2019中考英語二輪復習閱讀、任務型閱讀、完形填空精享新編

2019中考英語閱讀、任務型閱讀、完形填空精享新編（4）一、閱讀理解。A（2019中考選練）Howmuchsleepisenough?Tostayingoodhealth,someexpertsintheUSsay,adultsshouldgetseventoeighthoursofsleep.Teenagersneedninetotenhours.Andpre-schoolchildrenneedmorethan10hoursofsleepanight.Expertssaythequality（質量）ofoursleepbecomespooraswegrowolder.Thishappensbecausethebrainunitthatcontrolssleepbeginstoweakenslowlyasweage.Expertssaythechangestartsinour30s.Bythetimewereachour50s,apersonmayhavelost50percentofhisorherabilitytohavearestfulsleep.Thesepeoplehavetroublefallingandstayingasleepthroughthenight.Frommiddleageon,theseproblemsonlygetworse,andtheycanhaveabadeffectontheirhealth.Signsthatshowyoumaynotbegettingenoughsleep:You'realwayshungryoryou'vegotunwantedweight.Ifyouareinshortofsleep,certainchemicals（化學物質）inyourbodywillnotworkwellandtellyourbrainintimethatyouhaveeatenenough.Youhavetroublemakingdecisions.Nothavingenoughsleepmaymakeyourbrainworkslowerinproblemsolving.Youhavetroublerememberingthings.Sleephelpspreparethebrainfornewmemories.Yourfeelingchangesunreasonably.Peoplewhodon'tsleepwellmayfeelunabletocontroltheirfeeling.Youarehavingtroubleseeing.Ifthereisashortageofsleep,youmaynotbeabletoseethingsasclearlyasusual.Howtoimproveyoursleep?Hereareafewthingspeoplecandotogetbettersleep.Healthexpertssaythatexerciseandavoidingworkoncomputersmakepeoplegotosleepmoreeasily.Acoolroomisalsoagoodchoiceforsleepingwell.1.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Withthehelpofmedicine,wecansleepbetter..Peoplebegintohavesleepproblemsintheir40s.C.Teenagersusuallyneedmoresleepthanadults.D.Fewpeoplehavesleepproblemsintheirlateyears..Theunderlinedword“effect”inthepassageiscloseinmeaningto.A.knowledgeB.influenceC.excuseD.activityAccordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTasignthatshowsyouarenotsleepingwell?A.Youoftengethungry.B.Youreyesightisfailing.C.Youhavepoorermemory.D.Youalwaysfeeltired.4.Itispossiblethatthearticleistakenfrom.A.amiddleschooltextbookB.atravelguideC.amagazineonhealthD.anadinthenewspaper［主旨大意］本文是一篇說明文，闡述了不同年齡段的人每晚需要多長時間的睡眠以及睡眠不足有哪些表現(xiàn)。文章最后提出要想睡眠好,多鍛煉,少玩電腦。1.C細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段中的“…adultsshouldgetseventoeighthoursofsleep.Teenagersneedninetotenhours.”可知青少年需要的睡眠時間要比成人多些，故選C。2.B詞義猜測題。根據上文“Thesepeoplehavetroublefallingandstayingasleepthroughthenight.Frommiddleageon,theseproblemsonlygetworse”可知，這部分人整夜睡眠有問題,從中年開始,這個問題愈加嚴重;又根據bad和health可推測對健康有影響，故effect意為“影響"，與influence同義。.D細節(jié)理解題。根據文章內容可知睡眠不好會導致記憶力差、經常有饑餓感、視力下降,沒有提到感覺疲勞,故選D。.CB入鄉(xiāng)隨俗WhenyouhearWesterners西方人）say“Dropinanytime”（隨時來玩）or“Comeandseemesoon”，youshouldrealizethatitdoesn,tmeanyouarewelcometocomeovertotheirhousesanytime.It,swisetotelephonebeforevisitingsomeone.Neveracceptaninvitationunlessyoureallyplantogo.Youmayrefusebysaying,“Thankyouforinvitingme,butImaynotbeabletocome.”Ifyouareunabletocomeafteracceptingtheinvitation,besuretotellthosewhoinviteyouinadvance展前）thatyouwillnotbethere.Whenyouhaveacceptedtheinvitationtoapartyoradinner,itispolitetobringsmallgiftswithyou,suchasbottlesofdrinks,flowers,andsomeothers.SometimesWesternersmaytakeyououttodinnerinarestaurantanditdoesnotnecessarilymeanthatheisgoingtopaythebillattheendofthemeal.Hemightwantyouto“goDutch”，whichmeanseachpersonpayshisownbill.WhenWesternerssay“Dropinanytime”or“Comeandseemesoon”，itmeans .youarewelcometovisitthemanytimeyouarewelcometovisitthem,butyoustillneedtocallthembeforegoingtotheirhousestheydon,twantyoutovisitthemtheywillholdapartyforyouIfaWesternerinvitesyoutogotohishouse,.youmayrefuseifyoudon,tplantogoyouhavetoaccepttheinvitationeventhoughyoudon,twanttogoyoucan,taccepttheinvitationandifyouaccepttheinvitation,youmustgoIfyouhaveacceptedtheinvitationtoapartyoradinner,whatkindofgiftswillyoubring?A.Money.B.Televisions.C.Computers.D.Books.Theunderlinedpart“goDutch”means“"inChinese.A.去荷蘭B.去Dutch這家餐廳 C.實行AA制D.請客Thebesttitleofthispassageis.A.Dropinanytime B.ComeandseemesoonC.InvitationinWesterncountriesD.Westerners【主旨大意】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了西方國家的邀請禮儀。即使西方人說“隨時來玩”或“不久后來看我"，在你去以前也要打電話。如果你沒計劃去別人家，他邀請時你可以拒絕，如果你接受了邀請，在你去別人家時，最好帶一些小禮物。B【解析】細節(jié)理解題。題干意為：當西方人說“隨時來玩”或“不久后來看我”，它意味著oA項：在任何時間拜訪他們，你都是受歡迎的；B項：拜訪他們你是受歡迎的，但你仍要在去他們家之前給他們打電話；C項：他們不想要你拜訪他們；D項：他們要為你舉行派對。根據文章第一段最后一句“It'swisetotelephonebeforevisitingsomeone.在拜訪某人前打電話是明智的。”可知B項正確。A【解析】細節(jié)理解題。題干意為：如果一位西方人邀請你去他家，。A項：如果你沒有計劃去，你可以拒絕；B項：即使你不想去，你也不得不接受邀請；C項：你不能接受邀請；D項：如果你接受了邀請就必須去。根據文章第二段第一句"Neveracceptaninvitationunlessyoureallyplantogo.除非你真的打算去，否則不要接受邀請。”可知選AoD【解析】推理判斷題。題干意為：如果你已經接受了去聚會或晚餐的邀請，你要帶什么禮物？根據第三段第一句"...itispolitetobringsmallgiftswithyou,suchasbottlesofdrinks,flowers,andsomeothers.帶小禮物是很有禮貌的，比如幾瓶酒、花和其他的東西?！狈治鲞x項中只有書屬于小禮物。故選DoC【解析】短語意思猜測題。題干意為：劃線部分“goDutch”的漢語意思是。根據短文最后一段最后一句中“whichmeanseachpersonpayshisownbill每個人付自己的賬”可推斷是“AA制”。故選CoC【解析】標題歸納題。題干意為：這篇文章的最佳題目是。A項：隨時來玩；B項：不久后來看我；C項：西方國家的邀請；D項：西方人。文章第二、三段都是在介紹關于邀請的問題，故選C。C（2019中考保健與健康類選練）Doyousleepwell?Ifyouranswerisno,thefollowingmighthelpyou.SetacertainbedtimeandrisingtimeAcertainbedtimeandrisingtimecanhelpyoubuildupyourbodyclocks.Setabedtimewhichisgoodandnaturalforyou.Don'tchangeyourbedtimeandrisingtimeonweekends.AvoidexcitingactivitiesjustbeforesleepingExcitingactivitiesgetyourthoughtsrunning.Atthesametime,ifyoumaketomorrow'splanorreadanexcitingstorybeforeturningoffthelight,itdoesn'tgiveyouenoughtimetorelaxbeforeyoutrytosleep.KeepthebedroomforsleepingonlyIt'sabadhabitforyoutouseyourbedroomasaplacetoeat,watchTV,read,talkonthephone,ordiscussimportantmatterswithyourfamilymembers.Breakthathabittogetbettersleep.Don'tgotobedtooearlyYourbodyusuallyletsyousleeponlythenumberofhoursitneeds.Youshoulddecidehowmanyhoursyoumustsleepinordernottoexperiencedaytimesleepiness.TakeawarmshowerbeforeyourbedtimeAtwenty-minutewarmshoweratatemperatureofabout4-50notonlyisagreatrelaxatday'send,butalsoraisesyourbodytemperaturebyseveraldegrees.Thecomingdropintemperatureofyourbodywillnaturallymakeyoufeelsleepy.Ifyouwanttobuildupyourbodyclocks,youshould.A.setacertainbedtimeandrisingtime B.gotobedneithertooearlynortoolateC.keepthebedroomforsleepingonlyD.takeawarmshowerbeforesleepingWhyshouldyouavoidexcitingactivitiesjustbeforesleeping?BecausetheywillgetyourthoughtsrunningBecauseyouhavetomaketomorrow'spalnBecauseyoushouldreadanexcitingstoryBecauseyouwillhavetoturnoffthelight.Yourbedroomshouldbekeptforonly.A.talking B.eatingC.readingD.sleepingAccordingtothepassage,willmakeyoufeelsleepy.A.takingacoldshowerB.yourbodytemperaturedroppingC.yourdailyexperience D.raisingyourbodytemperature參考答案1A 2A3D4B二、任務型閱讀。2019中考任務型閱讀題Peopleindifferentcountrieshavedifferenthobbiesaroundtheworld.Forexample,inAmericapeople'sfavoritehobbyiswatchingTVintheirsparetime.ItisthemainentertainmentforAmericanstowatchTVatleastonehoureachday.96%ofAmericanstakewatchingTVastheirfirsthobby.Thesecondoneisgoingtothecinemaordoingsomesports.Besidesthese,fishingisalsoaverypopularhobby.InEngland,itsquitedifferent.Peopleliketogotothefleamarket（跳蚤市場）.Theyliketogotherebecausetheywanttoseeifthereissomethingnew.Inaddition,Englishmenlikedrinkingtea.Russianslikereadingverymuch.Whereveryougo,youwillseethepeoplereadingcarefully.Germanslikereadingaswell.Accordingtoasurvey（調查），Germansread11booksonaverage（平均）in2006.（1）WhatisAmericans'favouritehobby?（不超過10個詞）（2）WhydoEnglishmenliketogotothefleamarket?（不超過15個詞）（3）Wholikesreadingbooks?（不超過10個詞）

【答案】l.WatchingTV(TheirfavouritehobbyiswatchingTV).2.Becausetheywanttoseeifthereissomethingnew.3.RussiansandGermans.【解析】【文章大意】不同國家的人們在世界各地都有不同的愛好。文章主要講述了美國人業(yè)余時間愛好的一些活動。【關鍵詞】Americapeople,sfavoritehobby.由Forexample,inAmericapeople,sfavoritehobbyiswatchingTVintheirsparetime.可知答案，故答案是WatchingTV(TheirfavouritehobbyiswatchingTV)..由Theyliketogotherebecausetheywanttoseeifthereissomething底亞.可知答案，故答案是Becausetheywanttoseeifthereissomethingnew..由Russianslikereadingverymuch.以及Germanslikereadingaswell.可知答案，故答案是RussiansandGermans.三、完形填空Samhadadog,ItsnamewasTod.itwasveryhelpful,butit