2022年新教材高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)Unit5Adelicateworld學(xué)案選擇性必修第二冊(cè)

Unit5Adelicateworld(一)高頻重點(diǎn)詞匯eq\a\vs4\al(/)分類(lèi)記憶，用時(shí)少，功效高Ⅰ.閱讀詞匯·讀懂默想下面單詞的含義，不會(huì)的在中做出標(biāo)記并核對(duì)識(shí)記。1.dramaticallyadv. 2.variationn． 3.heritagen.4.habitatn. 5.subsequentlyadv. 6.chaosn.7.immunityn. 8.collapsev. 9.substantialadj.10.biologicaladj. 11.interventionn. 12.pestn.13.ecologyn. 14.nutrientn. 15.wormn.16.visualadj. 17.sessionn. 18.statusn.19.criterionn. 20.apparentlyadv.[自主核對(duì)區(qū)]1．顯著地2.差異；變化3.遺產(chǎn)；傳統(tǒng)4.棲息地5．后來(lái)，隨后6.大混亂；紊亂7.免疫力8.倒坍；塌下9．大量的，多的10.生物的，與生物有關(guān)的11.干預(yù)，介入12.有害小動(dòng)物，害蟲(chóng)13.生態(tài)14.養(yǎng)分，營(yíng)養(yǎng)物15．蠕蟲(chóng)；(昆蟲(chóng)的)幼蟲(chóng)16.視覺(jué)的17.一段時(shí)間18．地位；身份19.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，準(zhǔn)則20.據(jù)說(shuō)；看來(lái)；似乎Ⅱ.核心詞匯·練通[辨詞義·寫(xiě)詞形]1．halfwayadj. 中間的，半途的2．virusn. 病毒3．owev. 應(yīng)該做；對(duì)……負(fù)有…… 的義務(wù)4．rareadj. 稀有的，罕見(jiàn)的5．elsewhereadv. 在別處6．greetingn. 問(wèn)候；招呼7．multiplyv. (使)大大增加(使)倍增8．departuren. 離開(kāi)，出發(fā)；背離，違反[入語(yǔ)境·重活用]1．(2020·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)Itsoundscrazytotalkaboutguilt-freefur—unlessyouunderstandthatthenutriaaredestroyingvast(廣大的)wetlandseveryyear.2．(2020·新高考山東卷)Andcontrarytoexistingresearchthatsaysyoushouldavoideatingwithheavierpeoplewhoorderlargeportions(份),it'sthebeanpoleswithbigappetites(胃口)youreallyneedtoavoid.3．(2018·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)Thisswitchhasdecreased(減少)pollutioninthecountry'smajorlakesandreservoirsandmadedrinkingwatersaferforpeople.4．(北京卷)Teenagersclimbeddozensofflightsofstairstodeliverwaterandfoodtoelderlypeopletrapped(困在)inpowerlesshigh-risebuildings.Ⅲ.拓展詞匯·用活1．conservationn．保護(hù)；保存→conservativeadj.保守的；守舊的→conservev．保護(hù)2．explodev．突然增加；爆炸→explosionn．爆炸3．comparisonn．比較→comparevt.比較4．secureadj.穩(wěn)固的；安全的；可靠的→securityn．安全；保證；擔(dān)保5．endangeredadj.瀕臨滅絕的→endangerv．使遭受危險(xiǎn)/危害→dangern．危險(xiǎn)→dangerousadj.危險(xiǎn)的[語(yǔ)境活用]——用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1．HedrovesofastthatIreallyfeltmylifewasindanger.SoItoldhimdrivingfastwasdangerousandifhedidn'tslowdown,hewouldendangerourlives.(danger)2．Duringthefestival,thesecuritydepartmentshouldtakeresponsibilitytomakepeoplefeelsecure．(secure)3．Twobombsexplodedinthecentreofourcityandtheexplosioncausedsevendeaths.(explode)(二)高頻短語(yǔ)串記eq\a\vs4\al(/)記牢用活，不枯燥，興趣高單元短語(yǔ)·再現(xiàn)1．on_behalf_of代表2._in_turn 依次；反過(guò)來(lái)3._be_native_to 原產(chǎn)于……4．die_out 滅絕5._come_up_with 提出；想出6．once_and_for_all 一勞永逸7．feed_on 以……為食；用……喂養(yǎng)8．break_down 分解；出故障9．in_existence 存在10．be_responsible_for 為……負(fù)責(zé)11．in_return 作為回報(bào)[語(yǔ)境活用]——選用左欄短語(yǔ)填空1．(2019·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ滿分作文)On_behalf_ofallourteammembers,Iamwritingtoinviteyoutojoinusinthebattle.2．(天津卷)Weofferanexcellenteducationtoourstudents.In_return,_weexpectstudentstoworkhard.3．Hecame_up_withtheideaoftheWorldWideWebin1989whilehewasworkinginSwitzerland.4．Accordingtosomephilosophers,everythingin_existenceisreasonable.5．Afterdiscussion,wehavedecidedtosettlethematteronce_and_for_all．會(huì)積累(日積月累，聯(lián)想發(fā)散)1.以后綴“-(t)ure”結(jié)尾的名詞①departv．離開(kāi)→departuren．離開(kāi)②failv．失敗→failuren．失?、踦leasev．使高興→pleasuren．高興④exposev．暴露→exposuren．暴露⑤createv．創(chuàng)造→creaturen．生物2.變on為a構(gòu)成復(fù)數(shù)的名詞①criterion→criteria標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，準(zhǔn)則②phenomenon→phenomena現(xiàn)象3.“代表”聚會(huì)①onbehalfof代表②standfor代表；表示③representv.代表④representativen.代表⑤delegaten.代表(三)重點(diǎn)句型仿寫(xiě)eq\a\vs4\al(/)熟記公式，練原句，表達(dá)高背佳句明句型巧仿寫(xiě)Norwouldtheyfailtoimaginehowitsnativeinhabitants,includingroyalpenguins,kingpenguins,andelephantseals,existedinperfectharmonywiththeirnaturalhabitatforthousandsofyears.他們也不會(huì)不去想象它的土著居民，包括皇家企鵝、企鵝王和象海豹，數(shù)千年來(lái)是如何與它們的自然棲息地和諧共存的。否定詞位于句首的倒裝1.(2019·天津卷)這位教授警告學(xué)生們，在他的課堂上，決不能使用手機(jī)。Theprofessorwarnedthestudentsthaton_no_account_should_they_usemobilephonesinhisclass.Itisalsooneoftherarelocationsintheworldwherescientistscanobserveinrealtimetheecologicalandbiologicalprocessesthatoccurastheplantsandanimalsdevelopandevolve.它也是世界上罕見(jiàn)的地方之一，科學(xué)家可以在那里實(shí)時(shí)觀察植物和動(dòng)物進(jìn)化過(guò)程中發(fā)生的生態(tài)和生物過(guò)程。where引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句2.(2020·新高考山東卷)莫萊開(kāi)始自己去尋找，發(fā)現(xiàn)了附近的一個(gè)島，并開(kāi)始在那里種樹(shù)。Molaiwentlookingonhisownanddiscoveredanearbyislandwhere_he_began_to_plant_trees.WhatisspecialaboutthehoneyisthatitisproducedbytheearliestspeciesofChinesebee.這種蜂蜜的特殊之處在于它是由中國(guó)最早的蜜蜂釀造的。what引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句3.(2019·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)你需要的是一個(gè)允許你犯錯(cuò)的好老師。What_you_needisagreatteacherwholetsyoumakemistakes.[學(xué)生用書(shū)P200])decreasen．&v．(使)變小(使)減少(使)降低[先練會(huì)]——單句語(yǔ)法填空①Thenumberofcaraccidentsisonthedecrease.②Bytheendofthestudy,thatpercentagehaddecreasedbyhalf,to45percent.③Wehavenoideawhenthehousingpriceswilldecreasetothelevelwecanafford.④Therehasbeenadecreaseinourimportsovertheyears.[再寫(xiě)美]——同義替換⑤Thenumberofsuchpeopleisdecreasingnowwhichshowsthatpeoplearebecomingmorereasonable.→Thenumberofsuchpeopleison_the_decreasenowwhichshowsthatpeoplearebecomingmorereasonable.eq\a\vs4\al()(1)decreaseby... 減少了……decreaseto... 減少到……(2)onthedecrease 在減少[佳句背誦]Beingaddictedtoonlineshoppingfortoolong,accordingtoasurveyconductedrecently,willgreatlydecreasepeople'sdesiretotakepartinsocialactivities.根據(jù)最近進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)調(diào)查，長(zhǎng)時(shí)間沉迷于網(wǎng)絡(luò)購(gòu)物將極大地降低人們參加社交活動(dòng)的欲望。trapn．夾子；陷阱，圈套；困境v．使困住，使陷于；使落網(wǎng)[先練會(huì)]——單句語(yǔ)法填空①I(mǎi)wastrappedintotellingthethiefallIknew.②(2018·北京卷)Arescueworkerriskedhislifesavingtwotouristswhohad_been_trapped(trap)inthemountainsfortwodays.③(2019·天津卷)Thosewhodaretotryoftengetthemselvestrapped(trap)．④Onceyoufallintoatrap,itwillnotbeeasytogetoutofit.[再寫(xiě)美]——句式升級(jí)⑤(普通表達(dá))Hewastrappedinatrafficjam,sohehadtobepatient,waiting.(高級(jí)表達(dá))Trapped_in_a_traffic_jam,_hehadtobepatient，waiting.(過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ))eq\a\vs4\al()(1)set/layatrap布置陷阱fallintoatrap 落入陷阱/圈套(2)trapodoing... 誘騙某人做……be/gettrappedin... 被困在……中[佳句背誦](1)Thebigfireblockedthestairs，leavingdozensofpeopletrappedonthetopofthebuilding.大火封住了樓梯，使得幾十個(gè)人困在樓頂。(2)Thecarsblockingtheexitscouldturnthisplaceintoadeathtrap.那些堵住出口的汽車(chē)可能使這個(gè)地方成為死亡陷阱。owev．應(yīng)該做；對(duì)……負(fù)有……的義務(wù)；欠(帳、錢(qián)、人情等)；歸因于……；歸功于……[先練會(huì)]——單句語(yǔ)法填空①I(mǎi)mustsayIowealltheachievementstotheencouragementandhelpfrommycolleaguesandfriends.②Whereverwearetoday,weoweittoourparentswhohavegivenandtaughtussomuch.③Owing(owe)tostaffshortages,therewasnorestaurantcaronthetrain.[再寫(xiě)美]——詞匯/句式升級(jí)④(普通表達(dá))Thankstohisoptimismandperseverance,hewasadmittedintoPekingUniversity.(高級(jí)表達(dá))It_was_owing_to_his_optimism_and_perseverance_thathewasadmittedintoPekingUniversity.(強(qiáng)調(diào)句型)eq\a\vs4\al()(1)owesb.anapology該向某人道歉owesb.sth.＝owesth.tosb. 欠某人某物(2)owe...to... 把……歸功于……oweittosb.that... 多虧某人……(3)owingto 因?yàn)?；由于[佳句背誦]OnlyaftermyfriendtoldmethetruthdidIknowIhadmisunderstoodyou,soIthinkIoweyouasincereapology.只是我的朋友告訴我真相后，我才知道我誤解了你，所以我想我欠你一個(gè)真誠(chéng)的道歉。comparisonn．比較[先練會(huì)]——單句語(yǔ)法填空①Thisonecostsmorebutischeaperby/incomparison.②Shakespearecomparedtheworldtoastage.③(2019·江蘇卷)Thefirstuniquehumancharacteristicisthathumanshaveextraordinarilylargebrainscompared(compare)withotheranimals.[再寫(xiě)美]——一句多譯和其他學(xué)生相比，邁克更加勤勉一些。④Compared_with/tootherstudents,Mikeismorediligent.(compare)⑤In_comparison_withotherstudents,Mikeismorediligent.(comparison)eq\a\vs4\al()(1)by/incomparison相比之下，比較起來(lái)by/incomparisonwith... 和……相比較(2)comparevt. 比較；把……比作vi. 相比comparedwith/to... 和……比起來(lái)，與…… 相比compare...to... 把……比作……(3)without/beyondcompare 無(wú)與倫比；舉世無(wú)雙[佳句背誦]Thedriver'sinjuriesweretrivialincomparisonwiththoseofthepassengers.司機(jī)所受的傷與那些乘客相比算是微不足道的了。否定詞位于句首的倒裝(教材原句)Norwouldtheyfailtoimaginehowitsnativeinhabitants,includingroyalpenguins,kingpenguins,andelephantseals,existedinperfectharmonywiththeirnaturalhabitatforthousandsofyears.他們也不會(huì)不去想象它的土著居民，包括皇家企鵝、企鵝王和象海豹，數(shù)千年來(lái)是如何與它們的自然棲息地和諧共存的。[先練會(huì)]——單句語(yǔ)法填空/補(bǔ)全句子①LittledidIknowthatshehadalreadyleft.②NeverhaveIseen(see)suchamovingfilm.③(2018·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ滿分作文)Thefilmisperfect.Never_have_I_seen_a_better_one(我從來(lái)沒(méi)有看過(guò)比這更好的電影了)before.④Notuntilsomeoneremindedhim_did_he_know(他才知道)themantoldalie.[再寫(xiě)美]——把下列句子改為倒裝句⑤Thelostcarwasnowheretobefound.→Nowhere_was_the_lost_car_to_be_found.⑥Inotonlyknewher,butIwasherbestfriend.→Not_only_did_I_know_her,_but_I_was_her_best_friend.⑦Hecouldn'tdoituntilhisfriendofferedtohelp.→Not_until_his_friend_offered_to_help_could_he_do_it.eq\a\vs4\al()否定詞位于句首，要用部分倒裝語(yǔ)序，即把謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的一部分(助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或be動(dòng)詞)提到主語(yǔ)之前。這類(lèi)否定詞或含有否定意義的短語(yǔ)主要有：no、not、never、little、hardly、seldom、scarcely、barely、notuntil、neither...nor...、notonly...butalso...、nosooner...than...、hardly...when...、innosense、innoway、innocase、bynomeans、onnoaccount/consideration、atnotime、undernocircumstances等。[佳句背誦]HeissuchanilltemperedmanthatonnoconditionwillIcooperatewithhim.他的脾氣太暴躁了，無(wú)論如何我都不會(huì)和他合作。[名師點(diǎn)津](1)當(dāng)notuntil位于句首時(shí)，notuntil所在的從句不用倒裝語(yǔ)序，主句要用倒裝語(yǔ)序。(2)notonly...butalso...連接兩個(gè)并列句且notonly位于句首時(shí)，前者用倒裝語(yǔ)序后者不用倒裝語(yǔ)序。(3)neither...nor...連接并列的句子且neither位于句首時(shí)(因neither/nor都是具有否定意義的詞)前后兩句都用倒裝語(yǔ)序。[學(xué)生用書(shū)P201])提能訓(xùn)練一閱讀理解障礙詞Ⅰ.語(yǔ)境辨義——根據(jù)語(yǔ)境寫(xiě)出加黑詞的詞性及含義1．(2020·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)Thekidsapparentlyknowthetruth.Butourinsistingit'smerelyawindowhaskeptthemfromattemptingmillionsofrequeststoopenthedoor.adv.明顯地2．(2020·天津卷7月)Librarieswilloftenholdreading-groupsessionstargetedatvariousagegroups.n．會(huì)議3．(2020·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)Thefurtradekeptnutriaincheckfordecades,butwhenthemarketfornutriacollapsedinthelate1980s,thecat-sizedanimalsmultipliedlikecrazy.v．崩潰4．(2019·天津卷)Rapideconomicdevelopmentthreatensanimalhabitats.n．棲息地Ⅱ.熟詞生義——根據(jù)語(yǔ)境寫(xiě)出加黑詞的詞性及含義1．(2019·北京卷)Afterwards,sheandherfathersecuredtheirfirstbusinessmeetingwithasupermarketowner,whofinallyagreedtosellMoore'sproduct—CanCandy.v.實(shí)現(xiàn)；取得2．Thepopulationexplodesto40，000duringthetouristseason.v.暴漲；突然增加3．Hespentalotofmoneyinsatisfyingtheappetiteforexcitementandamusement.n.要求；欲望4．(2020·浙江卷7月)Theresultsheldtrueevenafterthescientistsaccountedfortheparticipants'overallhealthstatus.n.狀況Ⅲ.一詞多義1.根據(jù)語(yǔ)境選出rare的詞性及含義A．a(chǎn)dj.稀少的；稀罕的 B．a(chǎn)dj.杰出的；極好的C．a(chǎn)dj.半熟的；半生的(1)Ontherareoccasionswhentheymethehardlyevendaredspeaktoher.__A__(2)Inthiscountry,thicktunasteaksareeatenrare,likebeef.__C__(3)Ferrishasarareabilitytorecordherobservationsonpaper.__B__2.根據(jù)語(yǔ)境選出multiply的詞性及含義eq\x(A.v.乘；乘以B.v.成倍增加；迅速增加C.v.繁殖，增殖)(1)Itispossibletomultiplythesebacteriainthelaboratory.__C__(2)Wehavemanycaseswherehardworkaswellasgoodcommunicationskillshavemultipliedone'schancesofsuccessinthepastyears.__B__(3)Thechildrenarealreadylearningtomultiplyanddivide.__A__3.根據(jù)語(yǔ)境選出depart的詞性及含義eq\x(A.v.離開(kāi)；起程B.v.偏離；違背)(1)Whyisitinthiscountrythatwehavedepartedfromgoodeducationalsense?__B__(2)Shewaiteduntilthelastoftheguestshaddeparted.__A__提能訓(xùn)練二話題微寫(xiě)作(單元詞匯、句式、語(yǔ)法綜合運(yùn)用)1．補(bǔ)全要點(diǎn)句①人類(lèi)活動(dòng)的加劇已經(jīng)威脅到許多動(dòng)物的棲息地，甚至造成某些動(dòng)物滅絕。(endanger,habitat,dieout)Theaggravationofhumanactivitieshasendangered_the_habitat_of_many_animalsandevencausedsomeanimalsto_die_out．②人類(lèi)食用野生動(dòng)物造成病毒傳播，降低了人類(lèi)免疫力，對(duì)動(dòng)物界的干預(yù)打破了生態(tài)平衡，造成混亂。(virus,immunity,intervention,ecological,chaos)Humanconsumptionofwildanimalscausesthe_spread_of_virusandreduceshumanimmunity,_andthe_intervention_in_the_animal_kingdom_breaks_the_ecological_balance_and_caused_chaos．③人類(lèi)應(yīng)該為此負(fù)責(zé)。(beresponsiblefor)Humanbeingsshouldbe_responsible_for_this．④很明顯，想要一勞永逸地解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題是不可能的。(apparently,onceandforall)Apparently,_itisimpossibletosolvethisproblemonce_and_for_all．⑤我們要做的事是提出切實(shí)可行的措施，分階段實(shí)現(xiàn)保護(hù)動(dòng)物的目標(biāo)。(what主語(yǔ)從句，comeupwith,conservation)What_we_need_to_doistocome_up_with_practical_measurestoachievethe_goal_of_animal_conservationinstages.⑥動(dòng)物應(yīng)該成為人類(lèi)的朋友，而不是我們肚中的營(yíng)養(yǎng)物。(nutrient)Animalsshouldbefriendsofhumanbeings,not_nutrients_in_our_stomachs．2．升級(jí)平淡句⑦將句③用強(qiáng)調(diào)句型改寫(xiě)It_is_human_beings_that_should_be_responsible_for_this.⑧將句⑥用not...but...改寫(xiě)Animals_should_not_be_nutrients_in_our_stomachs_but_be_friends_of_human_beings._3．銜接成美文(注意使用適當(dāng)?shù)倪^(guò)渡銜接詞匯：furthermore,so,inmyopinion)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Onepossibleversion：Theaggravationofhumanactivitieshasendangeredthehabitatofmanyanimalsandevencausedsomeanimalstodieout.Furthermore,humanconsumptionofwildanimalscausesthespreadofvirusandreduceshumanimmunity,andtheinterventionintheanimalkingdombreakstheecologicalbalanceandcausedchaos.Itishumanbeingsthatshouldberesponsibleforthis.Apparently,itisimpossibletosolvethisproblemonceandforall.So,whatweneedtodoistocomeupwithpracticalmeasurestoachievethegoalofanimalconservationinstages.Inmyopinion,animalsshouldnotbenutrientsinourstomachsbutbefriendsofhumanbeings.提能訓(xùn)練三讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)29——用形容詞和副詞增加細(xì)節(jié)描述Ⅰ.翻譯實(shí)踐(表示疲憊)→普通表達(dá)：她疲憊不堪。Shewastired/exhausted.→概括描述：用適當(dāng)?shù)母痹~修飾形容詞Shewasextremely/terriblytired/exhausted.→細(xì)節(jié)描述：增加疲憊的表現(xiàn)＋句型疲憊的表現(xiàn)：沒(méi)力氣、走不動(dòng)、掙扎著站起來(lái)等句型：too...to...結(jié)構(gòu)她坐在椅子上等著，一點(diǎn)力氣也沒(méi)有。Shesatonachairwaiting,without_any_strength．她掙扎著站起來(lái)，太累了以至于走不動(dòng)了。Shestruggled_to_her_feetandwastoo_tired_to_move_on．Ⅱ.迷你語(yǔ)料庫(kù)[修辭(figureofspeech)——夸張(exaggeration)]1．Thenalongcamethisfishaboutthesizeofahouse.2．It'sacrimetostayinsideonsuchabeautifulday.3．Seeingsuchaterriblescene,hefoundscoresofarrowspiercingherchest.4．Ayounggirlbroughtthehousedownwithacharmingballetdance.A卷——小題夯基練[學(xué)生用書(shū)P438(單獨(dú)成冊(cè))]Ⅰ.語(yǔ)境填詞1．Theexhibitiondemonstratessuchendangered(瀕臨滅絕的)animalsasthegiantpandaandtheSiberiantigeranddescribestheworkbeingdonetoprotectthem.2．Weattemptedtopersuadetheoldladytobelievethattheplaneissecure(安全的)．3．Comparison(比較)maymakesomethingappearmorebeautifulthanitiswhenseenalone.4．Mary,Iheardtherewasanexplosion(爆炸)inLuzhou.Couldyoutellmehowitcameabout?5．Thegovernmentsneedtolookatwaysofgivingthosewhoexploittheresourcesoftheseaaninterestintheirconservation(保護(hù))．6．Whatyouarerequiredtodoaccordingtotherulesisthatyoushouldplacebackthebooktotheplacewhereitbelongsbeforeyourdeparture(離開(kāi))．7．Asiswidelyaccepted,intheMiddleEastArabsgreeteachotherbytouchingnoses,butthisisnotapolitewayofgreeting(問(wèn)候)inothercultures.8．Inancienttimes,peoplerarely(很少)traveledlongdistancesandmostfarmersonlytraveledasfarasthelocalmarket.9．Youwillsucceedintheendunlessyougiveuphalfway(中途)．Ⅱ.詞形轉(zhuǎn)換和動(dòng)詞的形式變換(用所給詞的正確形式填空)1．(2019·天津卷)Wesucceedinourfieldofspecializationandthenbecometrapped(trap)init.2．(2018·江蘇卷)Children'scomparing(compare)themselvestoothersonlinemayleadtolowerself-identityandconfidence.3．Therewasatimewhenconservation(conserve)meantkeepingpeopleawayfromnature.4．(2019·江蘇卷)Theexplosion(explode)hadleftaholemorethanfortymilesacross—muchtoohugetobeseenfromanywhereatgroundlevel.5．Customersrarely(rare)haveanopportunitytowatchthecooksdoingthecookingonthespotalthoughitsoundsquitenormalforanycook.6．(2019·江蘇卷)ChrisandTimworkatazoo,helpingendangered(endanger)craneswiththeirreproduction.7．Hekeptusinformedofthefactthatpersonalinformationsecurity(secure)isparticularlyimportant.Ⅲ.固定用法和搭配(在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式)1．IoweittoyouthatIhavemadegreatprogressinmyEnglish.2．Anexplosionhappenedinthemine,leaving(leave)twenty-twominerstrapped.3．Mymotherhasnoappetiteforfood,soIcooksomedisheseasytodigestforher.4．Alocalnewspaperremarkedthatthenumberofliterarymasterpieceswasonthedecrease.5．Compared(compare)withthesizeofthewholeearth,thehighestmountaindoesn'tseemhighatall.6．Ifyougoonworkinglikethat，youwillbreakdownsoonerorlater.7．Somemeasuresareneededtosecurethenecessitiesfrom/againstterrorists.Ⅳ.完成句子/句型轉(zhuǎn)換/一句多譯1．湯姆從沒(méi)想到過(guò)這個(gè)國(guó)家的安全形勢(shì)會(huì)那么嚴(yán)峻。Never_did_it_occur_to_Tomthatthesecuritysituationinthiscountrywouldbesosevere.2．這位同志幫了你很多，你應(yīng)該請(qǐng)他吃頓飯。Thecomradehashelpedyoualot,soyouowe_it_to_him_to_treat_him_to_dinner．3．RepresentingmygovernmentIhavethehonourtosubmitthefollowingstatisticstoyou.→On_behalf_ofmygovernmentIhavethehonourtosubmitthefollowingstatisticstoyou.4．Itrainedheavilyinthesouth,whichcausedseriousfloodinginseveralprovinces.→Itrainedheavilyinthesouth,causing_serious_flooding_in_several_provinces．(現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ))5．如果你把哥倫比亞和查爾斯頓相比，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)前者是一個(gè)年輕的城市。(1)If_you_compareColumbiawithCharleston，youwillfindtheformerisayoungcity.(if引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句)(2)Compared_with_Charleston,_Columbiaisayoungcity.(過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ))(3)Comparing_Columbia_with_Charleston,_youwillfindtheformerisayoungcity.(現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ))(4)In_comparison_with_Charleston,_Columbiaisayoungcity.(介詞短語(yǔ))B卷——大題提能練[學(xué)生用書(shū)P439(單獨(dú)成冊(cè))]Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2021·北京大興區(qū)質(zhì)檢)Didyouknowthatalmost100%ofthematerialsinyourmobilephonecanberecoveredandrecycledtogenerateenergyormakenewproducts,suchasplasticproducts,electronicsorevenjewelry?Everymobilephonecontainssignificantamountsofcopper,aluminum,gold,plasticandothernon-metalsthatcanberecycledandreused.TheSingtelxSingPostE-wasteRecyclingProgramme,launchedonWorldEnvironmentDay,5thJune2017,isacooperationbetweenthetwoleadingICTandpostalcompaniesaspartoftheirenvironmentalsustainabilityefforts.CalledReCYCLE,theprogrammeprovidesthemeansforpeopletodotheirpartfortheenvironmentbyrecyclingtheirmobileandInternetrelatedelectronicwastesuchasmobilephonesandchargers,laptopsandtablets,modemsandrouters,andotherrelatedaccessories(配件)．TheseunwanteddevicescanbedroppedoffintotheReCYCLEbinsatselectedSingtelShopandSingtelExclusiveRetaileroutletsandPostOffices.YoucanalsoaskforaReCYCLEenvelopefromanySingtelShopandSingtelExclusiveRetaileroutlets,andPostOffices,andmailyourmobiledeviceandaccessoriesatnocharge.Thisprogrammereduceswasteasitensuresthatthevaluablemetalsandcomponentsthedevicescontaingetrecovered.However,e-wastethatisoftenthrownaway,includingallthepreciousmetalsthatitcontains,willbeburntandlandfilledatSemakauLandfill.Isthedatainmye-wastesafewhensentforrecycling?WeassuredthatallstoragemediadeviceslikeSIMcards,memorycards,USBflashdrivesandharddrivesaresafeforrecycling.Cimelia,oure-wasterecyclingpartnerisareliableandNEA-licensedcompany,whichisonlyinterestedinextracting(提取)thepreciousmetalsfromthedevices,NOTthedatainthem.Thedeviceswillgothroughacrushingprocessforsecuredestructionafterthewholeextractionprocess.【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了ReCYCLE回收項(xiàng)目的內(nèi)容、如何進(jìn)行回收以及回收的意義。1．WhywastheprogrammeReCYCLEestablished?A．Tocallonpeopletosortoutwaste.B．Toadvertiseforatrustworthycompany.C．Topromoteanewkindofelectronicproduct.D．Tocollectmaterialsforco-friendlypurpose.D解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容可知，ReCYCLE回收項(xiàng)目通過(guò)回收移動(dòng)和互聯(lián)網(wǎng)相關(guān)的電子廢物等，給人們提供了為環(huán)保出一份力的方式。以及第五段中的“Thisprogrammereduceswasteasitensuresthatthevaluablemetalsandcomponentsthedevicescontaingetrecovered.(這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃減少了浪費(fèi)，因?yàn)樗_保設(shè)備中的貴重金屬和部件得到回收。)”由此可知，這個(gè)回收項(xiàng)目的目的是收集電子材料，為環(huán)保出一份力。分析選項(xiàng)可知D項(xiàng)(收集材料以達(dá)到環(huán)保的目的)符合題意。故選D。2．Itcanbelearnedfromthepassagethatpeoplemay________．A．mailthedevicesforfreeB．leavethedevicesatanyPostOfficeC．findyourpersonalinformationexposedtoothersD．delivertheharddrivestoCimelia'sreliablepartnerA解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“YoucanalsoaskforaReCYCLEenvelopefromanySingtelShopandSingtelExclusiveRetaileroutlets,andPostOffices,andmailyourmobiledeviceandaccessoriesatnocharge.(您還可以向任何新加坡電信商店、新加坡電信獨(dú)家零售店和郵局索取ReCYCLE信封，并免費(fèi)郵寄您的移動(dòng)設(shè)備和配件。)”可知，郵寄設(shè)備是免費(fèi)的。故選A。3．Theprogrammeattachesmoreimportanceto________．A．recyclingmetal B．savingelectricityC．reducingplastic D．collectingdataA解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段內(nèi)容可知，這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃確保設(shè)備中的貴重金屬和部件得到回收。這些經(jīng)常被丟棄的電子垃圾，包括它所含的所有貴金屬，將會(huì)被焚燒和填埋。再根據(jù)最后一段中的“whichisonlyinterestedinextracting(提取)thepreciousmetalsfromthedevices,NOTthedatainthem.”可知，它只對(duì)從設(shè)備中提取貴金屬感興趣。由此可推出，這個(gè)項(xiàng)目更加重視金屬的回收利用。故選A。4．Whereisthispassagemostlikelytohavebeentakenfrom?A．Afashionmagazine.B．Ascienceweekly.C．Achemistrytextbook.D．Ashoppingwebsite.B解析：文章出處題。文章主要介紹了ReCYCLE回收項(xiàng)目的內(nèi)容、如何進(jìn)行回收以及回收的意義。且本文中涉及許多科技產(chǎn)品及科技術(shù)語(yǔ)，所以應(yīng)該出自科技周刊。故選B。B(2021·華中師大附中質(zhì)檢)Whenshefirststartedlearningabouttheclimatechangefromoneofherelders,FawnSharpwasinvitedonahelicopterflightovertheOlympicMountainstosurveytheMountAndersonglacier.Buttheglacierwasgone,meltedbythewarmingclimate.Sharphadadeepsenseoflosswhenshediscoveredtheglacierwasn'tthereanymore.Lossisagrowingissueforpeopleworkingandlivingonthefrontlinesofclimatechange.AndthatgaveJenniferWrenAtkinson,afull-timelecturerattheUniversityofWashingtonBothell,US,anideaforaclass.Thisterm,shetaughtstudentsontheBothellcampusabouttheemotionalburdensofenvironmentalstudies.SheusedtheexperiencesofNativeAmericantribes(部落),scientistsandactivists,andaskedher24studentstofacetherealitythatthereisnoeasyfix—that“thisissuchanintractableproblemthatthey'regoingtobedealingwithitfortherestoftheirlives.”StudentCodyDillonusedtobeaclimatescienceskeptic(懷疑論者).Thenhedidhisownreadingandresearch,andchangedhismind.Dillonwasn'tgoingintoenvironmentalwork—hewasacomputer-sciencemajor.Yet,thepotentialforaworldwideenvironmentalcatastropheseemedsorealtohimfiveyearsagothathequithisjobandbecameafull-timevolunteerforanenvironmentalgroupthatworkedonrestoration(恢復(fù))projects.Sixmonthsintothework,hedecidedthatAtkinson'sclasswasjustwhathewaslookingfor—aplacewherehecoulddiscusshisconcernsaboutachangingclimate.Atkinsonsaidshehopedtheclasshelpedherstudentspreparethemselvesfortheamountofenvironmentallossthatwillhappenovertheirlifetimes.“Wearealreadychangingtheplanet—somanyspeciesaregoingtobelost,displacedormassivelyimpacted，”shesaid.“Thefutureisn'tgoingtobewhattheyimagined.”【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。菲恩·夏普通過(guò)一次搭乘直升機(jī)飛行的經(jīng)歷認(rèn)識(shí)到了冰川融化的嚴(yán)重性，同時(shí)珍妮弗·雷恩·阿特金森給學(xué)生開(kāi)設(shè)了課程，教學(xué)生如何面對(duì)氣候變化，她的課程讓很多學(xué)生關(guān)注環(huán)境問(wèn)題。5．WhydidtheauthormentionthecaseofFawnSharp?A．TolayabasisforFawnSharp'sfurtherresearch.B．ToproveFawnSharp'sworkissimilartoAtkinson's.C．Toleadintotheissueoflosscausedbyclimatechange.D．Toshowscientists'concernabouttheMountAndersonglacier.C解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段可知，菲恩·夏普在一次搭乘直升機(jī)飛行時(shí)意識(shí)到氣候變化導(dǎo)致了冰川融化；由此可推知，作者在第一段中提及菲恩·夏普的例子是為了引出下文氣候變化導(dǎo)致環(huán)境問(wèn)題的話題，故選C。6．What'sthemainpurposeofAtkinson'sclass?A．Toexplorehowdifferentpeopledealwithclimatechange.B．Togetstudentsmoreconcernedabouttheenvironmentalissue.C．TofindsolutionstotheenvironmentalissueofOlympicMountains.D．Toteachstudentshowtoconductresearchaboutenvironment.B解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“shetaughtstudents...theemotionalburdensofenvironmentalstudies...andaskedher24studentstofacetherealitythatthereisnoeasyfix—that‘thisissuchanintractableproblemthatthey'regoingtobedealingwithitfortherestoftheirlives.’(她給學(xué)生講環(huán)境研究的情感壓力……她讓她的24個(gè)學(xué)生面對(duì)沒(méi)有簡(jiǎn)單的解決方法這個(gè)事實(shí)——這是‘一個(gè)如此困難的問(wèn)題以至于學(xué)生們將用他們的余生來(lái)解決它?！?”由此可知，阿特金森的課程目的是讓學(xué)生們更加關(guān)注環(huán)境問(wèn)題，故選B。7．Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“intractable”underlinedinparagraph3?A．Simple. B．Difficult.C．Common. D．Interesting.B解析：詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)上文可知，阿特金森用美洲土著部落、科學(xué)家以及積極分子們的經(jīng)歷讓她的24個(gè)學(xué)生面對(duì)沒(méi)有簡(jiǎn)單的解決方法這個(gè)事實(shí)，并結(jié)合該句“thisissuchanintractableproblemthatthey'regoingtobedealingwithitfortherestoftheirlives”可知，這是一個(gè)如此困難的問(wèn)題以至于學(xué)生們將用他們的余生來(lái)解決它，故選B。8．HowdidAtkinson'sclassinfluenceDillon?A．Itmadehimworkasapart-timevolunteerforrestorationprojects.B．Itmadehimrealizeaplanet-wideclimatedisasterwouldhappen.C．Itencouragedhimtobemoreinvolvedinenvironmentalprotection.D．Itdiscouragedhimtoworkonrestorationprojectsfortheenvironment.C解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段內(nèi)容可知，迪隆在環(huán)保組織做了六個(gè)月志愿者之后，他認(rèn)為在阿特金森的課堂上他可以討論他對(duì)氣候變化的擔(dān)憂；由此可推知，阿特金森的課程鼓勵(lì)迪隆參與到環(huán)境保護(hù)中來(lái)，故選C。Ⅱ.完形填空(2021·煙臺(tái)高考適應(yīng)性訓(xùn)練)Yearsago,mygrandmotherwasinanursinghome.Shewasaretireduniversityprofessor,whichbroughtheranoceanof__1__shehadtaughtbefore.Insharp__2__withmygrandmother,almostnoonecametoseetheoldmannextdoor.Hewas__3__mostofthetime.OnceI__4__him,“Howareyoudoingrecently？”Hegavemealook,sayingnothing.Thinkinghewas__5__ofhearing,Iraisedmyvoiceandaskedagain.Hejustshookhisheadslightly.Afteralongwhile,findingIwas__6__there,hejustsaid,“Fine.”Thenhelookedaway.Ihadtoshutup,feelingrather__7__．Later,Ilearnedthattheoldmanhadgotquiteafewcompaniesfromhisfamily.Sincehewasnotagood__8__，heannoyedmanypeopleandevenmadehisfamilyandfriends__9__.And__10__，hiscompaniesallfailed.Sowhatisthemostimportant__11__apersoncanhave?Perhapsyouthinkmakingmoneyistheanswer.No!Buttheabilityto__12__yourthoughtsis.It'sextremelyimportantforapersontolearntoputwhathethinksinto__13__.Itmakesarelationship__14__andacareerflourish(繁榮).I'mafraidthisissomethingmanyofus__15__.Justthink:Howmanyofushaveeverhurtthosewholoveusjustbecausewearenotgoodatspeaking?So,moreoftenthannot,itisnotwhatwethinkbuthowwespeakthatdetermineshowfarwecangoinlife.【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者從養(yǎng)老院一個(gè)不太會(huì)說(shuō)話的老人身上認(rèn)識(shí)到一個(gè)人最重要的能力是會(huì)說(shuō)話(用語(yǔ)言表達(dá)自己的想法)，我們說(shuō)話的方式?jīng)Q定了我們的人生高度。1．A.neighbors B．friendsC．relatives D．visitorsD解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她是一名退休的大學(xué)教授，所以有很多她教過(guò)的學(xué)生來(lái)探望她。neighbor意為“鄰居”，friend意為“朋友”，relative意為“親戚”，visitor意為“訪問(wèn)者”。根據(jù)下文的“Insharp______withmygrandmother,almostnoonecametoseetheoldmannextdoor.”可知，與“我”祖母形成鮮明對(duì)比的是，幾乎沒(méi)有人來(lái)看隔壁的老人，這說(shuō)明來(lái)探望“我”祖母的人很多，故D項(xiàng)正確。2．A.agreement B．contrastC．conflict D．companyB解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：與我祖母形成鮮明對(duì)比的是，幾乎沒(méi)有人來(lái)看隔壁的老人。agreement意為“(意見(jiàn)或看法)一致”，contrast意為“對(duì)比”，conflict意為“沖突”，company意為“陪伴”。上文說(shuō)“我”祖母是一名退休的大學(xué)教授，所以有很多人來(lái)探望她，再結(jié)合下文的“almostnoonecametoseetheoldmannextdoor”可知，幾乎沒(méi)有人來(lái)看隔壁的老人，這與“我”祖母形成鮮明的對(duì)比，故B項(xiàng)正確。3．A.alone B．calmC．high-spirited D．impatientA解析：考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他大部分時(shí)間都是獨(dú)自一人。alone意為“獨(dú)自的”，calm意為“冷靜的”，high-spirited意為“興致勃勃的”，impatient意為“不耐煩的”。上文說(shuō)幾乎沒(méi)有人來(lái)看隔壁的老人，所以他大部分時(shí)間都是獨(dú)自一人，故A項(xiàng)正確。4．A.questioned B．greetedC．encountered D．encouragedB解析：考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：有一次我跟他打招呼，“你最近怎么樣？”，他看了我一眼，什么也沒(méi)說(shuō)。question意為“詢問(wèn)”，greet意為“問(wèn)候、打招呼”，encounter意為“遭遇”，encourage意為“鼓勵(lì)”。根據(jù)下文的“Howareyoudoingrecently？”可知，“我”跟那個(gè)老人打招呼，“你最近怎么樣？”，故B項(xiàng)正確。5．A.tired B．a(chǎn)shamedC．hard D．shortD解析：考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我以為他聽(tīng)力不太好，就提高嗓音又問(wèn)了一遍。tired意為“厭煩的”，ashamed意為“羞愧的”，hard意為“困難的”，short意為“不足的”。上文說(shuō)有一次“我”跟他打招呼，他只是看了我一眼，什么也沒(méi)說(shuō)，再結(jié)合下文的“Iraisedmyvoiceandaskedagain”可知，“我”提高嗓音又問(wèn)了一遍，這說(shuō)明“我”以為他聽(tīng)力不太好，beshortof意為“……不足”，故D項(xiàng)正確。6．A.always B．a(chǎn)