語(yǔ)言學(xué)小論文

。。AboutWordFormationAsanEnglishlearner,everyoneofusknowstheimportanceofthevacabularywehaveacquired.Althoughweknowwheretheproblemis,vocabularyisstillabigchalengeformostofus.Althoughwehadbeengivenagreatmanysuggestionsofhowtoexpandourvocabulary,problemisstillproblem.Thenatsometime,weweretoughtthewordformation,actuallyIdidnotthinkgoodofituntilIlearneditindetailedlyinthecourseofLinguistics.Afterlearningthat,Iknowmoreclearlyaboutthewaysofwordformation.Asasubject,wordformationisabranchoflexicologywhichstudiesthepatternsonwhichalanguage,inthiscase,theEnglish,coinsnewwords.Initsrestrictedsense,wordformationreferstotheprocessofhowwordsareformed.Voriouswaysofformingwordscanbeclassifiedonthebasisoffrequencyofusage,intomajorprocessesorminorprocesses.Themajorprocessesarecompounding,derivation.Thereare7minorprocesses,namely,invention,blending,abbreviation,acronymy,back-formation,analogicalcreationandborrowing.ThetermCOMPOUNDreferstothosewordsconsistsofmorethanonelexicalmorpheme,orthewaytojointwoseparatewordstoproduceasingleform,suchaswindmill,brainwash,maneating,throughout.DERIVATION,differentfromcompunds,referstotheprocessbywhichnewwordsareformedbytheadditionofaffixestotheroots,stems,orwords.Forexample,hospital+ize-----hospitalize;speech+less----speechless;deaf+en----deafen;non+smoker----nonsmoker;il+logical----illogocal;dis+obey----disobeyandsoon.Afterlearningderivation,weknow,inmostcases,prefixeschangethemeaningofthebasewhereassuffixeschangetheword-classofthebase.Wordformsthatcomefromcompoundingandderivationarerelativelylargeandpotentiallyopen.Likementionedabove,thereareseveralminorprocessestocreatnewwords.Firstly,inventionmeansthatsomewordswhichcomefrommoderntechnologiesandeconomicactivities,suchasKodak,Coke,nylon,andotherstosatisfythenewsituations.Sencondly,blendingisarelativelycomplexformofcompounding.Forexamplesmoke+fog----smog.Thirdly,abbreviationandacronymaretwofrequent-usedways,forinstance,bicycleabbreviatedtoad,WorldBankbreviariedtoWB.Fourthly,back-formationisanunusualabnormalwayofwordformation.Forexample,gangling----gangle,editor----edit,andsoon.Analogicalcreation’sprinciplecanaccountforthecoexistenceoftwoforms,regularandirregular,inthecombinationofsomeEnglishverbs.Forinstance,thewordwork,itsoldpasttenseiswroght,andthenewoneisworked.LastborrowingliketofufromChinese,China-townfromSpanishandChineserepectively,etc.Thetwomajortypestogetherwiththoseminortypesarethemeansbywhich精選資料，歡迎下載。newwordsarecreatedinEnglishlanguage.Aknowledgeofwordformationisoneofthemost