2020屆二輪復(fù)習(xí)閱讀理解專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練任務(wù)型閱讀

2020屆二輪復(fù)習(xí)閱讀理解專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練（任務(wù)型閱讀）1任務(wù)型閱讀（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）請(qǐng)認(rèn)真閱讀下面短文，并根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一個(gè)最恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。注意：請(qǐng)將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上相應(yīng)題號(hào)的橫線上。每個(gè)空格只填一個(gè)單詞。ChinaUsingMobileAppstoFollowSpreadofCoronavirusPeopleinChinaareusingappsonmobilephonestofollowandperhapshelpslowthespreadofthenewcoronavirus,COVID-19.Someoftheappsprovidethelatestinformationaboutareashitbythevirus,whileotherscollectdataoninfectedpersons.TheChinesegovernmentisworkingwithtwoofthecountry’slargesttechnologycompaniestokeeptrackofthedisease.Thetwo,AlibabaGroupandTencentHoldings,createdcolor-basedsystemsthatrecordthehealthofindividualsandidentifycarriersofthecoronavirus.InFebruary,Alipay,apaymentappoperatedbyAlibaba,releasedasystemthatusescoloredQRCodestoshowthehealthofpeopleinthecityofHangzhou.AQRcodeisasignasmartphonecanreadwithitscamera.Oncethesignisrecognized,thephonetakestheuserdirectlytoaninternetlinkwithinformationaboutasubject.Aftercompletingthequestionnaire,usersreceiveamobilephonemessage.Itincludesacolor-basedQRCodethatrelatestothehealthsituationtheydescribed.Userswitharedcodearetoldtoquarantinethemselvesfor14daysandcontinuereportingtheirconditionbyusingAlibaba’sDingTalkmessagingapp.Userswithayellowcodearetoldtostayinquarantinefor7days,whilethosewithagreencodecantravelfreely.ChinesestatemediasaidtheAlibabasystemwouldbedeployedattrainstations,alongmajorroadsandothertravelcheckpoints.Theyaddedthatthesystemisalsobeingusedinsomeneighborhoods.PeopleareaskedtoshowQRCodeswhenenteringtheirapartmentbuildings.Customersareaskedtodothesamebeforeenteringthelocalsupermarket.Alipaysaiditwasworkingwiththegovernmenttoexpandthesystemnationwide.Tencent,whichoperatesChina'spopularmessagingappWeChat,reportedthelaunchofasimilarQRCode-basedtrackingsystem.TencentdevelopedthesystemwithhelpfromChina'sNationalDevelopmentandReformCouncil,whichiscurrentlyinuseinthesoutherncityofShenzhen.OfficialssaidtheyexpectedittobedeployedtootherpartsofGuangdongprovincesoon.Evenbeforethelatestsystemswereannounced,manyChinesewerealreadyusingmappingandtravelappsinanefforttoavoidareaswithcoronavirusinfections.Oneoftheapps,developedbyWeChat,usesofficialreportstoidentifyplacesinthecitiesofShenzhenandGuangzhouwherecoronaviruscaseshavebeenconfirmed.OneuseroftheappstoldReutersshefindsthemapscanprovide“psychologicalcomfort.”Thewoman,whodidnotwantherfullnamereported,said:“Youcan’tguaranteetherewon’tbefreshcases,butyoucanavoidanareathat’salreadyhit.”ThetechnologywebsiteAbacusreportedthatcitizenscanrequestlocationdatafromtheirmobilephonecarriertoshowtheyhadnotbeeninaffectedareas.Thereportsaidthatifrequested,China’sstate-ownedtelecommunicationcompanieswillsendusersamessagelistingalltheareastheyhadvisitedwithinthepast14days.ChinaUsingMobileAppstoFollowSpreadofCoronavirusNewmobileappsThesespeciallydesignedappsinuseare71. atfollowingandslowingthespreadofCOVID-19.Thesesystemsmayhelptorevealthe72. ofthepersoninfectedwiththevirus.AlipaysystemPeoplecanget73. toonlineinformationoncetheQRcodesarerecognized.ThecolorsofQRcodes74. betweenred,yellowandwhiteinlinewithdifferenthealthsituations.Thesystemisnowconnectedwithpeople's75.lifeinsomeareas.Thecompanyplanstopromoteitata76.level.TencentsystemTencentreceived77. helpindevelopingthesystem.Thissystem78. thatofAlipayastheyarebothbasedonQRcodes.WeChat79. officialdatawithitsmappingappsandprovidespsychologicalcomfortforusers.Telecommunicationcompanies*Subscriberscan80. theirtravelconnectionwiththeinfectedareasthroughtheserviceofthecompanies.【答案】71.aimed72.identity73.access74.vary/range75.routine/daily/ernmental/government/official 78.bines80.clarify2任務(wù)型閱讀（共10小題，每小題1分，滿分10分）請(qǐng)認(rèn)真下面的短文，并根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容在文章后表格中的空格處填入一個(gè)最恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，注意：請(qǐng)將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上相應(yīng)題號(hào)的橫線上，每個(gè)空格只填一個(gè)單詞。Empathyisourinherentabilitytounderstandorfeelwhatanotherpersonisexperiencingfromwithintheotherperson’sframeofreference.Itallowsustoconnectwithotherswhoseemdifferent,makingusmoreawareofthethingswehaveincommon.Whenwetuneintoempathizewithothers,wearemorelikelytoactwithsympathytohelpreducetheirsuffering.And,whenweincreaseourcaringfortheenvironment,wearemorelikelytomakechoicesthathelppreserveitforfuturegenerations.Althoughempathyisavitalelementofournature,researchsuggeststhatempathycanbetaught,andthatcontactwithpeoplewhoaredifferentfromusinasafe,empathicwayisthefirststeptowardreducingprejudice.Thisiswheremuseumshavearoletoplay.Museumsaresafeandinformallearningplatforms,uniquelyequippedtoencouragevisitorstoimagine,explore,andexperiencerichhumanheritageandthenaturalworldfirsthand.Theyhavethecapabilitytobringtogetherarts,technology,sciences,andliteraturetoshowhowalllivingthingsarelinkedtoeachother.Museumsinspireempathyinusinanumberofways.Throughtheirsocialandeducationalmission(使命)，museumscanprovideasafespaceforexperiencingourcollectivebehavior,knowledge,complexhistories,andvalues.Byputtingpeopleinclosenesstootherpeople,sexperiences,theirculturesandstories,museumscanhelpusawakentodifferentrealitiesandmultipleperspectives(視角)thatexistaroundus.Personalanddiverseencounters意夕卜的相遇)withpeoplefromothercultures-andtheirideas,stories,andartifacts一createopportunitiesforauthenticdialoguewith“theother”：someonewhoisdifferentfromus,butsharesourworld.Alsomuseumsoftenpresentthestoriesofpeopleandplacesfaraway.Tellingstoriesfromthepointofviewofthepeopleandculturesfeaturedcanalsoincreaseoursenseofsharedhumanity,asweseehowothersfacefears,biases,andchallengessimilartoourown.Moreimportantly,museumsencouragecontemplation沉思)ofourworldbyprovidingaspacewherewecanslowdownandbewithwhatisbeforeus.Unlikemanyeverydaysettingswherethegoalisclear,peopleexploreinmuseumsontheirownschedule,movingfromexhibittoexhibitastheyseefit,followingtheirowninternalguidelines.Thisnaturallyallowsforamorereflectiveexperience.Throughthisreflection,visitorscanacquireadeeperunderstandingoftheviewpointsofothersandrecognizetheirownconnectiontoallofhumanityandtheplanet.MuseumsandempathyConcept ofempathyand(71) itbringsEmpathyreferstotheabilitytoplaceoneselfinanother's(72)_?Itcanmakeone(73) withother'ssufferingandbehaveinaway(74) totheenvironment.(75)___?ofMuseumsMuseums(76) visitorstotherichhumanheritageandthematuralworldwhichcaninspiretheir(77) andarousetheircuriosityunknown.Museumsshowhowalllivingthingsare(78) bycombiningarts,technology,sciences,andliterature.HowmuseumsincreaseempathyMuseumsholdamirrortosocietythroughwhichvisitorsget(79) to0thers'experiences,culturesandstoriesandthenacceptthedifferencesaroundthemAsaplaceofstorytellingmuseumscanhelppeoplebreakdownprejudiceandincreasetheirsenseofsharedhumanity.Museumsprovideasafespacewherevisitorscantaketimeto(80) oneverythingshownandunderstandothers'viewpointsbetter.【答案】71.benefits72.position73.sympathize74.friendly75.Functions76.expose/introduce77.imagination78.Linked/interconnected79.close80.reflect3任務(wù)型閱讀(共10小題，每小題1分，滿分10分)請(qǐng)認(rèn)真下面的短文，并根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容在文章后表格中的空格處填入一個(gè)最恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，注意：請(qǐng)將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上相應(yīng)題號(hào)的橫線上，每個(gè)空格只填一個(gè)單詞。EscapefromFoMOHere'satestyoumightenjoyratethesesituationsonanumberscal，rangingfrom1formilddiscomfortto7forunbearabledistress.Situation1：you'revisitingNewYorkCityandrealizethere'snowayyou'llbeabletogettoalltheexhibits,seealltherecommendedplaysortakeinevenpartofthe"musts".Howdoyoufeelnow?Somethinglike5?Situation2：you,reatdinnerwithfriends,andyou'veallagreedtomakeitastrictlyphone-freeevening.Butyoursmartphonewon'tstopbeepingTwitterandtextalerts.Somethingisobviouslyupinyoursocialnetwork,butyoucan'tcheck.Even7wouldn'tmatchthestressyou'refeelingnow.WelcometoFoMO(FearofMissingOut),thelatestmentaldisordercausedbysocialmediaconnectionssharingupdatesthatleavesindividualsfeelingthattheyaremissingoutonsomethingmoreexcitin,gimportant,orinterestinggoingonsomewhereelse.Itisanoutcomeoftechnologicaladvancementandboomingsocialinformation.Accordingtoarecentstudy56percentofthosewhousesocialnetworkssufferthis.Itisnotuncommonthatatnightwhenyou'veswornagaintoputthephoneasideorturnoffthecomputer,youcastonelastglanceatthescreenonyourwaytobedincaseyoumisssometitbit(趣聞)suppliedbymereacquaintancesorevenstrangers'requestingyour"friendship".Weallknowthestudiesshowingthatend-of-liferegretscentreonwhatwedidn'tdo,ratherthanonwhatwedid.Ifso,constantlywatchingothersdoingthingsthatwearenotisrichgroundforafutureoflookingbackinsorrow.Attractiveonlineimages-socharmingfromafar-makeFoMOmoredestructive.Technologyhasbecomethemajorconstructthroughwhichwedefineintimacy(親密).Youmaylookoninwonderassomeonetapsoutanendlesstextmessageinsteadofactuallytalkingtothepersonthey'rewithBeingconnectedtoeveryone，allthetime，isanewhumanexperience；we，rejustnotequippedtocopewithityet.Researcherssayourdependenceontechnologycanbereducedifwemanagetoseparateourselves,evenforshortperiodsoftimefromourgadgets.However,theproblemcanonlybesettledwhenwegraspthatourbrainsandourhumanity-notourtechnologies-enablethisaddiction.Wecannotseeksolutionswithouthonestlyaskingourselveswhywearesoafraidofmissingout.ResearchersfindFoMOoccursmostlyinpeoplewithunfulfilledpsychologicalneedsinfieldssuchaslove,respectandsecurity.FoMOlevelsarehighestinyoungpeople，inparticularyoungmen.What,then,canwedoaboutsomethingsodamagingtoourqualityoflife?ThebestwaytocopewithFoMOistorecognizethatatourfast-pacedlifqwearesometimesboundtomissoutInsteadoftryingtomaximizeourbenefitsweseekamerely"goodenough"result.Ifyoustilldoubtthat"goodenough"isthebestcureforFoMO,thewordsoftheAmericanessayistandpoetRalphWaldoEmersonmightstriketherightchord,"Foreverythingyouhavemissed,youhavegainedsomethingelse,andforeverythingyougain,youlosesomethingelse."EscapefromFoMOMainPointsDetailsConceptofFoMOFoMO,constantly(71) ourpeaceofmindreferstotheuneaseoffeelingthatwearenotpartofsocialconnection.Examples ofFoMO?Whenhavingdinnerwithfriends,wefeelextremelydepressedwhen(72) tocheckoursocialnetwork.?Determinedaswearetoputasidephones,wecan'tshiftour(73) fromthemuntilwegotobed.(74) behindFoMO?Technologydevelopsandsocialinformationexplodes.?Imagesofonlinefriends(75) moretous,comparedtoourrealworldfriends.?Someofusattempttofeel(76) Afulfilledonsocialnetwork.BadeffectsofFoMO?Weareconstantly(77) forthingsthatwedidn'tdo.?Communicatingwithfriendsinthevirtualworldgive(78) tothedeclineofimportantrelationshipswithfriendsandfamily.SuggestionsonavoidingFoMo?Get(798) fromthemoderntechnology.?Recognizethatmissingoutispartofourlife.?Acceptthat(80) cansometimesbe"ablessingindisguise".【答案】71.Disturbing72.Forbidden73.attention/focus/concentration74.Reasons/Triggers/Causes75.Appeal76.Psychologically

77.regretful/sorry78.Rise77.regretful/sorry78.Rise80.losses/loss79.separated/away/disconnected4任務(wù)型閱讀（10分）Thistimeofyear,thousandsofcollegeapplicantswaitfore-noticesandauspiciously（吉利地）sizedenvelopesfromschools,underterriblepressurefromtheirparents,friends,teachers,andthemselves.Astothis,Ioffersomeadvice,whichcomesnotonlyfromabitofexperience,butalsoabitofresearch:justcooloutandcontinue,okay?ManyparentsandstudentsthinkthereisaworldofdifferencebetweenthelifelongoutcomesofanAminusstudentwhogetsinto,say.Princeton,andanAminusstudentwhoappliestoPrincetonbut“only”getsintosomelessselectiveschool,likePennStateortheUniversityofWisconsin.TheyassumethatadecisionmadebyfacelessIvyLeagueadmissionsofficers,tosomeextent,willmarkthedifferencebetweensuccessandfailureinlife.Therearetwoimportantthingstosayaboutthisstress.First,toputtheanxietyintocontext,thekidsapplyingtotheseschoolsarealreadydoingquitewell.Seventypercentof29yearoldsdon'thaveabachelor'sdegree,andthemajorityofBAsareearnedatnonselectiveschoolsthatacceptamajorityoftheirapplicants.Manyoftheapplicantshavealreadywonlife'slottery.Butifthatdoesn'teasethenervesofthe40,000peoplewaitingonStanfordorPenn,hereisamoreencouragingconclusionfromeconomics.Formostapplicants,itdoesn'tmatteriftheydon'tgetintotheirtopchoice,accordingtoapaperbyStacyDale,amathematicianatMathematicaPolicyResearch,andAlanKrueger,aneconomistatPrincetonUniversity.Theytrackedtwogroupsofstudents-onethatattendedcollegeinthe1970sandtheotherintheearly1990s.TheywantedtoknowDidstudentsattendingthemostelitecollegesearnmoreintheir30s.40s.and50sthanstudentswithsimilarSATscores,whowererejectedbyelitecolleges?Theshortanswerwasno.Or,intheauthor'slanguage,thedifferencebetweenthestudentswhowenttosuperselectiveschoolsandthestudentswithsimilarSATscoresrejectedbythoseschoolsandwenttolessselectiveinstitutionswas“indistinguishablefromzero.”Whatdoesthatmean?Itmeansthat,formanystudents,“whoyouare”ismoreimportantthanwhereyougo.It'shardtoshowthathighlyselectivecollegesaddmuchearningpower,evenwiththeirdistinguishedprofessorsandprofessionalnetworks.Inaddition,thedecisionofadmissionsofficersisn'tasimportantasthesumofthedecisions,habits,andrelationshipsstudentshavebuiltuptothispointintheiryounglife.Fortheelite