2023年12月英語四級真題清晰版

2023年12月大學(xué)英語四級真題Part

Ⅰ

Writing

(30minutes)Directions:

Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitled

NothingSucceedsWithoutaStrongWill

bycommentingonthehumoroussaying,"Quittingsmokingistheeasiestthingintheworld.I'vedoneithundredsoftimes."Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.NothingSucceedsWithoutaStrongWillWhyIntegrityMattersWhatIsIntegrity?Thekeytointegrityisconsistency-notonlysettinghighpersonalstandardsforoneself(honesty,responsibility,respectforothers,fairness)butalsolivinguptothosestandardseachandeveryday.Onewhohasintegrityisboundbyandfollowsmoralandethical(道德上旳)standardsevenwhenmakinglife'shardchoices,choiceswhichmaybecloudedbystress,pressuretosucceed,ortemptation.Whathappensifwelie,cheat,steal,orviolateotherethicalstandards?Wefeeldisappointedinourselvesandashamed.Butalapse(缺失)ofintegrityalsoaffectsourrelationshipswithothers.Trustisessentialinanyimportantrelationship,whetherpersonalorprofessional.Whocantrustsomeonewhoisdishonestorunfair?Thusintegritymustbeoneofourmostimportantgoals.RiskyBusinessWeareeachresponsibleforourowndecisions,evenifthedecision,makingprocesshasbeenunderminedbystressorpeerpressure.Therealtestofcharacteriswhetherwecanlearnfromourmistake,byunderstandingwhyweactedaswedidandthenexploringwaystoavoidsimilarproblemsinthefuture.Makingethicaldecisionsisacriticalpartofavoidingfutureproblems.Wemustlearntorecognizerisks,becauseifwecan'tseetheriskswe'retaking,wecan'tmakeresponsiblechoices.Toidentifyrisks,weneedtoknowtherulesandbeawareofthefacts.Forexample,onewhodoesn'tknowtherulesaaboutplagiarism(抄襲)mayaccidentallyusewordsorideaswithoutgivingpropercreditoronewhofailstokeepcarefulresearchnotesmayunintentionallyfailtoquoteandcitesourcesasrequired.Butthefactthatsuchaviolationis"unintentional"doesnotexcusethemisconduct,Ignoranceisnotadefense."ButEverybodyDoesIt"Mostpeoplewhogetintroubledoknowtherulesandfactsbutmanagetofoolthemselvesabouttherisksthey'retakingbyusingexcuses:"Everyoneelsedoesit.""I'mnothurtinganyone",or"Ireallyneedthisgrade."Excusescangetveryelaborate:"IknowI'mlookatanother'sexam,eventhoughI'msupposedtokeepmyeyesonmyownpaper,butthat'snotcheatingbecauseI’mjustcheckingmyanswers,notcopying."Wemustbehonestaboutouractionsandavoidexcuses,ifwefoolourselvesintobelievingwe'renotdoinganythingwrong,wecan'tseetherealchoicewe'remaking-andthatleadstobaddecisions.Toavoidfoolingyourself,watchoutforexcusesandtrythistest:Askhowyouwouldfeelifyouractionswerepublicandanyonecouldbewatchingoveryourshoulder.Ifyou'dratherhideyouractions,that'sanindicationthatyou'retakingariskandrationalizingittoyourself.EvaluatingRisksTodecidewhetherariskisworthtaking,youmustexaminetheconsequences,inthefutureaswellasrightnow,negativeaswellaspositive,andtoothersaswellastoyourself.Thosewhotakeriskstheylaterregretusuallyfocusonimmolatebenefitsandsimplyhaven'tconsideredwhatmightgowrong.Theconsequencesofgettingcaughtareseriousandmayincludea"O"onatestorassignment,an"F"intheclass,suspension(暫令停學(xué))ordismissalfromschoolandaruinedreputation.Infact,whenyoubreakaroleorlaw,youlosecontroloveryourlifeandgiveothersthepowertoimposepunishmentthatyouhavenocontrolover.Thisisanextremelyvulnerable(脆弱旳)position.Theremaybesomemattersoflifeanddeathorhighestprinciple,whichmightjustifysucharisk,buttherearen'tmanythingsthatfallinthiscategory.GettingAwaywithit-OrNotThosewhodon'tgetcaughtpayanevenhigherprice.Acheaterdoesn'tlearnfromthetest,whichdeprives(剝奪)himherofaneducation.Cheatingunderminesconfidenceandindependence:thecheaterisafraud,andknowsthatwithoutdishonesty,he/shewouldhavefailed.Cheatingdestroysself-respectandintegrity,leavingthecheaterashamed,guiltyandafraidofgettingcaught.Worstofall,acheaterwhodoesn'tgetcaughtthefirsttimeusuallycheatsagain,notonlybecausehe/sheisfartherbehind,butalsobecauseitseems"easier."Thisslipperyslopeoferodingethicsandbiggerrisksleadsonlytodisaster.Eventually,thecheatergetscaught,andthelaterhe/shegetscaught,theworsetheconsequences.CheatingHurtsOther,TooCheatersoftenfeelinvisible,asiftheiractions"don'tcount"anddon'treallyhurtanyone.Butindividualchoiceshaveanintensecumulative(累積旳)effect.Cheatingcanspreadlikeadisease.Recentstatisticssuggest30％ormoreofcollegestudentscheat.Ifaclassisgradedonacurve,cheatinghurtsothers'grades.Evenifthereisnocurve,cheating"poisons"theclassroom,andothersmayfeelpressuredtojoinin.("IfIdon'tcheatIcan'tcompetewiththosewhodo")Cheatingalsohasadestructiveimpactonteachers.Therealrewardofgoofteachingisseeingstudentslearn.Butacheatersays."I'mnotinterestedinwhatyou'retryingtoteach,allIcareaboutisstealingagrade,regardlessoftheeffectonothers."Theendresultisadestructiveattackonthequalityofyoureducation.Finally,cheatingcanhurtthereputationoftheuniversityandharmthosewhoworkedhardfortheirdegree.WhyIntegrityMartenIfcheatingbecomesthenorm,thenweareinbigtrouble.Wemustrelyonthehonestyandgoodfaithofothers,ifnot,wecouldn'tputmoneyinthebank,buyfood,clothing,ormedicinefromothers,driveacrossabridge,getonaplane,gotothedentist--thelistisendless.Therearemanyexamplesofthevastharmthatiscausedwhenindividualsforgetorignoretheeffecttheirdishonestycanhave.Thesavingsandloanscandal,thestockmarketandjunkbondswindles,and,ofcourse,Watergate,haveunderminedthefaithofmanyAmericansintheintegrityofpoliticalandeconomicleadersandsocietyasawhole.Suchincidentstakeatremendoustollonournation'seconomyandourindividualwell-being.Forexample,butforthesavingsandloandebacle,theremightbefundsavailabletoreducethenationaldebtandpayforeducation.Insum,weallhaveacommonstakeinourschool,ourcommunity,andoursociety.Ouractionsdomatter.Itisessentialthatweactwithintegrityinordertobuildthekindofworldinwhichwewanttolive.1.Apersonofintegritynotonlysetshighmoralandethicalstandardsbutalso_______.A)stickstothemintheirdailylife

B)makesthemknowntoothers

C)understandstheirtruevalues

D)seesthatothersalsofollowthem2.Whatroledoesintegrityplayinpersonalandprofessionalrelationships?A)Ithelpstocreateteamspirit

B)Itfacilitatescommunication

C)Itisthebasisofmutualtrust

D)Itinspiresmutualrespect3.whymustwelearntoidentifytheriskswearegoingtotake？A.Toensurewemakeresponsiblechoices.

B.Toavoidbeingoverwhelmedbystress.

C.Sothatwedon’tbreakanyrules.

D.Sothatwedon’trunintotrouble.4.Violationofaruleismisconductevenif_______?A.ithascausednoharm.

B.itisclaimedtobeunintentional.

C.ithasgoneunnoticed.

D.itiscommittedwithgoodintentions.5.Whatshouldonedoifhedoesn’twishtofoolhimself?A.Avoidmakingexcuses.

B.Listentootherpeople’sadvice.

C.Makehisintensionspublic.

D.Haveotherswatchoverhisshoulder.6.Thosewhotakeriskstheyregretlateron_______.A.willoftenbecomemorecautious

B.areusuallyveryaggressive

C.valueimmediatebenefitsmost.

D.mayloseeverythingintheend7.Accordingtotheauthor,acheaterwhodoesn’tgetcaughtrightawaywill_______.A)paymoredearly

B)becomemoreconfident

C)bewidelyadmired

D)feelsomewhatlucky8.Cheatersatexamdon’tcareabouttheireducation,alltheycareaboutishowto__________.9.Integritymattersinthatallsocialactivitiesrelyon___________.10.ManyAmericanslostfaithintheintegrityoftheirpoliticalleadersasaresultof__________.

PartIII

ListeningComprehension

(35minutes)11.A)Readthenoticeonthewindow.

B)Goandaskthestaff.

C)Getanewbusschedule.

D)BoardthebustoCleveland.12.A)Hewaslookingforwardtoseeingthegiraffes.

B)Heenjoyedwatchingtheanimalperformance.

C)HegothometoolatetoseetheTVspecial.

D)HefellasleepinthemiddleoftheTVprogram.13.A)Shewantstotakethemostdirectway.

B)Shemaybelateforthefootballgame.

C)Sheisworriedaboutmissingherflight.

D)Sheiscurrentlycaughtinatrafficjam.14.A)Atarestaurant.

B)Inafishshop.

C)Ataclinic.

D)Onafishingboat.15.A)Heisanexperiencedsalesmanager.

B)Heisbeinginterviewedforajob.

C)Heisaclosefriendofthewoman.

D)Heisgoodatansweringtrickyquestions.16.A)Themanshouldconsiderhisprivacyfirst.

B)Themanwillchoosealow-rentapartment.

C)Themanisnotcertainifhecanfindaquieterplace.

D)Themanisunlikelytomoveoutofthedormitory.17.A)Thewomanisgoingtomakehertopicmorefocused.

B)Themanandthewomanareworkingonajointproject.

C)Oneshouldchooseabroadtopicforaresearchpaper.

D)Ittookalotoftimetogetthemanontherighttrack.18.A)Theywentcampingthistimelastyear.

B)Theydidn’tquiteenjoytheirlastpicnic.

C)Theylearnedtocooperateunderharshconditions.

D)Theyweren’texperiencedinorganizingpicnics.

Questions19to22arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.19.A)HelikesSwedenbetterthanEngland.

B)Heprefershotweathertocoldweather.

C)HeisanEnglishmanlivinginSweden.D)HevisitsLondonnearlyeverywinter.20.A)Thebadweather.B)Thegloomywinter.

C)Thecoldhouses.

D)Thelongnight.21.A)Delightful.

B)Painful.

C)Depressing.

D)Refreshing.22.A)Theyoftenstayuplatereading.

B)Theyworkhardandplayhard.

C)Theyliketogocampinginsummer.D)Theytrytoearnmoreandspendmore.

Questions23to25arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.23.A)EnglishLiterature.

B)Management.

C)French.

D)PublicAdministration.24.A)Englishteaching.

B)Stafftraining.

C)Careersguidance.

D)Psychologicalcounseling.25.A)Itsgenerousscholarship.

B)Itsworldwidefame.

C)Itswell-designedcourses.

D)Itspleasantenvironment.PassageOne26.A)CharacteristicsofJapaneseartists.

B)SomefeaturesofJapaneseculture.

C)TheartofJapanesebrushpainting.

D)TheuniquenessofJapaneseart.27.A)Tocalmthemselvesdown.

B)Toenhanceconcentration.

C)Toshowtheirimpatience.

D)Tosignallackofinterest.28.A)Howlistenersindifferentculturesshowrespect.

B)Howspeakerscanwinapprovalfromtheaudience.

C)Howspeakerscanmisunderstandtheaudience.

D)HowdifferentWesternandEasternartformsare.

PassageTwoQuestions29to32arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.29.A)Directingpersonnelevaluation.

B)Buyingandmaintainingequipment.

C)Drawingupplansforin-servicetraining.

D)Interviewingandrecruitingemployees.30.A)Someofhisequipmentwasdamagedinafire.

B)Thetrainingprogramheranwasafailure.

C)Twoofhisworkerswereinjuredatwork.

D)Twoofhisemployeescommittedtheft.31.A)Abetterrelationshipwithhisboss.

B)Advancementtoahigherposition.

C)Abetter-payingjobinanothercompany.

D)Improvementinthecompany’smanagement.32.A)Shehasmoreself-confidencethanChris.

B)SheworkswithChrisinthesamedivision.

C)ShehasmoremanagementexperiencethanChris.

D)SheiscompetingwithChrisforthenewjob.

PassageThreeQuestions33to35arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.33.A)Theyhelpusseetheimportantvaluesofculture.

B)Theyguideusinhandlinghumanrelationship.

C)Theyhelpusexpressourselvesmoreeffectively.

D)Theyareaninfinitesourceofhumanknowledge.34.A)Theirwordingmaybecomedifferent.

B)Thevaluestheyreflectmaychange.

C)Theiroriginscannolongerbetraced.

D)Theymaybemisinterpretedoccasionally.35.A)Certainvaluesaresharedbyalargenumberofcultures.

B)Someproverbsareassumingmoreandmoreimportance.

C)Oldproverbsareconstantlyreplacedbynewones.

D)Certainvalueshavealwaysbeencentraltoaculture.Ourlivesarewoventogether.AsmuchasIenjoymyown(36)_____,InolongerimagineIcangetthrougha(37)_____daymuchlessallmylife,(38)_____onmyown.EvenifIamon(39)_____inthemountains,Iameatingfoodsomeoneelsehasgrown,livinginahousesomeoneelsehasbuilt,wearingclothessomeoneelsehas(40)_____fromclothwovenbyothers,using(41)_____someoneelseisdistributingtomyhouse.(42)_____ofinterdependenceiseverywhere;weareonthis(43)_____together.AsIwasgrowingup,(44)___________________________________________________.“Makeyourownway”,”Standonyourowntwofeet”ormymother’sfavoriteremarkwhenIwasface-to-facewithconsequencesofsomeaction:Nowthatyou’vemadeyourbed,lieonit.Totalindependenceisadominantthinginourculture.Iimaginethat(45)___________________________________________________________.Buttheteachingwasshapedbyourculturalimagines.Andinstead,IgrewupbelievingthatIwassupposedtobetotallyindependentandconsequentlybecameveryreluctanttoaskforhelp.(46)____________________________________________________________________.

Part

Ⅳ

ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)

(25minutes)Withtheworld'spopulationestimatedtogrowfromsixtoninebillionby2050,researchers.businessesandgovernmentsarealreadydealingwiththeimpactthisincreasewillhaveoneverythingfromfoodandwatertoinfrastructure(基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施)andjobs.Underlingallthis47willbethedemandforenergy,whichisexpectedtodoubleoverthenext40years.Findingtheresourcestomeetthisdemandina__48__sustainablewayisthecornerstone(基石)ofournation'senergysecurity,andwillbeoneofthemajor__49__ofthe21stcentury.Alternativeformsofenergy-bio-fuels,windandsolar,tonameafeware__50__beingfundedanddeveloped,andwillplayagrowing__51__intheworld'senergysupply.Butexpertssaythatevenwhen__52__,alternativeenergysourceswilllikelymeetonlyabout30%oftheworld'senergyneedsby2050.Forexample,evenwith__53__investments,suchasthe$93millionforwindenergydevelopment__54__in

theAmericanRecoveryandReinvestmentAct,importantalternativeenergysourcessuchaswindandbio-fuels__55__onlyabout1%ofthemarkettoday.Energyandsustainabilityexpertssaytheanswertoourfutureenergyneedswilllikelycomefromalotof__56__bothtraditionalandalternative.注意：此部分試題請?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。A)stableB)solutionsC)significantD)roleE)progressF)marvelousG)includedH)growthI)exactlyJ)consistK)compriseL)competitionsM)combinedN)challengesO)certainlyBoys'schoolsaretheperfectplacetoteachyoungmentoexpresstheiremotionsandinvolvetheminactivitiessuchasart,danceandmusic.Farfromthetraditionalimageofacultureofaggressivemasculinity(陽剛),theabsenceofgirlsgivesboysthechancetodevelopwithoutpressuretoconformtoastereotype.aUSstudysays.Boysatsingle-sexschoolsweresaidtobemorelikelytogetinvolvedinculturalandartisticactivitiesthathelpeddeveloptheiremotionalexpressiveness,ratherthanfeelingtheyhadtoconformtothe"boycode"ofhidingtheiremotionstobea"realman".Thefindingsofthestudysoagainstreceivedwisdomthatboysdobetterwhentaughtalongsidegirls.TonyLittle,headmasterofEton,warnedthatboyswerebeingfadedbytheBritisheducationsystembecauseithadbecometoofocusedongirls.Hecriticizedteachersforfailingtorecognizethatboysareactuallymoreemotionalthangirls.Theresearcharguedthatboysoftenperformbadlyinmixedschoolsbecausetheybecomediscouragedwhentheirfemalepeersdobetterearlierinspeakingandreadingskills.Butinsingle-sexschoolsteacherscantailorlessonstoboys'learningstyle,lettingthemmovearoundtheclassroomandgettingthemtocompeteinteamstopreventboredom,wrotethestudy'sauthor,AbigailJames,oftheUniversityofTeacherscouldencourageboystoenjoyreadingandwritingwith"boy-focused"approachessuchasthemesandcharactersthatappealtothem.Becauseboysgenerallyhavemoreacutevisionlearnbestthroughtouch,andarephysicallymoreactive,theyneedtobegiven"hands-on"lessonswheretheyareallowedtowalkaround."Boysinmixedschoolsviewclassicalmusicasfeminine(女性旳)andpreferthemodemgenre(類型)inwhichviolenceandsexismaremajorthemes,"Jameswrote.Single-sexeducationalsomadeitlesslikelythatboyswouldfeeltheyhadtoconformtoastereotypethatmenshouldbe"masterfulandincharge"inrelationships."Inmixedschoolsboysfeelcompelledtoactlikemenbeforetheyunderstandthemselveswellenoughtoknowwhatthatmeans,"thestudyreported.57.Theauthorbelievesthatasingle-sexschoolwould__________.A)forceboystohidetheiremotionstobe"realmen"B)helptocultivatemasculineaggressivenessinboysC)encourageboystoexpresstheiremotionsmorefreelyD)naturallyreinforceinboysthetraditionalimageofaman58.Itiscommonlybelievedthatinamixedschoolboys__________.A)Performrelativelybetter

C)behavemoreresponsiblyB)growupmorehealthily

D)receiveabettereducation59.WhatdoesTonyLittlesayabouttheBritisheducationsystem?A)Itfailsmoreboysthangirlsacademically.B)Itfocusesmoreonmixedschooleducation.C)Itfailstogiveboystheattentiontheyneed.D)Itplacesmorepressureonboysthanongirls.60.AccordingtoAbigailJames,oneoftheadvantagesofsingle-sexschoolsis__________.A)teachingcanbetailoredtosuitthecharacteristicsofboysB)boyscanfocusontheirlessonswithoutbeingdistractedC)boyscanchoosetolearnwhatevertheyareinterestedinD)teachingcanbedesignedtopromoteboys'teamspirit61.WhichofthefollowingischaracteristicofboysaccordingtoAbigailJames'report?A)Theyenjoybeingincharge.

C)Theyhavesharpervision.B)Theyconformtostereotypes.

D)Theyareviolentandsexist.

It'sanannualargument.Doweordowenotgoonholiday?Mypartnersaysnobecausetheboilercouldgo,ortherooffalloffandwehavenosavingstosaveus.Isayyouonlyliveonceandweworkhardandwhat'sthepointifyoucan'tgoonholiday.Thejoyofarecessionmeansnoargumentnextyear-wejustwon'tgo.Sincemoneyisknowntobeoneofthethingsmostlikelytobringarelationshiptoitsknees,weshouldbegrateful.FormanyfamiliestherecessionmeansmorethannotbookingaholidayAYouGovpollof2,000peoplefound22%saidtheywerearguingmorewiththeirpartnersbecauseofconcernsaboutmoney.What'slesscleariswhetherdivorceandseparationratesriseinarecession–financialpressuresmeancouplesarguemorebutmakesplittinguplessaffordable.Arecentresearchshowsargumentsaboutmoneywereespeciallydamagingtocouples.Disputeswerecharacterizedbyintenseverbal(言語上旳)aggression,tendedtoberepeatedandnotresolvedandmademen,morethanwomen,extremelyangry.KimStephenson,anoccupationalpsychologist,believesmoneyissuchabigdealbecauseofwhatitsymbolizes,whichmaybedifferentthingstomenandwomen."Peoplecansaythesamethingsaboutmoneybuthavedifferentideasofwhatit'sfor."heexplains."They'llsayit'stosavetospend,forsecurity,forfreedom,toshowsomeoneyoulovethem."Hesaysmenaremorelikelytoseemoneyasawayofbuyingstatusandofshowingtheirparentsthatthey'veachievedsomething."Thebiggestproblemisthatcouplesassumeeachotherknowwhat'sgoingonwiththeirfinances,buttheydon't.Thereseemstobemoreofataboo(禁忌)abouttalkingaboutmoneythanaboutdeath.Butyoubothneedtoknowwhatyou'redoing,who'spayingwhatintothejointaccountandhowmuchyoukeepseparately.Inahealthyrelationship,youdon'thavetoagreeaboutmoney,butyouhavetotalkaboutit."62.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutvacationing?A)Peopleenjoyitallthemoreduringarecession.B)Fewpeoplecanafforditwithoutworkinghard.C)Itmakesallthehardworkworthwhile.D)Itisthechiefcauseoffamilydisputes.63.Whatdoestheauthormeanbysaying"moneyisknown...tobringarelationshiptoitsknees"(Line1,Para.2)?A)Moneyisconsideredtobetherootofallevils.B)Somepeoplesacrificetheirdignityformoney.C)Fewpeoplecanresistthetemptationofmoney.D)Disputesovermoneymayrainarelationship.64.TheYouGovpollof2,000peopleindicatesthatinarecession__________.A)conflictsbetweencouplestendtoriseB)itismoreexpensiveforcouplestosplitupC)couplesshowmoreconcernforeachotherD)divorceandseparationratesincrease65.WhatdoesKimStephensonbelieve?A)Moneyisoftenasymbolofaperson'sstatus.B)Moneymeansagreatdealtobothandwomen.C)Menandwomenspendmoneyondifferentthings.D)Menandwomenviewmoneyindifferentways.66.Theauthorsuggestsattheendofthepassagethatcouplesshould__________.A)puttheirmoneytogetherinsteadofkeepingitseparatelyB)makeeffortstoreachagreementontheirfamilybudgetsC)discussmoneymatterstomaintainahealthyrelationshipD)avoidarguingaboutmoneymatterstoremainromanticPart

Ⅴ

Cloze

(15minutes)Employersfeartheywillbeunabletorecruitstudentswiththeskillstheyneedastheeconomicrecoverykicksin,anewsurvey__67__.Nearlyhalfoftheorganizationstoldresearcherstheywerealreadystrugglingtofind__68__withskillsinscience,technology,engineeringandmaths(STEM).__69__evenmorecompaniesexpecttoexperience__70__ofemployeeswithSTEMskillsinthenextthreeyears.TheConfederationofBritishIndustry__71__businessesandorganizationsacrossthepublicand__72__sectors,whichtogetheremploy2.4millionpeople.Halfare__73__theywillnotbeabletofillgraduatepostsinthecomingyears,whileathirdsaidtheywouldnotbeableto__74__enoughemployeeswiththerightA-levelskills."__75__wemovefurtherrolerecoveryandbusinessesplan__76__growth,thedemandforpeoplewithhigh-qualityskillsandqualificationswill__77__,"saidRichardLambert,DirectorGeneral,CBI."Firmssayitisalreadyhardtofindpeoplewiththeright__78__orengineeringskills.Thenewgovernmentmustmakeitatop__79__toencouragemoreyoungpeopletostudyscience-related__80__."Thesurveyfoundthatyoungpeoplewouldimprovetheirjobprospects__81__theystudiedbusiness,maths,EnglishandphysicsorchemistryatA-level.