2021-2022年山東省德州市大學(xué)英語6級大學(xué)英語六級模擬考試(含答案)

2021-2022年山東省德州市大學(xué)英語6級大學(xué)英語六級模擬考試(含答案)學(xué)校:________班級:________姓名:________考號:________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20題)1.

______isthemaintenanceoftherelativelyconstantinternalenvironmentofthebody.

2.

Oncewethoughtofpollutionasmeaningsimply______.

3.Whatshouldpeopledoduringthewarming-upexerciseforrunning?

A.Trytorunatabreathlessspeed.

B.Increasethepaceinagradualway.

C.Keeptalkingwiththeircompanions.

D.Warmupthemusclesbystretching.

4.

ThemostrecentrevisiontoU.S.immigrationlawraisedthenumberofallowedimmigrantsfromabout550,000toabout______peryear,includingrefugees.

5.WhatdoweknowaboutMarkinthefilmTheInventionofLying?

A.Helookstoothinforhisdate.

B.Heisthemosthonestman.

C.Lyingchangeshislifecompletely.

D.Helivesinalyingworld.

6.Nearlyallthefamiliescanmanagetomeetthesoaringtuitioncoststhroughvariousinvestmentplans.

7.

Theroleascaregiverbroughtaboutahugeboostin_____________toMr.Rappaport.AfterreturningfromCalifornia,hefeltrenewed.

8.

Thoughthegrindhavegoodgrades,whatdotheystilllack?

A.Self-discipline.

B.Goodmemory.

C.Originalopinions.

D.Writingpractice.

9.

ThesuccessofEdison,PicassoorevenShakespeareliesontheirabilityto______ratherthanmerecreativecapacity.

10.

TheLewisCenteratOberlinisanenergy-efficientbuildingandthemajorenergyresourceofitisfrom

11.

Despitemultipleauthors,thebookis______throughoutthetext.

12.

AccordingtothereportbytheRoyalSociety,moretrainingin______wasnecessaryforscientists.

13.Whyisitimportanttorealizeandhandlestressinapositivewaywhenitoccurs?

A.Itwillinevitablyincreaseyourbloodpressure.

B.Itmaycausephysicalproblemsifitisprolonged.

C.Itissoharmfulastocausedistress.

D.Itisparticularlyfrustrating.

14.

______wantstodeveloptheHealtheon/WebMDtosavehundredsofbillionsofdollars.

A.BillGatesB.CharlesSchwabC.MichaelDertouzosD.JimClark

15.

Sensiblecalculationofreal-worldrisksseemsentirelybeyondusandit'ssomethingwe'llneverdoexceptionallywell.

A.YB.NC.NG

16.

______inhistorydidtheUShavenoVicePresident.

17.

Inordertogettheinformationofhowmuchsugarthereisinafood,youneedtohaveacloselookat______.

18.PartⅡReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)

Directions:Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.

Forquestions1～7,mark

Y(forYES)ifthestatementagreeswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage;

N(forNO)ifthestatementcontradictstheinformationgiveninthepassage;

NG(forNOTGIVEN)iftheinformationisnotgiveninthepassage.

Forquestions8～10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.

Euro(歐元)

Nationalcurrenciesarevitallyimportanttothewaymoderneconomiesoperate.Theyallowustoconsistentlyexpressthevalueofanitemacrossbordersofcountries,oceans,andcultures.Wealthcanbeeasilystoredortransportedascurrency.

Currenciesarealsodeeplyembeddedinourculturesandourpsyche.Thinkabouthowfamiliaryouarewiththepriceofthings.Ifyou'vegrownupintheUnitedStates,youthinkofeverythingin"dollars,"justlikeyouthinkaboutdistancesininchesandmiles.

OnJanuary1,2002,theeurobecamethesinglecurrencyof12memberstatesoftheEuropeanUnion.Thiswillmakeitthesecondlargestcurrencyintheworld(theU.S.dollarbeingthelargest).Itwillalsobethelargestcurrencyeventinthehistoryoftheworld.Twelvenationalcurrencieswillevaporate(蒸發(fā))andbereplacedbytheeuro.

DesigningtheEuro

TheEuropeanCommission(EC)wasgiventhetaskofcreatingtheeurosymbolaspartofitscommunicationswork.Therewerethreethingsthedesignhadtoaccomplish:

Ithadtobeeasilyrecognized.

Ithadtobeeasilywrittenbyhand.

Ithadtobepleasingtolookat.

TheEChadmorethan30designsdrawnup.Theyselected10fromthoseandletthepublicvote,whichnarrowedthose10downtotwo.Fromthemtheymadetheirfinalselection.ThedesignthatwasselectedisbasedontheGreekletterepsilon,andalsoresemblesthe"e"asthefirstletteroftheword"Europe."Thetwoparallellinesthroughthecenterofthe"c"representstability.

WhereDidtheIdeaComeFrom?

Theoriginalseedwasplantedin1946whenWinstonChurchillsuggestedthecreationofthe"UnitedStatesofEurope."Hisgoalswereprimarilypolitical,inthathehopedaunifiedgovernmentwouldbringaboutpeaceforacontinentthathadbeentornapartbytwoWorldwars.

Then,in1952,sixwest-EuropeancountriestookChurchill'ssuggestionandcreatedtheEuropeanCoalandSteelCommunity(ECSC)Theseresourceswerequitestrategictothepowerofeachcountry,soarequirementoftheECSCwasthateachcountryallowstheirresourcestobecontrolledbyanindependentauthority.Theirgoal,justasChurchillhadintended,wastohelppreventmilitaryconflictbetweenFranceandGermany.

In1957,theTreatyofRomewassigned,declaringthegoalofcreatingacommonEuropeanmarket.ItwassignedbyFrance,Germany,Italy,Belgium,theNetherlands,andLuxembourg.

Aftermanyfalsestarts,theprocessofcreatingtheEurogotitsrealstartin1989,whentheDelorsReportwaspublishedbyJacquesDelors,presidentoftheEuropeanCommission.Thisimportantreportoutlinedathree-stagetransition(過渡)planthatwouldcreateasingleEuropeancurrency.

PlanningtheTransition

AsoutlinedintheDelorsReport,thetransitiontoasingleEuropeancourtesyfollowedathree-stageplan:StageonebeganonJuly1,1990,andimmediatelyabolished(廢止)(atleastinprinci

A.YB.NC.NG

19.

Studiesindicatethatobesityisheritable,andtheheritabilityis______.

20.

Salopeksaidthathe______toSudantoreportagainalthoughtherewerealotofdifficulties.

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20題)21.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.

聽力原文：W:Thisapartmentconsistsoftwobedrooms,alivingroomwithasatelliteTV,acompletelyequippedkitchenandagreatbathroom.Andthechargeisquitereasonable,youknow.

M:Yes,that'sright.Butifit'slocatedontheothersideoftown,we'lldefinitelybuyit.

Q:Whatdoesthemanthinkoftheapartment?

(12)

A.Helikeseverythingaboutit.

B.Hewilldefinitelybuyit.

C.Helikesthelocationofit.

D.Heisnotverysatisfiedwithit.

22.(32)

A.Hewasabravesoldier.

B.Hetookwarphotographs.

C.Hepaintedportraits.

D.Hedesignedaportablecamera.

23.聽力原文：M:I'mmanytorn.Ineedanewbicycle,andIjustcan'tdecidewhichonetoget.Therearcjusttoomanydifferentkindstochoosefrom.

W:AsfarasIamconcerned,abikeisabike;it'sjusttransportation.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

(19)

A.Themanshoulddowithoutbuyinganewbicycle.

B.She'llgladtohelpthemandecidewhichbicycletobuy.

C.Themanshouldnotbesoparticularaboutchoosingabicycle.

D.She'squiteconcernedabouttheman'smeansoftransportation.

24.

【B2】

25.聽力原文：PeopleinPolandtaketheirpleasureseriously.Theyliketohaveanaimevenwhenspendingthetimewhichisentirelytheirown.Duringthesummer,peoplestartworkveryearlyinthemorning,sothattheycanfinishearlyandenjoyaleisurelyafternoon.ItisdifficulttoimaginePolishpeoplegoingaimlesslyforawalkinthecountry,thoughtheymightgotopickwildfruit,tovisitaplaceofhistoricalimportanceortowalk20kmastrainingexercise.Theyareoftenadmiredfortheirimmenseenjoymentofthearts.Alltheirparksarebeautifullycaredforandarefortheuseandenjoymentofthepeople.Quiteordinarypeoplewilltalkwithobviousdelightaboutconcerts.Thereisnearlyalwaysacrowdatthedoorofthetheatre,askingforreturnedtickets.PeopleinPolandnowhavefarmoreleisuretimeandmoremoneythaneverbefore.Itisthereforepossibletospendtheweekendsinmanynewways.Manypeoplenowhaveover20vacationdaysperyear.Thisprovidesanopportunityforholidaysinthecountryorattheseaside.

(30)

A.Theyoftengoforwalksataleisurelypace.

B.Theyusuallyhaveaspecificpurposeinmind.

C.Theyliketheseasidemorethanthecountryside.

D.Theyseldomplantheirleisureactivitiesinadvance.

26.

【B3】

27.(24)

A.Freshfruit.

B.Agiftcertificate.

C.Homemadecandy.

D.Aweddingpresent.

28.(29)

A.Itmeanstheopportunitytoexperienceandtorealizetothemaximumtheforcesthatarewithinus.

B.Itmeansgreatworldlyachievementsoraccomplishmentsorwealth.

C.Itmeansbeingonthetopofthesocialladder.

D.Itmeansthesearchfortruth.

29.聽力原文：W:Hi,Jack.Tomorrow'sthebigday!YoumustbeexcitedaboutgoingtoFranceforyourfirstinternationalconference.

M:Thetrip,yes,butnotthepreparation.

W:Whatdoyouneedtodoexceptpack?

M:Youknow,youalwaysfeelsoawfulwheneveryoumakeabigchangeintimezones.ThistimeI'mtryingananti-jet-lagprogramsoI'llbealertevenforthefirstday'slectures.

W:Buthowcanyouavoidjetlag?Withthatlateflightandasix-hourdifferenceintime,it'sboundtotakeyouacoupleofdaystoadjust.

M:Well,thisprogram'ssupposedtogetyourbodytofeellikeit'sinthenewtimezonebeforeyouleave.Thetheoryisthatthefoodyoueatactuallytellsyourbodywhentobeactiveandwhentoberestful,sochangingyourdietcanhelpyoubereadyforthetimechange.Youhavetoalternatefeastingandfasting...youknow,sometimeseatalot,sometimesjustalittle.

W:OK.NowIseewhyyou'renotenjoyingthepreparation.Ican'tquitepictureyoufasting!

M:Actuallytheworstisalreadyover.Twodaysbeforetheflight,you'resupposedtohaveonlylightmealsandlimityourselfto800calories.

W:Thatmusthavebeentough.

M:Yeah,butI'mmakingupforittoday.Feastdayismuchbetter...thoughIstilldon'tgettoeatanysnacksafterdinner.

Questions19to22arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

19.Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?

20.HowistheprogramthatJackisusingsupposedtowork?

21.Whyisn'tJackenjoyingthepreparationforhistrip?

22.WhatcanbeinferredaboutJack'susualeatinghabits?

(23)

A.Newfoodstotrywhentraveling.

B.Makingreservationsforthebesttravel.

C.Avoidinggainingweightwhiletraveling.

D.Adjustingtotimechangeswhentraveling.

30.

【B10】

31.

【B9】

32.(41)

33.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.

聽力原文：W:Frank,we'vegotaproblem.Wedon'thaveenoughmoneytopaytherentthismonth.IthinkI'dbetteraskMomandDadforaloan,oraskmybossforaraise.

M:Well,Idon'tknow.ButmaybeI'dbetternottakeanotherEnglishcoursethissemester.

Q:Whatistheproblemtheyaretalkingabout?

(12)

A.Theirparentscutbackloan.

B.Thewomandoesn'twantFranktotakeanotherEnglishcourse.

C.Theycan'tpaytherentthismonth.

D.Thewoman'sbossrefusedtogiveheraraise.

34.SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthe

Americancitiesare【B1】______toothercitiesaroundtheworld.Ineverycountry,cities【B2】______thevaluesoftheculture.Citiescontaintheverybestaspectsofasociety,【B3】______foreducation,employment,andentertainment.Theyalsocontaintheveryworstpartsofasociety:violentcrime,racial【B4】______,andpoverty.Americancitiesarechanging,justasAmericansocietyischanging.

AfterWorldWarⅡ,city【B5】______becamewealthier,more【B6】______.Theyhadmorechildren.Theyneededmorespace.Theymovedoutoftheirapartmentsinthecitytobuytheirownhomes.Theyboughthousesinthe【B7】______,areasnearacitywherepeoplelive.

Theseareareaswithoutmanyofficesorfactories.Duringthe1950stheAmericandreamwastohaveahouseinthesuburbs.

Nowthingsarcchanging.Thechildrenofthepeoplewholeftthecitiesin1950sarenowadults.They,【B8】______theirparents,wanttoliveinthecities.【B9】______Manyaresingle;othersaremarries,butoftenwithoutchildren.Theypreferthecitytothesuburbsbecausetheirjobsarethere;【B10】______Anewclassismovingintothecityawealthier,moremobileclass.

【B11】______.Somecityresidentsnowseeabright,newfuture.Othersseeonlyproblemsandconflicts.Onethingissure:Manydyingcitiesarealiveagain.

【B1】

35.聽力原文：Inabidtoimprovetheknowledgeoffarmersinscienceandtechnology,theMinistryofAgriculturewillinvestabout1.1billionyuannextyear.Thefigureisa53percentincreaseoverthisyear's720millionyuan.DeputyAgricultureMinisterWeiChao'anmadethepledgeyesterdayattheFarmerScientificLiteracyForumheldinBeijing."Fromnextyear,thebudgetwillbesignificantlyincreasedeachyear,"Weisaid.TheinvestmentwillgotowardsimplementingtheNationalSchemeforScienceLiteracy,whichwasannouncedinFebruarythisyear.TheschemeaimstoimprovescientificliteracyinChinaandmakeitapolicypriority.Weisaidthemoneywillbemainlyspentinhelpingfarmersdevelopnewtechnologicalskillstocopewithmarketfluctuations,aswellasindustrialskills.Sofarthisyear,8.6millionfarmershavereceivedtrainingandeducationinitiatedbytheMinistryofAgriculture.Weinoted,however,thatdespitecontinuedeffortstoimprovefarmers'scienceandtechnologyskills,only9.1percent,orabout700million,haveeverparticipatedinvariousscienceandtechnologytrainingprograms.Theprogramsarealsonmbyothergovernmentalandnon-governmentalorganizationssuchastheMinistryofScienceandTechnologyandtheChinaAssociationforScienceandTechnology.TheaverageChinesefarmeronlyreceives7.3yearsofeducation.CAST,theMinistryofAgricultureandothergovernmentdepartments,willcontinuetoexplorewaystocombinescientificeducationandtrainingtoimproveagriculturalproductionskills,DengNan,firstsecretaryofCAST,toldtheforum.

(30)

A.Toimprovetheknowledgeoffarmersinscienceandtechnology.

B.Toimprovethelivingconditionsoffarmers.

C.Toimprovetheknowledgeofunskilledworkers.

D.Toimprovethelivingconditionsofthefarmersandworkers.

36.(15)

A.Themanenjoyedthemovieverymuch.

B.ThemansawahorrormovielastSaturday.

C.Thewomanaskedthemantobecarefulatnight.

D.Thewomanwenttotheshowwiththeman.

37.(39)

38.聽力原文：W:Whydoyoulooksohappythisafternoon?

M:Ijustcamefrommyadviser'sofficeandfoundoutthatCollegeBoardhasdoneawaywiththeforeignlanguagerequirementforgraduation.

Q:Whatdowelearnfromthisconversation?

(14)

A.Themandoesn'thavetostudyaforeignlanguage.

B.Themanjustpassedtheforeignlanguagetest.

C.Theman'sadvisorgavehimsomegoodadvice.

D.Themandoesn'thavetotakethefinalexam.

39.SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthe

Therearetwobasicwaystoseegrowth:Oneasaproduct,theotherasaprocess.Peoplehave(36)______viewedpersonalgrowthasanexternalresultorproductthatcaneasilybeidentifiedandmeasured.

Bycontrast,theprocessofpersonalgrowthismuchmoredifficulttodetermine,sinceby(37)______itisajourneyandnotthespecificsignpostsorlandmarksalongtheway.Theprocessisnottheroaditself,butrathertheattitudesandfeelingspeoplehave,theircautionorcourage,asthey(38)______newexperiencesandunexpected(39)______Inthisprocess,thejourneyneverreallyends;therearealwaysnewwaysto(40)______theworld,newideastotry,newchallengestoaccept.Inordertogrow,totravelnewroads,peopleneedtohavea(41)______totakerisks,to(42)______theunknown,andtoacceptthepossibilitythattheymay"fail"atfirst.Howweseeourselvesaswetryanewwayofbeingis(43)______toourabilitytogrow.Doweperceiveourselvesasquickandcurious?(44)____________.Dowethinkwe'reshyandindecisive?(45)____________.Dowethinkwe'reslowtoadapttochangeorthatwe'renotsmartenoughtocopewithanewchallenge?Thenwearelikelytotakeamorepassiveroleornottryatall.

(46)____________.Ifwedonotconfrontandovercometheseinternalfearsanddoubts,ifweprotectourselvestoomuch,thenweceasetogrow.Webecometrappedinsideashellofourownmaking.

40.【B10】

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20題)41.

Theauthoris______towardicebergs.

42.

【C6】

43.

【C8】

44.

Ofthefollowingsteps,whichoccursbeforetheothersinmakingadecisionworksheet?

A.Listingtheconsequencesofeachsolution.

B.Calculatinganumericalsummaryofeachsolution.

C.Decidingwhichconsequencesaremostimportant.

D.Writingdownallpossiblesolutions.

45.

【C2】

46.

"Autonomy"inlastparagraphmeans______.

A.areaoccupiedbythepatient

B.therightofself-decisionofpatients

C.fieldofinfluenceofpatients

D.politicalpowerofpatients

47.

Humanbabiesareborninimmature,helplessstates,owingto______.

A.theearlybirthofhumanfetuses

B.thebigbrainsofthefetus

C.theconstrictedbirthcanalsofthemother

D.bothbigbrainsandconstrictedbirthcanals

48.SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.

Thefirstcooked-and-frozenFrenchfiredpotatoesweremadeinaLongIslandfactoryin1945.Theywereburntatbothends,softinbetweenandtoosweet.Butsincethen,readymadepotatoeshavesavedmillionsofhoursofkitchenworkandbuiltfortunesformanybusinesses.Frenchfriesnowoutsellallotherfrozenfoods.

Todaytherearemanykindsoffrozenpotatoesinstores:cottagefires,creamed,roasted,baked.U.S.foodcompaniesusednearlysixbillionpounds(2.7billionkilograms)ofpotatoesayear.Frozenpotatoeshavelessvitaminvaluethandofreshpotatoes.Butsalesprovethatmostpeopledon'tthinkthisdifferenceisworthwashing,peelingandtrimming.

OneofthelargestpotatobusinessesisinPresqueIsle,Maine.Theplantbeganrunningin1964.It'soneofthebiggestclimate-controlledpotatostorehouseseverbuilt.Itholds60millionpounds(27millionkilograms)ofpotatoes.

Thebuildinghas36barn-sizebins.Therearemachinestoheatorcooltheair.

Potatoesarestoredat45°F(7℃).Coolerairwouldfreezethepotatoes.Warmerairwouldallowspoiling.

Inthebuilding,youhearwaterrushing.Streamsofpotatoesracetotheplant'stwoFrench-frylines.Theyare530feet(162meters)long.Theycost$1500000each.Thepotatoesdropfrombeltsintoasteeltank.Aliquidmakestheskinssoft.Showerswashofftheskins.Thepotatoesthenroolintothetrimmingroom.Workersweedoutpotatoeswhicharebadlyshapedortoosmall.

Thepotatoesthenslideintoasetofknives.Theyareslicedintostripsandcrinklecutonthesides.Abathofhotwaterfollows.

Thenthepotatoesfryintanksfilledwithhotoils.Thefactoryuses60000pounds(27216kilograms)ofoilevery24hours.Chain-beltsshaketheoilfromthefries.Thenthestripsgointoa172-foot(52-meter)longtunnel.Inittemperaturesarebelowfreezing.Theycomeout,frozenstiff,15minuteslater.NexttheFrenchfriesaretastedandtested.Finallythefriesareweighedandpackedbymachines.

Manypeoplethinkthatpotatoesmakeyoufat.It'snotso.Theyhavealmostnofat.Three-and-a-halfounces(99grams)ofleanclubsteakhave401calories.Abakedpotatohasonly93calories.Potatoes,likebananas,haveahigh"filling"value.Theyhaveafullstomachfeelingthatdetersovereating.TheyhavemorevitaminC-whichmakesbloodvesselwallsstrong-thandomostvegetables.

FoodexpertWheelerMcMillenoncewrote,"Maybesomeonecouldbuildtheflavorofchickengravyintoapotato."Itmayneverhappen.Butthepotatowillprobablyremainthemostversatilevegetable.

Peoplelikefrozenpotatoesthoughtheycontainlessvitaminbecause______.

A.theyareeasytostore

B.theytastebetter

C.theysavetrouble

D.theyarelikedbyall

49.Wecanbeginourdiscussionof"populationasglobalissue"withwhatmostpersonsmeanwhentheydiscuss"thepopulationproblem":toomanypeopleonearthandatoorapidincreaseinthenumberaddedeachyear.Thefactsarenotindispute;itwasquiterighttoemploytheanalogythatlikeneddemographicgrowthto"along,thinpowderfusethatbumssteadilyandhaltinglyuntilitfinallyreachesthechargeandexplodes".

Tounderstandthecurrentsituation,whichischaracterizedbyrapidincreasesinpopulation,itisnecessarytounderstandthehistoryofpopulationtrends.Rapidgrowthisacomparativelyrecentphenomenon.Lookingbackatthe8,000yearsofdemographichistory,wefindthatpopulationshavebeenvirtuallystableorgrowingveryslightlyformostofhumanhistory.Formostofourancestors,lifewashard,oftennasty,andveryshort.Therewashighfertilityinmostplaces,butthiswasusuallybalancedbyhighmortality.Formostofhumanhistory,itwasseldomthecasethatoneintenpersonswouldlivepastforty,whileinfancyandchildhoodwereespeciallyriskyperiods.Often,societieswereincleardangerofextinctionbecausedeathratescouldexceedtheirbirthrates.Thus,thepopulationproblemthroughoutmostofhistorywashowtopreventextinctionofthehumanrace.

Thispatternisimportanttonotice.Notonlydoesitputthecurrentproblemsofdemographicgrowthintoahistoricalperspective,butitsuggeststhatthecauseofrapidincreaseinpopulationinrecentyearsisnotasuddenenthusiasmformorechildren,butanimprovementintheconditionsthattraditionallyhavecausedhighmortality.

Demographichistorycanbedividedintotwomajorperiods:atimeoflong,slowgrowthwhichextendedfromabout8000B.C.tillapproximately1650A.D.Inthefirstperiodofsome9,600years,thepopulationincreasedfromsome8millionto500millionin1650.Between1650and1975,thepopulationhasincreasedfrom500milliontomorethan4billion.Andthepopulationreached6.2billionthroughouttheworldbytheyear2000.Onewaytoappreciatethisdramaticdifferenceinsuchabstractnumbersistoreducethetimeframe.tosomethingthatismoremanageable.Between8000B.C.and1650,anaverageofonly50,000personswasbeingaddedannuallytotheworld'spopulation.Atpresent,thisnumberisaddedeverysixhours.Theincreaseisabout80,000,000personsannually.

Theword"demographic"(Line4,Para.1)means______.

A.statisticsofhuman

B.surroundingsstudy

C.accumulationofhuman

D.developmentofhuman

50.

Wecansafelyinferfromthearticlethatthevideogamesallowpeopletochooseacharacterwith______.

A.theabilitytohandlenewsituations

B.skillsingettingalongwithothers

C.physicalpowerandforbearance

D.hand-eyecoordination

51.Whydidparticipantsfeelfrightenedeventhoughtherewasnoshockgoingwithbluesquares?

A.Becausetheyexperiencedthefirst-handfear.

B.Becausetheylearnedfearindirectly.

C.Becausetheirbrainsweresensitivetocolors.

D.Becausetheirreactingsystemweremonitored.

52.Onethingthetourbooksdon'ttellyouaboutLondonisthat2,000ofitsresidentsarefoxes.Asnativeastheroyalfamily,theyfledthecityaboutcenturiesagoafterdevelopersandpollutionmovedin.Butnowthattheenvironmentiscleaner,thefoxeshavecomehome,oneofthemanywildanimalsthathavemovedintourbanareasaroundtheworld.

"Thenumberandvarietyofwildanimalsinurbanareasisincreasing,"saysGomerJonas,presidentoftheNationalInstituteforUrbanWildlife,inColumbia,Maryland.AsurveyofthewildlifeinNewYork'sCentralParklastyeartalliedthespeciesofmammals;includingmuskrats,shrewsandflyingsquirrels.Asimilarsurveyconductedinthe1890scountedonlyfivespecies.Oneofthecountry'slargestpopulationsofraccoons(浣熊)nowlivesinWashingtonD.C.,endmoose(駝鹿)areregularlyteenwanderingintoMainetowns.Peregrinefalcons(游隼)divefromthewindowledgesofbuildingsinthelargestU.S.citiestopreyonpigeons.

Severalchangeshavebroughtwildanimalstothecities.Foremostisthatairandwaterqualityinmanycitieshasimprovedasaresultofthe1970s'pollution-controlefforts.Meanwhile,ruralareashavebeenbuiltup,leavingmanyanimalsontheedgesofsuburbia.Inaddition,conservationistshavecreatedurbanwildliferefuges.

TheGreaterLondonCouncillastyearspent$750,000tobuylandandbuild10permanentwildliferefugeshithecity.Over1,000volunteershavedonatedmoneyandclearedrubblefromderelictlots.Asaresult,pheasantsnowstrutintheEastEndandbadgersscuttleacrosslawnsnearthecenteroftown.AcolonyofrarehousemartinsnestsonawindowledgebesideHarrods,andoneeveninglastyearafoxwasseeno