英語四級閱讀理解全真模擬題(72-100)

第二部分閱讀理解全真模擬題(Units10-16)

Unit10

Passage1

"Fathersshouldbeneitherseennorheard."wroteOscar

Wilde."Thisistheonlyproperbasisforfamilylife."It'shard

tosaywhatWildewouldhavethoughtofthisweek'scover

photoorthepicturesinsideofdadsandtheirchildren.

Severalclearlydefytheoutdatedideaoffathersas

detachedfromtheparentingprocess.Andthat'sjustwhat

thephotographersintended.

GregoryHeisler,whodidthecoverphotograph,sayshe

wantedtheimagetoshowgenuineaffection.So,rather

thanuseprofessionalmodels,hewentoutandfoundsome

"realdadsandtheirrealkids."AddsHeisler:"Insteadof

doingsomeslick,over-producedshot,Iwantedsomething

moreauthentictotheexperienceofbeingafather."This

isn'tthefirsttimethatHeisler,39,hasconveyedcomplex

ideasforthecoverofTlME.Hisphotographshavegraced

thefrontofthemagazinesome20times,rangingfrom

OlympicathleteJackieJoyner-KerseeanddirectorDavid

LynchtoformerPresidentGeorgeBushandTedTurnerfor

theManoftheYearissuesin1991and1992,respectively.

Butthisweek'sTlMEcoverhasspecialmeaning,hesays,

becauseheandhiswifePrudencehadtheirfirstchild,Lucy,

16monthsago.

Thepicturesappearinginsidewerealldoneby

photographerJeffreyLowe.AlthoughLowehasnot

experiencedfatherhoodyet,heobservedmanyintimate

momentsofparentingbyspendingalotofprivatetimewith

eachdadandchild.Ofallthepictures.Lowewasmost

deeplytouchedbythefather-to-beembracinghispregnant

wife.

Whilemostofthecreditforthepicturesrightlygoesto

thosebehindthecamera,covercoordinatorLinaFreeman

andassistantpictureeditorMaryWorrellBousquette,who

workbehindthescenes,alsodeserveaccolades.Freeman,

forinstance,hadthechallengingtaskofmaking

arrangementsforthegroupportraitofchildmoviestarsby

Heislerthatappearsonpage62.Saysshe:"Mygreatest

rewardisworkingwiththesetalentedartists."Bousquette

editedthepicturesthatappearinside."Iwantedourstory

toshowthemanyfacesoffatherhood,"shesays.Atleastin

thisissue,thosefathersareseenaswellasheard.Sorry,

Oscar.

1.InOscarWilde'sview,.

A)distancebetweenfathersandtheirchildrenis

essentialinfamilylife

B)fathersshouldplayagreaterroleinfamilylife

C)familylifeissomethingthatfathersenjoymost

D)fathersareneversureaboutwhattheyshoulddoat

home.

2.Thephotographersofthisweek'sTlMEintended

A)tosupportOscarWilde'sview

B)toprovethatOscarWildewaswrong

C)toapologizetoOscarWilde

D)toshowtheirrespect-forOscarWilde

3.Theword'graced'inthesecondparagraphmeans

A)decoratedB)substituted

C)turnedoutD)mixedup

4.HowdidJeffreyLowemanagetoportrayfathers'feelings

accurately?

A)Hetriedtoexperiencefatherhoodhimself.

B)Hespentmostofhistimewithhispregnantwife.

C)Hemixedwithmanyfathersandtheirchildren.

D)Hestudiedtherelationshipbetweeneachmemberin

afamily.

Passage2

InRussiadon'tlooktoreadaboutactorXsneakingout

totheBolshoiwithstarletYwhilehisfamousauthorwifeis

onvacationinOdessawithherchildrenfromtwoprevious

marriages.EvenifXandYwereengagedinhanky-panky,

thecountrycouldnotdothestoryjustice,sinceitlacksthe

equivalentsofPeopleorVanityFair,theNationalEnquirer

orEntertainmentTonight.Nordofamouslivesplay

themselvesoutinnewspapersorontelevision.Thepressis

asconservativeasthesovetyatlarge,wheredirect

questionsaboutprivatelivesareconsideredinsulting.

Moviemagazinesaresimplyfilmsynopsesandaccountsof

productionandcasting.

Thatdoesnotmean,however,thatinquiringRussian

mindsdon'twanttoknow."Itoftenseemsasifitisthe

nationalpastimetogossipaboutme,"sayspopsuperstar

AllaPugacheva,39,thebiggestmusicaldrawinthecountry.

"PerhapswearebetteroffherethanintheWest.Wedonot

haveentiremagazinesdevotedtoourprivatelives.But

Sovietsdon'tneedamagazinetogossip."Instead,avast

rumormilloperates24hoursaday3651/4daysayear.A

studyofsomeunofficialyouthgroupsinTadjikstanin

CentralAsialistedamongthem"CelebrityHounds,"whicha

localpaperdescribedas"peoplewhotrytogainprestige

amongthelessinformedbyexchangingstoriesaboutthe

privatelivesofstars."

Somemayconsiderthemeagertrickle（2田流）of

personaldetailaboutapopstarablessing,butthelackof

informationaboutpoliticiansprovedtobeahandicapfor

votersinlastmonth'selection."Evenifvotersknewa

candidate'sprogram,theydidnotknowthemanhimself,"

complainsYegorYakovlev,editorofMoscowNews.Soviet

newspapersandmagazinesdiscussthepersonallivesof

leadersonlywhenthepersonisdeadandusuallyoutof

favor（thusonlylastfalldidMoscowNewsclaimthatLeonid

Brezhnev,whodiedin1982,hadbeenrevivedfromclinical

deathin1976,andwastendedconstantlybydoctorsforthe

restofhislife)orwhenrefutinganastybitofgossip.

ObservesZhenia,asemiprofessionalcelebritywatcherin

Moscow:"Thewayitworksisthatfirstarumorstarts,then

gainsmomentum(勢頭)，then,andonlythen,something

appearsinthepressdenyingtherumorasunfounded."

5.Famouslivesarerarelypublicizedthroughthemass

mediainRussiabecause.

A)famouslivesarenotexcitingenough

B)itisdifficulttogetinterestingstories

C)itisagainstthenation'smoralstandards

D)famouspeopledon'twantotherstoknowabouttheir

lives

6.WhatistheattitudeofordinaryRussianstowardsthe

privatelivesoffamouspeople?

A)Indifferent.B)Respectful.

C)Blindfold.D)Inquisitiveatheart.

7.FromthepassageweknowthatpopsuperstarAlla

Pugacheva.

A)isproudtobethecenterofnationalgossip

B)livesabetterlifethanstarsinthewest

C)wishestoattractmoreattentionfromthemass

media

D)doesn'twanttobethecenterofnationalgossip

8.Inthewriter'sopinion,politicians'lives.

A)shouldalwaysbekeptsecret

B)canbepublicizedaftertheirdeath

C)canbepublicizedinordertorefutethegossips

D)canbepublicizedtoletthepublicknowthembetter

Passage3

Childrenareinneedofadoptionbecausesomebirth

parentsareunableorunavailabletoprovideadequatelyfor

theneedsoftheirchild.Therearenumerousreasonsfor

makinganadoptionplan.Birthparentsmayfeelthey

cannottakeontheresponsibilityofanunplannedchild

becausetheyaretooyoungorbecausetheyarefinancially

oremotionallyunabletoprovidepropercare.Theydonot

feelreadyorabletobegoodparents.

Inothercaseschildrenareinneedofadoptionbecause

courtshavedecidedthattheirbirthparentsareunableto

functionadequately.Manyofthesechildrenarevictimsof

abuseorneglect.Regardlessofhowchildrencometoneed

adoption,theyareputwithadoptiveparentsthrough

privateorpublicsocialserviceagencies.Otheradoptions

maybearrangedindependently,aswhenbirthparentsand

adoptiveparentscometoknoweachotheroutsideofan

agencyandthencompletetheadoptionaccordingtothe

lawsandregulationsoftheirstatesofresidence.

WhichChildrenNeedAdoption

Childrenfromallcountriesandallwalksoflifeneed

adopting.Althoughinternationaladoptionsoccur,the

largestnumberofadoptionsintheUnitedStatesinvolve

AmericanparentsadoptingAmericaninfants.Statisticson

theethnicityofbothpartiesareincomplete.

Intheearly1970stherewasadramaticincreasenthe

numberoffamiliesseekingtoadopt,aconditionwhich

persiststoday.Forthisreason,thenumberofthosewho

wishtoadoptregularlyexceedsthenumberofinfants

available.Reasonsforthisdramaticincreasearevaried.A

majorfactorhasbeenthechoiceofmanypeopletodelay

thestartofafamilyuntillaterinlife.Manyofthesepeople,

inturn,havefoundthemselvestobelessfertileatthattime,

andsotheyhavedecidedthattheirdesiretohavechildren

mightbestbefulfilledthroughadoption.

Ineverystate,however,therearechildrenwhoare

legallyfreetobeadoptedbutaredesperatelywaitingfor

parents.Thechildreninthisgroupareusuallyolderand

oftenhavespecialneeds.Theymayrequireadditionalcare

fromaparentbecauseoftheirphysical,emotional,or

mentaldisabilities(whichmayhavebeencausedbyabuse,

neglect,ormedicalorgeneticfactors).Becauseoftheir

specialneeds,thesechildrenarechallengingtorear.Infact,

adoptionexpertsbelievethatpeoplewhoadoptthese

childrenneedspecialtrainingandpreparationinorderto

successfullyrearthechildandtointegratethechildintothe

familyandeventuallyintosociety.

Incasesofinternationaladoption,Americanshave

adoptedorphanedchildrenfromplaceslikeKorea,India,

andLatinAmerica.UnitedStatesimmigrationlawsallow

suchchildrentoresideintheUnitedStatesthrougha

specialvisaunderwhichthechildrenareclassifiedas

immediaterelativesoftheadoptingfamily.Thelaws,

regulations,andattitudestowardinternationaladdoption

varyagreatdealfromonecountrytoanother.Becauseof

this,peoplewishingtoadoptshoulduseexperienced

agenciesororganizationsinordertoadoptachildfrom

anothercountrysuccessfully.

Stepparentadoptionisalsoverycommon.Mostoften,

thistypeofadoptionoccurswhenoneofthechild'sbirth

parentshasremarriedandthenewspouseadoptsthechild.

Insuchadoptions,theconsentoftheotherbirthparentis

usuallyrequired,becauseitentailstheterminationofthat

parent'srights.

9.Theauthorthinksofadoptionas.

A)illegalB)unethical

C)unavoidableD)necessary

10.Whatisthemostimportantreasonfortheadoption

boominthe1970s?

A)Intheearly1970s,adoptioncameintovogueamong

youngAmericancouples.

B)Manywomenchoseadoptionforfearthattheirfigure

mightbeadverselyaffectedaftergivingbirthtobabies.

C)Manypeoplewhomarriedlatefoundtheywereless

fertileandhadtoadoptchildren.

D)Duetothebabyboominthe1960s,theAmerican

governmentcarriedoutfamilyplanningandmanypeople

hadtoadoptchildren.

11.Bysaying"thesearechildrenwhoarelegallyfreetobe

adoptedbutaredesperatelywaitingforparents",the

authorsuggeststhat.

A)fewpeoplewouldliketoadoptthesechildrenforthey

arehardtorear

B)thechildrenwereeagertobeloverbytheirbirth

parents

C)althoughsomepeoplewouldliketoadoptthem,

thesechildrenwouldratherwaitfortheirbirthparents.

D)theirbirthparentsabandonedthembutthese

childrenstilllovedthem

12.Accordingtothepassage,internationaladoption

A)occursmoreoftenthanadoptionsofAmerican

infants

B)mostlyinvolvesEuropeanorphans

C)shouldbedonethroughexperiencedagencies

D)shouldbebannedrightaway

Passage4

JoshuaDeShaneyisparalyzedandprofoundlyretarded,

thevictimofbrutalpummelingsatagefourbyhisfather.

Joshua,nownine,isalsothevictimofinactionby

Wisconsin'sWinnebagoCountydepartmentofsocial

services.Theagencyfailedtoremovethechildfromhis

divorcedfather'scustodydespitecontinualreportsofabuse

fornearlytwoyears,repeatedhospitalizationsforserious

injuries,andregularobservationsbyacaseworkerof

suspiciousbumpsandlesions.Joshua'sfatherwas

convictedofchildabusein1984andparoledfromprison

afterlessthantwoyears.Lastweek,inarulingthat

stunnedchildren'srightsadvocatesaroundthecountry,the

U.S.SupremeCourtvoted6to3toabsolveWinnebago

CountyofconstitutionalresponsibilityforJoshua'sfate.

"Astate'sfailuretoprotectanindividualagainstprivate

violence,"declaredChiefJusticeWilliamRehnquist,wasnot

adenialofthevictim'sconstitutionalrights."Whilethestate

mayhavebeenawareofthedangersthatJoshuafacedin

thefreeworld,itplayednopartintheircreation,nordidit

doanythingtorenderhimanymorevulnerabletothem

Themajority'srulingprovokedanemotionaldissentfrom

JusticeHarryBlackmun."PoorJoshua!Victimofrepeated

attacksbyanirresponsible,bullying,cowardlyand

intemperatefather,andabandonedbycountyofficialswho

placedhiminadangerouspredicament,"hewrote."Itisa

sadcommentaryuponAmericanlifeandconstitutional

principles."

Governmentchild-welfareagenciesexpressedrelief

overthedecision."Acontraryrulingwouldhaveseriously

affectedprogramsandbudgetarypriorities,"explained

BennaRuthSolomonoftheStateandLocalLegalCenterin

Washington.Forchildadvocates,theopinionwasdeeply

troubling.SaidJamesWeilloftheChildren'sDefenseFund:

"It'spartofalineofdecisionsinwhichthecourthas

indicatedsignificanthostilitytolegalprotectionsfor

children."Suitsagainstagenciesmaystillbefiledinsome

statecourts,butlocallawsoftenpermitlittleornorecourse.

InJoshua'scase,aWisconsinstatutelimitsdamagesto

$50,000--lessthanthecostofayear'smedicalcareforthe

tragicallybatteredyoungster.

13.Bysaying"Joshuaisalsoavictimofinactionby

Wisconsin'sWinnebagocountydepartmentofsocial

services",theauthormeans

A)theagencyshouldhavesentsomeonetoJoshua's

hometotakecareofhim

B)thecourthadmadetherulingthatthechildshould

beremovedfromhisfather,theagencyfailedtodoso

C)theagencyshouldhavetakenactionstoremovethe

childfromhisfather'scustody

D)theagencyfailedtosendthechildtohismother

14.WhichofthefollowingwasthereasongivenbyChief

JusticeWilliamRehnquistforabsolvingWinnebagoCounty

ofconstitutionalresponsibilityforJoshua'sfate?

A)Theagencyhadnoresponsibilityoftakingcareofthe

abusedchild.

B)Theagencydidn'tplayapartinthechildabuse.

C)Theagencywassobusythatithadnotimetodeal

withJoshua'scase.

D)Theagencycouldn'tintrudeuponotherpeople's

personalaffairs.

15.AccordingtoJusticeHarryBlackmun,Joshua'sfate

A)reflectsthesadaspectsofAmericanlifeand

constitutionalprinciples

B)provokespeopletocommentonAmericanlifeand

constitutionalprinciples

C)makespeopledisappointedwithAmericanlifeand

constitutionalprinciples

D)hasaprofoundimpactonAmericanlifeand

constitutionalprinciples

16.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat.

A)theauthordefinitelyagreeswithChiefJustice

WilliamRehnquist'spointofview

B)governmentchild-welfareagenciesexpressed

dissenttotherulingmadebytheSupremeCourt

C)Joshuawouldget$50,000damagesfromthe

Wisconsin'sWinnebagoCounty

D)U.S.children'srightsadvocatesweredissatisfied

withtherulingmadebytheSupremeCourt

Passage5

Istherealinkbetweencrimeandpopulationgrowth?

Andhowdoessocialchangeaggravatethecurrentcrime

surge?JamesQ.Wilson,professorofmanagementand

publicpolicyatUCLAandauthorofThinkingAboutCrime

andTheMoralsense,gavehisviewslastweekinan

interviewwithTlMEassistanteditorSusanneWashburn.

Excerpts:

Anyhistorianknowsthatcrimewaves,infact,are

cyclical.Earlieronesoccurredinthe1830s,thelate1860s

andthe1920s.Thequestionis,whatcausesthecycles,and

whataffectstheirtiming?Crimewasabnormallylowinthe

1940sand1950sandbegantorisearound1963and

peakedinthelate1970s.Theincreaseincrimefrom1963

to1980wasenormous--anditoccurredinaperiodof

generalprosperity.Partoftheexplanationisthatthe

populationgotyounger,becauseofthebabyboom--and

youngermenaremorelikelytocommitcrimethanolder

ones.

Thenintheearly1980s,almostallformsofcrimebegan

todeclineforawhile.Thebabyboomgotold,sothebaby

boomerswerenolongerinthecrime-proneyears.Wesaw

thisisdecliningpublic-schoolenrollments.Now,however,if

youlookatwhat'shappeninginelementaryschools,

enrollmentsaregoingupbecausethechildrenofbaby

boomersarestartingtomovethroughthecycle.My

guess--andtheguessofmanyothercriminologists--isthat

bytheendofthisdecadewewillseeanincreaseinthe

generalcrimerateregardlessofwhatthegovernmentdoes.

Obviously,wewanttodoeverythingpossibleto

moderateitsseverity.Andpublicpolicyoughttobedirected

towardthatend.Thepublicexpectsit.Ithinkpoliticianswill

factuptoit.Butwesimplyhavetorealizeweareinanera

whenourabilitytomoderatetheseverityofcrimesis

substantiallyreducedfromwhatitoncewas.Wearemuch

morereliantonpublicpolicy,whichisacrudeandnotvery

effectiveinstrument.Andwearemuchlessdependenton

informalsocialcontrols,which,whentheywork,arethe

mostpowerfulcontrols.

Themostsignificantthinginthelasthalf-centuryhas

beenthedramaticexpansioninpersonalfreedomand

personalmobility,individualrights,thereorientingof

culturearoundindividuals.Weobviouslyvaluethat.Butlike

allhumangains,ithasbeenpurchasedataprice.Most

peoplefacedwithgreaterfreedomfromfamily,law,village,

clan,haveuseditforgoodpurposes--artisticexpression,

economicentrepeneurship,self-expression--butasmall

fractionofpeoplehaveuseditforbadpurposes.Sojustas

wehavehadanartisticandeconomicexplosion,wehave

hadacrimeexplosion.Ithinkthetwoareindissolubly

entwined.Whenthatprosperityputscars,drugsandguns

intothehandsofevenrelativelypoor18-year-olds,young

peoplecandoagreatdealmoredamagetodaythanthey

couldinthe1940sor1950s.

17.AccordingtoJamesQ.Wilson,whichstatementistrue?

A)There'snodefiniteconnectionbetweencrimesand

population.

B)Babyboommayleadtoanincreaseincrime.

C)Theincreaseincrimefrom1963to1980was

completelyduetoeconomicprosperity.

D)Betterpublicpolicywilldefinitelyresultinadecline

incrime.

18.Whenwascrimeextremelyhigh?

A)Intheearly1960s.B)Inthelate1960s.

C)Intheearly1970s.D)Inthelate1970s.

19.Wilsonbelievesthatbytheendofthisdecadewewill

seeanincreaseinthegeneralcrimebecause.

A)aneconomicprosperityisaroundthecorner

B)enrollmentsaregoingupinhighschools

C)crimewavesarecyclical

D)therewillbeanewgenerationofbabyboomers

20.Inmoderatingtheseverityofcrimes,whichofthe

followingisthemosteffective?

A)Prisons.B)Thepolice.

C)Publicpolicy.D)Informalsocial

controls.

Unit11

Passage1

InHollywood,asinwar,truthisoftenthefirstcasualty.

Storiestoldonscreendemandheroes,villainsandan

intelligibleplotline.Reallife,ontheotherhand,tendstoget

messy--thelinesbetweengoodandbadoftencross.Two

yearsago,directorOliverStonewasexcoriatedinthepress

forplayingfastandloosewithcertainfactsinJFK.Jim

Sheridan'sIntheNameoftheFatherhaslargelyescaped

suchcriticismintheU.S.,butonlybecauseAmericansare

unfamiliarwiththestoryitisbasedon.InBritain,where

peoplehavelivedwiththecaseoftheGuildfordFourfor20

years,thefilm'sreceptionhasbeenconsiderablystormier.

ThemovietellsthetaleofGerryConlon,whoalongwith

threeotheryouthswasfalselyaccusedofkillingfivepeople

ina1974I.R.A.bombingoftwopubsinGuildford,England.

Thefour--threemenandawoman--served14yearsin

prisonbeforetheirconvictionswereoverturned.Seven

friendsandrelativesofConlon's(theMaguireSeven),

includinghisfather,alsoservedmanyyearsontrumped-up

chargesofhavingmadethebombs.

ThoughSheridanneversetouttomakeadocumentary,

hehasbeenattackedforneedlesslydistortingthefactsof

thecase.Thefilm,forinstance,showstheMaguireSeven

ontrialwiththeGuildfordFour,thoughthecasesweretried

separately.Insomeofitsmostaffectingscenes,itshows

Conlon,playedbyDanielDay-Lewis,sharingajailcellwith

hisfather,thoughthetwowereoftennoteveninthesame

prison.AgrandandheroicpartiscarvedforactressEmma

Thompson,playingConlon'ssolicitor,GarethPeirce,butin

realityPeircewasaminorfigureandanotherattorney,

AlastairLogan,deservesmostofthecreditforfreeingthe

Four.ApivotalsceneinwhichPeircesmugglesacrucial

pieceofsuppressedevidencefromapolicefilewas

fabricatedforthefilm;itwasapoliceinvestigationthat

uncoveredtheburiedevidenceofConlon'sinnocence.

Sheridaninsiststhathewasseekingan"emotional

honesty"andthattherealsubjectofhisfilmwasason's

changingrelationshipwithhisfather.Butifthatwashis

intendedsubject,saysomeclosetothecase,thedirector

shouldhaveusedsomeoneelse'sstory."Thetruthisthat

GerryConlonhadverylittletimeforhisfather,"saysSean

Smyth,anuncle."It'sagoodfilm,wellactedand

everything,"concedesConlon'saunt,AnneMaguire."ButI

thinkifthey'dputmoreofthetruefactsin,itwouldhave

beenamuchmorepowerfulfilm."

1.Itcanbeinferredfromthefirstparagraphthat.

A)filmsoftenreflectreallife

B)OliverStone,awell-knowndirector,deservedhigh

praiseforhisworkinJFK

C)ThefilmIntheNameoftheFatherisbasedonthe

caseofGuildfordFour

D)UnlikeAmericans,Britishpeoplethinkhighlyofthe

filmIntheNameoftheFather

2.Accordingtothecontext,"excoriated"(para1,Iine4)

means"

A)praisedB)severelycriticized

C)awardedprizeD)advertised

3.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowing

statementsisNOTtrue?

A)GerryColonandthreeotheyouthswereproved

innocentafter14years'imprisonment.

B)Colon'sfatherwasalsosentencedtoseveralyears'

imprisonment.

C)ItistruethatColonandhisfatherweretried

togetheratthecourt.

D)Colon,infact,didn'tstayinthesamejailcellashis

father.

4.WhoplayedthemostimportantroleingettingColon's

convictionoverturned?

A)Colon'sfather.B)Thepolice.

C)Garethpeire.D)AlastairLogan.

Passage2

EveryBritishcitizenwhoisemployed(orself-employed)

isobligedtopayaweeklycontributiontothenational

insuranceandhealthschemes.Anemployeralsomakesa

contributionforeachofhisemployees,andtheGovernment

toopaysacertainamount.Thisplanwasbroughtintobeing

in1948.Itsaimistopreventanyonefromgoingwithout

medicalservices,ifheneedsthem,howeverpoorhemay

be;toensurethatapersonwhoisoutofworkshallreceive

aweeklysumofmoneytosurvive;andtoprovideasmall

pensionforthosewhohavereachedtheageofretirement.

Everyonecanregisterwithadoctorofhischoiceandif

heisillhecanconsultthedoctorwithouthavingtopayfor

thedoctor'sservices,althoughhehastopayasmallcharge

formedicines.Thedoctormay,ifnecessary,sendapatient

toaspecialist,ortoahospital;inbothcasestreatmentwill

begivenwithoutanyfeebeingpayable.Thosewhowish

maybecomeprivatepatients,payingfortheirtreatment,

buttheymuststillpaytheircontributionstothenational

insuranceandhealthschemes.

Duringillnessthepatientcandrawasmallamount

everyweek,tomakeupforhislostwages.Everyonewho

needstohavehiseyesseentomaygotoastate-registered

oculistandifhissightisweakhecangetspectaclesfroman

opticianatamuchreducedprice.Forasmallpaymenthe

maygotoadentist;ifheneedsfalseteeth,hecanobtain

dentures（假牙）forlessthantheywouldcostfromaprivate

dentist.Variousothermedicalappliancescanbeobtainedin

muchthesameway.

Whenamanisoutofwork,hemaydraw

unemploymentbenefituntilhefindsworkagain;thishewill

probablydobygoingtoaJobCentre(anofficerunbythe

Statetohelppeoplefindjobs).Ifheismarried,the

allowancehereceiveswillhelarger.Obviouslytheamount

paidiscomparativelysmall,fortheStatedoesnotwant

peopletostopworkinginordertodrawahandsomesumof

moneyfordoingnothing!

Whenamanreachestheageofsixty-five,hemayretire

fromworkandthenhehastherighttodrawaStatepension.

Forwomen,theageofretirementissixty.

Mothers-to-beandchildrenreceivespecialbenefits

suchasfreemilkorcertainfoodstuffsforwhichonlya

minimumchargeismade.TheStatepaystothemothera

smallweeklysumforeachchildinafamily.Thereisalsoan

allowanceforfunerals,fortheStateboaststhatitlooks

afterpeople"fromthecradletothegrave"!Thereare

specialbenefitsforcertainpeople,suchastheblindandthe

handicapped.

MostpeopleinBritainagreethattherearestillmany

improvementstobemadeinthenationalinsuranceand

healthschemes,butitisalsotruethattheyhavebecomea

socialinstitutionthatthegreatmajorityofthepopulation

wishestoseemaintained.

5.Themoneyforthenationalinsuranceandhealth

schemescomesfrom.

A)onesourceB)twosources

C)threesourcesD)foursources

6.EverycitizeninBritain.

A)receivespayfromthegovernment

B)registerswithadoctorandbecomesaprivatepatient

C)hasaccesstomedicalservicesalmostfreeofcharge

D)retiresfromworkintheearlysixties

7.Whichofthefollowingistrue?

A)Unemploymentbenefitmakespeoplestayidleat

home.

B)Unemploymentbenefitissupposedtohelppeople

pullthroughadifficulttime.

C)Unemploymentbenefitisinsufficienttokeepafamily

alive.

D)Unemploymentbenefitisavailabletomarriedpeople

only.

8.Inthelastparagraph,"they"refersto.

A)mostpeopleinBritain

B)nationalinsuranceandhealthschemes

C)people'swishes

D)improvementsto