2021年山東省德州市中考英語試卷

2021年山東省德州市中考英語試卷（2021·山東德州市·真題）Isn'tfastfooddelicious?Aren'tfastfoodrestaurantscool?…Theanswertothesequestionsisyes.However,therearegrowingfactsthatfastfoodisoneoftheworstpartsofmodernlife.Andstudieshaveshownthatburgersandfriedchicken,whichweenjoysomuch,cancausealotofhealthproblems.Inspiteof(盡管)this,whyarefastfoodrestaurantssoattractive(吸引人的)?Thefirstandmostimportantreasonisthattheirserviceisfast.Theirstaff(員工)arefriendlyandverysmart-lookingintheircleanandbrightuniforms(制服).Moreover,mostfastfoodrestaurantsarenearplacesthatpeoplealwayspassby.Itissoeasytogrababurgerandeatonthewaytowork.Fastfoodisoftensoconvenientlypacked(包裝方便)thatitwillnotcauseamessevenifyoustandandeatit.Fastfoodrestaurantsarealsoveryclean.Alotofcleverads(廣告)havemadethemthecoolestplacesintown,butnoneofthemhasevertoldandwillnevertellyouthattoomuchfastfoodisnotgoodforyourhealth.Suchattractiveplacesaresellingjunkfood!Isn'titapity?Isthereawaytochangethefastfoodrestaurantsintospecialplaceswhereyougetthebestpossible,healthyandfreshfood?Well,whynot?Aspeoplerealizethehealthproblemsthatfastfoodcauses,itisquitelikelythatfastfoodrestaurantsmaygooutofdate.Itmayhappensoonerorlater.Therefore,insteadofresisting(抵制)fastfoodrestaurants,abetterideamaybetopersuade(說服)themtochangetheirmenu!Fastfoodrestaurantscanbeplacestogotowhenyouwanttoeatsomethingthatwillbegoodforyourbody.Iftheycouldcombine(結(jié)合)healthyfoodwiththeirspeedofservice,delicioustastesandcomfortablefeelings,thatwillbethenextbestthingontheearthforthehumanbeings!(1)Whatdoes"this"inParagraph2referto? A．Fastfoodisdelicious. B．Fastfoodrestaurantsarecool. C．Peopleenjoyfastfood. D．Fastfoodcancausehealthproblems.(2)FastfoodhasmanyadvantagesEXCEPTthatit's_____. A．delicious B．fast C．healthy D．unhealthy(3)Whichwordcanreplacetheword"grab"inParagraph3? A．movesuddenly. B．getquickly. C．throwquickly. D．carrycarefully.(4)Accordingtothepassage,adsaboutfastfood_____. A．showyouallthefacts B．don'ttellyouthewholetruth C．makeithardtobuyfastfood D．makefastfoodrestaurantsoutofdate(5)Theauthoradvises_____. A．makingtheserviceoffastfoodfaster B．resistingfastfoodrestaurants C．changingtastesoffastfood D．makingfastfoodgoodforhealth（2021·山東德州市·真題）HereatNatureLovingKids,weknowhowmuchyouwanttomakeapositive(積極的)differencetoourworld!So,readontofindouthowtoprotectourearth…Saveenergyandwater!—Onafineandclearday,hangthingsoutsidetodry!Thissavesenergythatwouldhavebeenusedonthedryer(烘干機(jī))—Ifyoucan,trycycling,walking,orusingpublictransporttogetoutandabout,insteadofusingthecar.—Turnthetaps(水龍頭)offwhilebrushingyourteeth,andtakeshortshowersoffourminutesorless!Beanadvocate(倡導(dǎo)者)!—Shareyourknowledgewithothers,andhelpthembecomeeco-heroestoo!Ittakeslotsofpeopleworkingtogethertomakechangeshappen—soshare,share,share!Reduce,reuse,recycle!—Beforeyouthrowsomethingaway,stopandthinkaboutwhatelseitcouldbeusedfor!Befriendlytowildlife!—Makeyourgardenwildlife-friendly!Youcouldbuildabeehotel,orevencreateapool.—Ifyouownacatthatgoesoutdoors,putabellarounditsnecksothatvulnerablewildlifecanhearitcomingandmaketheirescape!Thinkaboutit!Whatelsecanyoudotomaketheworldbetter?Now,getoutthereandsavetheworld—youcandoit!(1)Tosaveenergyorwater,you'dbetter_____. A．drythingsinthesun B．driveacartowork C．takelongshowers D．brushteethwithwaterrunning(2)Tocallonmorepeopletoworktogether,youshould_____. A．saveenergyandwater B．beanadvocate C．reduce,reuseandrecycle D．befriendlytowildlife(3)Whatdoestheunderlinedword"vulnerable"meaninChinese? A．野生的. B．家養(yǎng)的. C．強(qiáng)壯的. D．弱小的.(4)Thepurposeofthepassageisto_____. A．helpthekidslearnEnglish B．helppeoplelearnmoreaboutkids C．teachkidshowtokeepanimals D．tellthekidshowtoprotecttheearth(5)Thispassageisfrom_____. A．a(chǎn)guidebook B．a(chǎn)sciencebook C．a(chǎn)website D．a(chǎn)newspaper（2021·山東德州市·真題）Weseehumansallaroundus.Butwhenwasthefirsthumanseen?Earlyhumansdidnotleavebehindanywrittenrecords.However,theyleftbehindmanypaintingsonthewallsofthecaves(洞穴)wheretheylived.Thesepaintingstellabouttheirlife,andweknowtheseearlyhumanswalkedonfourlimbs(四肢)likeapes(猿).Also,theydidnotliveatoneplacebutmovedfromplacetoplaceinsearchoffoodandwater.Withoutanytools,earlyhumansusedstones,bonesofanimals,andsharppiecesofwoodtodig,huntandcuttheirfood.Theyalsousedthesetoprotectthemselvesfromanimals.Sincestoneswereusedtomaketools,thisagewascalledStoneAge.Withtimegoing,toolsmadeofbonesandstoneswerereplacedwithmetal(金屬的)oneswhichwerestronger,sharper,andlong-lasting.Metalswerealsousedforfarmingandmakingknives.Copper(銅)wasthefirstmetaltobeused.Thefirstfirethatearlyhumansnoticedwasnaturalfirecausedbylightning(閃電).Withfire,earlyhumanscouldlightupdarkcaves.Theycouldkeepthemselveswarmduringcoldweatherandcookmeat.Alsothefirecoulddriveanimalsaway.Earlyhumansnoticednewtreesgrowingfromtheseeds(種子)thatfelltothegroundfromthefruits.Thisgavethemtheideathattheycouldmaketheirownfoodbyplantingseeds,whichledtofarming.Withthebeginningoffarming,earlyhumansbegantosettledown(定居).Theymovedoutofthecavesandlivedonfarmsandneartheirfieldstogether,thenthefirstvillagescameup.Raisinganimalswasabigeventinhumanhistorythatchangedthelifeofearlyhumans.Thewilddogswereprobablythefirstanimaltoberaised.Astimewent,goats,sheep,cows,donkeys,andhorseswerekept,too.Thisledtoherding(畜牧業(yè)).Milk,meatandwoolcamefromtheseanimals.(1)Earlyhumans'paintingsdon'ttellus_____. A．whenthefirsthumanappeared B．howtheywalked C．wheretheylived D．howtheylived(2)Earlyhumanshadtomovearoundinorderto_____. A．findmorecavestolivein B．protectthemselvesfromanimals C．lookforfoodandwater D．makekindsoftools(3)Earlyhumansusedfireto_____.①lightupdarkcaves②keepthemselveswarm③cookmeat④driveanimalsaway⑤makeknives A．①②③④ B．①②④⑤ C．②③④⑤ D．①②③⑤(4)Earlyhumanswereabletoliveinoneplacewhen_____. A．theycouldwalkontwofeet B．theycouldusemetals C．theyknewhowtofarm D．theyknewhowtousefire(5)Whichstatementisrightaccordingtothepassage? A．Thefirsttoolsweremadeofcopper. B．Thefirstfirenoticedbyearlyhumanswascausedbylightning. C．Thefirstvillagescameupbeforethefarmingappeared. D．Thefirstanimaltoberaisedwassheep.（2021·山東德州市·真題）Althoughit'ssaidVanGogh(梵高)(1853-1890)soldonlyonepaintingduringhislifetime,differenttheories(理論)exist(存在).ItistruethatTheRedVineyardistheonlypaintingsoldduringVanGogh'slifetime,andthatwasofficially(官方地)recordedandacceptedbytheartworld.It'srecordedthatVanGoghstartedpaintingat27,anddiedat37.HisfamouspaintingswereproducedafterhewenttoFrancein1888,onlytwoyearsbeforehedied.Soitwouldbeclearthathedidnotsellmany.However,othersdisagree.TheleadingVanGoghscholar(學(xué)者),Marc,isoneofthem.ThoughthestorythatVanGoghsoldjustonepaintingstillgoesaround,heinsists(堅(jiān)持說)thatVanGoghsoldatleasttwo.Also,accordingtotheVanGoghMuseumwebsite,VanGoghactuallysoldanumberofpaintingsforlivingduringhislifetime.Hisfirstmoneycamefromhisuncle,whowasanartdealer(經(jīng)銷商).InordertohelpVanGogh'scareer(事業(yè)),heordered19paintings.AndVanGoghhimselfwouldoftentradehispaintingsforfoodorartsupplies(美術(shù)用品)whenhewasyounger.VdiedinJulyof1890.HisbrotherwasawisedealerandsavedlotsofpaintingsbyVanGogh.Hisgreatestwishwastomaketheworksmorewidelyknownandmakemuchmoney.Sadlyhehimselfdiedjustsixmonthslater.Heleftalargecollectionofarttohiswife,who"soldsomeofVanGogh'sworks,lentasmanyasshecouldtoexhibitions,andpublished(出版)manyofVanGogh'sletterstohisbrother.Withouther,VanGoghwouldneverhavebecomeasfamousasheistoday."Afterherdeath,hersonfoundedtheVanGoghMuseum.(1)Accordingto_____,onlyonepaintingwassoldduringVanGogh'slifetime. A．theofficialrecords B．theVanGoghMuseumwebsite C．VanGogh'sbrother'sson D．VanGogh'suncle(2)Whatcanweinfer(推斷)fromParagraph4? A．VanGogh'spaintingswerepopular. B．VanGoghwaspoorthen. C．VanGoghdislikedhispaintings. D．VanGogh'spaintingswereexpensive.(3)Whichstatementisrightaccordingtothepassage? A．VanGogh'sbrothergotrichbysellinghispaintings. B．VanGoghwrotemanyletterstohisbrother. C．VanGogh'sbrotherdiedearlierthanhim. D．VanGogh'sbrother'swifesoldallhisworks.(4)WhoisthemostimportantpersontomakeVanGoghsofamous? A．VanGoghhimself. B．VanGogh'sbrother. C．VanGogh'sbrother'swife. D．TheleadingVanGoghscholar.(5)Thepassageismainlyabout_____. A．whetherVanGoghsoldonlyonepaintinginhislife B．howVanGoghbecamefamous C．thewholelifeofVanGogh D．thefamilyofVanGogh（2021·山東德州市·真題）ManuelVera,wholivesinMaryland,is71yearsold.Hethinksthathomesmustbefullofoldbikesbecausebikesaregoodmemoriesofhomeandlove.Hesaid,"IgrewupinPeru.Myfathertaughtmetoride.Irememberwhenmyfatherfirstletgoofthebike.Icouldgowherevermybikemighttakeme."Childrengrowupanddon'tneedthemanymore.Somepeoplestopridingthembecauseofmorecars.ManuelVerafeltkindofsad.Hewouldtrytogettheseoldbikesbackontheroad.In2020,hesentamessagetohisneighbors.Itsaidhewouldfixtheirbikesforfree.Mr.Verafixed104bicyclesinthelastyear.Heranoutofbikestoworkon.Heaskedifpeoplehadunusedbikesinthemessage.Hewouldfixthemupandgivethemaway.Mr.Veragivesthebikesawayatapark.Hesaysitistheperfectplace.Sometimes,Mr.Verawillseeabicyclehefixed."Everyoldbikeisshiningwithgoodmemoriesoflove,"hesaidwithhiseyesshining.(1) A．Anideacametohismind. B．Itwasasurprisetoridebymyself. C．Thatmakeshimthinkofhischildhood. D．InJanuaryhesentanothermessagearound. E．Allhisneighborsarethankfultohimfordoingthis. F．Astimegoes,bikesaredisappearinginpeople'slife.(2) A．Anideacametohismind. B．Itwasasurprisetoridebymyself. C．Thatmakeshimthinkofhischildhood. D．InJanuaryhesentanothermessagearound. E．Allhisneighborsarethankfultohimfordoingthis. F．Astimegoes,bikesaredisappearinginpeople'slife.(3) A．Anideacametohismind. B．Itwasasurprisetoridebymyself. C．Thatmakeshimthinkofhischildhood. D．InJanuaryhesentanothermessagearound. E．Allhisneighborsarethankfultohimfordoingthis. F．Astimegoes,bikesaredisappearinginpeople'slife.(4) A．Anideacametohismind. B．Itwasasurprisetoridebymyself. C．Thatmakeshimthinkofhischildhood. D．InJanuaryhesentanothermessagearound. E．Allhisneighborsarethankfultohimfordoingthis. F．Astimegoes,bikesaredisappearinginpeople'slife.(5) A．Anideacametohismind. B．Itwasasurprisetoridebymyself. C．Thatmakeshimthinkofhischildhood. D．InJanuaryhesentanothermessagearound. E．Allhisneighborsarethankfultohimfordoingthis. F．Astimegoes,bikesaredisappearinginpeople'slife.we,face,but,like,what,immediate,although,sun,surprise,one,good?RowBoatsintheParkIkeepanumberoflistsaboutthingsIwanttodo,placesIwanttosee,andfoodIwanttoeat.Andforalongtime—nearlysevenyears—rowingboatsintheparkhasalwaysbeenthethingonmylists.Somehow,checkingthisoneoffthelistalwaysmeantthatmanythingshadtobejustright:therightweather,afreeday,andchildcare-free.Well,tomyandhappiness,allthreeofthosethingsdidcometogetheronmybirthdaymorning!Afterbreakfast,JordanandImadeourwaytothepark.theautumncolorsweren'tyetattheirpeak(峰值),theautumnscenery(風(fēng)景)wasstillgreattosee.Itwas,andthewindwassoftandgentle.Ourlimited(有限的)row-boatingskillsgaveusreasonstolaughat.Wemadeourwaypastthetrees,underthebridge,andintothelake.Thewaterwasstillandclearamirror(鏡子)undertheboat,inwhichwecanseethereflections(倒影)oftheboatandoursmiling.EverythingwasfunasIimagined.Ican'tthinkofawaytogetrelaxedonmybirthdaythanthis."Haveyoudecidedtodonextonyourlists?"Jordanaskedme."Ihavetothinkitover,"Ireplied."Takeyourtime,"Jordansaidtome,"Iwillalwaysbehere."(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)（2021·山東德州市·真題）talk,look,travel,check,see,do,help,keep,make,be,feelWhenArielrodeherbiketotheriverside,lastNovember,sheplannedtogohikingandbird-watching.Bingo!Amileintoherwalk,sheabeautifulswan(天鵝)lyingneartheriverside.ArielhadworkedattheWildBirdFundrehabcenter(康復(fù)中心)andknewthatswanscanbeaggressive(攻擊性的).Butasshegotclosetothisone,shefoundthatitwashurt."Iit,oritwilldie,"shethought.Arielputherjacketoverthebird'sheaditcalm.Shegentlypickeditup,andhelditinherarms.Andthenshethought,"WhatdoIdonow?"Herbestchoicetherehabcenter,butthatwasacrosstheriverandontheothersideofthecity.Howwasshegoingtotransporta17-poundswanonherbikeallthatway?Luckily,whenshearoundforhelp,somestrangersdrovebyandofferedher,herbikeandtheswanaridetoanearbysubwaystation.Arielcalledtherehabcenterontheway,andananimal-caremanagerpickedherupatthesubwaystationanddrovethebird,thebikeandhertothecenter.There,theswan,treatedandtakengoodcareof.Bynow,thebirdmanyswanfriendsthere,anditislivingahappylife.It'sreallyahappyending.Therealstoryisjusthowfarsomepeoplearewillingtogotosaveaswaninthebigcity.Inall,Arielspenttwohoursonfoot,bycarandsubway."Ifananimalisindanger,IwhateverIcan.Ialwayshappybecauseofthis,"shesaid.That'stheperfectsummaryofwhosheis.Doyouagree?(1)?(2)?(3)?(4)?(5)?(6)?(7)?(8)?(9)?(10)?（2021·山東德州市·真題）Self-loveisthemostimportantifyouwanttofindoutyourfullpotentials(潛質(zhì))onearth.Acceptingwhoyouaremakesyoufeelthatyouaregoodenough.Youaregoodenoughdoesnotyouareperfect.Nobodyisperfect.Beinggoodenoughmeansyouacceptwhoyouareandbelieveinyourself.Thetruthis,opinionsofotherpeoplemakeithardforyoutofindthegoodpartofyourself.So,youneedtobelieveinyourselfinsteadofcaringwhatpeoplethinkofyou.Besureyouaredoingitforyourself,notforsomeoneelse.Justmakeeffortstoimproveyourselfandthenyouaresuretobecomethebestyoucanbe,orabetterversion(版本)ofyourself.Whatshouldwedowhensomeoneisstuck(深陷)intheoceanofnotfeelinggoodenough?Herearesomesuggestionstohelp.First,beagoodlistener.Listeningtosomeonewillnotonlymakethemfeeltheyareworthybutalsomakeyouknowbetterwhattheyaregoingthrough.Thenyouwillgettheideaofhowtocheerthem.Besides,alwaysencourageothers.Whenpeopletalkabouttheirdreams,tellthemit'spossiblethatalldreamscancometrue.So,lovingothersinthiswaywillmakethemfeelgoodenough.(1)Whatdoes"beinggoodenough"mean?(2)TranslatetheunderlinedsentenceintoChinese.(3)Whatshouldyoudotomakeyourselfabetterversion?(4)Listtwosuggestionsmentionedtohelpothersfeelgoodenough.a.b.(5)Giveapropertitletothepassage.（2021·山東德州市·真題）世界衛(wèi)生組織和聯(lián)合國兒童基金會將生活技能（lifeskills）作為全球青少年兒童發(fā)展的重要主題之一。請根據(jù)圖中提示寫一篇英語短文，描述作為青少年，你們應(yīng)提高哪些及如何提高自己的生活技能。除了提示中的內(nèi)容，請你至少再補(bǔ)充一條。要求：1.語言通順，要點(diǎn)齊全，意思連貫，條理清楚，書寫規(guī)范；2.文中不得出現(xiàn)真實(shí)的姓名和學(xué)校名稱；3.80~100詞，文章開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。Lifeskillsarenecessaryforus.Whatlifeskillsshouldweteenagersdevelop?Andhow?Hereismyopinion.Allinall,ifwetryourbesttoimprovetheselifeskills,wewillleadahappier,andhealthierlife.

答案1.【答案】(1)D(2)C(3)B(4)B(5)D【解析】(1)文章講述了快餐食物雖然好處很多，但吃多了對身體不好，所以未來可以進(jìn)行改善。詞義猜測題。根據(jù)Andstudieshaveshownthatburgersandfriedchicken,whichweenjoysomuch,cancausealotofhealthproblems.研究表明，我們非常喜歡的漢堡和炸雞會導(dǎo)致許多健康問題?？芍颂幹复拔奶岬竭^的快餐食物會導(dǎo)致很多健康問題。(2)理解判斷題。根據(jù)butnoneofthemhasevertoldandwillnevertellyouthattoomuchfastfoodisnotgoodforyourhealth但是他們中沒有人告訴過你，也永遠(yuǎn)不會告訴你吃太多快餐對你的健康不好。因此C項(xiàng)“健康的”不是快餐的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。(3)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段段意，盡管如此，為什么快餐店如此有吸引力？第一個(gè)也是最重要的原因是他們的服務(wù)速度很快。他們的員工很友好，穿著干凈明亮的制服，看起來很漂亮。而且，大多數(shù)快餐店都在人們經(jīng)常路過的地方附近。在上班的路上抓個(gè)漢堡吃是很容易的?？芍?，grab意思應(yīng)用本段想表達(dá)的速度快有關(guān)，B項(xiàng)“快速得到”符合題意。(4)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段Alotofcleverads(廣告)havemadethemthecoolestplacesintown,butnoneofthemhasevertoldandwillnevertellyouthattoomuchfastfoodisnotgoodforyourhealth.很多聰明的廣告已經(jīng)把它們變成了鎮(zhèn)上最酷的地方，但是沒有一個(gè)廣告曾經(jīng)也永遠(yuǎn)不會告訴你吃太多快餐對你的健康有害。可知，廣告沒有告訴你真相。(5)推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段段意，因此，與其抵制快餐店，不如說服他們改變他們的菜單!當(dāng)你想吃對身體有好處的東西時(shí)，快餐店可以是你去的地方。如果他們能把健康的食物和他們的服務(wù)速度、美味的味道和舒適的感覺結(jié)合起來，那將是地球上人類的下一個(gè)最好的事情?？芍髡呓ㄗh讓快餐對健康有益。【知識點(diǎn)】細(xì)節(jié)理解、議論文、食物與飲料(Foodanddrinks)、推理判斷2.【答案】(1)A(2)B(3)D(4)D(5)C【解析】(1)這是一篇健康環(huán)保類閱讀。文章主要通過提出建議告訴孩子們?nèi)绾伪Ｗo(hù)地球。一、節(jié)約能源或者水；二、成為一個(gè)倡導(dǎo)者；三、減少或者重復(fù)利用資源；四、友好對待野生動物。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Onafineandclearday,hangthingsoutsidetodry!可知為了節(jié)約能源或者水，最好在太陽底下曬干東西。(2)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Ittakeslotsofpeopleworkingtogethertomakechangeshappen—soshare,share,share!可知為了號召更多人一起努力，你應(yīng)該成為一個(gè)倡導(dǎo)者，與他人分享知識。(3)詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“wildlifecanhearitcomingandmaketheirescape”可知給貓戴上鈴鐺的目的是讓野生動物可以聽到貓靠近的聲音然后逃跑，說明這里的野生動物是比較弱小的。(4)目的意圖題。根據(jù)weknowhowmuchyouwanttomakeapositive(積極的)differencetoourworld!So,readontofindouthowtoprotectourearth…可知這篇文章的目的是告訴孩子們?nèi)绾伪Ｗo(hù)地球。(5)文章來源題。根據(jù)文章開頭的網(wǎng)站地址可知這篇文章出自某個(gè)網(wǎng)站?！局R點(diǎn)】細(xì)節(jié)理解、主旨大意、推理判斷、猜測詞義、應(yīng)用文、環(huán)境保護(hù)(Environmentalprotection)3.【答案】(1)A(2)C(3)A(4)C(5)B【解析】(1)本文主要介紹了早期人類社會的發(fā)展。細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)第一段However,theyleftbehindmanypaintingsonthewallsofthecaves(洞穴)wheretheylived.Thesepaintingstellabouttheirlife,andweknowtheseearlyhumanswalkedonfourlimbs(四肢)likeapes(猿).Also,theydidnotliveatoneplacebutmovedfromplacetoplaceinsearchoffoodandwater.然而，在他們居住過的洞穴里的墻上他們留下了很多繪畫，這些繪畫講了他們的生活，而且我們知道這些早期人類像猿一樣用四肢行走。同樣，他們也沒有定居在一個(gè)地方而是從一個(gè)地方到另一個(gè)地方尋找食物和水，據(jù)此判斷早期人類的繪畫并沒有告訴我們第一個(gè)人類是什么時(shí)候出現(xiàn)的，故選A。(2)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段Also,theydidnotliveatoneplacebutmovedfromplacetoplaceinsearchoffoodandwater.同樣，他們也沒有定居在一個(gè)地方而是從一個(gè)地方到另一個(gè)地方尋找食物和水，可知早期人類搬遷是為了尋找食物和水，故選C。(3)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段Withfire,earlyhumanscouldlightupdarkcaves.Theycouldkeepthemselveswarmduringcoldweatherandcookmeat.Alsothefirecoulddriveanimalsaway.可知有了火，早期人類可以照亮黑暗的洞穴?？梢栽诤涞奶鞖獗Ｅ⑶易鋈馐?，同樣火可以驅(qū)趕動物，故選A。(4)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段Withthebeginningoffarming,earlyhumansbegantosettledown(定居).隨著農(nóng)耕的開始，早期人類開始定居，可知早期人類知道如何農(nóng)耕時(shí)開始在一個(gè)地方生活，故選C。(5)細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)第四段Thefirstfirethatearlyhumansnoticedwasnaturalfirecausedbylightning早期人類發(fā)現(xiàn)的第一次火是閃電引起的自然火，B選項(xiàng)描述與原文相符，因此正確，故選B?！局R點(diǎn)】細(xì)節(jié)理解、歷史(History)、記敘文4.【答案】(1)A(2)B(3)B(4)C(5)A【解析】(1)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ItistruethatTheRedVineyardistheonlypaintingsoldduringVanGogh'slifetime,andthatwasofficially(官方地)recordedandacceptedbytheartworld.可知誠然，《紅葡萄園》是梵高有生之年唯一售出的畫作，這是官方的說法并被藝術(shù)界所記錄和接受。(2)推理判斷題。根據(jù)AndVanGoghhimselfwouldoftentradehispaintingsforfoodorartsupplies(美術(shù)用品)whenhewasyounger.可知梵高年輕的時(shí)候。他本人也經(jīng)常用繪畫來換取食物或美術(shù)用品；因此可知梵高那時(shí)很窮。(3)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)published(出版)manyofVanGogh'sletterstohisbrother.出版了許多梵高寫給他哥哥的信?？芍蟾呓o他哥哥寫了許多信。(4)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Heleftalargecollectionofarttohiswife,who"soldsomeofVanGogh'sworks,lentasmanyasshecouldtoexhibitions,andpublished(出版)manyofVanGogh'sletterstohisbrother.Withouther,VanGoghwouldneverhavebecomeasfamousasheistoday.可知他把一大批藝術(shù)收藏品留給了妻子，妻子賣掉了梵高的一些作品，盡可能多地借給展覽，并且出版許多梵高寫給他哥哥的信。沒有她，梵高永遠(yuǎn)不會像今天這樣出名。因此可知梵高哥哥的妻子是使梵高如此出名的最重要的人。(5)主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是根據(jù)Althoughit'ssaidVanGogh(梵高)(1853-1890)soldonlyonepaintingduringhislifetime,differenttheories(理論)exist(存在).可知雖然據(jù)說梵高（1853-1890）一生只賣出了一幅畫，但是不同的理論和說法仍然存在；同時(shí)結(jié)合下文可知，本文主要講述了梵高一生中是否只賣過一幅畫?！局R點(diǎn)】細(xì)節(jié)理解、主旨大意、推理判斷、記敘文、藝術(shù)(Arts)5.【答案】(1)C(2)B(3)F(4)A(5)D【解析】(1)短文講了住在馬里蘭州的曼努埃爾·維拉，詳細(xì)地介紹了他的關(guān)于自行車的回憶。根據(jù)前句“Hethinksthathomesmustbefullofoldbikesbecausebikesaregoodmemoriesofhomeandlove.他認(rèn)為家里一定裝滿了舊自行車，因?yàn)樽孕熊囀羌液蛺鄣拿篮没貞洝！笨芍f的是美好的回憶，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，應(yīng)說那使他想起了他的童年。(2)根據(jù)后句“Icouldgowherevermybikemighttakeme.我可以騎自行車去任何地方。”可知說的是作者自己騎自行車，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，應(yīng)說我自己騎自行車是一件令人驚訝的事。(3)根據(jù)后句“Childrengrowupanddon'tneedthemanymore.Somepeoplestopridingthembecauseofmorecars.孩子們長大了，不再需要他們了。有些人因?yàn)楦嗟能嚩辉衮T他們了?！笨芍f的是自行車消失，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，應(yīng)說隨著時(shí)間的推移，自行車正在人們的生活中消失。(4)根據(jù)后句“Hewouldtrytogettheseoldbikesbackontheroad.In2020,hesentamessagetohisneighbors.Itsaidhewouldfixtheirbikesforfree，他會設(shè)法讓這些舊自行車重新上路。2020年，他給鄰居發(fā)了一條信息，說他將免費(fèi)修理他們的自行車。”可知說的是一個(gè)主意，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，應(yīng)說他想到了一個(gè)主意。(5)根據(jù)后句“Heaskedifpeoplehadunusedbikesinthemessage.Hewouldfixthemupandgivethemaway.他在留言中問人們是否有未使用的自行車。他會把它們修好并送人?！笨芍f的是另一個(gè)想法，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，應(yīng)說一月份，他又發(fā)了另一條消息?！局R點(diǎn)】細(xì)節(jié)理解、記敘文、其他人(Otherpeople)6.【答案】(1)first(2)surprise(3)immediately(4)Although(5)sunny(6)ourselves(7)like(8)faces(9)better(10)what【解析】(1)本文說的是作者在生日那天完成了自己長久以來的心愿——去公園劃船。短文記敘了事情發(fā)生的經(jīng)過?？疾樾驍?shù)詞。根據(jù)上文“IkeepanumberoflistsaboutthingsIwanttodo,placesIwanttosee,andfoodIwanttoeat”可知，我保存著很多清單，上面寫著我想去做的事情，我想去看的地方和我想吃的食物。長期以來（長達(dá)七年），去公園劃船總是成為這些清單上我最想做的事情。first第一；最……的。(2)考查名詞。根據(jù)語境可知句意是，令我吃驚和高興的是，在我生日的早晨，這三者一起來了。toone'ssurprise令某人吃驚的是。(3)考查副詞。根據(jù)語境可知句意是，早飯后，喬丹和我立刻向公園走去。應(yīng)填副詞immediately，作為狀語，表示“立刻”。(4)考查連詞。根據(jù)語境可知句意是，雖然秋天的色彩并沒有達(dá)到頂峰，但是秋天的風(fēng)景仍然值得看。應(yīng)填連詞although，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，表示“雖然……但是”。(5)考查形容詞。根據(jù)語境可知句意是，天氣晴朗，風(fēng)兒很輕柔。應(yīng)填形容詞sunny，作為表語，表示“晴朗的”。(6)考查代詞。根據(jù)語境可知句意是，我們有限的劃船技巧給予我們自嘲的理由。應(yīng)填代詞ourselves，作為介詞at的賓語，表示主語和這個(gè)賓語是同一人，其意思是“我們自己”。(7)考查介詞。根據(jù)語境可知句意是，水面平靜而清澈，在船下面像一面鏡子。應(yīng)填介詞like，和后面的幫助組成介賓結(jié)構(gòu)，充當(dāng)狀語。意思是“像……一樣”。(8)考查名詞。根據(jù)語境可知句意是，從水中，我們可以看到小船的倒影和我們的笑臉。應(yīng)填face的復(fù)數(shù)，和前面的reflections作為并列賓語，表示“面孔”這個(gè)整體事物。(9)考查形容詞。根據(jù)語境可知句意是，在我生日這天，我想不到一種比這更能讓我感到放松的更好的方法。應(yīng)填better，作為定語，表示“更好的”。(10)考查代詞。根據(jù)應(yīng)填代詞what，和后面的不定式組成“疑問代詞（副詞）+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)，充當(dāng)賓語，且what在這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)中充當(dāng)do的邏輯賓語，其意思是“什么”，即“要做的事情”。句意：下一步你是否已經(jīng)決定了做你清單上的什么事情？【知識點(diǎn)】although、戶外活動(Outdooractivities)、like(像,比如)、better、toone'ssurprise、whattodo、immediately、sunny、face、ourselves、first、記敘文7.【答案】(1)saw(2)musthelp(3)tohelp(4)was(5)waslooking(6)waschecked(7)hasmade(8)traveling；travelling(9)willdo(10)feel【解析】(1)本文說的是一個(gè)女孩搶救一只受傷的天鵝的故事。她只是一個(gè)代表，像這樣的人有很多。考查動詞。根據(jù)語境可知句意是，她看到一只天鵝躺在河邊。本句是seesbdoingsth句型，意思是“看到某人正在做某事”，且事情發(fā)生在過去，故用一般過去時(shí)。(2)考查動詞。根據(jù)上文“shefoundthatitwashurt”可知，因?yàn)樗l(fā)現(xiàn)它受傷了，所以她說：“我必須幫助它，否則它會死掉?！?3)考查不定式。根據(jù)語境可知句意是，艾里爾把自己的夾克包住鳥的頭部，以便幫它鎮(zhèn)定下來。應(yīng)填tohelp，作為目的狀語。(4)考查動詞。根據(jù)上文“WhatdoIdonow”可知，現(xiàn)在我該怎么辦？她的最佳選擇是康復(fù)中心。故填was，構(gòu)成一般過去時(shí)，意思是“是”。(5)考查動詞。根據(jù)語境可知句意是，幸運(yùn)的是，正當(dāng)她在附近需求幫助時(shí)，一些陌生人開車經(jīng)過。lookfor尋找。應(yīng)填waslooking，構(gòu)成過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，表示過去某時(shí)正在發(fā)生的動作。(6)考查動詞。根據(jù)語境可知句意是，在那里，天鵝得到檢查、治療，并且受到很好的照顧。check檢查。主語和動詞check（即后面的treat和taken）是動賓關(guān)系，故用被動語態(tài)；事情發(fā)生在過去，故用一般過去時(shí)。(7)考查動詞。根據(jù)語境可知句意是，到現(xiàn)在為止，這只鳥在那里已經(jīng)結(jié)交了很多朋友。makefriends交朋友。根據(jù)句中時(shí)間狀語“Bynow”可知，本句為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。(8)考查動名詞。根據(jù)語境可知句意是，艾里爾花費(fèi)兩小時(shí)通過步行、乘車和坐地鐵來旅行。travel旅行。本句是spendsometimedoingsth句型，意思是“花費(fèi)時(shí)間做某事”。(9)考查動詞。根據(jù)語境可知句意是，如果有只鳥處于危險(xiǎn)中，我會盡自己所能去做一切。do做。從句是條件句，是用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來時(shí)，而主句則應(yīng)為一般將來時(shí)。(10)考查動詞。根據(jù)語境可知句意是，我總是因此而感到高興。feel感到。本句說的是現(xiàn)在經(jīng)常發(fā)生的事情，故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)?！局R點(diǎn)】travel、