2021年職稱(chēng)英語(yǔ)理工類(lèi)A級(jí)真題及答案

經(jīng)典word整理文檔，僅參考，雙擊此處可刪除頁(yè)眉頁(yè)腳。本資料屬于網(wǎng)絡(luò)整理，如有侵權(quán)，請(qǐng)聯(lián)系刪除，謝謝！A2021年度全國(guó)職稱(chēng)英語(yǔ)等級(jí)考試?yán)砉ゎ?lèi)（A級(jí)）試題一.詞匯選項(xiàng)（第1～15題，每題1分，共15分）下面共有15個(gè)句子，每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ)有底橫線，請(qǐng)從每個(gè)句子后面所給的4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1個(gè)與劃線部分意義最相近的詞或短語(yǔ)。答案一律涂在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。1.Itwashardtosaywhythemandeservedsuchshabbytreatment.A)unforgettableB)unbelievableC)unfairD)unthinkable2.Thecuriouslookfromthestrangersaroundhermadeherfeeluneasy.A)difficultB)worriedC)anxiousD)unhappy3.Itissaidthatthehousesalongthisstreetwillsoonbedemolished.A)pulleddownB)rebuiltC)renovatedD)whitewashed4.Theadvertisingcompanywassurprisedbytheadversepublicreactiontotheposter.A)delayedB)quickC)positiveD)unfavorable5.Hebeganhistalkbygivingaconcisedefinitionofpost-modernism.A)longanddetailedB)shortandclearC)comprehensiveD)professional6.Thestaffofthecompanyarealwayscourteousandhelpful.A)efficientB)respectableC)well-informedC)respectful7.Thenewjobwillprovideyouwithinvaluableexperience.A)simplyuselessB)reallypracticalB)verylittleD)extremelyuseful8.Thewholeideatobuildadeluxehotelheresoundsinsanetome.A)reasonableB)sensibleC)crazy1/7D)unbelievable9.Inhistwo-hour-longlecturehemadeanexhaustiveanalysisoftheissue.A)extremelythoroughB)longandboringC)superficialD)unconvincing*10.Weallthinkthatthenewdevicehehasproposedisingenious.A)effectiveB)cleverC)implausibleD)original+11.Readingthejobad,hewonderedwhetherhewaseligibletoapplyforit.A)competitiveB)diligentC)qualifiedD)competent+12Heimpressedallhiscolleaguesasavigorousmanintheprimeofhiscareer.A)hot-temperedB)healthyC)friendlyD)patient13.NotallmemberStatesabidedbytheprincipletheyhadagreedonpreviously.A)adheredtoB)abandonedC)appliedD)adopted14.Examinationpapersoftheclassweremarkedwithoutbias.A)immediatelyB)correctlyC)fairlyD)carefully15.Theconstructionoftherailwayissaidtohavebeenterminated.A)resumedB)putanendtoC)suspendedD)re-scheduled第2部分：閱讀判斷(第16～22題，每題1分，共7分)下面的短文后列出了7該句提供的是正確信息，請(qǐng)選擇A；如果該句提供的是錯(cuò)誤信息，請(qǐng)選擇B；如果該句的信息文中沒(méi)有提及，請(qǐng)選擇C。Painissomethingthateveryoneexperiencesatsometime，toagreaterorlesserdegree.Chronicorlong-termhowever，isinacategoryofitsown.Thisisthekindofpainthatdominatesandpervadesthelifeofthesufferer.Relentless，grinding，exhaustingpain，fromwhichthereisnoescaper。Mostindividualswhoexperiencethiskindofpainareparaplegicsandtetraplegics。Thesepeople，despitetheirdisabilities，wouldoftenbecapableofleadingfulfilledandhappyliveswereitnot2/7forthefactthattheysufferthisterribleanddebilitatingpainonanalmostcontinuousbasis.Todate，treatmenthasbeenmainlyintheformofheavydrugtherapy，whichproducesunpleasantsideeffects.Buttherehasbeenabreakthroughinpaincontrol.Anewdevices，SPES（SubPerceptionelectroStimulation），shouldradicallyimprovequalityoflifeformanychronicpainsufferers.ProfessorCapel，scientistandinventor，hasconductedclinicaltrialsofSPESonchronicpainsuffererswithextremelyencouragingresults.SPESworksbytransmittingelectricalsignalscontrolledbymicroprocessors，inparticularpatternsacrossthebrain，usingtinyelectrodesattachedtothepatient'searlobes.Thesesignalsstimulatechemicalmessagesfromthetheareaofthebrainwhichcontrolsourbodilyfunctions.Asaahormonalreleaseistriggered，whichalterstheperceptionofpain.\，saysProfessorCapel.\withit.Weareusingthebody'snaturalabilitytocopewithpain.\painlessandconvenient，lastingforaboutanhouraday.Theequipmentisportable，sothepersonusingitcanmovearoundcomfortably.Otherbenefitsarethatitisnon-addictiveandthepatientdoesnotbuildupatolerancetoSPES.Itcanbeusedathomewithoutmedicalsupervision.SPESshouldnot，however，beusedbypregnantwomen，whohavepacemakersfittedandthosewhoaretakingcertainprescribeddrugs.16.Itisreportedthatonlyapartofpeopleexperiencepainintheirlife.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned.17.paraplegicsandtetraplegicsarepeoplewhomosteasilyexperiencerelentlessandexhaustingpain.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned.18.ToillustratehowSPESworks,scientistsperformedanexperimentonananimal.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned.3/719.ProfessorCapelhasconductedaseriesofclinicaltrialsofSPESonacutepainsufferers.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned.20.Hypothalamusistheareaofthebrainwhichcontrolsourbodilyfunctions.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned.21.Whenahormonalreleaseistriggered,itwillreducetheproductionofpain.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned.22.Thenewdevice,SPES,willbeusedwidelybothinhospitalandathome.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned.第323～3018分)下面的短文后有2項(xiàng)測(cè)試任務(wù)：(1)第23～26題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為第2-5段每段選擇1個(gè)最佳標(biāo)題；(2)第27～30題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為每個(gè)句子確定1個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。1.Theatmosphereisamixtureofseveralgases.Thereareabouttenchemicalelementswhichremainpermanentlyingaseousformintheatmosphereunderallnaturalconditions.Ofthesepermanentgases,oxygenmakesupabout21percentandnitrogenabout78percent.Severalothergases,suchasargon,carbondioxide,hydrogen,neon,kryptonandxenon,comprisestheremainingonepercentofthevolumeofthedryair.Theamountofwatervaporanditsvariationsinamountanddistributionisofextraordinaryimportanceinweatherchanges.Atmosphericgasesholdinsuspensiongreatquantitiesofdust,pollen,smokeandotherimpuritieswhicharealwayspresentnconsiderable,butvariableamounts.2.Theatmospherehasnodefiniteupperlimitsbutgraduallythinsuntilitbecomesimpleperceptible.Untilrecentlyitwasassumedthattheairabovethefirstfewmilesgraduallygrewthinnerandcolderataconstantrate.Itwasalsoassumedthatupperairhadlittleinfluenceonweatherchanges.Recentstudiesoftheupperatmosphere,currentlybeing4/7conductedbyearthsatellitesandmissileprobing,haveshowntheseassumptionstobeincorrect.Theatmospherehasthreewell-definedstrata.3.Thelayeroftheairnexttotheearth,whichextendsupwardforabouttenmiles,isknownasthetroposphere.Onthewhole,itmakesupabout75percentofalltheweightoftheatmosphere,becausemostofthesolarradiationisabsorbedbytheearth'ssurfacewhichwarmstheairimmediatelysurroundingit.Asteadydecreaseoftemperaturewiththeincreasingelevationisamoststrikingcharacteristic.Theupperlayersarecolderbecauseoftheirgreaterdistancefromtheearth'ssurfaceandrapidradiationofheatintospace.Thetemperatureswithinthetropospheredecreaseabout3.5degreesper1000feetincreaseinaltitude.Withinthetroposphere,windsandaircurrentsdistributeheatandmoisture.Strongwinds,calledjetstreamsarelocatedattheupperlevelsofthetroposphere.Thesejetstreamsarebothcomplexandwidespreadinoccurrence.Theynormallyshowawaveshapedpatternandmovefromwesttoeastatvelocitiesof150mph,butvelocitiesas400mphhavebeennoted.Theinfluencesofchanginglocationsandstrengthsofjetstreamsuponweatherconditionsandpatternsarenodoubtconsiderable.Currentintensiveresearchmayeventuallyrevealtheirtruesignificance.4.Abovethetropospheretoaheightofabout50milesisazonecalledthestratosphere.Thestratosphereisseparatedfromthetropospherebyazoneofuniformtemperaturescalledthetrooppause.Withinthelowerportionsofthestratosphereisalayerofozonegaseswhichfilteroutmostoftheultravioletraysfromthesun.theozonelayervarieswithairpressure.Ifthiszonewerenotthere,thefullblastofthesun'sultravioletlightwouldburnourskins,blindoureyesandeventuallyresultinour5/7destruction.Withinthestratosphere,thetemperatureandatmosphericcompositionarerelativelyuniform.5.Thelayerupwardofabout50milesisthemostfascinatingbuttheleastknownofthethreestrata.Itiscalledtheionospherebecauseitconsistsofelectricallychargesparticlescalledions,thrownfromthesun.thenorthernlights(auroraborealis)originatewithinthishighlychargedportionoftheatmosphere.Itseffectuponweatherconditions,ifany,isasyetunknown.23.Paragraph1_________.24.Paragraph2_________.25.Paragraph3_________26.Paragraph4_________.27.AtthetopofJungfrau,whichtowers12000feetabovethetownofInterlakeninSwitzerland,thetemperatureisusually_________.28.Lifeasweknowexistsontheearthbecausetheatmosphere___________.29.Theatmosphereconsistsof___________.30.Thetroposphereisthewarmestpartoftheatmospherebecauseit__________.第4部分：閱讀理解(第3l～45題，每題3分，共45分)下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題。請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,為每題確定1個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。第一篇Geologistshavebeenstudyingvolcanoesforalongtime.Thoughtheyhavelearnedagreatdeal,theystillhavenotdiscoveredthecauseofvolcanicaction.Theyknowthattheinsideoftheearthisveryhot,buttheyarenotsureexactlywhatcausesthegreatheat.Somegeologistshavethoughtthattheheatiscaused