英美文學(xué)獲獎(jiǎng)公開課課件

Neoclassicism

VS

RomanticismNeoclassicism

Background

(from1660to1798)

TheEnlightenmentMovement,afurtheranceoftheRenaissance,wasaprogressiveintellectualmovementflourishingthroughtheWesternEuropeinthe18thcentury.Enlightenersupheld支持rationality,equalityandscience.Theybelievedthatreasonwastheyardstick原則forthemeasurementofallhumanactivitiesandrelations,andthat"eternaltruth,""eternaljustice"and"eternalequality"waswhathumansocietyshouldseekfor.TheEnlightenmentMovementbroughtaboutrevivingtheinterestinoldclassicalworksisknownasneoclassicism.NeoclassicismInearly18thcenturyinBritish,neoclassicismbecameafashion.Itrespectstheruleofreason,andstressesperspicuity

明晰,symmetry對(duì)稱，abstinence節(jié)制，elegance優(yōu)雅，chasingperfectandharmoniousnessofartisticform.AlexanderPope（亞歷山大·蒲柏）istherepresentativeofthepoetryinneoclassicism.HeimitatedtheRomanpoet,whosepoem'sstylewasexquisite(精致雋俏).Thecontentofpoemgaveprioritytopreachandirony,ofwhichformusuallyappliedtoCouplet雙韻體.Butitlackedprofoundemotion.CharacteristicsNeoclassicismWorksJohnBunyan（約翰.班揚(yáng)）(1628-1688)wasadevoutChristian,andafirmnon-conformistoftheAnglicanChurch.ThePilgrim'sProgress.《天路歷程》AlexanderPope（亞歷山大.蒲伯）(1688-1744)isthegreatestpoetofthisperiod.Hestronglyadvocatedneoclassicism,emphasizingthatliteraryworksshouldbejudgedbyclassicalrulesoforder,reason,logic,restrainedemotion,goodtasteanddecorum.HisAnEssayonCriticism

《論批評(píng)》isadidacticpoemwritteninheroiccouplets.TheRapeoftheLock

《奪發(fā)記》

ishisfinestmockepic.

TheDunciad

《愚人志》,generallyconsideredPope'sbestsatiricwork.NeoclassicismNeoclassicismWorksDanielDefoe

(丹尼爾.笛福

)wasananti-feudal,anti-romanticrealisticwriter.RobinsonCrusoe

《魯賓遜漂流記》isDefoe'smasterpiece,inwhichtheauthorcreatestheimageofanenterprisingEnglishmanof18thcentury.JonathanSwift（喬納森.斯威夫特）：

Gulliver‘sTravels

《格列佛游記》

HenryFielding（亨利.菲爾?。捍碜鱐heHistoryofTomJones,AFoundling《棄兒湯姆·瓊斯旳歷史》

Neoclassicism

NeoclassicismWorksSamuelJohnson（塞繆爾.約翰遜）：thefirstEnglishdictionarybyanEnglishman—ADictionaryoftheEnglishLanguage

《英文大詞典》(1755)．RichardBrinsleySheridan

（理查德.比.謝立丹）：TheRivals

《情敵》and

TheSchoolforScandal《造謠學(xué)校》,aregenerallyregardedasimportantlinksbetweenthemasterpiecesofShakespeareandthoseofBernardShaw．ThomasGray（托馬斯.格雷）：ElegyWritteninaCountryChurchyard《墓園挽歌》(from1798to1832)

Romanticismistheartisticmovementofthe18thand19thcenturies,whichwasconcernedwiththeexpressionoftheindividual'sfeelingandemotions.ThemovementispartlyarevoltagainstaristocraticsocialandpoliticalnormsoftheAgeofEnlightenmentandareactionagainstthescientificrationalizationofnature.Itstressesstrongemotionasasourceofaestheticexperience.Besides,Romanticismemphasizesintuitionandimagination.Romanticism

BackgroundRomanticism

CharacteristicsActiveRomanticism（主動(dòng)浪漫主義）：ActiveRomanticismwasprogressivetrend,whichdaredtofacereality,criticizedsocialdarkness.Itguidedpeopletolookforward.PassiveRomanticism（悲觀浪漫主義）PassiveRomanticismbelongedtoreactionarycounter-current反動(dòng)旳逆流，totakepassiveescapeattitude,directingpeopletolookbackward.Romanticism

WorksThefirstpathofrealmasterswereknownasLakePoet

（湖畔派）.They’releadingwritersofPassiveRomanticism.WilliamWordsworth(威廉?華茲華斯)（1770－1850）andSamuelTaylorColeridge(薩繆爾?柯勒律治)（1772－1834）和羅伯特?騷塞（1774－1843)。TheLyricalBallads（抒情歌謠集）waspublishedbyWo