精選江西理工大學研究生學位英語試卷

江西理工大學研究生學位英語試卷江西理工大學碩士研究生學位英語考試樣卷〔新〕PARTI:Writing(25%)SectionA:LetterWriting(10%)Supposeyouwanttostudyinafamousforeignuniversity.Writealetterofapplicationforit〔about100words〕SectionB:AbstractWriting(15%)Directions:ReadthefollowingChinesetextandwriteanabstractofitin80-100Englishwords.倫敦市長懇請金融城員工把獎金捐贈給藝術領域，否那么這座都市最重要的一種魅力可能遭到破壞。新發(fā)布的數(shù)據(jù)顯示，商界對文化領域的投資正不斷減少。私人部門對藝術的支持——包括個人捐贈——于2023年到達了6.86億英鎊的峰值水平，但昨日發(fā)布的數(shù)據(jù)顯示，商界投資額在去年下降了7%。一家推動藝術贊助的咨詢機構——藝術與商業(yè)〔Arts&Business〕的一項調(diào)查顯示，倫敦70%的藝術機構稱，來自商界的資助額有所減少。然而，倫敦市長在維多利亞和阿爾伯特博物館〔VictoriaandAlbertMuseum〕向藝術界領袖發(fā)表演講時表示，在經(jīng)濟衰退期間，投資于藝術“比任何時候都更為重要〞。他表示：“藝術和文化不是奢侈品，而是這座城市DNA的一局部，是人們愿意來此生活和工作的原因。每10名游客中就有7名表示，這是他們來此游覽的一個原因。離開倫敦的藝術，倫敦就不能稱其為倫敦。〞倫敦市長的呼吁得到了老維克劇院〔OldVic〕藝術總監(jiān)凱文斯佩西〔KevinSpacey〕的支持，他表示：“我在這里住了7年，我真誠地相信，英國在藝術和文化領域的卓越成就，是這個國家最強大的天然資源之一，但許多藝術機構正舉步維艱。如果沒有政治意愿，以及企業(yè)和公眾的支持，它們將很難生存下去。〞倫敦市長敦促藝術界領袖去認識到，英國文化機構的成功運作對經(jīng)濟有一定的影響力。在英國，公共部門對戲劇產(chǎn)業(yè)的投資額為1.213億英鎊，但該產(chǎn)業(yè)卻為英國創(chuàng)造了26億英鎊的收入。大倫敦地區(qū)政府〔GreaterLondonAuthority〕估計，商業(yè)創(chuàng)意產(chǎn)業(yè)為倫敦提供了50萬個就業(yè)崗位，創(chuàng)造了200億英鎊的增加值。PARTII:Listening〔25%〕SectionA:ListeningComprehension:(10%)Inthissectionyouwillhearsomeshortconversationsandlongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestion,therewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkeda),b),c),andd),anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.1.[A]Themanisthemanageroftheapartmentbuilding.[B]Thewomanisverygoodatbargaining.[C]Thewomanwillgettheapartmentrefurnished.[D]Themanislookingforanapartment.2.[A]Howthepictureswillturnout.[B]Wherethebotanicalgardenis.[C]Whatthemanthinksoftheshots.[D]Whythepicturesarenotready.3.[A]Thereisnoreplacementforthehandle.[B]Thereisnomatchforthesuitcase.[C]Thesuitcaseisnotworthfixing.[D]Thesuitcasecanbefixedintime.4.[A]Heneedsavehicletobeusedinharshweather.[B]Hehasafairlylargecollectionofqualitytrucks.[C]Hehashadhistruckadaptedforcoldtemperatures.[D]Hedoesroutinetruckmaintenanceforthewoman.5.[A]Shecannotstandherboss’sbadtemper.[B]Shehasoftenbeencriticizedbyherboss.[C]Shehasmadeuphermindtoresign.[D]Sheneverregretsanydecisionsshemakes.6.[A]Lookforashirtofamoresuitablecolorandsize.[B]Replacetheshirtwithoneofsomeothermaterial.[C]Visitadifferentstoreforasilkorcottonshirt.[D]Getadiscountontheshirtsheisgoingtobuy.7.[A]Ata“LostandFound〞.[B]Atareceptiondesk.[C]Atatradefair.[D]Atanexhibition.

8.[A]Repairitandmovein.[B]Passitontohisgrandson.[C]Convertitintoahotel.[D]Sellitforagoodprice.Questions9to10arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.9.[A]Uniquedescriptiveskills.[B]Goodknowledgeofreaders’tastes.[C]Colourfulworldexperiences.[D]Carefulplottingandclueing.10.[A]Apeacefulsetting.[B]Aspaciousroom.[C]Tobeintherightmood[D]Tobeentirelyalone.SectionB:Notetaking(15%)Inthispart,youwillhearapassagetwice.Afterthefirsttime,therewillbeapauseof30seconds.Pleasetryyourbesttowritedownthemainideaand4detailsofthepassage.Thenlistenagainandcheckyouranswers.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.〔附：SectionB錄音文字稿〕CampuscollaborationForeignuniversitiesfindworkinginChinaharderthantheyexpectedLIKEtheircounterpartsaroundtheworldinjustaboutanyotherindustry,administratorsinhighereducationintheWestcanbeforgivenforlookingatthewritingonthewallandseeingChinesecharacters.Whetherforthenarrowpurposeofgeneratingrevenueorthebroadergoalofengagingmoredeeplywitharapidlyemergingandevermoreimportantnation,foreignuniversitiesarescramblingtorecruitinChinaaswellastoestablishorexpandtheirpresencethere.Britain’sLancasterUniversity,NewYork’sJuilliardSchool,whichspecializesinmusic,andDukeUniversityinNorthCarolina,arejustthelatestforeigninstitutionstopileintoanalreadycrowdedmarketplace.Otherco-operativeandexchangeprogrammesinhighereducationarebeingannouncedalmosteverymonth.SomerecruitChinesestudentstoforeignuniversities,orforeignstudentstoChineseones.Otherstaketheformofresearchfacilitiesoracademic-exchangecentres.Someofferdualdegrees.Themostambitiousinvolvebuilding,staffingandoperatingsatellitecampusesinChina.NoneofthemfindsiteasytoworkwithanacademicsystemwhosestandardsandvaluesaresodifferentfromthoseintheWest.NotleastofthehurdlesismaintainingscholarlyindependenceinChina’srestrictivepoliticalenvironment.ThecollapseofaBeijing-basedundergraduateprogrammejointlyrunbytwoeliteinstitutions—YaleUniversityinAmericaandPekingIn2023lessthanayearaftertheprogrammewaslaunched,avisitingYalefacultymember,StephenStearns,wroteanopenlettercomplainingabouttherampantplagiarismheclaimedwasbeingcommittedbymanyofhisChinesestudents.“WhenastudentIamteachingstealswordsandideasfromanauthorwithoutacknowledgment,Ifeelcheated,〞saidMrStearns.“Iaskmyself,whyshouldIteachpeoplewhoknowinglydeceiveme?〞HeaddedthatsuchpracticesappearedtobewidelytoleratedbyChineseacademics,andsuggestedthatthenationhadlostitsway.However,Yale’sexperiencehasnotdeterredothersfromcomingin,withstrongencouragementfromtheChinesegovernment.Officialshopesuchventureswillstopacademictalentmovingabroad,andpushChineseuniversitiestoimprove.Butplagiarism,falsecredentialsandresearch,andcheatingontests,remainobstaclesforforeignuniversitiesinChina.“AcademiccultureinChinaissuchthatthekindofvaluesystemwehaveinplaceisnotpartofthewoodworkhere,〞saysDenisSimon,whooverseesArizonaStateUniversity’sdealingswithChina.InthepastyearthenumberofChineseinstitutionsparticipatinginArizonaState’sdual-degreeprogramme,whichallowsparticipatingstudentstogainanAmericanandaChinesedegree,hasrisenfromthreeto33.About95%ofstudentsachievethegradestheyneedtoenterthefifthyearofstudythatresultsinamaster’sdegreefromThathighsuccessrate,MrSimonsays,requiresheavyinvestmentinsendingacademicstafftoChinatoscreencandidates.“Wewanthigh-qualitypeoplewithgoodEnglishandtheabilitytopay.Giventheleveloffraudandfakedocuments,itisworththebiginvestmentittakesforustodoitthisway,〞hesays.ForeignscholarscollaboratingwithinstitutionsinChinasometimesfretabouthowtohandlepoliticallysensitivetopicsorcurriculummaterials.DaliYang,whoheadsaresearchandconferencecentreinBeijingrunbytheUniversityofInNovemberLeeBollinger,thepresidentofColumbiaUniversityinNewYork,saidhisinstitution’sacademiccentreinBeijing,whichopenedin2023,wouldupholdacademic“freedomandopenness〞.Headdedthatifanythingthreatenedtocompromiseits“fundamentalvalues〞,ColumbiawouldhavetoleaveChina.PARTIII:ReadingComprehension〔25%〕Passage1(10%):Itdoesn’tcomeasasurprisetoyoutorealizethatitmakesnodifferencewhatyoureadtostudyifyoucan’trememberit.Youjustwasteyourvaluabletime.Maybeyouhavealreadydiscoveredsomecleverwaystokeepyourselffromforgetting.Onedependableaidthatdoeshelpyourememberwhatyoustudyistohaveaspecificpurposeorreasonforreading.Yourememberbetterwhatyoureadwhenyouknowwhyyouarereading.Whydoesaclerkinastoregoawayandleaveyouwhenyourreplytoheroffertohelpis“No,thankyou,I’mjustlooking〞?Bothyouandsheknowthatifyouaren’tsurewhatyouwant,youarenotlikelytofindit.Butsupposeyoumaysayinstead,“Yes,Iwantapairofsunglasses.〞Shesays,“Rightthisway,please.〞Andyouandsheareoff—botheagertolookforexactlywhatyouwant.Ifyouarelookingfornothinginparticular,youarelikelytogetjustthat—nothing.Butifyoudoknowwhatyouwant,andifyouhavetherightbook,youarealmostsuretogetit.Yourreasonswillvary—theywillincludereadingorstudying“tofindoutmoreabout〞,“tounderstandthereasonsfor〞,and“tofindouthow〞.Agoodstudenthasaclearpurposeorreasonforwhatheisdoing.Thatisthewayitworks.Beforeyoustarttostudy,yousaytoyourselfsomethinglikethis,“IwanttoknowwhyStephenVincentBenethappenedtowriteaboutAmerica.I’mreadingthisarticletofindabout〞or,“I’mgoingtoskimthisstorytoseewhatlifewaslikeinmedievalEngland〞.Becauseyouknowwhyyouarereadingorstudying,yourelatetheinformationtoyourpurposeandrememberitbetter.Readingisnotonesingleactivity.Atleasttwoimportantprocessesgoonatthesametime.Asyouread,youtakeinideasrapidlyandaccurately.Butatthesametimeyouexpressyourownideastoyourselfasyoureacttowhatyouread.Youhaveakindofmentalconversationwiththeauthor.Ifyouexpressedyourideasorally,theymightsoundlikethis:“Yes,Iagree.That’smyopiniontoo〞or“Umm,Ithoughtthatrecordwasbrokenmuchearlier.I’dbettercheckthosedates,〞or“Buttherearesomeotherfactstobeconsidered!〞Youdon’tjustsittheretakinginideas—youdosomethingelse,andthatsomethingelseisveryimportant.Thistraditionalprocessofthinkingaboutwhatyoureadincludesevaluatingit,relatingittowhatyoualreadyknow,andusingitforyourownpurposes.Inotherwords,agoodreaderisacriticalreader.Onepartofcriticalreading,asyouhavediscovered,isdistinguishingbetweenfactsandopinions.Factscanbecheckedbyevidence.Opinionsareone’sownpersonalreactions.Anotherpartofcriticalreadingisjudgingsources.Stillanotherpartisdrawingaccurateinferences.1.Ifyoucannotrememberwhatyoureadorstudy,____________［A］itisnothingoutoftheordinary.［B］itmeansyouhavenotreallylearnedanything.［C］itmeansyouhavenotchosentherightbook.［D］yourealizeitisofnoimportance.2.Theauthormentions“aclerk〞inParagraph3to_____________［A］showthataclerkisusuallyveryhelpful.［B］indicatetheimportanceofreadingwithapurpose.［C］suggestaclerkmaybeasforgetfulasyouare.［D］exemplifytheharmoniousrelationshipbetweenclerkandcustomer.3.Beforeyoustartreading,itisimportantto________________［A］chooseaninterestingbook.［B］relatetheinformationtoyourpurpose.［C］rememberwhatyouread.［D］makesurewhyyouarereading.4.Readingactivityinvolves_____________［A］onlytwosimultaneousprocess.［B］primarilylearningaboutideasandevaluatingthemcritically.［C］merelydistinguishingbetweenfactsandopinions.［D］mainlydrawingaccurateinferences.5.Agoodreaderisonewho____________［A］relateswhathereadstohisownknowledgeaboutthesubjectmatter.［B］doeslotsofthinkinginhisreading.［C］takesacriticalattitudeinhisreading.［D］isabletocheckthefactspresentedagainstwhathehasalreadyknown.Passage2(15%):Scientistshavediscoveredstrandsofgeneticcodelinkedtoshortsight,themostcommoneyedisorderintheworld.Thefindingsshedlightonwhatgoesawry〔出錯的〕tomakedistantobjectslookblurred,andraisestheprospectofdevelopingdrugstopreventthecondition.Understandingthebiologicalglitches〔故障〕behindshort-sightednesscouldhelpresearchersdevelopeyedropsortabletsthatcouldbegiventochildrentostoptheirvisionfromfailingastheygetolder.Short-sightednessusuallystartstomanifestearlyoninlife.Theextenttowhichgenesaretoblamevaries,butforthosewiththeworstvision,around80%oftheconditioniscausedbygeneticfactors.Twoseparatestudies,publishedinNatureGeneticsjournal,foundvariationsinDNAweremorecommoninpeoplewithshortsight.ChrisHammond,atKing'sCollege,London,foundonesectionofDNAonchromosome15wasmorecommoninpeoplewithshortsight.CarolineKlaver,atErasmusMedicalCentreinRotterdam,foundanotherstrand,alsoonchromosome15,linkedtoshortsight.ThevariationsinDNAamounttomisspellingsinthegeneticcode.Thesealtertheactivityofthreegenesthatcontrolthegrowthoftheeyeballandensurelightenteringtheeyeisconvertedintoelectricalpulsesintheretina〔視網(wǎng)膜〕．Thediscoveryhelpsscientistspiecetogetherhowahealthyeyebecomesshort-sightedandpointsthewaytomedicinestopreventitinchildren."Myhopeisthatwecanidentifyapathwaythatwecanblockwitheyedropsortabletsthatwillstoptheeyegrowingtoomuchandwithoutinterferingwithnormalbraindevelopmentorotherprocessesinthebody,"HammondtoldtheGuardian.Treatingshortsightinadultsisamuchtougherjob,astheireyeballshavealreadygrowntoolong.Childrenwhoinheritgenesforshortsightarenotdestinedtohavepoorvision.In2023,KathrynRoseattheUniversityofSydneylookedatratesofshort-sightednessinChineseschoolchildrenlivingin