高考英語外刊閱讀訓(xùn)練之閱讀理解：劍橋大學(xué)的經(jīng)濟(jì)影響每年價(jià)值300億英鎊 講義

高考英語外刊閱讀訓(xùn)練——閱讀理解：劍橋大學(xué)的經(jīng)濟(jì)影響每年價(jià)值300億英鎊——改編自Cambridgeuniversity’seconomicimpactisworth￡30bnayearAccordingtoanewanalysis,theUniversityofCambridge’seconomicimpactontheUKisalmostfourtimesgreaterthanthatoftheEnglishPremierLeague.ConsultancyLondonEconomicsestimatedthatCambridgecreatesannualeconomicvalueofalmost￡30bnandsupports86,000jobs.Theuniversityalsogenerates￡11.70ofeconomicvalueforevery￡1spent.ThesefindingsarriveastheBritishgovernmenthopestodeployhighereducationtoboostresearchanddevelopmentandstimulateeconomicgrowth.ChancellorJeremyHuntcreated12low-taxinvestmentzonesin“priority”sectorsofdigitalandtechnology,lifesciences,advancedmanufacturing,greenindustriesandcreativeindustriesinlastweek’sbudget.Theuniversitycommissionedthereporttoexplainhowproactiveandstrategicprioritiescanproduceadisproportionatereturnforthelocaleconomy.Spinoutsfromtheuniversitygeneratedover￡23bnofeconomicbenefitin2019.Suchspinoutsareofferedaccesstobusinessexpertise,infrastructureandearly-stageinvestmentsothatfoundersanddepartmentsbenefitfinanciallyfromtheirdeployment.AhmedGoga,directorofthrivingregionsattheCBI,welcomedthegovernmentplan,arguingthatitshouldhelpsupportotheruniversityclustersacrossthecountry.Business’activeparticipationindesignanddevelopmentwillensurechangehappenseffectively.ChiefexecutiveoftheRussellGroupofresearch-intensiveuniversities,TimBradshaw,emphasisedthattheexpansionofinvestmentzonescouldstrengthenUKresearchinstitutionstodrivegrowth.Targetedsupportthroughsuchzoneswouldhelpestablishedandemergingclustersscaleupactivities,deliveringgreaterbenefitslocallyandnationally.【重點(diǎn)詞匯】1.analysis[??n?l?s?s]n.分析；2.economic[?i?k??nɑ?m?k]adj.經(jīng)濟(jì)的；3.impact[??mp?kt]n.影響；4.UK[?ju??ke?]n.英國；5.create[kri??e?t]v.創(chuàng)造；6.annual[??nju?l]adj.每年的；7.value[?v?lju?]n.價(jià)值；8.support[s??p??t]v.支持；9.job[d??b]n.就業(yè)崗位；10.generate[?d?en?re?t]v.產(chǎn)生；11.spend[spend]v.花費(fèi)；12.British[?br?t??]adj.英國的；13.government[?ɡ?v?nm?nt]n.政府；14.higher[?ha??r]adj.更高的；15.education[?edju?ke??n]n.教育；16.boost[bu?st]v.促進(jìn)；17.research[r??s??t?]n.研究；18.development[d??vel?pm?nt]n.發(fā)展；19.stimulate[?st?mjule?t]v.刺激；20.growth[ɡro?θ]n.增長；21.chancellor[?t??ns?l?r]n.大臣；22.low-tax[lo?-t?ks]adj.低稅率的；23.investment[?n?vestm?nt]n.投資；24.zone[zo?n]n.地區(qū)；25.digital['d?d??tl]adj.數(shù)字的；26.technology[tek?nɑ?l?d?i]n.科技；27.life[la?f]n.生命；28.science[?sa??ns]n.科學(xué)；29.advanced[?d?v?nst]adj.先進(jìn)的；30.manufacturing[?m?nju?f?kt??r??]n.制造業(yè)；31.green[ɡri?n]adj.綠色的；32.creative[kri??e?t?v]adj.創(chuàng)意的；33.commission[k??m???n]v.委托；34.proactive[pro???kt?v]adj.主動(dòng)的；35.strategic[str??ti?d??k]adj.戰(zhàn)略性的；36.priority[pra????r?ti]n.優(yōu)先事項(xiàng)；37.return[r??t??rn]n.回報(bào)；38.local[?lo?kl]adj.地方的；39.spinout[?sp?na?t]n.剝離；40.commercialise[k??m??r??la?z]v.私有化；41.research[r??s??rt?]n.研究；42.particularly[p?r?t?kj?l?li]adv.特別地；43.company[?k?mp?ni]n.公司；44.founder[?fa?nd?r]n.創(chuàng)始人；45.department[d??pɑ?rtm?nt]n.部門；46.benefit[?ben?f?t]v.受益；47.financial[fa??n?n?l]adj.財(cái)務(wù)的；48.deployment[d??pl??m?nt]n.配備；49.expansion[?k?sp?n?n]n.擴(kuò)大；50.intensify[?n?tens?fa?]v.加強(qiáng)。【閱讀理解練習(xí)題】1.WhatistheeconomicimpactoftheUniversityofCambridgeontheUK?A.Almost￡30bninannualeconomicvalueand86,000jobssupported.B.NearlyfourtimesgreaterthantheEnglishPremierLeague’simpact.C.￡11.70ofeconomicvaluegeneratedforevery￡1spent.D.Alloftheabove.Answer:D中文解析：劍橋大學(xué)對(duì)英國的經(jīng)濟(jì)影響幾乎達(dá)到每年300億英鎊和支持86000個(gè)工作崗位，是英超聯(lián)賽的近四倍，每花費(fèi)1英鎊就可以創(chuàng)造11.7英鎊的經(jīng)濟(jì)價(jià)值。2.Accordingtothearticle,whatprioritysectorsdidChancellorJeremyHuntfocusonforlow-taxinvestmentzones?A.Financeandindustry.B.Lifesciences,creativeindustries,andgreenindustries.C.Advancedmanufacturing,engineering,andshipping.D.Digitalandtechnology,lifesciences,advancedmanufacturing,greenindustries,andcreativeindustries.Answer:D中文解析：財(cái)政大臣杰里米·亨特在去年預(yù)算中創(chuàng)建了12個(gè)低稅率的重點(diǎn)行業(yè)投資區(qū)域，重點(diǎn)關(guān)注數(shù)字技術(shù)、生命科學(xué)、高級(jí)制造業(yè)、綠色產(chǎn)業(yè)和創(chuàng)意產(chǎn)業(yè)等領(lǐng)域。3.WhydidtheUniversityofCambridgecommissiontheLondonEconomicsreport?A.Toshowhowspinoutsfromtheuniversitygenerateeconomicbenefit.B.Toexplainhowproactiveandstrategicprioritiescanproduceahigheconomicreturn.C.Topromotethegrowthofotheruniversityclustersacrossthecountry.D.Toincreasegovernmentfundingforresearchanddevelopment.Answer:B中文解析：劍橋大學(xué)委托倫敦經(jīng)濟(jì)公司進(jìn)行該報(bào)告，是為了說明積極和戰(zhàn)略性的優(yōu)先事項(xiàng)如何產(chǎn)生高經(jīng)濟(jì)回報(bào)。4.WhatarespinoutsfromtheUniversityofCambridge?A.Sportsteamsaffiliatedwiththeuniversity.B.Entrepreneurswhocreatetheirownstartupswithsupportfromtheuniversity.C.Reportscommissionedbytheuniversitytoevaluateitseconomicimpact.D.Researchanddevelopmentprojectsundertakenbyuniversityfaculty.Answer:B中文解析：劍橋大學(xué)的創(chuàng)業(yè)公司（spinouts）指的是受到學(xué)校支持的企業(yè)家們創(chuàng)辦的自己的初創(chuàng)企業(yè)。5.HowmucheconomicbenefitwasgeneratedbyspinoutsfromtheUniversityofCambridgein2019?A.￡11.70forevery￡1spent.B.Approximately￡30bnannually.C.Over￡23bn.D.Anestimated86,000jobssupported.Answer:C中文解析：劍橋大學(xué)的創(chuàng)業(yè)公司在2019年創(chuàng)造了超過230億英鎊的經(jīng)濟(jì)利益。6.WhatisthepurposeofChancellorJeremyHunt'slow-taxinvestmentzones?A.Toincreasegovernmentfundingforresearchanddevelopment.B.Toprovidetaxbreaksforestablishedbusinesses.C.Tocreatejobsinstrugglingregions.D.Toboostinvestmentinprioritysectorsandstimulateeconomicgrowth.Answer:D中文解析：財(cái)政大臣杰里米·亨特的低稅率投資區(qū)域的目的是促進(jìn)對(duì)重點(diǎn)領(lǐng)域的投資和刺激經(jīng)濟(jì)增長。7.WhatdoesAhmedGoga,directorofthrivingregionsattheCBI,thinkaboutthegovernmentplan?A.Itshouldhelpsupportotheruniversityclustersacrossthecountry.B.Itmaynotbeeffectiveinstimulatingeconomicgrowth.C.Itfavorsestablishedbusinessesoverstartups.D.Itistoofocusedontraditionalindustries.Answer:A中文解析：英國工業(yè)聯(lián)合會(huì)欣欣地接受政府的計(jì)劃，并認(rèn)為應(yīng)該幫助支持全國其他大學(xué)集群。8.AccordingtoTimBradshaw,chiefexecutiveoftheRussellGroupofresearch-intensiveuniversities,howmightinvestmentzonesstrengthenUKresearchinstitutions?A.Byprovidingtaxbreaksforestablishedbusinesses.B.Bypromotinginterdisciplinaryresearchcollaborations.C.Byencouragingmorestudentstopursuepostgraduatedegrees.D.Byhelpingestablishedandemergingclustersscaleupactivitiesanddrivegrowth.Answer:D中文解析：研究密集的羅素集團(tuán)首席執(zhí)行官蒂姆·布拉德肖強(qiáng)調(diào)，通過這些低稅率投資區(qū)域的擴(kuò)張，將有助于加強(qiáng)英國的高等教育研究機(jī)構(gòu)，推動(dòng)增長，在當(dāng)?shù)睾腿珖秶鷥?nèi)提供更多的利益?！救闹鹁鋵?duì)照翻譯】根據(jù)一項(xiàng)新的分析，劍橋大學(xué)對(duì)英國經(jīng)濟(jì)的影響幾乎是英超聯(lián)賽的四倍。Accordingtoanewanalysis,theUniversityofCambridge’seconomicimpactontheUKisalmostfourtimesgreaterthanthatoftheEnglishPremierLeague.咨詢公司倫敦經(jīng)濟(jì)(LondonEconomics)估計(jì)，劍橋大學(xué)每年創(chuàng)造近300億英鎊的經(jīng)濟(jì)價(jià)值，并提供8.6萬個(gè)就業(yè)崗位。ConsultancyLondonEconomicsestimatedthatCambridgecreatesannualeconomicvalueofalmost￡30bnandsupports86,000jobs.每花費(fèi)1英鎊，牛津大學(xué)就能產(chǎn)生11.70英鎊的經(jīng)濟(jì)價(jià)值。Theuniversityalsogenerates￡11.70ofeconomicvalueforevery￡1spent.這些發(fā)現(xiàn)出爐之際，英國政府正希望利用高等教育來推動(dòng)研究和發(fā)展，刺激經(jīng)濟(jì)增長。ThesefindingsarriveastheBritishgovernmenthopestodeployhighereducationtoboostresearchanddevelopmentandstimulateeconomicgrowth.在上周的預(yù)算中，英國財(cái)政大臣杰里米?亨特(JeremyHunt)在數(shù)字技術(shù)、生命科學(xué)、先進(jìn)制造業(yè)、綠色產(chǎn)業(yè)和創(chuàng)意產(chǎn)業(yè)等“優(yōu)先”領(lǐng)域設(shè)立了12個(gè)低稅投資區(qū)。ChancellorJeremyHuntcreated12low-taxinvestmentzonesin“priority”sectorsofdigitalandtechnology,lifesciences,advancedmanufacturing,greenindustriesandcreativeindustriesinlastweek’sbudget.該大學(xué)委托撰寫了這份報(bào)告，以解釋積極主動(dòng)的戰(zhàn)略重點(diǎn)如何為當(dāng)?shù)亟?jīng)濟(jì)帶來不成比例的回報(bào)。Theuniversitycommissionedthereporttoexplainhowproactiveandstrategicprioritiescanproduceadisproportionatereturnforthelocaleconomy.2019年，該大學(xué)的副產(chǎn)品產(chǎn)生了超過230億英鎊的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。Spinoutsfromtheuniversitygeneratedover￡23bnofeconomicbenefitin2019.這些分拆出來的公司可以獲得商業(yè)專業(yè)知識(shí)、基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施和早期投資，以便創(chuàng)始人和部門從他們的部署中獲得經(jīng)濟(jì)利益。Suchspinoutsareofferedaccesstobusinessexpertise,infrastructureandearly-stageinvestmentsothatfoundersan