高一英語主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義_第1頁
高一英語主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義_第2頁
高一英語主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義_第3頁
高一英語主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義_第4頁
高一英語主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義_第5頁
已閱讀5頁,還剩92頁未讀 繼續(xù)免費(fèi)閱讀

下載本文檔

版權(quán)說明:本文檔由用戶提供并上傳,收益歸屬內(nèi)容提供方,若內(nèi)容存在侵權(quán),請(qǐng)進(jìn)行舉報(bào)或認(rèn)領(lǐng)

文檔簡(jiǎn)介

高一英語主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義第1頁,共97頁,2023年,2月20日,星期二常見的這類under短語還有:underattack在進(jìn)攻中,underarrest在關(guān)押中,underconsideration在考慮中,underconstruction在建設(shè)中,undercontact在聯(lián)系中,underdiscussion在討論中,underexamination在審查中,underinvestigation在調(diào)查中,underrepair在修理中,underreview在審議中undertreatment在醫(yī)治中,undertrial在受審中還有一些介詞,如in,on,for,above,beyond,past,outof,within等,也可以構(gòu)成表示動(dòng)作的介詞短語。如:Thewriterhasfinishedwritinghisnovelbutitisnotyetinprint.(=…beingprinted)GrapesfromXinJiangareonsale.Hisvirtueisaboveallpraise.(=…can’tbepraisedcompletely)第2頁,共97頁,2023年,2月20日,星期二Thefellow’sinsolence傲慢isbeyondendurance.(=…can’tbeendured)Hiscarwasoutofcontrol.(=…couldnotbecontrolled)Thepainwasalmostpastbearing.(=…couldn’tbeborne)Thecityisalreadywithinsight.(=…canbeseenalready)

二、主動(dòng)形式被動(dòng)意義初學(xué)被動(dòng)語態(tài)不少同學(xué)常將應(yīng)該用主動(dòng)形式的句子錯(cuò)用為被動(dòng)形式。請(qǐng)看如下句子和兩道高考題:第3頁,共97頁,2023年,2月20日,星期二1.Thoseprogrammesareusuallyeasytoreceiveandnotdifficulttounderstand.2.Theywerestilldifficulttoreadandwereveryheavytocarry.3.Thesickwomanneeds___(MET88–2)A.LookingafterB.tobelookingafterC.tolookafterD.beinglookedafter4.Wethinkthefilmis___(MET85–1)A.worthtoseeB.worthyofseeingC.worthseeingD.worthytosee第4頁,共97頁,2023年,2月20日,星期二(一)不定式主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義

1.當(dāng)不定式用在作表語的形容詞后,在句中作狀語,而句中的主語又是不定式的邏輯賓語時(shí),通常用不定式主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。如上述句1句2。能帶主動(dòng)語態(tài)的不定式而表達(dá)被動(dòng)意義的形容詞常見的有:easy、difficult、heavy、hard、nice、bitter、dangerous、light、fit、interesting、important、expensive、comfortable、pleasant、impossible等。其句型為S+linkv+adj.+infinitive(主動(dòng)語態(tài)),類似這種貌似主動(dòng)實(shí)為被動(dòng)的系表結(jié)構(gòu)的又如以下例句。第5頁,共97頁,2023年,2月20日,星期二Habitsareeasytomakebuthardtobreak.(Habits是tomake、tobreak的邏輯賓語)。

Thewaterisfittodrink.Thepictureispleasanttolookat.2.當(dāng)不定式所修飾的名詞或代詞是動(dòng)詞的賓語,而句子的主語也是不定式的邏輯主語時(shí)。例如:

Mathildeonlyhasasmallcoldroomtolivein.(Mathilde是tolivein的邏輯主語)Heboughtsomemagazinestoread.(He是toread的邏輯主語)第6頁,共97頁,2023年,2月20日,星期二3.當(dāng)不定式所修飾的名詞或代詞,是及物動(dòng)詞的直接賓語,而間接賓語是不定式的邏輯主語時(shí)。例如:

Motheralwaysgivesherlittledaughtersomepicturebookstoread.(Herlittledaughter是toread的邏輯主語)

Theteachergavethestudentssomepapertowriteon.(Thestudents是towriteon的邏輯主語)

第7頁,共97頁,2023年,2月20日,星期二4.當(dāng)不定式所修飾的名詞或代詞,是“therebe….”結(jié)構(gòu)句中的主語時(shí)(此處用主動(dòng)或被動(dòng)式,一般說來無意義上的不同)。例如:Therearemanyproblemstoworkout.(tobeworkedout)(二)在動(dòng)詞want、need、require等后面常用動(dòng)名詞表示被動(dòng)含義,等于不定式的被動(dòng)形式。再如:

Thebikeneeds(wants)repairing(=toberepaired).自行車需要修理了。(三)worth后跟動(dòng)名詞主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng),但是不跟不定式的被動(dòng)。再如:

Thisnoveliswellworthreading。這本小說很值得閱讀。第8頁,共97頁,2023年,2月20日,星期二(四)有些動(dòng)詞不及物動(dòng)詞,只有主動(dòng)形式,常視為主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)。如:

1.takeplace、happen、breakout等。

Abigfirehappened/tookplace/brokeoutlastnight.

2.感官動(dòng)詞(taste;feel;smell;sound;look)用主動(dòng)形式表示被意思。請(qǐng)看:

Howsweetthemusicsounds!

Goodmedicinetastesbittertothemouth.3.write、read、sell、keep、prove、weigh、number、drink、wear、pay、wash、open常用主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義.請(qǐng)看下面句子:Thebooksellswell.Thedoorwillnotopen.Thisdresswashesbetter.Thesignreadsasfollows.第9頁,共97頁,2023年,2月20日,星期二狀語從句1。時(shí)間狀語從句引導(dǎo)詞:when,while,as;before,after,till/until,since;once,assoonas;bythetime;nosoonerthan,hardly…when…,scarcely…when…;each/everytime;whenever/nomatterwhen.幾個(gè)較陌生的狀語從句的用法:

before:Itis/was(not)+時(shí)+before+從句.“…久以后才,沒過多久就…Itwaslong/oneyearbeforeshecame.ItwasnotlongbeforeIforgotitall.Itwillbe4yearsbeforehegraduates.第10頁,共97頁,2023年,2月20日,星期二讓步狀語從句As,though,although;evenif,eventhough;nomatterwhat,whatever….1.as,though引導(dǎo)的從句的倒裝:Youngasheis,heknowsalot.Boyasheis,heknowsalot.MuchasIlikeit,Ican’tbuttakeit.Fastasyourun,youcan’tcatchupwithhim.Tryashedoes,shewillneverfindit.Searchastheywould,theycouldfindnosignoftheboy.1。a./n.+as+主+be,2。Adv.+as+主+v.3。實(shí)動(dòng)+as+主+助動(dòng)第11頁,共97頁,2023年,2月20日,星期二Evenif,eventhough有時(shí)用虛擬語氣EvenifIwerebusy,Iwouldgo.(事實(shí)上不忙)EvenifIambusy,Iwillgo.(事實(shí)上忙)Evenif,eventhough從句的虛擬語氣用過去完成時(shí),一般過去時(shí)表過去,現(xiàn)在,將來。Nomatterwh-只引導(dǎo)狀語從句Wh-ever可引導(dǎo)狀語從句,亦可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句。第12頁,共97頁,2023年,2月20日,星期二比較狀語從句1。Nomorethan只不過(嫌少)

notmorethan不多于(客觀說明)I’venomorethan100yuanonme.(僅僅)I’venotmorethan100yuanonme.(不多于)Thebookisnomoreinterestingthanthatone.(一樣都不)Thewhaleisnotmoreafishthanahorseis.鯨不是魚,正如馬不是魚一樣。第13頁,共97頁,2023年,2月20日,星期二表倍數(shù)的句型1數(shù)詞+times/half/quarter等+as…as:Thebookishalfasthickasthatone.…times/half…+名/代+of+B:Theageofmygrandpais3timestheage/thatofmine.…times/half+比較級(jí)+than….Theholeis3timesdeeperthanthatone.Theholeis4timesasdeepasthatone.Theholeis4timesthedepthofthatone.第14頁,共97頁,2023年,2月20日,星期二冠詞冠詞的本質(zhì)在于:說話人認(rèn)為聽話者對(duì)某事物是否確知。強(qiáng)調(diào)聽話人所取的態(tài)度。Imetanoldmanonmywayhere.ThebookIlostwasfoundunderthedesk.1.不定冠詞的位置:a/an一般放在名詞短語的最前端,但有例外:1)。名詞短語中有so,as,how,too+形容詞:冠詞在此結(jié)構(gòu)之后:I’veneverseensocleverachild.ItwasaspleasantadayasI’veeverspent.Sheistookindagirltorefuse.Itwashowseriousaproblemtorefuse.第15頁,共97頁,2023年,2月20日,星期二2)名詞短語中含有such,what時(shí):~a+形+名:I’vehadsuchagoodday.WhatastrangeLondontheysaw.3)quite,rather+a+形+名:I’vehadquiteagoodnap/Ihaveratherabusyafternooninfrontofme.注:quite,rather修飾可分等級(jí)的形容詞或副詞時(shí),二詞都可使用,但意義有區(qū)別:quite降低了程度,rather提高了程度:It’squitegood,butitcouldbebetter.---Howisthefilm?---Rathergood.第16頁,共97頁,2023年,2月20日,星期二當(dāng)修飾不分等級(jí)的形容詞或副詞時(shí)(right,perfect,impossible,empty等)時(shí),quite意為“非常,十分,很”,不可用rather來代替。

Hisspeechisquiteperfect.

Thetwobrothersarequitedifferentincharacter.4)表頭銜,稱號(hào),職稱(不是職業(yè))的名詞前不加冠詞,特別是作表語或as的介賓表獨(dú)一無二的頭銜時(shí):HesucceededPattonascommanderinchief.MaybeIcanactasspokesman.第17頁,共97頁,2023年,2月20日,星期二Sheservedasamodelforthecompany.Hehadnosuccessasateacher.在elect,turn之后,概不用冠詞:Heturnedprofessoryearslater.BushwaselectedPresentoftheUSA.5).a/an+最高級(jí)Thisisamostusefulbook.Hetoldmeamostamusingstory.Most在這是強(qiáng)化語,相當(dāng)于very,extremely.注意:most+形+pl.時(shí),most是最高級(jí)還是強(qiáng)化語?第18頁,共97頁,2023年,2月20日,星期二Shewasmostrudetome.Youaremostconvincing(具有說服力的).Theyaremosthardworkingstudents.Herearesomemostdifferentcharacteristics.另:mostly主要地,大部分地:Studentsbelow7mostlyusepencilstowritewith.第19頁,共97頁,2023年,2月20日,星期二1.Europeanfootballisplayedin80countries,____itthemostpopularsportintheworld.A.makingB.makes C.made D.tomake2.____areply,hedecidedtowriteagain.A.Notreceiving B.ReceivingnotC.Nothavingreceived D.Havingnotreceived3.ThevisitingMinisterexpressedhissatisfactionwiththetalks,____thathehadenjoyedhisstayhere.A.havingadded B.toaddC.addingD.added

√√√分詞作狀語第20頁,共97頁,2023年,2月20日,星期二4.“Can’tyouread?”Marysaid____tothenotice.A.angrilypointing B.andpointangrilyC.angrilypointed D.andangrilypointing5.Themurdererwasbroughtin,withhishands____behindhisback.A.beingtiedB.havingtied C.tobetiedD.tied

√√第21頁,共97頁,2023年,2月20日,星期二5)-ing分詞做狀語:

-ing分詞作狀語可以表示時(shí)間、原因、結(jié)果、條件、讓步、方式或伴隨情況等。①-ing分詞短語作時(shí)間狀語,有時(shí)可由連詞when,while引出。如:他一邊看書,一邊不時(shí)地點(diǎn)頭。Whilereadingthebook,henoddedfromtimetotime.看到那些畫,他想起了她的童年。Seeingthosepictures,sherememberedherchildhood.第22頁,共97頁,2023年,2月20日,星期二②-ing分詞短語作原因狀語,Notknowinghisaddress,Ican’tsendthisbooktohim.因?yàn)榉浅<?dòng),那晚我們?cè)S多人都沒睡著。Manyofus,being

soexcited,couldn’tgotosleepthatnight.③–ing分詞短語作結(jié)果狀語。如:Hisfatherdied,leaving

himalotofmoney.她非常生氣,把玩具扔在地上,把它摔成了碎片。Shewassoangrythatshethrewthetoyontheground,breaking

itintopieces.

第23頁,共97頁,2023年,2月20日,星期二④-ing分詞作伴隨狀語,可以放在句子的前、后、中,表示主語的另一個(gè)、較次要的動(dòng)作。如:他們?cè)谀莾赫玖税胄r(shí),觀察著天上的星星。Theystoodthereforhalfanhourwatchingthestarsinthesky.年輕人跟在老人的后面開始慢慢地走起來。Followingtheoldman,theyoungpeoplestartedwalkingslowly.

第24頁,共97頁,2023年,2月20日,星期二⑤-ing分詞間或也可作條件狀語和讓步狀語Apersonstandingatthefootofahighmountainwillfindhimselfverysmall.一個(gè)人如站在大山的腳下會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己很渺小。盡管知道了一切情況,他們還是要我賠償損失。Knowingallthis,theymademepayforthedamage.注:-ing分詞作狀語時(shí),它的邏輯主語就是整個(gè)句子的主語。第25頁,共97頁,2023年,2月20日,星期二⑥“with/without+n.(賓格)+-ing”結(jié)構(gòu)在句中作狀語,表示伴隨情況或時(shí)間、原因等。如:隨著時(shí)間的推移,他的頭發(fā)變花白了。Hishairbecamegreywith

theyearspassing.沒人注意,他從窗戶溜了出去。Without

anyone

noticing,heslippedthroughthewindow.第26頁,共97頁,2023年,2月20日,星期二高中階段能接-ing分詞作賓語的常見動(dòng)詞:mindsuggestenjoyadmit

appreciateavoiddelaydislike

escapefinishforgiveimagine

keepmisspractiseriskconsider第27頁,共97頁,2023年,2月20日,星期二常見的帶介詞to的短語,后接-ing或名詞。admitto承認(rèn)

contributeto捐助、貢獻(xiàn)getdownto著手做

givewayto讓位于keepto堅(jiān)持、遵守

leadto導(dǎo)致lookforwardto期待

turnto求助于stickto堅(jiān)持

beequalto勝任的、等于

pointto指向、表明

seeto注意、處理

beusedto習(xí)慣于

devoteoneselfto獻(xiàn)身于

be

familiarto為……熟悉

第28頁,共97頁,2023年,2月20日,星期二高中階段有一些固定的-ing分詞短語,如generallyspeaking(一般來說),judgingfrom…(根據(jù)……來判斷),

considering…(考慮到……),talkingof…(談到……,提到……)等,從他的口音看他一定來自加拿大。Judgingfromhisaccent,hemustcomefromCanada.考慮到他是如此可愛,我們決定讓他免費(fèi)聽音樂會(huì)。

Consideringhowpoorhewas,wedecidedtolethimattendtheconcertforfree.第29頁,共97頁,2023年,2月20日,星期二Practice第30頁,共97頁,2023年,2月20日,星期二1.Icannotunderstand_____suchawell-paidjob.A.himtogiveup B.himtohavegivenupC.hisgivingup D.hisbeinggivenup2.Jane’ssummervacationinEnglandledto_____anEnglishman.A.hermarry B.hertomarry C.herbeingmarried D.hermarrying3.Shewassadbecauseof_____anychanceleft.A.therebeingnot B.therenotbeing C.nottherebeing D.therewasnot4.Ifyouthinkaletteristooslow,whynot_____atelegram?A.trytohavesent B.tryingtosend C.totrytosend D.trysending5.Thereisnochance_____himtoday.A.inseeing B.toseeing C.ofseeing D.aboutseeing第31頁,共97頁,2023年,2月20日,星期二6.Iknowyoulike_____.Wouldyoulike_____withmenow?A.toswim,toswim B.swimming,swimmingC.swimming,toswim D.toswim,swimming7.Before_____,themachinemustbechecked.A.beingused B.usingit C.beingusedto D.using8.Togiveup_____means_____.A.smoking,stoppingsmoking B.smoking,tostopsmokingC.tosmoke,tostoptosmoke D.tosmoke,stoppingtosmoke9.—Whatdoyouthinkofthebook?—Oh,excellent.It’sworth_____asecondtime.A.toread B.reading C.toberead D.beingread10.“Whathasmadeyousoupset?”“________mynewbike.”A.Lost B.Becauseoflosing C.SinceIlost D.Losing第32頁,共97頁,2023年,2月20日,星期二11.Istillremember_____toBeijingwhenIwassix.A.totakeB.takingC.havingtakingD.havingbeentaken12.Someforeignersusedto_____ontheleftintheirowncountries,butnowtheyhavegotusedto_____ontherightinourcountry.A.driving,drive B.drive,drive C.drive,driving D.driving,driving13.Heremained____there,forhegrew____inmanythingsthere.A.staying,interesting B.staying,interested C.tostay,interest D.stayed,interested14.Itisimportantforparentsandyoungpeopletolearnhowtogetthroughtoeachotheranddevelopskillinunderstandingand_____.A.beingunderstood B.tobeunderstood C.understand D.understood15._____moretreesisgoodforhealthanditisalsoimportanttostopwastefromfactories_____oursurroundings.A.Toplant,pollute B.Planting,topollute C.Plant,polluting D.Planting,polluting第33頁,共97頁,2023年,2月20日,星期二16.Iwouldappreciate_____backthisafternoon.A.youtocall B.youcall C.yourcalling D.you’recalling17.Howaboutthetwoofus_____awalkdownthegarden?A.totake B.take C.taking D.tobetaking18.“Thelightintheofficeisstillon.”“Oh,Iforgot_____.”A.turningitoff B.turnitoff C.toturnitoff D.havingturneditoff19.“Imustapologizefor_____aheadoftime.”“That’sallright.”A.lettingyounotknow B.notlettingyouknowC.lettingyouknownot D.lettingnotyouknow20.Ithappened______whenIleftthestation,soIhadtowaituntiltherainstopped.A.toberaining

B.tohaverained

C.torain

D.raining

第34頁,共97頁,2023年,2月20日,星期二21.____moreattention,thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.A.Given B.Togive C.GivingD.Havinggiven22.Climbingmountainswas____,soweallfelt____.A.tiring;tiredB.tired;tiringC.tiring;tiringD.tired;tired23.The____morning,thefathercameintothelonelyhouse,____byhisnaughtyboy.A.following;following B.followed;followedC.following;followed D.followed;following24.____thesepictures,Icouldn’thelpthinkingofthosedayswhenIwasinBeijingand____fromthetopofathirty-storeyedbuilding,Beijinglooksmoremagnificent.A.Seeing;seenB.Seen;seeingC.Seeing;seeingD.Seen;seen25.MrsWhitewasgladtoseethenurse____afterhersonandherdaughterandwasalsopleasedtoseechildrenwell____careofinthenursery.A.looked;taken B.looking;takenC.looked;took D.looking;taking第35頁,共97頁,2023年,2月20日,星期二26.Iwasfortunatetopickupawallet____onthegroundonthewayhome,butunfortunatelyforme,IfoundmycolourTVset____whenIgothome.A.lying;stolenB.laying;stealingC.lay;stolenD.lying;stealing27.____betterattention,thevegetablescouldhavegrownbetterwiththesunshiningbrightlyintheskyand____themlight.A.Giving;givenB.Given;givenC.Giving;givingD.Given;giving28.____hisheadhigh,themanagerwalkedintotheroomtoattendthemeeting____then.A.Holding;beingheld B.Held;holdingC.Havingheld;held D.Held;tobeheld29.____buthestillcouldnotunderstandit.A.Toldmanytimes B.HavingbeentoldmanytimesC.HehasbeentoldmanytimesD.Thoughhehadbeentoldmanytimes30.Onhearingthe____news,Iwastoo____tosleep.A.exciting;excited B.excited;excitingC.exciting;exciting D.excited;excited第36頁,共97頁,2023年,2月20日,星期二Grammar:Non-infinitiveusedasadverbial分詞作狀語分詞或分詞短語作狀語時(shí),可以表示時(shí)間,原因,結(jié)果,條件,讓步的行為方式,伴隨狀況等。1。主語其邏輯必須與句子的主語一致。2。當(dāng)分詞的邏輯主語與主句主語不同時(shí),分詞要有自己的主語。3。結(jié)構(gòu)四種

doing(主動(dòng))/done(被動(dòng))havingdone(主動(dòng)

/havingbeendone(被動(dòng))第37頁,共97頁,2023年,2月20日,星期二例如Beingastudent,Imuststudyhard.SinceI’mastudent,Imust…Whilereadingthebook,henoddedfromtimetotime.Whilehewasreadingthebook,henodded…第38頁,共97頁,2023年,2月20日,星期二NotknowingmuchEnglish,Ifoundithardtounderstandhim.BecauseIdidn’tknowmuchEnglish,I…

Nothavingreceivedhisletter,Iwroteanotherone.AsIhadnotreceivedhisletter,Iwrote…Timepermitting,Iwillfinishanotherlesson.Iftimepermits,Iwill…Timepermitting,分詞的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu).第39頁,共97頁,2023年,2月20日,星期二Writtencarefully,yourcompositionisstillfullofmistakes.Thoughithasbeenwrittencarefully,yourcomposition…Mycarbeingrepaired,Ihadtotakeataxi.Becausemycarwasbeingrepaired,Ihadto…

第40頁,共97頁,2023年,2月20日,星期二Allthethingsconsidered,hisproposalisofgreatervaluethanyours.IfAllthethingsareconsidered,hisproposalisofgreatervaluethanyours.Theoldmansitsinhisgarden,thinkingabouthispast.Everydaytheoldmansitsinhisgardenandthinksabouthispast.第41頁,共97頁,2023年,2月20日,星期二不定式通常用作目的,結(jié)果,原因狀語.

Aspecialmeetingwascalledtoelectanewchairman.Infinitiveusedasadverbial常用

inorderto;soasto

引導(dǎo)目的狀語.

SomeshopsinEnglandhavelonghoursbeforeChristmasinordertoattractcustomers第42頁,共97頁,2023年,2月20日,星期二Heopenedthedooronlytofindthathishousehadbeenbrokeninto.不定式作結(jié)果狀語常用于too…to;enoughto;so…asto句型.

Wouldyoubesokindastocarrythisbagforme?Thispassageistoolongformetolearnbyheart.Wouldyoubekindenoughtoshutthedoor?

第43頁,共97頁,2023年,2月20日,星期二不定式作原因狀語常見于系表結(jié)構(gòu)句型,表示人的情緒的形容詞后邊.Maryisalwayspleased

tobeinvitedtosingattheparty.Iamsoglad

tohaveanopportunitytoworkwithyou.Shefeltsad

tohavelostsuchagoodjob.Hewassurprised

toseethateverythinginhisroomwasgone.

第44頁,共97頁,2023年,2月20日,星期二Exercises:1.____areply,hedecidedtowriteagain.(MET9239)A.NotreceivingB.ReceivingnotC.NothavingreceivedD.Havingnotreceived2.___fromhearttroubleforyears,ProfessorWhitehastotakesomemedicinewhetherhegoes.A.SufferedBSufferingCHavingsufferedDBeingsufferedCC第45頁,共97頁,2023年,2月20日,星期二3.Europeanfootballisplayedin80countries,___itthemostpopularsportintheworld.A.makingB.makesC.madeD.tomake4.____downtheradio----thebaby’sasleepinthenextroom.(MET9324)A.TurningB.ToturnC.TurnedD.TurnAD第46頁,共97頁,2023年,2月20日,星期二5.3.Unless___tospeak,youshouldremainsilentattheconference.

A.invitedB.invitingC.beinginvitedD.havinginvited(‘03上春)6.2.It’sapaydayandtheyarewaiting____.A.payB.payingC.paidD.tobepaid7.Tomasteraforeignlanguage,______.A.alotofpracticeisneededB.itneedsalotofpracticeC.practiceisinneedofD.oneneedsalotofpracticeADD第47頁,共97頁,2023年,2月20日,星期二8.____lateinthemorning,Bobturnedoffthealarm.A.TosleepB.SleepingC.SleepD.Havingslept9.____aletterfromherparents,Lilyisnowlookingforwardto___fromthem.A.Havingnotreceived;hearB.Notreceived;hearC.Nothavingreceived;hearingD.Receivingnot;hearingAC第48頁,共97頁,2023年,2月20日,星期二10.Shereachedthetopofthehillandstopped_____onabigrockbythesideofthepath.A.tohaverestedB.restingC.torestD.rest11.Itwassocoldthattheykeptthefire____allnight.A.toburnB.burnC.burningD.burnedCC第49頁,共97頁,2023年,2月20日,星期二定語從句術(shù)語:先行詞,引導(dǎo)詞,關(guān)系代詞,關(guān)系副詞分類:限制性,非限制性第50頁,共97頁,2023年,2月20日,星期二定語從句定語從句的相關(guān)概念

關(guān)系代詞、關(guān)系副詞的基本用法

that和which用法的區(qū)別

as和which用法的區(qū)別

關(guān)系代詞前介詞的確定第51頁,共97頁,2023年,2月20日,星期二1.定義:在復(fù)合句中修飾名詞或代詞的從句2.先行詞:被修飾的名詞或代詞關(guān)系代詞、關(guān)系副詞:3.引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞關(guān)系代詞:關(guān)系副詞:when,where,why等who,whom,whose,which,that等定語從句的相關(guān)概念第52頁,共97頁,2023年,2月20日,星期二指代所做成分是否可省略that人;物主語;賓語作賓語可省which物主語;賓語作賓語可省who人主語;賓語作賓語可省whom人賓語可省whose人;物定語不可省關(guān)系代詞的用法關(guān)系代詞第53頁,共97頁,2023年,2月20日,星期二關(guān)系副詞的用法指代所做成分是否可省略when時(shí)間狀語否where地點(diǎn)狀語否why原因狀語否關(guān)系副詞第54頁,共97頁,2023年,2月20日,星期二定語從句術(shù)語:先行詞,引導(dǎo)詞,關(guān)系代詞,關(guān)系副詞分類:限制性,非限制性難點(diǎn)講解1。只宜用that,不用who情況總總:1)先行詞是one,ones,anyoneTheoneswhoflattermedon’tpleaseme.Anyonewhofailstofinishthetaskshouldbepunished.第55頁,共97頁,2023年,2月20日,星期二2)先行詞為those時(shí):Thosewhowerenotfitfortheirjobcouldnotseethebeautifulclothes.3)先行詞帶有較長(zhǎng)的后置定語時(shí):ImetaforeignerinthestreetyesterdaywhoknowssomeChinese.4)一個(gè)句子中有兩個(gè)定語從句,其中一個(gè)用了that引導(dǎo)時(shí)。Theboythatyoumetlastnightisthemonitorwhostudieshard.4)在therebe開頭的句子中:Thereisanoldmanwhowantstoseeyou.第56頁,共97頁,2023年,2月20日,星期二只用that,不用which1.先行詞是或被最高級(jí)所修飾時(shí):Thesisthebestthathasbeenusedagainstpollution.2。先行詞是或被序數(shù)詞所修飾時(shí):HeisthelastpersonthatIwanttosee.3。主句有疑問詞who或which時(shí):Whichisthebikethatyoulost?4.先行詞既有人又有物時(shí):Thebikeanditsriderthathadrunoveranoldmanweretakentothepolicestation.第57頁,共97頁,2023年,2月20日,星期二5。先行詞是all,much,little,sth,everything,anything,nothing,none,theone等代詞時(shí):Youshouldhandinallthatyouhad.Wehaven’tgotmuchthatwecanofferyou.6。先行詞前有only,any,few,little,no,all,oneof,thesame,thevery修飾時(shí):Theonlythingthatwecandoistogiveyousomemoney.7.有兩個(gè)定語從句,其中已有一個(gè)關(guān)系詞which時(shí):Edisonbuiltupafactorywhichproducedthingsthathadneverbeenseenbefore.第58頁,共97頁,2023年,2月20日,星期二只用which1.非限制性定語從句中。2。關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時(shí):Thisisthehotelinwhichyouwillstay.3。有兩個(gè)定語從句,其中一個(gè)已用that時(shí)As引導(dǎo)的定語從句1。Such..as…,thesame…as…結(jié)構(gòu)中:Wehavefoundsuchmaterialsasareusedintheirfactory.Thisisthesamethingasweareinneedof.第59頁,共97頁,2023年,2月20日,星期二4.as在從句中作主語時(shí),后面常接行為動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài),如beknown,besaid,bereported等,如從句中行為動(dòng)詞是主動(dòng)語態(tài),一般要用which作主語。3.當(dāng)從句和主句語義一致時(shí),用as,反之則用which。.e.g.Shehasmarriedagain,aswasexpected.Shehasmarriedagain,whichwasunexpectede.g.Shehasbeenlateagain,as

wasexpected.

Tomhasmadegreatprogress,

which

madeushappy.第60頁,共97頁,2023年,2月20日,星期二1.Itrainedhardyesterday,_____preventedusfromgoingtothepark.

A.thatB.whichC.asD.it2.______ismentionedabove,thenumberofthestudentsinseniorschoolisincreasing.

A.WhichB.AsC.ThatD.What

3.Chongqingisnotthesamecity_______wehaveseeninotherplaces.

A.that

B.whichC.不填D.asBBD第61頁,共97頁,2023年,2月20日,星期二thesame…as…與thesame…that…兩個(gè)都能引導(dǎo)定語從句,意義一樣,但如果從句中省去謂語動(dòng)詞時(shí),必須用as:Heworksinthesameshopas/thatIdo.Heisthesameagethatyou.(×)第62頁,共97頁,2023年,2月20日,星期二三、關(guān)系代詞前介詞的確定1.根據(jù)從句中動(dòng)詞與先行詞的邏輯關(guān)系,請(qǐng)?bào)w會(huì):e.g.Isthatthenewspaperforwhichyouoftenwritearticles?2.根據(jù)從句中動(dòng)詞或形容詞的習(xí)慣搭配,如:e.g.CanyouexplaintomehowtousetheseidiomsaboutwhichI’msure.3.根據(jù)先行詞與介詞的搭配習(xí)慣,請(qǐng)?bào)w會(huì):e.g.1949wastheyearinwhichtheP.R.C.wasfounded.第63頁,共97頁,2023年,2月20日,星期二5.Whose從句可轉(zhuǎn)換為“

of+關(guān)系代詞”型,如:

4.非限制性定與從句中,要表示先行詞的一部分時(shí),可用“數(shù)詞/代詞+of+關(guān)系代詞”的結(jié)構(gòu),如:

e.g.

Theyliveinahouse,

whosedoor

openstothesouth.Theylivedinahouse,

ofwhichthedoor

openstothesouth.

Theylivedinahouse,

thedoorofwhich

opentothesouth.e.g.Thereare50studentsinourclass,

two-thirdsofwhom

havebeentoBeijing.第64頁,共97頁,2023年,2月20日,星期二1.Theknife_____weusedtocutthebreadisverysharp.

A.whichB.withthat

C.withitD.withwhich2.Thebeautifuldress______MissJoneswenttotheballwasborrowedfromafriendofhers.

A.inwhichB.wornby

C.wearingwhichD.that3.Ihavetwoballpens,______writeswell.

A.neitherofthemB.noneofthem

C.neitherofwhichD.noneofwhichDAC第65頁,共97頁,2023年,2月20日,星期二四、關(guān)系副詞when,where,why的用法關(guān)系副詞都等于一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~+which,在從句中作狀語

1.Doyoustillrememberthedaywhen(onwhich)wewenttovisitthemuseumtogether?When=in/at/on/…+which;Where=in/at/on/…+which;Why=for/…+which2.Thisisthefactorywhere(inwhich)myfatheronceworked.3.Thisisthereasonwhy(forwhich)hewaslate.第66頁,共97頁,2023年,2月20日,星期二五、關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞在定從中的不同成分a、Thisistheplacewhereheworks.Thisistheplacewhich(that)wevisitedlastyear.b、Thatwasthetimewhenhearrived.Doyoustillrememberthedaysthat(which)wespenttogether?c、Thisisthereasonwhyhewent.Thereasonthat(which)hegaveuswasquitereasonable.第67頁,共97頁,2023年,2月20日,星期二Thisisthehotel_______wewillstayat.Thisisthehotel_______wewillstay.Thisisthehotel__________wewillstay.Thisisthehotel_________wewillvisit.Thishotelis_______________wewillstayat.Thishotelis_______________wewillvisit.Thishotelis___________wewillstay.Thishotelis___________wewillvisit.thatwhereatwhichthat,whichthe

onethattheonethatwherewhat第68頁,共97頁,2023年,2月20日,星期二定語從句中需注意事項(xiàng)Oneof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+關(guān)系代詞+動(dòng)詞復(fù)數(shù)

the(only)oneof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+關(guān)系代詞+動(dòng)詞單數(shù)TheGreatWallisoneoftheworld-famousbuildingthatdrawlotsofvisitors.HeistheonlyoneofthestudentswhoknowRussianinourschool.第69頁,共97頁,2023年,2月20日,星期二2.what不能引導(dǎo)定語從句,但what從句可與that定語從句互換。Tellmeanythingthatyouknow.Tellmewhatyouknow.TellmeanythingwhatIknow.(×)Iwanttogiveyouall(that)Ihave.IwanttogiveyouwhatIhave.IwanttogiveyouallwhatIhave.(×)第70頁,共97頁,2023年,2月20日,星期二限定性定語從句與非限定性定語從句限定性定語從句是句中不可缺少的組成部分,主句和從句之間不用逗號(hào)隔開非限定性定語從句是對(duì)主句先行詞的補(bǔ)充說明,沒有這種從句不影響主句意思完整.一般用逗號(hào)把主句和從句分開引導(dǎo)詞:who,whom,whose,which,ofwhich,when,where等,不用that,不能省略引導(dǎo)詞:

關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞,作賓語時(shí)一些關(guān)系代詞可以省略第71頁,共97頁,2023年,2月20日,星期二Themanwhocamehereyesterdayhascomeagain.Mysister,whoistwenty,worksinabank.Mr.king,whoselegwasbadlyhurt,wastakentohospitalquickly.ThebossinwhosedepartmentMr.kingworkedhadheardabouttheaccident.第72頁,共97頁,2023年,2月20日,星期二

1.Doyoustillremembertheday_______IfirstcametoBeijing?A.whichB.thatC.whenD.where2.I’mgoingtovisittheschool_________mymothertaughtphysicstenyearsago.A.whereB.thatC.whichD.what

3.Sheisnotthewoman_________shewasbefore.A.whatB.thatC.whoD.asCAB第73頁,共97頁,2023年,2月20日,星期二.4.Sheworeaheavyfurcoatinsuchahotday,_____Ifoundquitestrange.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.when

5.Wecametoaplace____________theyhadneverpaidavisitbefore.A.towhereB.towhichC.thatD.which

6.Heoftenhelpsthestudents__________hethinksarenotquickattheirstudies.A.whomB.whoC.whenD.becauseABB第74頁,共97頁,2023年,2月20日,星期二7.

Thebaby_________isnothers.

A.ofthatsheistakinggoodcare

B.whosheistakinggoodcare

C.ofwhosheistakinggoodcare

D.whomsheistakinggoodcareof8Thehighbuilding______isabighote

溫馨提示

  • 1. 本站所有資源如無特殊說明,都需要本地電腦安裝OFFICE2007和PDF閱讀器。圖紙軟件為CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.壓縮文件請(qǐng)下載最新的WinRAR軟件解壓。
  • 2. 本站的文檔不包含任何第三方提供的附件圖紙等,如果需要附件,請(qǐng)聯(lián)系上傳者。文件的所有權(quán)益歸上傳用戶所有。
  • 3. 本站RAR壓縮包中若帶圖紙,網(wǎng)頁內(nèi)容里面會(huì)有圖紙預(yù)覽,若沒有圖紙預(yù)覽就沒有圖紙。
  • 4. 未經(jīng)權(quán)益所有人同意不得將文件中的內(nèi)容挪作商業(yè)或盈利用途。
  • 5. 人人文庫(kù)網(wǎng)僅提供信息存儲(chǔ)空間,僅對(duì)用戶上傳內(nèi)容的表現(xiàn)方式做保護(hù)處理,對(duì)用戶上傳分享的文檔內(nèi)容本身不做任何修改或編輯,并不能對(duì)任何下載內(nèi)容負(fù)責(zé)。
  • 6. 下載文件中如有侵權(quán)或不適當(dāng)內(nèi)容,請(qǐng)與我們聯(lián)系,我們立即糾正。
  • 7. 本站不保證下載資源的準(zhǔn)確性、安全性和完整性, 同時(shí)也不承擔(dān)用戶因使用這些下載資源對(duì)自己和他人造成任何形式的傷害或損失。

評(píng)論

0/150

提交評(píng)論