新標(biāo)準(zhǔn)大學(xué)英語三unit545375

TextDinneratJoanne’s12021/5/9DinneratJoanne’s1

Itwassnowingheavily,andalthougheverytrueNewYorkerlooksforwardtoawhiteChristmas,theshoppersonFifthAvenuewereinahurry,notjusttotrackdown

thelast-minutepresents,buttoescapethebittercoldandgethomewiththeirfamiliesforChristmasEve.Text22021/5/92

JoshLesterturnedinto46thStreet.HewasnotyetenjoyingtheChristmasspirit,becausehewasstillatwork,albeitaworkingdinneratJoanne's.Joshwasblack,inhisearlythirties,andanagreeable-lookingperson,dressedsmartlybutnotexpensively.Hewasfromahard-workingfamilyinupstate

Virginia,andwasprobablyhappiestbackhomeinhisparents'house.ButhisdemeanorconcealedaHarvardlawdegreeandaninternshipinDCwithacongressman,ajuniorpartnershipinaNewYorklawfirm,alongwitharazor-sharpintellectandanabilitytothinkonhisfeet.Joshwasverysmart.Text32021/5/93

TheappointmentmeantJoshwouldn'tgethomeuntilafterChristmas.Hewasnot,however,unhappy.HewasmeetingJoRogers,theseniorsenatorforConnecticut,andoneofthebest-knownfacesintheUS.SenatorRogerswasaDemocratinherthirdtermofoffice,whoknewCapitolHillinsideoutbutwhohadneverthelessmanagedtokeephercredibilitywithhervotersasaWashingtonoutsider.

Shewaspro-abortion,anti-corruption,pro-lowcarbonemissionsandanti-capitalpunishment,asfineaprogressiveliberalasyoucouldfindthissideoftheAtlantic.TalkshowhostscalledherHonestSenatorJo,andacoupleofyearsago,TimemagazinehadherintherunningforWomanoftheYear.Itwaselectiontimeinthefollowingyear,andthewordwasshewasgoingtorunfortheDemocraticnomination.RogershadmetJoshinDC,thoughthimhighlycompetent,andhadinvitedhimtodinner.Text42021/5/94

Joshshiveredashecheckedtheaddressontheslipofpaperinhishand.He'dneverbeentoJoanne's,butknewitbyreputation,notbecauseofitsfood,whichhadoftenbeenmaligned,oritsjazzorchestra,whichhadaguestslotforawell-knownmoviedirectorwhoplayedtrumpet,butbecauseofthestellarqualityofitssophisticatedguests:politicians,diplomats,movieactors,hall-of-fameathletes,journalists,writers,rockstarsandNobelPrizewinners–inshort,anyonewhowasanyoneinthiscityofpowerbrokers.5

Inside,therestaurantwasheavingwithpeople.TheheadwaiteratthefrontdesklookedatJoshashecamein.Text52021/5/96“CanIhelpyou?”7Joshreplied,“Yes,Ihavean...”8“Excuseme,sir,”theheadwaiterinterruptedastwoguestsarrived.“GoodeveningMissBacall,goodeveningMrHanks,”andclickedhisfingerstosummonanotherwaitertoshowthemtotheirtable.9“Now,sir...,”saidtheheadwaiter.“...doyouhaveareservation?”Heshruggedhisshoulders.“Wehavenosparetableswhatsoever,asyoucansee.”10“I'mmeetingaMsRogersheretonight.”Text62021/5/911TheheadwaiterlookedatJoshupanddown,andasked,“MayIhaveyourname?”12Joshtoldhim,andalthoughthewaiterrefrainedfromcurlinghislip,hemanagedtoshowbothdisdainandeffortlesssuperioritywithasimpleflaringofhisnostrils.13“Letmesee,”saidtheheadwaiter.“Well,yes,wedohaveatableforaMsRogers,butwillshebearrivingsoon?”Text72021/5/9Text14

Joshhadencounteredthisdoubtfultreatmentbeforebutwasnotintimidated.15

“I'msureshewill,”saidJosh.“Couldyoupleaseshowmetohertable?”16

“Comethisway,sir.”TheheadwaiterledJoshthroughtherestauranttoatableattheback,andpointed.17

“Thankyou.CouldyougetmeaMartini,please?”saidJosh.ButtheheadwaiterwasimpatienttogobackintotheheadyswirlofNewYorksociety,everyoneclamoring,orsoitappearedtohim,forhisattention.82021/5/9Text18

Thetablewasclosetothebathroomandrightbyahalf-openedwindow,apparentlypositionedwhereanicy

breezefromtheGreatLakes,passingdowntheHudsonValley,wouldenditsjourney.19

Suddenlytherewasamoment'ssilenceintherestaurant,onlyforthenoisetoresumeasintensewhispering.20

“SenatorRogers!”saidtheheadwaiter.“WhatagreathonoritistoseeyouatJoanne'sagain!”21

“Goodevening,Alberto.I'mdiningwithayoungman,nameofLester.”22

Theheadwaiterblinked,andswallowedhard.92021/5/9Text23

“Yes,Senator,pleasecomethisway,”andasSenatorRogerspassedthroughthecrowdedroom,headsturnedasthedinersrecognizedherandgreetedherwithsilentapplause.Inaclasslesssociety,RogerswastheclosestthingtoaristocracythatAmericahad.Albertohoveredforamoment,thenwenttospeaktoacolleague.24

“It'sgoodtoseeyouagain,Josh,”saidRogers.“Let'shavesomethingtoeat,thenI'dliketotalktoyouaboutabusinessproposition.”102021/5/9Text25

Albertoreturned,benthalfdoubleinalmostlaughable

humility.26

“Senator,asthistableissocold,souncomfortable,Iwaswonderingif...”27

SenatorRogerswaitedandthensaidquietly,“Goon.”28

“Iwaswonderingifyou'dlikeabettertable,inthemiddleoftherestaurant,soyouhaveabetterviewofeveryone.”Soeveryonehasabetterviewofyou,hemighthavesaid.“You'llbemuchmorecomfortable,and...”112021/5/9Text29

Albertopaused.SenatorRogerslookedaround.30

“Iagree,thisisn'tthebesttableinthehouse.Butyoubroughtmyfriendhere,andIguessthisiswherewe'llstay.We'llhavemyusual,please.”31

Aftertwohours,RogersandJoshgotuptoleave.Therewasafurtherflurryofattentionbythestaff,includinganofferbyAlbertotowaivepaymentofthebill,whichRogersrefused.Astheywereputtingontheircoats,Rogerssaid,“Thankyou,Alberto.Oh,haveIintroducedyoutomycompanion,JoshLester?”122021/5/9Text32

Alookofpanic,followedbyoneofdesperateoptimismflashedacrossAlberto'sface.33

“Ah,notyet,no,...notproperly,”hesaidweakly.34

“JoshLester.Thisisthelatestrecruittomyelectioncampaign.He'sgoingtobemynewdeputycampaignmanager,inchargeofraisingdonations.

AndifwegetthatRepublicanoutoftheWhiteHousenextyear,you'vejustmetmyChiefofStaff.”132021/5/9Text35

“Absolutelydelightedtomeetyou,MrLester,arealprivilege,I'msure.Idohopewe'llseeyoubothagaininJoanne'sverysoon,”saidAlberto.36

TheSenatorlookedatAlberto.37

“No,Idon'tthinkthat'satalllikely,”repliedSenatorRogers.38

RogersandJoshsteppedouttogetherintothecoldnightair.Ithadstoppedsnowing.142021/5/9喬安妮餐廳的晚餐1

雪下得很大，雖然每個(gè)真正的紐約人都盼著過一個(gè)白色的圣誕，可還在第五大道購物的人們卻行色匆匆，他們不但要在最后一刻前挑選到心儀的圣誕禮物，還要避開嚴(yán)寒，回家和親人們共度圣誕夜。Text152021/5/92

喬?！とR斯特拐進(jìn)了第四十六街。他還沒來得及享受圣誕的氣氛，因?yàn)樗栽诠ぷ髦?，雖說是要在喬安妮餐廳吃一頓工作餐。喬希是黑人，三十出頭，長得平易近人，穿著時(shí)髦得體，卻不華貴。他來自弗吉尼亞州北部，父母都是辛勤工作的人，或許只有回到父母家里才最讓他感到幸福。單從他的行為舉止，別人看不出他擁有一個(gè)哈佛法學(xué)院的學(xué)位，一段在華盛頓特區(qū)跟從國會(huì)議員實(shí)習(xí)的經(jīng)歷，還有紐約一家律師事務(wù)所初級合伙人的身份。他才華橫溢，思維敏捷，聰明過人。Text162021/5/93這次會(huì)面意味著喬希要過了圣誕夜才能回家了。他并沒有因此而不高興，因?yàn)樗姷娜耸强的腋裰莸馁Y深參議員喬·羅杰斯，此人是全美曝光率最高的名人之一。參議員羅杰斯是民主黨人，現(xiàn)在是她的第三個(gè)任期，對于國會(huì)山的一切她了如指掌，盡管如此，她還是盡力維持住了在她的支持者心中作為一位華盛頓局外人的信譽(yù)。她支持墮胎，反對腐敗，支持減少二氧化碳排量，反對死刑，可以說是大西洋的這一邊能找到的最完美的進(jìn)步自由派人士。脫口秀主持人們稱呼她“誠實(shí)的參議員喬”，幾年前《時(shí)代周刊》提名她參加年度女性的角逐。明年就是選舉年了，有消息稱她將參加民主黨內(nèi)總統(tǒng)提名的競選。羅杰斯在華盛頓見過喬希，她覺得喬希很有才干，于是就邀他共進(jìn)晚餐。Text172021/5/94喬希打了個(gè)冷戰(zhàn)，他打開手里的紙條核對了一下地址。之前他沒來過喬安妮餐廳，但對于它的鼎鼎大名卻早有耳聞，倒不是因?yàn)檫@里的飯菜有多美味，其實(shí)這里的菜品屢遭惡評，也不是因?yàn)檫@里的爵士管弦樂隊(duì)有一位知名電影導(dǎo)演客串吹小號，而是因?yàn)檫@里匯集了有頭有臉的賓客，可以說是星光璀璨，他們中有政客、外交家、電影明星、載入名人堂的體育明星、記者、作家、搖滾明星、諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)得主等等——總之，這里的每一位客人都是這座權(quán)力之城里的一個(gè)人物。5餐廳里面人頭攢動(dòng)。喬希走進(jìn)來時(shí)前臺的領(lǐng)班一直盯著他看。Text182021/5/96“您需要幫忙嗎？”7喬?；卮鹫f：“是的，我有一個(gè)……”8“對不起，先生……”看見有兩位客人走了進(jìn)來，領(lǐng)班打斷了他的話?！巴砩虾?，巴考爾小姐，晚上好，漢克斯先生?！苯又蛄藗€(gè)響指招呼服務(wù)生帶他們?nèi)胱?“好吧，先生，請問您預(yù)定座位了嗎？”領(lǐng)班聳了聳肩，說道，“您也看見了，我們沒有空余的座位?！?0“我今天晚上要在這兒和一位名叫羅杰斯的女士會(huì)面?！盩ext192021/5/911領(lǐng)班把喬希從頭到腳打量了一番，然后說“請問您怎么稱呼？”12喬希向他報(bào)了姓名，雖然領(lǐng)班好不容易才忍住沒撇嘴，但他還是鼓了鼓鼻翼，顯示出了他的不屑以及自然而然的優(yōu)越感。13“讓我想想?！鳖I(lǐng)班說道?！芭?，對了，我們的確為一位羅杰斯女士預(yù)留了一張桌子，可是她馬上就到嗎？”Text202021/5/914喬希過去也有過被人懷疑的經(jīng)歷，但他沒有被嚇到。15“我肯定她很快就到。能煩請你帶我去她的座位嗎？”喬希說。16“那這邊走，先生?！鳖I(lǐng)班把喬希領(lǐng)到餐廳靠里處，指了指一張桌子。17“謝謝，請給我來一杯馬丁尼，”喬希說?？赡俏活I(lǐng)班還沒等他說完就迫不及待地要回到紐約上層社會(huì)那令人陶醉的紛亂中去，至少在他看來，那里的每一個(gè)人都在召喚著他，希望得到他的注意。Text212021/5/918這張桌子離衛(wèi)生間很近，還緊挨著一扇半開的窗戶，好像從五大湖刮來的刺骨寒風(fēng)正好沿著哈得孫峽谷吹進(jìn)來，在這兒結(jié)束了它的旅程。19突然間，餐廳安靜了片刻，緊接著又響起了一陣熱烈的竊竊語聲。20“羅杰斯參議員！”領(lǐng)班喊道，“能在喬安妮再次見到您真是太榮幸了！”21“晚上好，阿爾貝托。我要和一位年青人吃飯，他叫萊斯特?！?2領(lǐng)班慌得直眨眼，還咽了咽口水。Text222021/5/923“好的，參議員，您這邊走?！碑?dāng)羅杰斯參議員穿過擁擠的餐廳時(shí)，不斷有人回過頭來，他們認(rèn)出了她，并默默地跟她打招呼。在一個(gè)不分階級的社會(huì)里，羅杰斯可以說是離美國的統(tǒng)治階級最近的人了。阿爾貝托在周圍轉(zhuǎn)了一陣子，然后走過去和一位同事說了幾句話。24“很高興又見到你，喬希，”羅杰斯說?！拔覀兿瘸渣c(diǎn)東西，然后我要跟你談?wù)勔环萆虡I(yè)提案的事?！盩ext232021/5/925阿爾貝托回到餐桌旁，深深地彎下腰，那謙卑的樣子簡直有點(diǎn)可笑。26“參議員，這張桌子太冷了，坐著不舒服，不知道……”27羅杰斯參議員等著他把話說完，她輕聲地說道，“請接著說?！?8“不知道您愿不愿意換張好點(diǎn)兒的桌子，到餐廳中央去，這樣您就能看到餐廳里的每一個(gè)人了?！边@樣餐廳里的每一個(gè)人都可以看見您啦，他本是想這么說的?！澳菢幽鷷?huì)覺得舒服得多，而且……”Text242021/5/929阿爾貝托停了下來。羅杰斯參議員看了看四周。30“我同意，這兒不是屋子里最好的座位，但既然你把我的朋友帶到了這兒，我想我們就呆在這里好了，上我平時(shí)點(diǎn)的菜吧?！?1兩個(gè)小時(shí)后，羅杰斯和喬希起身準(zhǔn)備離開，這又引起店員們的一陣騷動(dòng)，個(gè)個(gè)都主動(dòng)來獻(xiàn)殷勤，其中就包括阿爾貝托，他提出來要給他倆免單，但被羅杰斯拒絕了。他倆披上外套，羅杰斯說，“阿爾貝托，謝謝你。噢，我給你介紹我的同事喬?！とR斯特了嗎？”Text252021/5/932阿爾貝托的臉上先是一陣驚恐，然后又閃過絕望中的一絲企盼。33“啊，還沒有，不，……還沒正式介紹過?！彼吐曄職獾卣f。34“喬?！とR斯特。他是我剛剛招收的競選班子成員。他馬上就要成為我競選團(tuán)隊(duì)的副經(jīng)理了，將負(fù)責(zé)募集捐款。如果明年我們把那位共和黨人趕出白宮的話，你現(xiàn)在看到的就是我的白宮辦公廳主任?！盩ext262021/5/935“非常高興見到您，萊斯特先生，非常榮幸，真的。我衷心希望很快能在喬安妮餐廳再次見到二位?！?6參議員看了看阿爾貝托。37“不會(huì)了，我覺得沒有這種可能了?！绷_杰斯參議員回答道。38羅杰斯和喬希一起走進(jìn)寒風(fēng)凜冽的夜色中。雪已經(jīng)停了。Text272021/5/9Words&Phrasesheavilyalbeitagreeablesmartlyupstatedemeanorinternshipprogressivecorruptionvoterdemocraticdemocratintellectrazordiplomathall-of-famesophisticatedstellartrumpetslotorchestracongressmanpartnershiprazor-sharpshivercompetentnominationheaveheavingpowerbroker282021/5/9Words&Phrasessummonshrugwhatsoeverrefraincurldisdaineffortlessicyclamorswirlimpatientintimidateintimidateddoubtfulhumilitylaughablepropositionhoveraristocracyclasslessapplauseflarenostrilencounterdinerintensebreezewaiveflurryuncomfortable292021/5/9Words&Phrasesweaklyrecruitdeputydonationrepublicanchiefofstaff302021/5/9Words&Phrasestrackdownthinkonone’sfeetknowsth.insideoutintherunningforcurlone’slip(s)312021/5/9Words&PhrasesFifthAvenue（美國紐約市的）第五街（以講究時(shí)髦、闊綽著稱）JoshLester喬?！とR斯特（人名）Virginia弗吉尼亞州（美國州名）JoRogers喬·羅杰斯（人名）Connecticut康涅狄格州（美國州名，位于美國東北部新英格蘭地區(qū)）CapitolHill1（美國）國會(huì)

2（華盛頓特區(qū)的）國會(huì)山322021/5/9Words&PhrasesMartini馬提尼酒（一種由杜松子酒、苦艾酒等混合而成的雞尾酒）GreatLakes五大湖（美國和加拿大之間的五個(gè)大湖的總稱）HudsonValley哈得孫河谷（美國東北部）Alberto阿爾貝托（人名）332021/5/9heavilyad.1)inlargeamounts大量地e.g.

1.Heisheavilyinsuredagainstdeath.他給自己投了巨額的人身保險(xiǎn)。2.Hisbusinessisheavilyindebt.

他的公司欠了很多債。2)toalargedegree很大程度地；高度地

e.g.

1.heavilywooded,uncultivated,thinlysettledareas森林茂密、未經(jīng)開墾、人煙稀少地區(qū)Words&Phrases342021/5/92.Hiswordweighedheavilywiththejury.

他的話對陪審團(tuán)發(fā)生重要影響。3.Theareareliesheavilyontheminesforjobs.

這個(gè)地區(qū)的就業(yè)很大程度上是靠著這些礦。3)ifyoudoorsaysth.heavily,youdoitslowlyandwithalotofeffort,especiallybecauseyouaresadorbored（尤因傷心或無聊而）行動(dòng)緩慢地e.g.“Idon’tunderstandyou,”shesaidheavily.“我不明白你，”她悶悶不樂地說道。Wordfamily:heavy

a.Words&Phrases352021/5/9albeitconj.(fml)

usedforintroducingacommentthatslightlychangesorreducestheeffectofapreviousremark,likeevenifitis/although…

盡管；即使

e.g.

1.Inflationcontinuestodecline,albeitslowly.通脹持續(xù)下降，雖然速度較慢。2.Itried,albeitunsuccessfully,tocontacthim.盡管未與他聯(lián)系上，可是我已盡力而為了。Words&Phrases362021/5/9agreeablea.1)(fml)pleasant,nice,orsatisfactory令人愉快的；愜意的e.g.Ifindheraveryagreeablewoman.我發(fā)現(xiàn)她是位和藹可親的女性。2)[~to]acceptableorabletobeagreedon可接受的

e.g.WoulditbeagreeabletoyoutoadoptthecustomarypracticethathasbeenusedintheSino-Francetrade?

我們采用中法貿(mào)易中長期使用的慣例，你能接受嗎？Words&PhrasesAntonym:disagreeable

372021/5/9smartlyad.inastylishmanner

衣著整潔地e.g.1.Youmustdresssmartlyforyourjobinterview.

參加工作面試要衣著整潔（得體）。2.Asmartlydressedyoungmanislookingforyouatthedoor.

門口有個(gè)衣著整潔（帥氣）的年青人在找你。Wordfamily: smarta.Words&Phrases382021/5/9henorthernpartofaparticularstateintheUS

（美國某州）北部的e.g.Helpsarrivedforsnow-buriedupstateNewYork.救援部隊(duì)已經(jīng)到達(dá)了被大雪覆蓋的紐約州北部地區(qū)。alsoad.e.g.Wedrove150milesupstate.我們向北部開了150英里。Words&Phrases392021/5/9demeanor

n.[U](AmEfml)thewayyoulookandbehave

風(fēng)度；舉止e.g.

1.Hisdemeanourhasalwaysbeenthatofaperfectgentleman.

他的舉止始終是屬于正人君子的模樣。2.Everybodywasconvincedbyyourbrilliantdemeanorinthemeetingtoday!

今天開會(huì)時(shí)你的風(fēng)采讓大家都折服了!Words&Phrases402021/5/9internship

n.[C,U](AmE)ajobthatastudentorsomeonewhohasrecentlyobtainedadegreetakesinordertogetexperience

實(shí)習(xí)的職位；實(shí)習(xí)期e.g.

1.Herecentlyfinishedasix-monthinternshipatPuma.

他最近在彪馬公司完成了為期6個(gè)月的實(shí)習(xí)。2.AttheendofthreeyearshefinishedhisinternshipandtookapositionwithaprivateclinicinLondon.三年后他的實(shí)習(xí)期滿，便在倫敦的一家私人診所里任職。Words&Phrases412021/5/9congressman

n.[C](pl.congressmen)amanwhoisamemberoftheUScongress,especiallytheHouseofRepresentatives

（美國）國會(huì)議員，（尤指）眾議員e.g.

1.Rumorsofcorruptiondishonoredthecongressman.貪污的謠言使那位國會(huì)議員蒙羞。2.Thecongressmanresignedafterhavingbeenfoundguiltyofbribery.這位議員被證實(shí)犯有行賄受賄罪后辭職了。Words&Phrases422021/5/9partnership

n.1)

[U](business)thepositionofbeingoneoftwoormorepeoplewhoownacompanyaspartners

合伙（關(guān)系）；合股；合伙人身份e.g.

1.Sheworkedinpartnershipwithhersister.她和妹妹合伙經(jīng)營。2.Joepromisedtotakemeintopartnershipinhisfirm.

喬答應(yīng)讓我成為他公司的合伙人。Words&Phrases432021/5/92)[C,U]arelationshipbetweentwopeople,organizations,orcountries

（兩個(gè)人、組織或國家之間的）合作關(guān)系，伙伴關(guān)系e.g.

1.Thetwonationsarebuildingaconstructivepartnership.這兩個(gè)國家正在建立一種建設(shè)性伙伴關(guān)系。2.ThecompanyhasgoneintopartnershipwithSwissBankCorporation.這家公司已經(jīng)和瑞士銀行公司建立合作關(guān)系。Words&Phrases

442021/5/9razor-sharpa.1)

veryclever

非常聰明的e.g.Heiswell-knownforhisrazor-sharpmind.他以頭腦敏銳而出名。2)verysharp非常鋒利的e.g.1.

razor-sharpteeth鋒利的牙齒2.Hisobservationsarerazor-sharpwhilehiswitmakeshistopicspalatabletohisreaders.他的觀察力如刀刃般犀利，而他的詼諧使其話題為讀者所喜愛。Seealso:

razor.Words&Phrases452021/5/9razorn.[C]

asmalltoolorpieceofelectricalequipmentusedforshaving(=removinghairfromyourskin)剃須刀；刮胡刀e.g.Anewrazorgivesacloseshave.新刀片刮得很干凈。Seealso:

razor-sharp.Words&Phrases462021/5/9intellectn.1)

[C,U]

theabilitytothinkinanintelligentwayandtounderstanddifficultorcomplicatedideasandsubjects

智力；思維能力；理解力e.g.Opinionisultimatelydeterminedbythefeelings,andnotbytheintellect.(HerbertSpencer)觀點(diǎn)是完全由情感而不是由理智決定的。（赫伯特·斯賓塞）2)[C]someonewhoisextremelyintelligent

才智非凡的人；才華出眾的人e.g.Hewasoneofthemostformidableintellectsofhistimes.他是那個(gè)時(shí)代的蓋世奇才。Words&Phrases472021/5/9Wordfamily:ellectually

ad. anti-intellectuala.

intellectualpropertyn. anti-intellectualismn.Fillintheblankswithproperwords.1.Thereareveryfewcountriesintheworldwhere_________________runsashighinpopularcultureasitdoesintheUS.2.Anysongthatyouwriteisyour__________________.3.Asthedaughterofcollegeprofessors,she'susedtobeingaround__________people.4.About40percentofthestudentswerefoundtobe____________curiousaboutpolitics,artsandscience.Words&Phrasesanti-intellectualismintellectualpropertyintellectualintellectually482021/5/9democratn.[C]1)

(Democrat)

amemberoftheDemocraticPartyintheUS

（美國的）民主黨人e.g.TheDemocratupsetthegovernorintheelection.

這位民主黨人在選舉中擊敗了州長。2)someonewhosupportsdemocracyasapoliticalsystem

民主主義者；民主人士e.g.Heisjustwhatheclaimsheis,anaturaldemocrat.

正如他自己所稱，他是個(gè)天生的民主主義者。Seealso:

democratic.Words&Phrases492021/5/9democratica.

1)

(Democratic)

usedinthenamesofsomepoliticalparties（美國）民主黨的e.g.TheDemocraticPartydidnothaveeasyvictoriesintherecentelections.民主黨在最近幾次選舉中的勝利來之不易。2)basedontheprinciplethatallpeopleareequalandshouldbeabletoshareinmakingdecisions

民主的；民主管理的e.g.Hehasademocraticwork-style.他作風(fēng)民主。Seealso:

democrat.Words&Phrases502021/5/9voter

n.[C]

someonewhovotesinanelection投票人；選舉人；選民e.g.Thevotersshowtheiroppositiontothegovernmentbyvotingagainsttheproposal.投票人用投票反對該建議的方法表示他們對政府的反對。Wordfamily:

votev.e.g.1.Ifwecannotagree,let'svoteonit.

咱們意見要是不一致就表決吧。2.Heisvotedthesmartestinthefamily.

他被公認(rèn)為是全家最聰明的一個(gè)。Words&Phrases512021/5/9corruption

n.[U]

dishonestorillegalbehaviourbyofficialsorpeopleinpositionsofpower,especiallywhentheyacceptmoneyinexchangefordoingthingsforsomeone腐敗行為；（尤指）受賄e.g.1.

Theyareplanninganewcampaignagainstcorruption.

他們正在策劃一個(gè)新的反貪污運(yùn)動(dòng)。2.

Accusationsofcorruptionhavebeenmadeagainsthim.

對他貪污的控告已經(jīng)提出。Words&Phrases522021/5/9Wordfamily:

corruptv.&a.e.g.1.

Thebusinessmanwassenttoprisonfortryingtocorruptataxofficialwithmoney.這名商人因企圖向稅務(wù)官員行賄而被判入獄。2.Thisyoungmanwasinfluencedbybadpeopleandbecamecorruptwithoutbeingawareofit.這個(gè)青年受壞人引誘，開始墮落而不自覺。Words&Phrases532021/5/9progressive

a.1)supportingsocialandpoliticalchangethataimstomakeasystemfairer進(jìn)步的；先進(jìn)的；改革的e.g.Sheisthemostprogressivewriteroftheera.她是那個(gè)時(shí)代最進(jìn)步的作家。2)developinggradually向前進(jìn)的；發(fā)展中的e.g.1.

Successistheprogressiverealizationofworthygoal.

成功是一個(gè)逐漸實(shí)現(xiàn)有價(jià)值的目標(biāo)的過程。2.Itwasaprogressivediseaseandhewouldsuffermoreandmore.病情逐漸加劇，他將忍受越來越大的痛苦。Words&Phrases542021/5/9nomination

n.[C,U]anofficialsuggestionthatsomeoneshouldgetajoboraprize,orthedecisiontogivethemajoboraprize提名；推薦e.g.1.WhowillgettheRepublicannominationforpresident?誰會(huì)被共和黨提名競選總統(tǒng)呢？2.

ThesongbroughtheranAcademyAwardnomination.這首歌使她獲得了奧斯卡獎(jiǎng)的提名。Wordfamily:

nominate

v.e.g.Theboardnominatedhimasthenewdirector.董事會(huì)指定他為新董事。Words&Phrases552021/5/9competent

a.capableofdoingsth.inasatisfactoryoreffectiveway

能勝任的；能干的e.g.1.Somecompaniesnowofferetiquetteseminarsforemployeeswhomaybecompetentprofessionallybutcluelesssocially.(CET4-2003-12)一些公司現(xiàn)在面向那些勝任業(yè)務(wù)但不懂社交禮儀的員工們開設(shè)禮儀培訓(xùn)班。2.

Ofalltheapplicants,themostcompetentpersonwillfillthevacantposition.這個(gè)空缺將由應(yīng)征者中最能干者填補(bǔ)。Wordfamily:

competence

n.Antonym:

incompetent

Words&Phrases562021/5/9shiver

vi.&n.1)vi.

ifyoushiver,yourbodyshakesslightly,forexamplebecauseyouarecoldorfrightened

（因寒冷或害怕而）顫抖，哆嗦e.g.Asuddengustofcoldwindmademeshiverallover.一陣突如其來的冷風(fēng)吹得我渾身直哆嗦。2)n.ashakingmovementthatyourbodymakeswhenyouarecold,frightened,orexcited顫抖；打顫e.g.Thegruesomesightsentashiverdownmyspine.那可怕的情景使我的背脊發(fā)涼。Synonym:

shake

Words&Phrases572021/5/9orchestra

n.[C]alargegroupofmusiciansusingmanydifferentinstrumentstoplaymostlyclassicalmusic

管弦樂隊(duì)e.g.HeconductstheLondonSymphonyOrchestra.他指揮倫敦交響樂團(tuán)。Wordfamily:

orchestral

a.Words&Phrases582021/5/9slot

n.[C]1)ashortperiodoftimeallowedforoneparticulareventonaprogramortimetable（節(jié)目單或時(shí)間表上為某節(jié)目或排定的）一段短暫的時(shí)間；（廣播節(jié)目等的）一檔e.g.1.Igottoknowthenewsfromalate-nighttelevisionslot.我從一檔深夜電視節(jié)目中得知這個(gè)消息。2.Viewers’letterswerereadoutinthisfive-minuteslot.

觀眾來信在這檔5分鐘節(jié)目中宣讀。2)o

狹窄的通道；狹窄的空間；狹縫；投幣口e.g.Heslidacoinintotheslotofthejukebox.他把一枚硬幣投進(jìn)自動(dòng)點(diǎn)唱機(jī)投幣口。Words&Phrases592021/5/9trumpet

n.[C]amusicalinstrumentthatisacurvedmetaltubewithawideend.Youplayitbyblowingintoitasyoupressbuttonsonthetop.喇叭；小號e.g.Heblewhistrumpetontheway.他在路上吹著喇叭。Words&Phrases602021/5/9stellar

a.1)(AmE)astellarperformance,achievement,pieceofworketc.isextremelygood

杰出的；優(yōu)秀的e.g.Suchstellarachievementscouldnotbepossiblewithoutagoodworkforce.這些杰出成就的取得全靠優(yōu)秀的員工。2)

relatingtostars星的；星球的e.g.Intermsofstellardistancesajourneyfromtheearthtothemoonwouldappearveryshort.從星際的角度來看，從地球到月球的路程是很短的。Words&Phrases612021/5/9sophisticateda.1)

knowingandunderstandingalotaboutacomplicatedsubject

老練的；精通的；講究的e.g.1.Wearingasuitandtiecanmakeyoulookverysophisticated.

穿西裝打領(lǐng)帶讓你看起來非常老練。2.Discussionandreflectionarenecessaryforasophisticatedresponsetoatext.討論與深思對深刻理解文本來說是必要的。Words&Phrases622021/5/92)complicatedandadvancedindesign

復(fù)雜的；精密的e.g.

1.Theyarebeginningtousethesesophisticatedimagestoplansurgicalproceduresindetail.他們開始用這些精密的圖像來詳細(xì)設(shè)計(jì)手術(shù)程序。2.Inmodernwarfare,mobilityandsophisticatedweaponsaremoreimportantthanweightofnumbers.在現(xiàn)代戰(zhàn)爭中，機(jī)動(dòng)性和先進(jìn)武器比人多勢眾更為重要。Wordfamily:sophisticate

n.

[C]

老于世故的人sophisticationn.

Words&Phrases

632021/5/9hall-of-famen.[C]1)

[singular](AmE)thegroupofpeoplewhoaremostfamousfordoingaparticularactivity

（某項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)、某行業(yè)等中的）杰出人物，名人，佼佼者e.g.VivienneWestwoodhasscaledtheheightsoffashion'shalloffame.薇薇恩·韋斯特伍德已經(jīng)成為時(shí)尚界的杰出人物。Words&Phrases642021/5/92)

(HallofFame)

aplacewherepeoplegotolearnaboutaparticularsportoractivityandthefamouspeoplewhodoit（紐約市的）美國名人紀(jì)念堂e.g.AllthreewillonedaybeinductedintotheHall-of-Fame,mostlikelyonthefirstballot.有朝一日，他們?nèi)硕紝⑦M(jìn)入“名人堂”，而且極可能是其中的領(lǐng)先者。Words&Phrases652021/5/9diplomatn.[C]1)

anofficialwhosejobistorepresenttheirgovernmentinaforeigncountry

外交官；外交家e.g.Hisjobasadiplomatwasablindforhisspying.他擔(dān)任外交官的職務(wù)是為了給他的間諜身份打掩護(hù)。2)

someonewhoisgoodatdealingwithpeopleinasensitivewaythatdoesnotupsetoroffendthem

有手腕的人，善交際的人e.g.Mybrotherwasbornadiplomat,withhisgiftindealingwithvariouskindsofpeople.我兄弟善于應(yīng)付形形色色人，可謂生來就是善交際的人。Wordfamily:diplomatic

a.

diplomacyn.

[U]Words&Phrases662021/5/9powerbrokern.[C]apersonorcountrythathasalotofinfluenceandusesittocontrolotherpeopleorcountries（有影響力、能操縱他人或他國的）權(quán)力經(jīng)紀(jì)人Words&PhrasesPowerbrokerscandemandmorebenefitsincloselycontestedareasandpolicies.Theycanplaybothsidesandinfluencevotersforthehighestbidder(出價(jià)人).Thesebrokerswieldgreatinfluenceovervoterswhomaybededicatedtooneissuethatdrawsthemintotheelectoralprocessbutundecidedonothers.Hence,thebrokersmaintaintheirinfluencebydenyingloyaltytoapoliticalpartyorotherpoliticallabel.672021/5/9heaving

a.1)

(BrEinfml)verybusyandfullofpeople

熱鬧的；熙熙攘攘的e.g.Manypeoplecomeonboardwithbagsheavingwithduty-freeandotherbitsofshopping.許多乘客提著裝滿免稅品和其它購物商品的包登機(jī)。2)movingupanddownwithlargeregularmovements

起伏的e.g.Thesunisrisingfromtheheavingsea.太陽正從波濤起伏的海面上升起。Seealso:

heave.Words&Phrases682021/5/9heave

v.1)vi.moveupanddownwithlargeregularmovements

（有節(jié)奏地大幅）起伏e.g.Thebillowsheaveonthesea.海上波濤翻騰。2)v.moveupanddownwithlargeregularmovements

（用力）推，拉，提，舉e.g.Theyneedsomemachinerytoheavethesunkenboatupfromthebottomofthelake.他們需要一些機(jī)械來把沉船從湖底打撈上來。Seealso:

heaving.Words&Phrases692021/5/9summon

vt.1)

(fml)officiallyordersomeonetocometoaplace,especiallyacourtoflaw

召見，傳喚；叫（或命令）……過來e.g.1.

Theshareholdersweresummonedtoageneralmeeting.那些股東被召集去參加股東大會(huì)。2.Hesummonedhissoldierstofight.他號召部下戰(zhàn)斗。Words&Phrases702021/5/92)

managetoproduceaqualityorareactionthathelpsyoutodealwithadifficultsituation

鼓起（勇氣）；振作（精神）e.g.1.

Youmustsummonallyourcouragetomeetthedanger.你必須鼓起全部勇氣以面對危險(xiǎn)。2.Nooneisabletosummonhimupafterhiswifedied.他的妻子死后，沒有人可以使他振作起來。Words&Phrases712021/5/9shrug

1)

v.moveyourshouldersupandletthemdroptoshowthatyoudonotknowsth.ordonotcare

聳（肩）（表示不知情或不感興趣）e.g.1.WhenIamaskedabouthowtolearnEnglishwell,Ioftenshrugmyshoulders.每當(dāng)有人問我怎樣學(xué)好英語時(shí)，我總是聳聳肩。2.Thisactresstriedtoshrugoffthesereporters.這位女演員試圖對這些記者們不予理睬。2)

n.anactorinstanceofshruggingone‘sshoulders聳肩e.g.Shebrushedoffeverysuggestionwithashrugandraisedeyebrows.

她對每一個(gè)建議都不接受，只是雙肩一聳眉毛一揚(yáng)了事。Words&Phrases722021/5/9whatsoever

1)ad.usedforemphasizinganegativestatement

任何，絲毫（用于加強(qiáng)否定陳述句的語氣）e.g.1.Ihavenoearwhatsoeverformusic.我對音樂完全欣賞不來。2.There'snoreasonwhatsoevertoturndownthissuggestion.

沒有任何理由拒絕這個(gè)建議。2)

pron.whatever無論什么e.g.

Whatsoevernonsensethenewspaperprints,somepeoplealwaysbelieveit.

無論報(bào)紙上刊登什么荒謬的東西，總有人相信。Words&Phrases732021/5/9refrain

v.(fml)stopyourselffromdoingsth.忍?。还?jié)制e.g.1.Pleaserefrainfromspittingonthesidewalk.請不要在人行道上吐痰。2.Let'shopetheywillrefrainfromhostileactions.希望他們不采取敵對行動(dòng)。3.Pleaserefrainfromsmokingduringthe