培訓(xùn)師競(jìng)聘課件四級(jí)真題2007年12月

recognizethelinkbetweeninvestmentinscienceandnationaleconomicstrength,butsupportforresearchfundinghasbeenunsteady.ThebudgetoftheNationalInstitutesofHealthdoubledbetween1998and2003,buthasrisenmoreslowlythaninflationsincethen.Supportforthephysicalsciencesandengineeringbarelykeptpacewithinflationduringthatsameperiod.Theattempttomakeuplostgroundis e,butthenationwouldbebetterservedbysteady,predictableincreasesinsciencefundingattherateoflong-termGDPgrowth,whichisontheorderofinflationplus3percentperyear.Americanpoliticianshavegreatdifficultyrecognizingthatadmittingmoreforeignstudentscangreatlypromotethenationalinterestbyincreasinginternationalunderstanding.Adjustedforinflation,publicfundingforinternationalexchangesandforeign-languagestudyiswellbelowthelevelsof40yearsago.InthewakeofSeptember11,changesinthevisaprocesscausedadramaticdeclineinthenumberofforeignstudentsseekingadmissiontoU.S.universities,andacorrespondingsurgeinenrollmentsinAustralia,SingaporeandtheU.K.ObjectionsfromAmericanuniversityandbusinessleadersledtoimprovementsintheprocessandareversalofthedecline,buttheUnitedStatesisstillseenbymanyas ingtointernationalstudents.MostAmericansrecognizethatuniversitiescontributetothenation’swell-beingthroughtheirscientificresearch,butmanyfearthatforeignstudentsthreatenAmericancompetitivenessbytakingtheirknowledgeandskillsbackhome.TheyfailtograspthatingforeignstudentstotheUnitedStateshastwoimportantpositiveeffects:first,theverybestofthemstayintheStatesand—likeimmigrantsthroughouthistory—strengthenthenation;andsecond,foreignstudentswhostudyintheUnitedStates ambassadorsformanyofitsmostcherished(珍視)valueswhentheyreturnhome.Oratleasttheyunderstandthembetter.InAmericaaselsewhere,fewinstrumentsofforeignareaseffectiveinpromotingpeaceandstabilityas inginternationaluniversityFromthefirstparagraphweknowthatpresent-dayuniversities e morepopularizedthaneverin-servicetrainingapowerfulforglobalmoreandmoreresearch-Overthepastthreedecades,theenrollmentofoverseasstudentshasincreased atanannualrateof8atanannualrateof3.9byby2.5IntheUnitedStates,howmanyofthenewlyhiredprofessorsinscienceandengineeringareforeign-HowdoYaleandHarvardpreparetheirundergraduatesforglobalTheygivethemchancesforinternationalstudyorTheyarrangeforthemtoparticipateintheErasmusTheyofferthemvariouscoursesininternationalTheyorganizeaseriesofseminarsonworldAnexampleillustratingthegeneraltrendofuniversities’globalizationis Yale’sestablishingbranchcampusesthroughouttheYale’sstudentexchangeprogramwithEuropean universitiestolaunchresearchYale’scollaborationwithFudanUniversityongeneticWhatdowelearnaboutSiliconValleyfromtheItisknowntobethebirthceItwasintentionallycreatedbyStanfordItiswheretheInternetinfrastructurewasbuiltIthousesmanycompaniesspunofffromMITandWhatissaidabouttheU.S.federalfundingforIthasincreasedby3Itdoubledbetween1998andIthasbeenunsteadyforIthasbeenmorethanThedramaticdeclineintheenrollmentofforeignstudentsintheU.S.afterSeptember11wascausedby ManyAmericansfearthatAmericancompetitivenessmaybethreatenedbyforeignstudentswhowill The ingforeignstudentscanbenefittheU.S.inthattheverybestofthemwillstayand PartIIIListeningComprehension(35SectionDirections:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD),anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.A)SheusedtobeinpoorShedidn’tdowellathighShewaspopularamongShewassomewhatA)AttheAtthe InaInabookingA)HavingconfidenceinherlinghersonnottoTeachinghersonbyAskingtheteacherforextraA)HaveashortTaketwoweeksGoonvacationwiththeContinueherworkA)HeistakingcareofhistwinHeisworriedaboutRod’sHehasbeeninperfectHehasbeenfeelingillallA)SheboughtanewsetoffurniturefromItalylastShesoldallherfurniturebeforeshemovedShenstoputallheroldfurnitureintheShestillkeepssomeoldfurnitureinhernewA)ThewomanforgotlendingthebooktotheThewomandoesn’tfindthebookusefulanyThewomandoesn’tseemtoknowwhatthebookisThewomanwonderedwhythemandidn’treturntheA)Mostoftheman’sfriendsareThemandoesn’tlooklikeaFewpeoplesharethewoman’sThewomandoubtstheman’sathleticQuestions19to22arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustA)SheisafraidthatshehaslostSheisgoingtogetitattheShehaspackeditinoneofherShehasprobablyleftitinaA)ItwillcostheraItwilllastoneItendsinItdependsontheA)ThereisalotofstufftoTheremightbeatrafficTheneistakingoffThetaxiiswaitingforA)AtIntheman’sBythesideofaAttheQuestions23to25arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustA)SheisthirstyforSheistiredofherpresentShewantsamuchhigherShewantstosavetravelA)LanguageEnvironmentalTravelA)Devotionandwork alityandinquiringCommunicationskillsandteamEducationandSectionDirections:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthePassageQuestions26to29arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustA)TheywantchildrentokeepthemTheywanttoenrichtheirlifeTheyneedlookingafterintheiroldTheycarealotaboutA)TheirbirthparentsoftentrytoconcealtheirbirthTheyareusuallyadoptedfromdistantTheirbirthinformationisusuallykeptTheiradoptiveparentsdon’twantthemtoknowtheirbirthA)TheydonotwanttohurtthefeelingsoftheiradoptiveTheyhavemixedfeelingsaboutfindingtheirnaturalTheygenerallyholdbadfeelingstowardstheirbirthTheyarefullyawareoftheexpensesinvolvedintheA)AdoptionhasmuchtodowithUnderstandingisthekeytosuccessfulMostpeopleprefertoadoptchildrenfromEarlyadoptionmakesforcloserparent-childPassageQuestions30to32arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustA)HesufferedfrommentalHeboughtTheWashingtonHewasonceareporterforamajorHeturnedafailingnewspaperintoaA)ShecommittedsuicidebecauseofhermentalShegotherfirstjobasateacherattheUniversityofShewasthefirstwomantoleadabigU.S.publishingShetookoverherfather’spositionwhenheA)KatharinehadexertedanimportantinfluenceonthePeoplecametoseetheroleofwomeninthebusinessAmericanmediawouldbequitedifferentwithoutKatharineyedamajorpartinreshaAmericans’PassageQuestions33to35arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustA)It’llallowthemto medicalIt’llpreventthedoctorsfromoverchargingIt’llenablethemtoenjoythebestmedicalIt’llprotectthemfrompossiblefinancialA)TheymaynotbeabletoreceivetimelymedicalTheycanonlyvisitdoctorswhospeaktheirnativeTheyhavetogothroughverycomplicatedapplicationTheycan’timmediaygetbackthemoneypaidfortheirmedicalA)Theymustsendthereceiptstothe TheyhavetopayamuchhigherpricetogetaninsuranceTheyneedn’tpaytheentiremedicalbillatTheydon’thavetopayforthemedicalSectionDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthemainpointsinyourownwords.Finally,whenthepassageisreadforthethirdtime,youshouldcheckwhatyouhaveMoreandmoreoftheworld’spopulationarelivingintownsorcities.Thespeedatwhichcitiesaregrowinginthelessdevelopedcountriesis(36) .Between1920and1960bigcitiesindevelopedcountries(37) twoandahalftimesinsize,butinotherpartsoftheworldthegrowthwaseighttimestheirsize.The(38) sizeofgrowthisbadenough,buttherearenowalsovery(39) signsoftroubleintheofpercentagesofpeoplelivingintownsandpercentagesofpeopleworkinginindustry.Duringthenineteenthcenturycitiesgrewasaresultofthegrowthofindustry.InEuropethe(41)ofpeoplelivingincitieswasalwayssmallerthanthatofthe(42)workinginfactories.Now,however,the(43)isalmostalwaystrueinthenewlyindustrialisedworld:(44) Withoutabaseofpeopleworkinginindustry,thesecitiescannotpayfortheirgrowth;(45)_________________________________________________________.Therehasbeenlittleopportunitytobuildwatersorotherfacilities. ,ainthenumberofhopelessanddespairingparentsandstarvingPartIVReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(25SectionDirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Questions47to56arebasedonthefollowingAswarspreadstomanycornersoftheglobe,childrensadlyhavebeendrawnintothecenterofs.InAfghanistan,Bosnia,andColombia,however,groupsofchildrenhavebeentakingpartinpeaceeducation47.Thechildren,afterlearningtoresolves,tookonthe48ofpeacemakers.TheChildren’sMovementforPeaceinColombiawasevennominated(提名)fortheNobelPeacePrizein1998.Groupsofchildren49aspeacemakersstudiedhumanrightsandpovertyissuesinColombia,formingagroupwithfiveotherschoolsinBogotaknownasTheSchoolsofTheclassroom50opportunitiesforchildrentoreceangry,violentbehaviorswith51,peacefulones.Itisintheclassroomthatcaringandrespectforeach empowerschildrentotakeastep52toward ingpeacemakers.Fortunay,educatorshaveaccesstomanyonlineresourcesthatare53usefulwhenhelchildrenalongthepathtopeace.TheYoungPeacemakersClub,startedin1992,providesaWebsitewithresourcesforteachersand54onstartingaKindnessn.TheWorldCentersofCompassionforChildrenInternationalcallattentiontochildren’srightsandhowtohelpthe55ofwar.StartingaPeacemakers’Clubisapraiseworthyventureforaclassandonethatcouldspreadtootherclassroomsandideallyaffectthecultureofthe56school.SectionDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachPassage

themtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions57to61arebasedonthefollowingInthisageofInternetchat,gamesandrealityevision,thereisnoshortageofmindlessactivitiestokeepachildoccupied.Yet,despitethecompetition,my8-year-olddaughterRebeccawantstospendherleisuretimewritingshortstories.Shewantstoenteroneofherstoriesintoawritingcontest,acompetitionshewonlastyear.AsawriterIknowaboutwinningcontests,andaboutlosingthem.Iknowwhatitisliketoworkhardonastoryonlytoreceivearejectionslipfromthepublisher.Ialsoknowthepressuresoftryingtoliveuptoareputationcreatedbypreviousvictories.Whatifshedoesn’twinthecontestagain?That’sthestrangethingaboutbeingaparent.SomanyofourownpastscarsanddashedhopescanArevelation(啟示)camelastweekwhenIaskedher,“Don’tyouwanttowinagain?”“No,”shereplied,“IjustwanttolstoryofanangelgoingtofirstIhadjustspentweekscorrectingherstoriesasshespontaneously(自發(fā)地)toldthem.lingmyselfthatIwasmerelyanexperiencedwriterguidingtheyoungwriteracrossthehall,Iofferedsuggestionsforcharacters, sandendingsforhertales.Thestoryaboutafearfulangelstartingfirstgradewasquickly“guided”bymeintothetaleofalittlegirlwithawildimaginationtakingherfirstmusiclesson.Ihadturnedhercontestintomycontestwithoutevenrealizingit.Stayingbackandgivingkidsspacetogrowisnotaseasyasitlooks.BecauseIknowverylittleaboutfarmanimalswhousetoolsorangelswhogotofirstgrade,IhadtoacceptthefactthatIwasco-opting(借用)mydaughter’sexperience.Whilestepbackwasdifficultforme,itwascertainlyagoodfirststepthatIwillquicklyfollowwithmoresteps,puttingmyselffarenoughawaytogiveherroombutcloseenoughtohelpifasked.AllthewhileIwillberemindingmyselfthatchildrenneedroomtoexperiment,growandfindtheirownvoices.WhatdowelearnfromthefirstAlotofdistractionscompeteforchildren’stimeChildrendofindlotsoffuninmanymindlessRebeccaismuchtoooccupiedtoenjoyherleisureRebeccadrawsonalotofonlinematerialsforherWhatdidtheauthorsayaboutherownwritingShewasconstantlyunderpressureofwritingMostofherstorieshadbeenrejectedbyShedidnotquiteliveuptoherreputationasaHerwaytosuccesswasfullofpainsandWhydidRebeccawanttoenterthisyear’swritingShehadwonaprizeinthepreviousShewantedtoshareherstorieswithShewassureofwinningwithhermother’sShebelievedshepossessedrealtalentforTheauthortookgreatpainstorefineherdaughter’sstoriesbecause shewantedtohelpRebeccarealizeherdream ingashewasafraidRebecca’simaginationmightrunwildwhileshedidnotwanttodisappointRebeccawhoneededherhelpsoshebelievedshehadtheknowledgeandexperiencetoofferWhat’stheauthor’sadviceforChildrenshouldbegiveneverychancetovoicetheirParentsshouldkeepaneyeontheactivitiestheirkidsengageChildrenshouldbealloweddomtogrowthroughAwritingcareer,thoughattractive,isnotforeverychildtoPassageQuestions62to66arebasedonthefollowingByalmostanymeasure,thereisaboominInternet-basedinstruction.Injustafewyears,34percentofAmericanuniversitieshavebegunofferingsomeformofdistancelearning(DL),andamongthelargerschools,it’scloserto90percent.Ifyoudoubtthepopularityofthetrend,youprobablyhaven’theardoftheUniversityofPhoenix.Itgrantsdegreesentirelyonthebasisofonlineinstruction.Itenrolls90,000students,astatisticusedtosupportitsclaimtobethelargestprivateuniversityinthecountry.Whilethekindsofinstructionofferedintheseprogramswilldiffer,DLusuallysignifiesacourseinwhichtheinstructorspostsyllabi(課程大綱),readingassignments,andschedulesonWebsites,andstudentssendintheirassignmentsbye-mail.Generallyspeaking,face-to-facecommunicationwithaninstructorisminimizedoreliminatedaltogether.Theattractionforstudentsmightatfirstseemobvious.Primarilythere’stheconveniencepromisedbycoursesontheNetyoucandothework,astheysay,inyourpajamas(睡衣).Butfiguresindicatethatthereducedeffortresultsinareducedcommitmenttothecourse.WhiledropoutratesforallfreshmenatAmericanuniversitiesisaround20percent,therateforonlinestudentsis35percent.Studentsthemselvesseemtounderstandtheweaknessesinherentinthesetup.InasurveyconductedforeCornell,theDLdivisionofCornellUniversitylessthanathirdoftherespondentsexpectedthequalityoftheonlinecoursetobeasgoodastheclassroomcourse.Clearly,fromtheschools’,there’salotofmoneytobesaved.Althoughsomeofthemoreambitiousprogramsrequirenewinvestmentsinserversandnetworkstosupportcollaborativesoftware,mostDLcoursescanrunonexistingorminimallyupgraded(升級(jí))systems.Themorestudentswhoenrollinacoursebutdon’tcometocampus,themoretheschoolsavesonkeethelightsonintheclassroomspayingdoorkeepers,andmaintainingparkinglots.And,whilethere’sevidencethatinstructorsmustworktorunaDLcourseforavarietyofreasons,theywon’tbepaidanymore,andmightwellbepaidWhatisthemoststrikingfeatureoftheUniversityofItboaststhelargestnumberofstudentsonAllitscoursesareofferedItsonlinecoursesareofthebestAnyonetakingitsonlinecoursesissuretogetaAccordingtothepassage,distancelearningisbasicallycharacterizedby aminimumortotalabsenceofface-to-faceaconsiderableflexibilityinitsacademicthegreatdiversityofstudents’academicthecasualrelationshipbetweenstudentsandManystudentstakeInternet-basedcoursesmainlybecausetheycan saveagreatdealontravelingandboardingselectcoursesfromvariouscollegesandworkontherequiredcourseswheneverandearntheiracademicdegreeswithmuchlessWhataccountsforthehighdrop-outratesforonlineThereisnomechanismtoensurethattheymaketherequiredThereisnostrictcontrolovertheacademicstandardsoftheTheevaluationsystemusedbyonlineuniversitiesisinherentlyLackofclassroominctionreducestheeffectivenessofAccordingtothepassage,universitiesshowgreatenthusiasmforDLprogramsforthepurposeof buildinguptheirupgradingtheirteachingprovidingconvenienceforcuttingdownontheirPartVCloze(15Directions:Thereare20blanksinthefollowingpassage.ForeachblanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD)ontherightsideofthepaper.YoushouldchoosetheONEthatbestfitsintothepassage.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Onefactorthatcaninfluenceconsumersistheirmoodstate.Moodmaybedefined67atemporaryandmildpositiveornegativefeelingthatisgeneralizedandnottied68anyparticularcircumstance.Moodsshouldbe69fromemotionswhichareusuallymore70tospecificcircumstancesandoftenconscious.71onesense,theeffectofaconsumer’smoodcanbethoughtofin72thesamewayascanourreactionstothe73ofourfriends—whenourfriendsarehappyand“up”,thattendstoinfluenceuspositively,74whentheyare“down”,thatcanhavea75impactonus.Similarly,consumersoperatingundera76moodstatetendtoreacttostimuli(刺激因素inadirection77withthatmoodstateThusforexample,weshouldexpecttosee78inapositivemoodstateevaluateproductsinmoreofa79mannerthantheywouldwhennotinsuchastate.80,moodstatesappearcapableof81aconsumer’sMoodsappeartobe82influencedbymarketingtechniques.Forexample,therhythm,pitch,and83ofmusichasbeenshowntoinfluencebehaviorsuchasthe84oftimespentinsupermarkets85topurchaseproducts.Inaddition,advertisingcanconsumers’moodswhich,inconsumers’reactionstoproducts.A)A)A)A)A)

86,arecapableofA)A)A)A)A)A)A)A)A)A)A)A)A)A)A)PartVITranslation(5Directions:CompletethesentencesbytranslatingintoEnglishthegiveninbrackets.PleasewriteyourtranslationAnswerSheet (多虧了一系列的新發(fā)明doctorscantreatthisdiseaseInmysixtiesonechangeInoticeisthat Iamgoingtopursuethiscourse, Iwouldprefershoponlinetoshopinadepartmentstorebecause (它更加方便和省時(shí)ManyAmericansliveoncredit,andtheirqualityoflife (是用他們能夠借到多少來(lái)衡量的nothowmuchtheycanearn.20072007年12月22日 1-7changesinthevisataketheirknowledgeandskillsbackstrengthentheDshewassomewhatBatahoAhavingconfidenceinherAhaveashortChehasbeeninperfectDshestillkeepssomeoldfurnitureinhernewAthewomanforgotlendingthebooktotheBthemandoesn’tlooklikeaCshehaspackeditinoneofherBitwilllastoneDthetaxiiswaitingforAatBsheistiredofherpresentCDeducationandDtheycarealotaboutCtheirbirthinformationisusuallykeptBtheyhavemixedfeelingsaboutfindingtheirnaturalAadoptionhasmuchtodowithBheboughtTheWashingtonCshewasthefirstwomantoleadabigU.S.AKatharinehadexertedanimportantinfluenceontheDit’llprotectthemfrompossiblefinancialDtheycan’timmediaygetbackthemoneypaidfortheirmedicalCtheyneedn’tpaytheentiremedicalThepercentageofpeoplelivingincitiesismuchhigherthanthepercentageworkinginthereisnotenoughmoneytobuildadequatehousesforthepeoplethatlivethere,letalonethenewSothefigureforthegrowthoftownsandcitiesrepresentproportionalgrowthofunemploymentandunderemployment47-51.E.projectsC.roleO.actingF.offersL.cooperative52-56.I.forwardJ.especiallyG.informationA.victimsK.B.ChildrendofindlotsoffuninmanymindlessD.HerwaytosuccesswasfullofpainsandB.ShewantedtoshareherstorieswithA.shewantedtohelpRebeccarealizeherdream ingaC.Childrenshouldbe domtogrowthroughB.AllitscoursesareofferedA.aminimumortotalabsenceofface-to-faceC.workontherequiredcourseswheneverandA.ThereisnomechanismtoensurethattheymaketherequiredD.cuttingdownontheir67.C68.B69.D70.B71.A72.C73.A74.D75.B76.C77.D78.B79.C80.A81.D82.B83.A84.C85.CAOwingtothanksto)aseriesofnewinventions(多虧了一系列的新發(fā)明），doctorscantreatthisdisease此句翻譯的關(guān)鍵是“多虧了”這個(gè)短語(yǔ)，翻譯成thanksto或owingtobecauseof或duetoInmysixtiesonechangeInoticeisthatIamapttoinclinedtobemoreeasilytiredthanbefore(我比以前更容易累此句中翻譯比較結(jié)構(gòu)不是難點(diǎn)，大家應(yīng)該都能翻，但是如果把這句簡(jiǎn)單翻譯成Ifeelmoreeasilytired得分應(yīng)該不會(huì)太I(xiàn)amgoingtopursuethiscourse,nomatterwhateversacrificesIwillmake無(wú)論我要作出什么樣的犧牲此句的難點(diǎn)在于“無(wú)論”的翻譯，nomatterwhatever是重點(diǎn)Iwouldprefershoponlinetoshopinadepartmentstorebecausethelatterismoreconvenientandtime-saving(它注意開(kāi)始的“它”如果簡(jiǎn)單翻譯成“it”會(huì)有指代不清的嫌疑，而改用theformer（前者）會(huì)更好一些。另外要注意ManyAmericansliveoncreditandtheirqualityoflifeisweigheduponhowmuchtheycanborrow(是用他們能夠借道多少來(lái)衡量的）,nothowmuchtheycanearn.此句翻譯時(shí)一定要注意和后面howmuchtheycanearn的呼應(yīng)20072007年12月22日 四 SectionAConversationsShortConversationsW:IranintoSallytheotherday.Icouldhardlyrecognizeher.Doyourememberherfromhighschool?M:Yeah,shewasalittleoutofshapebackthen.Well,hasshelostalotofweight?Q:WhatdoesthemanrememberofW:Wedon’tseemtohaveareservationforyou,sir.I’mM:Butmysecretarysaidthatshehadaroomformehere.IphonedherfromtheairportthismorningjustbeforeIgotonboardthene.Q:WheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeW:WhatwouldyoudoifyouwereinmyM:IfPaulweremyson,I’djustnotworry.Nowthathisteacherisgivinghimextrahelpandhe'sworkinghardhimself,he’ssuretodowellinthenextexam.Q:What’stheman’ssuggestiontotheM:You’vehadyourhandsfullandhavebeenoverworkedduringthelasttwoweeks.Ithinkyoureallyneedtogooutandgetsomefreshairandsunshine.W:Youareright.That’sjustwhatI’mthinkingabout.Q:Whatisthewomanmostprobablygoingtodo?W:o,John.Howareyoufeelingnow?Ihearyou’vebeenM:TheymusthaveconfusedmewithmytwinbrotherRods.He’sbeensickallweek,butI’veneverfeltbetterinmylife.Q:Whatdowelearnabouttheman?M:DidyoureallygiveawayallyourfurniturewhenyoumovedintothenewhouselastW:Justtheuselesspieces,asI’mnningtopurchaseanewsetfromItalyforthesittingroomonly.Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?M:I’vebroughtbackyourOxfordCompaniontoEnglishLiture.Ithoughtyoumightuseitforyourpaper.Sorrynottohavereturneditearlier.W:Iwaswonderingwherethatbookwas.Q:Whatcanweinferfromtheconversation?W:Tolthetruth,Tony,itneveroccurstomethatyouareanM:Oh,really?Mostpeoplewhomeetme,includingsomefriendsofmine,don’tthinksoeither.Q:Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?LongConversationsConversation1M:Mary,Ihopeyou'repackedandreadytoW:Yes,I’mpacked,butnotquiteready.Ican’tfindmypassport.M:Yourpassport?That’stheonethingyoumustn’tleaveW:Iknow.Ihaven’tlostit.I’vepackedit,butIcan’trememberwhichbagit’sin.M:Well,youhavetofinditattheairport.Comeon,thetaxiiswaiting.W:Didyousaytaxi?IthoughtweweregoinginyourM:Yes,well,Ihavennedto,butI’llexinlater.You’vegottobethereinanhour.W:Thenedoesn’tleavefortwohours.Anyway,I’mreadytogonow.M:Now,you'retakingjustonecase,isthatright?W:No,thereisoneinthehallaswell.M:Gosh,whatalotofstuff!You'retakingenoughforamonthinsteadofaweek.W:Well,youcan’tdependontheweather.Itmightbecold.M:It’snevercoldinRome.CertainlynotinMay.Comeon,wereallymustgo.W:Right,we'reready.We’vegotthebags,I’msurethere'snoneedtorush.M:Thereis.Iaskedthetaxidrivertowaittwominutes,notW:Look,I’msupposedtobegoingawaytorelax.You'remakingmenervous.M:Well,Iwantyoutorelaxonholiday,butyoucan’trelaxyet.W:OK,Ipromisenottorelax,atleastnotuntilwegettotheairportandIfindmyQuestions19-22arebasedontheconversatoinyouhavejustQ19:Whatdoesthewomansayaboutherpassport?Q20:Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman’strip?Q21:WhydoesthemanurgethewomantoQ22:WheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeConversationW:Oh,I’mfedupwithmyM:Hey,there'saperfectjobforyouinthepapertoday.Youmightbeinterested.W:Oh,whatisit?Whatdotheywant?M:Waitaminute.Uh,hereitis.TheEuropeanSpaceAgencyisrecruitingtranslators.W:TheEuropeanSpaceAgency?M:Well,that’swhatitsays.TheyneedanEnglishtranslatortoworkfromFrenchorW:SotheyneedadegreeinFrenchorGerman,Isuppose.Well,I’vegotthat.What’smore,Ihaveplentyofexperience.Whatelsearetheyaskingfor?M:Justthat.Auniversitydegreeandthreeorfouryearsofexperienceasatranslatorinaprofessionalenvironment.Theyalsosaythe shouldhavealivelyandinquiringmind,effectivecommunicationskillsandtheabilitytoworkindividuallyorasapartoftheteam.W:Well,ifIstayatmypresentjobmuchlonger,Iwon’thaveanymindorskillsleft.Bytheway,whataboutsalary?Ijusthopeitisn’tlowerthanwhatIgetnow.M:It’ssaidtobenegotiable.Itdependsontheapplicant’seducationandexperience.Inadditiontobasicsalary,there'salistofextrabenefits.Havealookyourself.W:Hm,travelandsocialsecurityplusrelocationexpensesarepaid.Hey,thisisn’tbad.IreallywanttheQuestions23-25arebasedontheconversatoinyouhavejustQ23:Whyisthewomantryingtofindanewjob?Q24:Whatpositionisbeingadvertisedinthepaper?Q25:WhatarethekeyfactorsthatdeterminethesalaryofthenewSectionBShortPassageWhencouplesgetmarried,theyusuallyntohavechildren.Sometimes,however,acouplecannothaveachildoftheirown.Inthiscase,theymaydecidetoadoptachild.Infact,adoptionisverycommontoday.Thereareabout60thousandadoptionseachyearintheUnitedStatesalone.Somepeopleprefertoadoptinfants,othersadoptolderchildren,somecouplesadoptchildrenfromtheirowncountries,othersadoptchildrenfromforeigncountries.Inanycase,theyalladoptchildrenforthesamereason careaboutchildrenandwanttogivetheiradoptedchildahappyMostadoptedchildrenknowthattheyareadopted.Psychologistsandchild-careexpertsgenerallythinkthisisagoodHowever,manyadoptedchildrenoradopteeshaveverylittleinformationabouttheirbiologicalparents.Asamatteroffact,itisoftenverydifficultforadopteestofindoutabouttheirbirthparentsbecausethebirthrecordsofmostadopteesareusuallysealed.Theinformationissecretsonoonecanseeit.Naturally,adoptedchildrenhavedifferentfeelingsabouttheirbirthparents.Manyadopteeswanttosearchforthem,butothersdonot.Thedecisiontosearchforbirthparentsisadifficultonetomake.Mostadopteeshavemixedfeelingsaboutfindingtheirbiologicalparents.Eventhoughadopteesdonotknowabouttheirnaturalparents,theydoknowthattheiradoptedparentswantthem,lovethemandwillcareforthem.Questions26-29arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustAccordingtothespeaker,whydosomecouplesadoptWhyisitdifficultforadopteestofindoutabouttheirbirthWhydomanyadopteesfindithardtomakethedecisiontosearchfortheirbirthWhatcanweinferfromthePassageKatherineGramgraduatedfromUniversityofChicagoin1938andgotajobasanewsreporterinSanFrancisco.Katherine’sfatherusedtobeasuccessfulinvestmentbanker.In1933,heboughtafailingnewspaper,theWashingtonPost.ThenKatherinereturnedtoWashingtonandgotajob,editinglettersinherfather’snewspaper.ShemarriedPhilipGram,whotookoverhisfat