(貴陽專版)2018年中考英語總復習第一部分教材知識梳理篇八下Units7-8

PAGEPAGE1八年級(下)Units7—8,中考基礎知識梳理類別課標考點要求詞匯攻關1.tour(n.&v.)→__tourist__(n.)觀光者2.deep(adj.)→__deeply__(adv.)深深地3.achieve(v.)→__achievement__(n.)成就；成績4.keep(v.)→__keeper__(n.)飼養(yǎng)員；保管人5.protect(v.)→__protection__(n.)保護；保衛(wèi)6.wide(adj.)→__widely__(adv.)廣泛地7.include(v.)→__including__(prep.)包括8.succeed(v.)→__success__(n.)成功→__successful__(adj.)成功的→__successfully__(adv.)成功地9.freeze(v.)→__freezing__(adj.)極冷的；冰凍的10.laugh(v.)→__laughter__(n.)笑；笑聲11.French(adj.&n．)→__France__(n.)法國12.amazing(adj.)→__amazed__(adj.)驚奇的13.weigh(v.)→__weight__(n.)重量14.research(n.&v.)→__researcher__(n.)調(diào)查者15.endanger(v.)→__endangered__(adj.)瀕危的16.introduce(v.)→__introduction__(n.)介紹17.record(v.)→__recorder__(n.)錄音機18.actual(adj.)→__actually__(adv.)真實地；事實上19.Asia(n.)→__Asian__(adj.)亞洲的20.southwest(n.)→__southwestern__(adj.)西南的；西南方向的21.south(n.)→__southern__(adj.)南方的22.awake(adj.)→__wake__(v.)醒來23.remain(v.)→__remaining__(adj.)遺留的；剩余的24.ill(adj.)→__illness__(n.)疾??；病25.nature(n.)→__natural__(adj.)天然的→__naturally__(adv.)天然地26.classic(n.)→__classical__(adj.)古典的27.sand(n.)→__sandy__(adj.)沙地的；多沙的短語歸納1.(可以)隨便(做某事)__feel________free__2.盡力去做某事__try______to______do__sth.__3.就我所知__as______far______as______I______know__4.面對(問題、困難等)__in______the______face______of__5.即使；雖然__even______though/if__6.吸入；吞入(體內(nèi))__take______in__7.在將來__in____the______future__8.因為__because____of__9.絆倒__fall______over__10.大約__or________so__11.到達(某數(shù)量、程度等)；至多有；不多于__up________to__12.為……做好準備__prepare______for__population的用法【滿分點撥】population人口，不可數(shù)名詞(1)對人口的數(shù)量進行提問時，常用what，而不用howmuch。提問人口有多少時，用“Whatisthepopulationof…？”如：WhatisthepopulationofChina？中國有多少人口？(2)population作主語時，強調(diào)其中的“成員或人”時謂語用復數(shù)形式；強調(diào)人口的整體時，謂語用單數(shù)形式。如：ThepopulationofChinaisthelargestintheworldnow.現(xiàn)在中國是世界上人口最多的國家。(3)population和分數(shù)、百分數(shù)一起構成短語做主語時，謂語要用復數(shù)形式。如：80%ofthepopulationinChinaarefarmers.中國百分之八十的人口是農(nóng)民。(4)有形容詞修飾時，其前可用a；表示人口的“多/少”用large/small。如：Indiahasalargepopulation.印度人口眾多。【考點搶測】1．Beijinghasgotthe__population__(人口)ofmorethan13.8million.2．ThepopulationofChina__is__largerthanthatofanyothercountryintheworld.Over51percentofthepopulationofChina__are__men.(用be的正確形式填空)3．Indiahas__the____second____largest____population__(第二大人口)intheworld.辨析succeed，success與successful【滿分點撥】詞條詞性及詞義用法succeedv.實現(xiàn)目標；成功succeedindoingsth.成功做某事successn.成功一般作不可數(shù)名詞；當作“成功的人或事”講時，是可數(shù)名詞successfuladj.成功的常用作表語，副詞為successfully如：Jimsucceededingettingthroughtheforest.吉姆成功地穿過了那片森林。Failureisthemotherofsuccess.失敗是成功之母。Sheisasuccessfulbusinesswoman.她是一位成功的女商人?！究键c搶測】4．Ourcountryis__successful__(succeed)inlaunchinganothercommunicationsatellite.5．Hesucceededin__winning__(win)theprizeinthespeakingcompetition.6．Sticktoit，andyou'llbe__successful__(success)．辨析eventhough與asif【滿分點撥】詞組含義用法eventhough＝evenif即使；雖然引導讓步狀語從句時，evenif引導的從句含有強烈的假定性；eventhough則多以從句的內(nèi)容為前提。如：Eventhoughhewas14yearsold,heaffordedthewholefamily.即使他才14歲，他承擔起了整個家庭。(他的確是14歲)Evenifitrainstomorrow,we’llgoonpicnic.即使明天下雨，我們也要去野餐。(明天可能下雨)asif＝asthough似乎；好像①用在look，seem等系動詞后引導表語從句②引導方式狀語從句，多用虛擬語氣表示非真實的情況【考點搶測】(A)7.—Ireallywanttobeatopstudentinmyclass.CanIlearnwell?—Yes，dear！Nothingisimpossible____youputyourheartintoit!A．a(chǎn)slongasB．a(chǎn)ssoonasC．evenif(B)8.____he's20yearsoldnow，he'sstilllikeachild.A．ButB．EventhoughC．Because辨析full與fill【滿分點撥】full和fill的不同用法(1)fulladj.“滿的”，反義詞為empty，意為“空的”；(2)fillv．“充滿”，反義詞為empty，意為“倒空”；(3)befullof“裝滿；充滿”(強調(diào)狀態(tài))；(4)befilledwith“裝滿；充滿”(強調(diào)動作)?！緢D解助記】full與fill的區(qū)別【考點搶測】9．OliverTwistisaboutaboywhogoesouttoseaandfindsanisland__full__________________of__(fullof，fillof)treasures.(C)10.Ichoosethisschoolbecauseitistheone____hopesanddreams.A．isfilledwithB．befullofC．fullofhurryup的用法【滿分點撥】hurry構成的不同短語(1)作名詞，意為“匆忙；急忙”，常用短語：①inahurry趕快；急忙②beinahurrytodosth.＝dosth.inahurry(2)作動詞，意為“趕緊；匆忙”，常用短語：①hurrytosomeplace匆忙趕去某地②hurrytodosth.匆忙做某事③hurryup趕快④hurryoff匆忙離開【考點搶測】(A)11.____，orwecan'tgettotherailwaystationontime.A．HurryupB．PickupC．Putup12．Mr.Greenlefthisoffice__in__(in，on，for)ahurryafterheansweredthetelephone.Ifwe'reonlytalkingaboutthepartsfromtheMingDynasty，it'sabout8，850kilometerslong.如果我們只談論明朝部分的話，它大約8850千米長?！窘滩腜50】【滿分點撥】長/寬/高/深……的兩種表達方式(1)若計量表達用作表語，則用“數(shù)字＋量詞(復數(shù))＋形容詞(long/wide/high/deep等)”結構。對計量進行提問要用句型：How＋形容詞＋be＋主語……？如：Theroadisaboutfivekilometerslong，fourmeterswide.這條路大約五千米長，四米寬。(2)若計量表達用作前置定語，則用復合形容詞，即“數(shù)字-量詞(單數(shù))-形容詞(long/wide/high/deep等)”來表達。如：Thisisa20-meter-highsculpture.這是一座20米高的雕像?！究键c搶測】(A)13.A____girllookedafterherdisabledfather.A．three-year-oldB．three-years-oldC．threeyearold—Haveyoudecidedwhichbooktowriteaboutyet？你已經(jīng)決定要寫哪本書了嗎？—Yes，Ihave.是的，我決定了。【教材P60】【滿分點撥】“have/has＋過去分詞”，表示過去的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結果，是現(xiàn)在完成時。如：Hisfatherhasgonetothebankalready.他的父親已經(jīng)去銀行了。(不在談話的地點)【考點搶測】(C)14.(寧夏中考改編)—Look！Someone____theclassroom.—Well，itwasn'tme.Ididn'tdoit.A．iscleaningB．wascleaningC．hascleanedQomolangmaishigherthananyothermountainintheworld.珠穆朗瑪峰比世界上任何一座山峰都要高?！窘滩腜49】【滿分點撥】比較級句型1:A…比較級＋thananyother＋單數(shù)名詞＋比較范圍“A比其他任何一個都要更……?！北容^級句型2:A…比較級＋thantheother＋復數(shù)名詞＋比較范圍(同句型1)句型1＝句型2，以上兩個句型是使用比較級表達最高級的用法，可以與最高級互換。如：Tomistallerthananyotherstudentinmyclass.(Tom屬于本班學生)＝Tomistallerthantheotherstudentsinmyclass.＝Tomisthetalleststudentinmyclass.【歸納拓展】在比較級結構中anyother和any所表達的比較范圍不同。被比較對象A屬于比較范圍時，使用句型1和2來表達(需要使用anyother);如果A不屬于比較范圍，則需要使用any。如：ChinaislargerthananycountryinAfrica.(中國不屬于非洲，所以不能加other)【考點搶測】(A)15.TheYangtzeRiverislongerthan____riverinChina.A．a(chǎn)nyotherB．theotherC．other(B)16.—EveryoneknowsCanadaisthesecondlargestcountryintheworld.—Thatis.It'slargerthan____countryinAsia.A．a(chǎn)nyB．a(chǎn)nyotherC．otherThiselephantweighsmanytimesmorethanthispanda.這頭大象比這只熊貓重很多倍?！窘滩腜53】【滿分點撥】manytimesmorethan意為“比……多很多倍”，是倍數(shù)用法的表達方式之一。倍數(shù)句型1:A＋謂語動詞＋倍數(shù)＋形容詞/副詞的比較級＋than＋B.“A比B……多少倍?！北稊?shù)句型2:A＋謂語動詞＋倍數(shù)＋as＋形容詞/副詞的原級＋as＋B.“A是B的多少倍……?！北稊?shù)句型3:A＋謂語動詞＋倍數(shù)＋theheight/weight/length…＋of＋B.“A的高度/重量/長度……是B的多少倍。”如：Hisfatheristwiceastallashe.他父親的身高是他的兩倍。＝Hisfatherisoncetallerthanhe.他父親的身高比他高一倍。＝Hisfatheristwicetheheightofhim.【考點搶測】(B)17.Ournewschoolis____theoldone.A．a(chǎn)sthreetimesbigasB．threetimesasbigasC．biggerthreetimesthanI'vebroughtbackmanythingsIcanuse—foodanddrink，tools，knivesandguns.我?guī)Я撕芏辔夷苡玫臇|西回來——食物和飲料、工具、刀和槍。【教材P59】【滿分點撥】這是一個主從復合句，Icanuse為省略了關聯(lián)詞that/which的定語從句(關聯(lián)詞that/which在從句中做賓語，故可以省略)。如：Ihaveheardofthenewsshetoldyoujustnow.我已經(jīng)聽說了她剛才告訴你的這個消息。【考點搶測】(B)18.ThebookIlostyesterday____justnow.A．findB．wasfoundD．found,隨堂知識鞏固1.Doyouknowhow__deep__(deep)theriveris?2．Thebasketballplayer__succeeded__(success)inachievinghischampiondream.(C)3.(2017安徽中考改編)—Whatdoyouthinkofthemovie?—Great!Ihaveneverseena____one.A．goodB．badC．better(C)4.(2017福建中考)—DoyouknowtheColorRun，afive-kilometerrace?—Yes.Sofarit____intoquiteafewcitiesinourcountry.A．comesB．cameC．hascome(B)5.(2017福建中考)—Doyouliketheweeklytalkshow，TheReader，onCCTV?—Sure.It'sagreatTVprogram____bringsthehabitofreadingbackintothepublic.A．whoB．thatC．what(A)6.(福州中考)—Wherewereyouborn，Michael?—Iwasborninasmallvillagewithonlythree____people.A．hundredB．hundredsC．hundredsof(C)7.(新疆中考改編)____Kobe'sfanswatchedhisfinalmatchand____ofthemweremen.A．Millionof；threefourthsB．Threemillions；thirdfourC．Millionsof；threefourths(C)8.(湖南中考)MountTaiissofamousthat____peoplevisititeveryday.A．hundredofB．sevenhundredsofC．hundredsof(A)9.(2016貴陽中考37題)—TaraisgoodatsingingEnglis