句子成分分析

千里之行，始于足下讓知識(shí)帶有溫度。第第2頁/共2頁精品文檔推薦句子成分分析

【教材原句】HecouldnothaveYongHuigettingawaywithtellingpeoplelies！(P10)

他可不能讓雍慧欺騙人們卻不受懲處！

【句法分析】(1)havesb.doing意為“允許某人做某事”時(shí)，常用于否定句中；意為“使某人做某事”時(shí)，多用于絕對(duì)句中。

(2)havesb.do讓某人做某事。

(3)havesth.todo有事要做。

(4)havesth.done讓某人做某事

①Ican?thaveyouspeakingtoyourmotherinarudemanner.Youmustapologizetoherimmediately.

我不允許你用那種粗魯?shù)姆绞礁愕膵寢屨f話。你必需立即向她賠禮。

③TheteacherhadhisstudentsreadEnglisheverymorningforhalfanhour.

這位教師讓他的同學(xué)天天早上讀半個(gè)小時(shí)的英語。

課堂練習(xí)

1.Nochocolateforme—I?m______adiet.

A.at

B.in

C.on

D.with

2.Thechildsaidthathehad______thepenonthedesk,butIthoughthe______tome.

A.laid;lied

B.lain;lie

C.lied;lain

D.lied;lied

3.Mybrotherisonaspecial______tolose______weight.

A.food;/

B.food;his

C.diet;/

D.diet;his

4.Therearelotsof______inmybookshop.

A.visitors

B.guests

C.customers

D.passengers

5.Onemayneverknowthe______ofknowledgewithoutbeingeducated.

A.power

B.force

C.energy

D.strength

6.Idon?tknowhowhemanagedto______cheatingintheexam.

A.getawaywith

B.getawayfrom

C.getoutof

D.getbehindwith

7.Youcouldhaveseenfromhisfacethathehad______toyou.

A.lied

B.lay

C.laid

D.lain

8.Istruggledto______onmynewskates.

A.keepmybalance

B.offbalance

C.losemybalance

D.onbalance

9.Mymotherboughtanewskirtformeata______yesterday.

A.discount

B.bargain

C.pay

D.cost

10.Thechildshowscuriosity______everythingaroundhim.

A.of

B.on

C.about

D.at

11.Theexpertsconsulted______eachother______howtoreducethelosscausedbytheearthquakeinSichuan.

A.with;about

B.to;on

C.for;at

D.with;with

12.Ifyourknowledgecanbeinsomeway______withmyexperience,wearesuretosucceed.

A.joined

B.connected

C.united

Dbined

13.Whyareyouspying______meallthetime?Whatdoyouwanttospy______?

A.on;out

B.for;for

C.on;for

D.on;on

14.Aftertenyearsofhardwork,theyatlastgot______.

A.outofdebt

B.intodebt

C.indebt

D.outofdebts

15.Harryhasbeenoutworkforsixmonths,sohehasdifficult______.

A.earninglivings

B.earninghisliving

C.toearnlivings

D.toearnhisliving

16.Iparkedmycarrightherebutnowit…sgone.It______.

A.mustbestolen

B.maybestolen

C.musthavestolen

D.musthavebeenstolen

17.He______theworkyesterday,buthedidn…t.

A.musthavefinished

B.needfinish

C.finished

D.shouldhavefinished

18.Hedidnotpasstheexamination.Asagoodstudent,he______.

A.mustn…thavefailed

B.maynothavefailed

C.needn…thavefailed

D.shouldn'thavefailed

19.Mysister?sprofessorhadher________herpapermanytimesbeforeallowinghertopresentittothecommittee.

A.rewritten

B.towrite

C.rewrite

D.rewriting

20.Theyaregoingtohavetheserviceman_____anelectricfanintheofficetomorrow.

A.install

B.toinstall

C.tobeinstalled

D.installed

21.Sheisgoingtothephotographer?s_________.

A.totakeherphotograph

B.tohavetakenherphotograph

C.tohaveherphotographtaken

D.thathetakesherphotograph

22.They?llhaveyou________ifyoudon?tpayyourtaxes.

A.Tobearrested

B.arrest

C.arrested

D.beingarrested

23.JennyhopesthatMr.SmithwillsuggestagoodwaytohaveherwrittenEnglish_____inashortperiod.

A.improved

B.improving

C.toimprove

D.improve

24.DidPeterfixthecomputerhimself?

He_______,becausehedoesn?tknowmuchaboutcomputers.

A.hasitfixed

B.hadfixedit

C.haditfixed

D.fixedit

25.“Ican?tseetheblackboardverywell.”

“Perhapsyouneed______.”

A.toexamineyoureyes

B.tohaveyoureyesexamined

C.tohaveexaminedyoureyes

D.tobeexaminedyoureyes

26.Whodidtheteacherhave____anarticleforthewallnewspaperjustnow?

A.writing

B.write

C.towrite

D.written

27.“Doyouhaveanyclothes_______”,motheraskedJohn.

A．washB.washesC.towashD.tobewashed

28.Mymothercomplained:“mymotherdidn?thaveme__________afterteno?clock.”

A．returnhomeB.returninghomeC.toreturnhomeD.returnedhome

MembersofaSentence

（一）句子成分分析主語，謂語，表語，賓語

按照英語詞匯在英語句子中的地位和作用,英語句子的成分可分為主語、謂語、賓語、賓語補(bǔ)足語、表語、定語、狀語、同位語及自立成分等。其中，主語和謂語是句子的主要成分，普通狀況下，一個(gè)句子不能缺少這兩種成分。

1.主語subject：表示句子所要說明或描述的人或事物，普通由_____、________或相當(dāng)于名詞的詞組或句子充當(dāng)，置于________。如：

Duringthe1990s,Americancountrymusichasbecomemoreandmorepopular.（名詞）WeoftenspeakEnglishinclass.（代詞）

Toswimintheriverisagreatpleasure.（不定式）

Smokingdoesharmtothehealth.（動(dòng)名詞）

Therichshouldhelpthepoor.（名詞化的形容詞）

WhenwearegoingtohaveanEnglishtesthasnotbeendecided.（主語從句）

Itisnecessarytomasteraforeignlanguage.（it作形式主語，真正主語為后面的不定式）2.謂語predicate：說明或描述主語的動(dòng)作、狀態(tài)或特征，由________或動(dòng)詞短語充當(dāng)，是英語時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)變化的主角，位于主語之后.助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞加其他動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式也構(gòu)成謂語動(dòng)詞。如：

1、容易謂語：由一個(gè)動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語構(gòu)成。如：Hepracticesrunningeverymorning.

2、復(fù)合謂語：（1）由情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或其他助動(dòng)詞加動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成。

如：Youmaykeepthebookfortwoweeks.Hehascaughtabadcold.

（2）由系動(dòng)詞加表語構(gòu)成。如：Wearestudents.

3.表語predicative：表示主語的身份、性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)和特征，普通由_______、__________、或相當(dāng)于名詞、形容詞的詞、短語或句子充當(dāng)，位于________動(dòng)詞之后，與連系動(dòng)詞一起構(gòu)成句子的謂語。如：

OurteacherofEnglishisanAmerican.（名詞）

Isityours?（代詞）

Theweatherhasturnedcold.（形容詞）

Thespeechisexciting.（分詞）

Threetimessevenistwentyone?（數(shù)詞）

HisjobistoteachEnglish.（不定式）

Hishobby（興趣）isplayingfootball.（動(dòng)名詞）

Themachinemustbeoutoforder.（介詞短語）

Timeisup.Theclassisover.（副詞）

Thetruthisthathehasneverbeenabroad.（表語從句）

4.賓語object：指動(dòng)作所涉及的人或事物，是動(dòng)作的承受者。普通由名詞、代詞或相當(dāng)于名詞的詞組或句子充當(dāng)，位于________之后。如：

Theywenttoseeanexhibition（展覽）yesterday.（名詞）

Theheavyrainpreventedmeformcomingtoschoolontime.（代詞）

Howmanydictionariesdoyouhave?Ihavefive.（數(shù)詞）

Theyhelpedtheoldwiththeirhouseworkyesterday.（名詞化形容詞）

Hepretendednottoseeme.（不定式短語）

Ienjoylisteningtopopularmusic.（動(dòng)名詞短語）

Ithink（that）heisfitforhisoffice.（賓語從句）

賓語又分為__________賓語和___________賓語。普通而言，_______賓語代表人，而_______賓語指代物?？山与p賓語的常見動(dòng)詞有：ask,answer,give,offer,send,bring,pass,tell,show,teach,promise,lend

MotherboughtmeaVCR.=MotherboughtaVCRforme.

主語謂語間賓直賓主語謂語直賓間賓

Lendmeyourdictionary,please.

（二）容易句的五種基本句型

1、主語+系動(dòng)詞+表語：e.g.Heisastudent.

2、主語+不及物動(dòng)詞：e.g.Wework.

3、主語+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語：e.g.Henryboughtadictionary.

4、主語+及物動(dòng)詞+雙賓語（間接賓語+直接賓語）：e.g.Myfatherboughtmeacar.

5、主語+及物動(dòng)詞+復(fù)合賓語（賓語+賓補(bǔ)）：e.g.Tommadethebabylaugh.

注：其他各種句子都可由這一種基本句型擴(kuò)展、變化或省略而構(gòu)成。

分析下列句子成分

1.Whetherwe’llgodependsontheweather.

2.DidyouseeLiMingplayingfootballontheplaygroundjustnow?

3.Thatwashowtheyweredefeated.

4.Thatthedrivercouldnotcontrolhiscarwasobvious.

5.I’llreturnthebooktoyoutomorrow.

挑選填空：

1.____willleaveforBeijing.

A.Nowtheretheman

B.Themanherenow

C.Themanwhoisherenow

D.Themanisherenow

2.Theweather____.

A.wetandcold

B.iswetandcold

C.notwetandcold

D.werewetandcold

3.Theappletasted____.

A.sweets

B.sweetly

C.nicely

D.sweet