新標準大學英語三unit545375

TextDinneratJoanne’s12021/5/9DinneratJoanne’s1

Itwassnowingheavily,andalthougheverytrueNewYorkerlooksforwardtoawhiteChristmas,theshoppersonFifthAvenuewereinahurry,notjusttotrackdown

thelast-minutepresents,buttoescapethebittercoldandgethomewiththeirfamiliesforChristmasEve.Text22021/5/92

JoshLesterturnedinto46thStreet.HewasnotyetenjoyingtheChristmasspirit,becausehewasstillatwork,albeitaworkingdinneratJoanne's.Joshwasblack,inhisearlythirties,andanagreeable-lookingperson,dressedsmartlybutnotexpensively.Hewasfromahard-workingfamilyinupstate

Virginia,andwasprobablyhappiestbackhomeinhisparents'house.ButhisdemeanorconcealedaHarvardlawdegreeandaninternshipinDCwithacongressman,ajuniorpartnershipinaNewYorklawfirm,alongwitharazor-sharpintellectandanabilitytothinkonhisfeet.Joshwasverysmart.Text32021/5/93

TheappointmentmeantJoshwouldn'tgethomeuntilafterChristmas.Hewasnot,however,unhappy.HewasmeetingJoRogers,theseniorsenatorforConnecticut,andoneofthebest-knownfacesintheUS.SenatorRogerswasaDemocratinherthirdtermofoffice,whoknewCapitolHillinsideoutbutwhohadneverthelessmanagedtokeephercredibilitywithhervotersasaWashingtonoutsider.

Shewaspro-abortion,anti-corruption,pro-lowcarbonemissionsandanti-capitalpunishment,asfineaprogressiveliberalasyoucouldfindthissideoftheAtlantic.TalkshowhostscalledherHonestSenatorJo,andacoupleofyearsago,TimemagazinehadherintherunningforWomanoftheYear.Itwaselectiontimeinthefollowingyear,andthewordwasshewasgoingtorunfortheDemocraticnomination.RogershadmetJoshinDC,thoughthimhighlycompetent,andhadinvitedhimtodinner.Text42021/5/94

Joshshiveredashecheckedtheaddressontheslipofpaperinhishand.He'dneverbeentoJoanne's,butknewitbyreputation,notbecauseofitsfood,whichhadoftenbeenmaligned,oritsjazzorchestra,whichhadaguestslotforawell-knownmoviedirectorwhoplayedtrumpet,butbecauseofthestellarqualityofitssophisticatedguests:politicians,diplomats,movieactors,hall-of-fameathletes,journalists,writers,rockstarsandNobelPrizewinners–inshort,anyonewhowasanyoneinthiscityofpowerbrokers.5

Inside,therestaurantwasheavingwithpeople.TheheadwaiteratthefrontdesklookedatJoshashecamein.Text52021/5/96“CanIhelpyou?”7Joshreplied,“Yes,Ihavean...”8“Excuseme,sir,”theheadwaiterinterruptedastwoguestsarrived.“GoodeveningMissBacall,goodeveningMrHanks,”andclickedhisfingerstosummonanotherwaitertoshowthemtotheirtable.9“Now,sir...,”saidtheheadwaiter.“...doyouhaveareservation?”Heshruggedhisshoulders.“Wehavenosparetableswhatsoever,asyoucansee.”10“I'mmeetingaMsRogersheretonight.”Text62021/5/911TheheadwaiterlookedatJoshupanddown,andasked,“MayIhaveyourname?”12Joshtoldhim,andalthoughthewaiterrefrainedfromcurlinghislip,hemanagedtoshowbothdisdainandeffortlesssuperioritywithasimpleflaringofhisnostrils.13“Letmesee,”saidtheheadwaiter.“Well,yes,wedohaveatableforaMsRogers,butwillshebearrivingsoon?”Text72021/5/9Text14

Joshhadencounteredthisdoubtfultreatmentbeforebutwasnotintimidated.15

“I'msureshewill,”saidJosh.“Couldyoupleaseshowmetohertable?”16

“Comethisway,sir.”TheheadwaiterledJoshthroughtherestauranttoatableattheback,andpointed.17

“Thankyou.CouldyougetmeaMartini,please?”saidJosh.ButtheheadwaiterwasimpatienttogobackintotheheadyswirlofNewYorksociety,everyoneclamoring,orsoitappearedtohim,forhisattention.82021/5/9Text18

Thetablewasclosetothebathroomandrightbyahalf-openedwindow,apparentlypositionedwhereanicy

breezefromtheGreatLakes,passingdowntheHudsonValley,wouldenditsjourney.19

Suddenlytherewasamoment'ssilenceintherestaurant,onlyforthenoisetoresumeasintensewhispering.20

“SenatorRogers!”saidtheheadwaiter.“WhatagreathonoritistoseeyouatJoanne'sagain!”21

“Goodevening,Alberto.I'mdiningwithayoungman,nameofLester.”22

Theheadwaiterblinked,andswallowedhard.92021/5/9Text23

“Yes,Senator,pleasecomethisway,”andasSenatorRogerspassedthroughthecrowdedroom,headsturnedasthedinersrecognizedherandgreetedherwithsilentapplause.Inaclasslesssociety,RogerswastheclosestthingtoaristocracythatAmericahad.Albertohoveredforamoment,thenwenttospeaktoacolleague.24

“It'sgoodtoseeyouagain,Josh,”saidRogers.“Let'shavesomethingtoeat,thenI'dliketotalktoyouaboutabusinessproposition.”102021/5/9Text25

Albertoreturned,benthalfdoubleinalmostlaughable

humility.26

“Senator,asthistableissocold,souncomfortable,Iwaswonderingif...”27

SenatorRogerswaitedandthensaidquietly,“Goon.”28

“Iwaswonderingifyou'dlikeabettertable,inthemiddleoftherestaurant,soyouhaveabetterviewofeveryone.”Soeveryonehasabetterviewofyou,hemighthavesaid.“You'llbemuchmorecomfortable,and...”112021/5/9Text29

Albertopaused.SenatorRogerslookedaround.30

“Iagree,thisisn'tthebesttableinthehouse.Butyoubroughtmyfriendhere,andIguessthisiswherewe'llstay.We'llhavemyusual,please.”31

Aftertwohours,RogersandJoshgotuptoleave.Therewasafurtherflurryofattentionbythestaff,includinganofferbyAlbertotowaivepaymentofthebill,whichRogersrefused.Astheywereputtingontheircoats,Rogerssaid,“Thankyou,Alberto.Oh,haveIintroducedyoutomycompanion,JoshLester?”122021/5/9Text32

Alookofpanic,followedbyoneofdesperateoptimismflashedacrossAlberto'sface.33

“Ah,notyet,no,...notproperly,”hesaidweakly.34

“JoshLester.Thisisthelatestrecruittomyelectioncampaign.He'sgoingtobemynewdeputycampaignmanager,inchargeofraisingdonations.

AndifwegetthatRepublicanoutoftheWhiteHousenextyear,you'vejustmetmyChiefofStaff.”132021/5/9Text35

“Absolutelydelightedtomeetyou,MrLester,arealprivilege,I'msure.Idohopewe'llseeyoubothagaininJoanne'sverysoon,”saidAlberto.36

TheSenatorlookedatAlberto.37

“No,Idon'tthinkthat'satalllikely,”repliedSenatorRogers.38

RogersandJoshsteppedouttogetherintothecoldnightair.Ithadstoppedsnowing.142021/5/9喬安妮餐廳的晚餐1

雪下得很大，雖然每個真正的紐約人都盼著過一個白色的圣誕，可還在第五大道購物的人們卻行色匆匆，他們不但要在最后一刻前挑選到心儀的圣誕禮物，還要避開嚴寒，回家和親人們共度圣誕夜。Text152021/5/92

喬希·萊斯特拐進了第四十六街。他還沒來得及享受圣誕的氣氛，因為他仍在工作著，雖說是要在喬安妮餐廳吃一頓工作餐。喬希是黑人，三十出頭，長得平易近人，穿著時髦得體，卻不華貴。他來自弗吉尼亞州北部，父母都是辛勤工作的人，或許只有回到父母家里才最讓他感到幸福。單從他的行為舉止，別人看不出他擁有一個哈佛法學院的學位，一段在華盛頓特區(qū)跟從國會議員實習的經歷，還有紐約一家律師事務所初級合伙人的身份。他才華橫溢，思維敏捷，聰明過人。Text162021/5/93這次會面意味著喬希要過了圣誕夜才能回家了。他并沒有因此而不高興，因為他要見的人是康涅狄格州的資深參議員喬·羅杰斯，此人是全美曝光率最高的名人之一。參議員羅杰斯是民主黨人，現在是她的第三個任期，對于國會山的一切她了如指掌，盡管如此，她還是盡力維持住了在她的支持者心中作為一位華盛頓局外人的信譽。她支持墮胎，反對腐敗，支持減少二氧化碳排量，反對死刑，可以說是大西洋的這一邊能找到的最完美的進步自由派人士。脫口秀主持人們稱呼她“誠實的參議員喬”，幾年前《時代周刊》提名她參加年度女性的角逐。明年就是選舉年了，有消息稱她將參加民主黨內總統提名的競選。羅杰斯在華盛頓見過喬希，她覺得喬希很有才干，于是就邀他共進晚餐。Text172021/5/94喬希打了個冷戰(zhàn)，他打開手里的紙條核對了一下地址。之前他沒來過喬安妮餐廳，但對于它的鼎鼎大名卻早有耳聞，倒不是因為這里的飯菜有多美味，其實這里的菜品屢遭惡評，也不是因為這里的爵士管弦樂隊有一位知名電影導演客串吹小號，而是因為這里匯集了有頭有臉的賓客，可以說是星光璀璨，他們中有政客、外交家、電影明星、載入名人堂的體育明星、記者、作家、搖滾明星、諾貝爾獎得主等等——總之，這里的每一位客人都是這座權力之城里的一個人物。5餐廳里面人頭攢動。喬希走進來時前臺的領班一直盯著他看。Text182021/5/96“您需要幫忙嗎？”7喬?；卮鹫f：“是的，我有一個……”8“對不起，先生……”看見有兩位客人走了進來，領班打斷了他的話?！巴砩虾茫涂紶栃〗?，晚上好，漢克斯先生?！苯又蛄藗€響指招呼服務生帶他們入座。9“好吧，先生，請問您預定座位了嗎？”領班聳了聳肩，說道，“您也看見了，我們沒有空余的座位?！?0“我今天晚上要在這兒和一位名叫羅杰斯的女士會面?！盩ext192021/5/911領班把喬希從頭到腳打量了一番，然后說“請問您怎么稱呼？”12喬希向他報了姓名，雖然領班好不容易才忍住沒撇嘴，但他還是鼓了鼓鼻翼，顯示出了他的不屑以及自然而然的優(yōu)越感。13“讓我想想?！鳖I班說道。“哦，對了，我們的確為一位羅杰斯女士預留了一張桌子，可是她馬上就到嗎？”Text202021/5/914喬希過去也有過被人懷疑的經歷，但他沒有被嚇到。15“我肯定她很快就到。能煩請你帶我去她的座位嗎？”喬希說。16“那這邊走，先生?！鳖I班把喬希領到餐廳靠里處，指了指一張桌子。17“謝謝，請給我來一杯馬丁尼，”喬希說?？赡俏活I班還沒等他說完就迫不及待地要回到紐約上層社會那令人陶醉的紛亂中去，至少在他看來，那里的每一個人都在召喚著他，希望得到他的注意。Text212021/5/918這張桌子離衛(wèi)生間很近，還緊挨著一扇半開的窗戶，好像從五大湖刮來的刺骨寒風正好沿著哈得孫峽谷吹進來，在這兒結束了它的旅程。19突然間，餐廳安靜了片刻，緊接著又響起了一陣熱烈的竊竊語聲。20“羅杰斯參議員！”領班喊道，“能在喬安妮再次見到您真是太榮幸了！”21“晚上好，阿爾貝托。我要和一位年青人吃飯，他叫萊斯特。”22領班慌得直眨眼，還咽了咽口水。Text222021/5/923“好的，參議員，您這邊走?！碑斄_杰斯參議員穿過擁擠的餐廳時，不斷有人回過頭來，他們認出了她，并默默地跟她打招呼。在一個不分階級的社會里，羅杰斯可以說是離美國的統治階級最近的人了。阿爾貝托在周圍轉了一陣子，然后走過去和一位同事說了幾句話。24“很高興又見到你，喬希，”羅杰斯說?！拔覀兿瘸渣c東西，然后我要跟你談談一份商業(yè)提案的事?！盩ext232021/5/925阿爾貝托回到餐桌旁，深深地彎下腰，那謙卑的樣子簡直有點可笑。26“參議員，這張桌子太冷了，坐著不舒服，不知道……”27羅杰斯參議員等著他把話說完，她輕聲地說道，“請接著說?！?8“不知道您愿不愿意換張好點兒的桌子，到餐廳中央去，這樣您就能看到餐廳里的每一個人了。”這樣餐廳里的每一個人都可以看見您啦，他本是想這么說的?！澳菢幽鷷X得舒服得多，而且……”Text242021/5/929阿爾貝托停了下來。羅杰斯參議員看了看四周。30“我同意，這兒不是屋子里最好的座位，但既然你把我的朋友帶到了這兒，我想我們就呆在這里好了，上我平時點的菜吧?！?1兩個小時后，羅杰斯和喬希起身準備離開，這又引起店員們的一陣騷動，個個都主動來獻殷勤，其中就包括阿爾貝托，他提出來要給他倆免單，但被羅杰斯拒絕了。他倆披上外套，羅杰斯說，“阿爾貝托，謝謝你。噢，我給你介紹我的同事喬?！とR斯特了嗎？”Text252021/5/932阿爾貝托的臉上先是一陣驚恐，然后又閃過絕望中的一絲企盼。33“啊，還沒有，不，……還沒正式介紹過?！彼吐曄職獾卣f。34“喬?！とR斯特。他是我剛剛招收的競選班子成員。他馬上就要成為我競選團隊的副經理了，將負責募集捐款。如果明年我們把那位共和黨人趕出白宮的話，你現在看到的就是我的白宮辦公廳主任?！盩ext262021/5/935“非常高興見到您，萊斯特先生，非常榮幸，真的。我衷心希望很快能在喬安妮餐廳再次見到二位?！?6參議員看了看阿爾貝托。37“不會了，我覺得沒有這種可能了?！绷_杰斯參議員回答道。38羅杰斯和喬希一起走進寒風凜冽的夜色中。雪已經停了。Text272021/5/9Words&Phrasesheavilyalbeitagreeablesmartlyupstatedemeanorinternshipprogressivecorruptionvoterdemocraticdemocratintellectrazordiplomathall-of-famesophisticatedstellartrumpetslotorchestracongressmanpartnershiprazor-sharpshivercompetentnominationheaveheavingpowerbroker282021/5/9Words&Phrasessummonshrugwhatsoeverrefraincurldisdaineffortlessicyclamorswirlimpatientintimidateintimidateddoubtfulhumilitylaughablepropositionhoveraristocracyclasslessapplauseflarenostrilencounterdinerintensebreezewaiveflurryuncomfortable292021/5/9Words&Phrasesweaklyrecruitdeputydonationrepublicanchiefofstaff302021/5/9Words&Phrasestrackdownthinkonone’sfeetknowsth.insideoutintherunningforcurlone’slip(s)312021/5/9Words&PhrasesFifthAvenue（美國紐約市的）第五街（以講究時髦、闊綽著稱）JoshLester喬?！とR斯特（人名）Virginia弗吉尼亞州（美國州名）JoRogers喬·羅杰斯（人名）Connecticut康涅狄格州（美國州名，位于美國東北部新英格蘭地區(qū)）CapitolHill1（美國）國會

2（華盛頓特區(qū)的）國會山322021/5/9Words&PhrasesMartini馬提尼酒（一種由杜松子酒、苦艾酒等混合而成的雞尾酒）GreatLakes五大湖（美國和加拿大之間的五個大湖的總稱）HudsonValley哈得孫河谷（美國東北部）Alberto阿爾貝托（人名）332021/5/9heavilyad.1)inlargeamounts大量地e.g.

1.Heisheavilyinsuredagainstdeath.他給自己投了巨額的人身保險。2.Hisbusinessisheavilyindebt.

他的公司欠了很多債。2)toalargedegree很大程度地；高度地

e.g.

1.heavilywooded,uncultivated,thinlysettledareas森林茂密、未經開墾、人煙稀少地區(qū)Words&Phrases342021/5/92.Hiswordweighedheavilywiththejury.

他的話對陪審團發(fā)生重要影響。3.Theareareliesheavilyontheminesforjobs.

這個地區(qū)的就業(yè)很大程度上是靠著這些礦。3)ifyoudoorsaysth.heavily,youdoitslowlyandwithalotofeffort,especiallybecauseyouaresadorbored（尤因傷心或無聊而）行動緩慢地e.g.“Idon’tunderstandyou,”shesaidheavily.“我不明白你，”她悶悶不樂地說道。Wordfamily:heavy

a.Words&Phrases352021/5/9albeitconj.(fml)

usedforintroducingacommentthatslightlychangesorreducestheeffectofapreviousremark,likeevenifitis/although…

盡管；即使

e.g.

1.Inflationcontinuestodecline,albeitslowly.通脹持續(xù)下降，雖然速度較慢。2.Itried,albeitunsuccessfully,tocontacthim.盡管未與他聯系上，可是我已盡力而為了。Words&Phrases362021/5/9agreeablea.1)(fml)pleasant,nice,orsatisfactory令人愉快的；愜意的e.g.Ifindheraveryagreeablewoman.我發(fā)現她是位和藹可親的女性。2)[~to]acceptableorabletobeagreedon可接受的

e.g.WoulditbeagreeabletoyoutoadoptthecustomarypracticethathasbeenusedintheSino-Francetrade?

我們采用中法貿易中長期使用的慣例，你能接受嗎？Words&PhrasesAntonym:disagreeable

372021/5/9smartlyad.inastylishmanner

衣著整潔地e.g.1.Youmustdresssmartlyforyourjobinterview.

參加工作面試要衣著整潔（得體）。2.Asmartlydressedyoungmanislookingforyouatthedoor.

門口有個衣著整潔（帥氣）的年青人在找你。Wordfamily: smarta.Words&Phrases382021/5/9henorthernpartofaparticularstateintheUS

（美國某州）北部的e.g.Helpsarrivedforsnow-buriedupstateNewYork.救援部隊已經到達了被大雪覆蓋的紐約州北部地區(qū)。alsoad.e.g.Wedrove150milesupstate.我們向北部開了150英里。Words&Phrases392021/5/9demeanor

n.[U](AmEfml)thewayyoulookandbehave

風度；舉止e.g.

1.Hisdemeanourhasalwaysbeenthatofaperfectgentleman.

他的舉止始終是屬于正人君子的模樣。2.Everybodywasconvincedbyyourbrilliantdemeanorinthemeetingtoday!

今天開會時你的風采讓大家都折服了!Words&Phrases402021/5/9internship

n.[C,U](AmE)ajobthatastudentorsomeonewhohasrecentlyobtainedadegreetakesinordertogetexperience

實習的職位；實習期e.g.

1.Herecentlyfinishedasix-monthinternshipatPuma.

他最近在彪馬公司完成了為期6個月的實習。2.AttheendofthreeyearshefinishedhisinternshipandtookapositionwithaprivateclinicinLondon.三年后他的實習期滿，便在倫敦的一家私人診所里任職。Words&Phrases412021/5/9congressman

n.[C](pl.congressmen)amanwhoisamemberoftheUScongress,especiallytheHouseofRepresentatives

（美國）國會議員，（尤指）眾議員e.g.

1.Rumorsofcorruptiondishonoredthecongressman.貪污的謠言使那位國會議員蒙羞。2.Thecongressmanresignedafterhavingbeenfoundguiltyofbribery.這位議員被證實犯有行賄受賄罪后辭職了。Words&Phrases422021/5/9partnership

n.1)

[U](business)thepositionofbeingoneoftwoormorepeoplewhoownacompanyaspartners

合伙（關系）；合股；合伙人身份e.g.

1.Sheworkedinpartnershipwithhersister.她和妹妹合伙經營。2.Joepromisedtotakemeintopartnershipinhisfirm.

喬答應讓我成為他公司的合伙人。Words&Phrases432021/5/92)[C,U]arelationshipbetweentwopeople,organizations,orcountries

（兩個人、組織或國家之間的）合作關系，伙伴關系e.g.

1.Thetwonationsarebuildingaconstructivepartnership.這兩個國家正在建立一種建設性伙伴關系。2.ThecompanyhasgoneintopartnershipwithSwissBankCorporation.這家公司已經和瑞士銀行公司建立合作關系。Words&Phrases

442021/5/9razor-sharpa.1)

veryclever

非常聰明的e.g.Heiswell-knownforhisrazor-sharpmind.他以頭腦敏銳而出名。2)verysharp非常鋒利的e.g.1.

razor-sharpteeth鋒利的牙齒2.Hisobservationsarerazor-sharpwhilehiswitmakeshistopicspalatabletohisreaders.他的觀察力如刀刃般犀利，而他的詼諧使其話題為讀者所喜愛。Seealso:

razor.Words&Phrases452021/5/9razorn.[C]

asmalltoolorpieceofelectricalequipmentusedforshaving(=removinghairfromyourskin)剃須刀；刮胡刀e.g.Anewrazorgivesacloseshave.新刀片刮得很干凈。Seealso:

razor-sharp.Words&Phrases462021/5/9intellectn.1)

[C,U]

theabilitytothinkinanintelligentwayandtounderstanddifficultorcomplicatedideasandsubjects

智力；思維能力；理解力e.g.Opinionisultimatelydeterminedbythefeelings,andnotbytheintellect.(HerbertSpencer)觀點是完全由情感而不是由理智決定的。（赫伯特·斯賓塞）2)[C]someonewhoisextremelyintelligent

才智非凡的人；才華出眾的人e.g.Hewasoneofthemostformidableintellectsofhistimes.他是那個時代的蓋世奇才。Words&Phrases472021/5/9Wordfamily:ellectually

ad. anti-intellectuala.

intellectualpropertyn. anti-intellectualismn.Fillintheblankswithproperwords.1.Thereareveryfewcountriesintheworldwhere_________________runsashighinpopularcultureasitdoesintheUS.2.Anysongthatyouwriteisyour__________________.3.Asthedaughterofcollegeprofessors,she'susedtobeingaround__________people.4.About40percentofthestudentswerefoundtobe____________curiousaboutpolitics,artsandscience.Words&Phrasesanti-intellectualismintellectualpropertyintellectualintellectually482021/5/9democratn.[C]1)

(Democrat)

amemberoftheDemocraticPartyintheUS

（美國的）民主黨人e.g.TheDemocratupsetthegovernorintheelection.

這位民主黨人在選舉中擊敗了州長。2)someonewhosupportsdemocracyasapoliticalsystem

民主主義者；民主人士e.g.Heisjustwhatheclaimsheis,anaturaldemocrat.

正如他自己所稱，他是個天生的民主主義者。Seealso:

democratic.Words&Phrases492021/5/9democratica.

1)

(Democratic)

usedinthenamesofsomepoliticalparties（美國）民主黨的e.g.TheDemocraticPartydidnothaveeasyvictoriesintherecentelections.民主黨在最近幾次選舉中的勝利來之不易。2)basedontheprinciplethatallpeopleareequalandshouldbeabletoshareinmakingdecisions

民主的；民主管理的e.g.Hehasademocraticwork-style.他作風民主。Seealso:

democrat.Words&Phrases502021/5/9voter

n.[C]

someonewhovotesinanelection投票人；選舉人；選民e.g.Thevotersshowtheiroppositiontothegovernmentbyvotingagainsttheproposal.投票人用投票反對該建議的方法表示他們對政府的反對。Wordfamily:

votev.e.g.1.Ifwecannotagree,let'svoteonit.

咱們意見要是不一致就表決吧。2.Heisvotedthesmartestinthefamily.

他被公認為是全家最聰明的一個。Words&Phrases512021/5/9corruption

n.[U]

dishonestorillegalbehaviourbyofficialsorpeopleinpositionsofpower,especiallywhentheyacceptmoneyinexchangefordoingthingsforsomeone腐敗行為；（尤指）受賄e.g.1.

Theyareplanninganewcampaignagainstcorruption.

他們正在策劃一個新的反貪污運動。2.

Accusationsofcorruptionhavebeenmadeagainsthim.

對他貪污的控告已經提出。Words&Phrases522021/5/9Wordfamily:

corruptv.&a.e.g.1.

Thebusinessmanwassenttoprisonfortryingtocorruptataxofficialwithmoney.這名商人因企圖向稅務官員行賄而被判入獄。2.Thisyoungmanwasinfluencedbybadpeopleandbecamecorruptwithoutbeingawareofit.這個青年受壞人引誘，開始墮落而不自覺。Words&Phrases532021/5/9progressive

a.1)supportingsocialandpoliticalchangethataimstomakeasystemfairer進步的；先進的；改革的e.g.Sheisthemostprogressivewriteroftheera.她是那個時代最進步的作家。2)developinggradually向前進的；發(fā)展中的e.g.1.

Successistheprogressiverealizationofworthygoal.

成功是一個逐漸實現有價值的目標的過程。2.Itwasaprogressivediseaseandhewouldsuffermoreandmore.病情逐漸加劇，他將忍受越來越大的痛苦。Words&Phrases542021/5/9nomination

n.[C,U]anofficialsuggestionthatsomeoneshouldgetajoboraprize,orthedecisiontogivethemajoboraprize提名；推薦e.g.1.WhowillgettheRepublicannominationforpresident?誰會被共和黨提名競選總統呢？2.

ThesongbroughtheranAcademyAwardnomination.這首歌使她獲得了奧斯卡獎的提名。Wordfamily:

nominate

v.e.g.Theboardnominatedhimasthenewdirector.董事會指定他為新董事。Words&Phrases552021/5/9competent

a.capableofdoingsth.inasatisfactoryoreffectiveway

能勝任的；能干的e.g.1.Somecompaniesnowofferetiquetteseminarsforemployeeswhomaybecompetentprofessionallybutcluelesssocially.(CET4-2003-12)一些公司現在面向那些勝任業(yè)務但不懂社交禮儀的員工們開設禮儀培訓班。2.

Ofalltheapplicants,themostcompetentpersonwillfillthevacantposition.這個空缺將由應征者中最能干者填補。Wordfamily:

competence

n.Antonym:

incompetent

Words&Phrases562021/5/9shiver

vi.&n.1)vi.

ifyoushiver,yourbodyshakesslightly,forexamplebecauseyouarecoldorfrightened

（因寒冷或害怕而）顫抖，哆嗦e.g.Asuddengustofcoldwindmademeshiverallover.一陣突如其來的冷風吹得我渾身直哆嗦。2)n.ashakingmovementthatyourbodymakeswhenyouarecold,frightened,orexcited顫抖；打顫e.g.Thegruesomesightsentashiverdownmyspine.那可怕的情景使我的背脊發(fā)涼。Synonym:

shake

Words&Phrases572021/5/9orchestra

n.[C]alargegroupofmusiciansusingmanydifferentinstrumentstoplaymostlyclassicalmusic

管弦樂隊e.g.HeconductstheLondonSymphonyOrchestra.他指揮倫敦交響樂團。Wordfamily:

orchestral

a.Words&Phrases582021/5/9slot

n.[C]1)ashortperiodoftimeallowedforoneparticulareventonaprogramortimetable（節(jié)目單或時間表上為某節(jié)目或排定的）一段短暫的時間；（廣播節(jié)目等的）一檔e.g.1.Igottoknowthenewsfromalate-nighttelevisionslot.我從一檔深夜電視節(jié)目中得知這個消息。2.Viewers’letterswerereadoutinthisfive-minuteslot.

觀眾來信在這檔5分鐘節(jié)目中宣讀。2)o

狹窄的通道；狹窄的空間；狹縫；投幣口e.g.Heslidacoinintotheslotofthejukebox.他把一枚硬幣投進自動點唱機投幣口。Words&Phrases592021/5/9trumpet

n.[C]amusicalinstrumentthatisacurvedmetaltubewithawideend.Youplayitbyblowingintoitasyoupressbuttonsonthetop.喇叭；小號e.g.Heblewhistrumpetontheway.他在路上吹著喇叭。Words&Phrases602021/5/9stellar

a.1)(AmE)astellarperformance,achievement,pieceofworketc.isextremelygood

杰出的；優(yōu)秀的e.g.Suchstellarachievementscouldnotbepossiblewithoutagoodworkforce.這些杰出成就的取得全靠優(yōu)秀的員工。2)

relatingtostars星的；星球的e.g.Intermsofstellardistancesajourneyfromtheearthtothemoonwouldappearveryshort.從星際的角度來看，從地球到月球的路程是很短的。Words&Phrases612021/5/9sophisticateda.1)

knowingandunderstandingalotaboutacomplicatedsubject

老練的；精通的；講究的e.g.1.Wearingasuitandtiecanmakeyoulookverysophisticated.

穿西裝打領帶讓你看起來非常老練。2.Discussionandreflectionarenecessaryforasophisticatedresponsetoatext.討論與深思對深刻理解文本來說是必要的。Words&Phrases622021/5/92)complicatedandadvancedindesign

復雜的；精密的e.g.

1.Theyarebeginningtousethesesophisticatedimagestoplansurgicalproceduresindetail.他們開始用這些精密的圖像來詳細設計手術程序。2.Inmodernwarfare,mobilityandsophisticatedweaponsaremoreimportantthanweightofnumbers.在現代戰(zhàn)爭中，機動性和先進武器比人多勢眾更為重要。Wordfamily:sophisticate

n.

[C]

老于世故的人sophisticationn.

Words&Phrases

632021/5/9hall-of-famen.[C]1)

[singular](AmE)thegroupofpeoplewhoaremostfamousfordoingaparticularactivity

（某項運動、某行業(yè)等中的）杰出人物，名人，佼佼者e.g.VivienneWestwoodhasscaledtheheightsoffashion'shalloffame.薇薇恩·韋斯特伍德已經成為時尚界的杰出人物。Words&Phrases642021/5/92)

(HallofFame)

aplacewherepeoplegotolearnaboutaparticularsportoractivityandthefamouspeoplewhodoit（紐約市的）美國名人紀念堂e.g.AllthreewillonedaybeinductedintotheHall-of-Fame,mostlikelyonthefirstballot.有朝一日，他們三人都將進入“名人堂”，而且極可能是其中的領先者。Words&Phrases652021/5/9diplomatn.[C]1)

anofficialwhosejobistorepresenttheirgovernmentinaforeigncountry

外交官；外交家e.g.Hisjobasadiplomatwasablindforhisspying.他擔任外交官的職務是為了給他的間諜身份打掩護。2)

someonewhoisgoodatdealingwithpeopleinasensitivewaythatdoesnotupsetoroffendthem

有手腕的人，善交際的人e.g.Mybrotherwasbornadiplomat,withhisgiftindealingwithvariouskindsofpeople.我兄弟善于應付形形色色人，可謂生來就是善交際的人。Wordfamily:diplomatic

a.

diplomacyn.

[U]Words&Phrases662021/5/9powerbrokern.[C]apersonorcountrythathasalotofinfluenceandusesittocontrolotherpeopleorcountries（有影響力、能操縱他人或他國的）權力經紀人Words&PhrasesPowerbrokerscandemandmorebenefitsincloselycontestedareasandpolicies.Theycanplaybothsidesandinfluencevotersforthehighestbidder(出價人).Thesebrokerswieldgreatinfluenceovervoterswhomaybededicatedtooneissuethatdrawsthemintotheelectoralprocessbutundecidedonothers.Hence,thebrokersmaintaintheirinfluencebydenyingloyaltytoapoliticalpartyorotherpoliticallabel.672021/5/9heaving

a.1)

(BrEinfml)verybusyandfullofpeople

熱鬧的；熙熙攘攘的e.g.Manypeoplecomeonboardwithbagsheavingwithduty-freeandotherbitsofshopping.許多乘客提著裝滿免稅品和其它購物商品的包登機。2)movingupanddownwithlargeregularmovements

起伏的e.g.Thesunisrisingfromtheheavingsea.太陽正從波濤起伏的海面上升起。Seealso:

heave.Words&Phrases682021/5/9heave

v.1)vi.moveupanddownwithlargeregularmovements

（有節(jié)奏地大幅）起伏e.g.Thebillowsheaveonthesea.海上波濤翻騰。2)v.moveupanddownwithlargeregularmovements

（用力）推，拉，提，舉e.g.Theyneedsomemachinerytoheavethesunkenboatupfromthebottomofthelake.他們需要一些機械來把沉船從湖底打撈上來。Seealso:

heaving.Words&Phrases692021/5/9summon

vt.1)

(fml)officiallyordersomeonetocometoaplace,especiallyacourtoflaw

召見，傳喚；叫（或命令）……過來e.g.1.

Theshareholdersweresummonedtoageneralmeeting.那些股東被召集去參加股東大會。2.Hesummonedhissoldierstofight.他號召部下戰(zhàn)斗。Words&Phrases702021/5/92)

managetoproduceaqualityorareactionthathelpsyoutodealwithadifficultsituation

鼓起（勇氣）；振作（精神）e.g.1.

Youmustsummonallyourcouragetomeetthedanger.你必須鼓起全部勇氣以面對危險。2.Nooneisabletosummonhimupafterhiswifedied.他的妻子死后，沒有人可以使他振作起來。Words&Phrases712021/5/9shrug

1)

v.moveyourshouldersupandletthemdroptoshowthatyoudonotknowsth.ordonotcare

聳（肩）（表示不知情或不感興趣）e.g.1.WhenIamaskedabouthowtolearnEnglishwell,Ioftenshrugmyshoulders.每當有人問我怎樣學好英語時，我總是聳聳肩。2.Thisactresstriedtoshrugoffthesereporters.這位女演員試圖對這些記者們不予理睬。2)

n.anactorinstanceofshruggingone‘sshoulders聳肩e.g.Shebrushedoffeverysuggestionwithashrugandraisedeyebrows.

她對每一個建議都不接受，只是雙肩一聳眉毛一揚了事。Words&Phrases722021/5/9whatsoever

1)ad.usedforemphasizinganegativestatement

任何，絲毫（用于加強否定陳述句的語氣）e.g.1.Ihavenoearwhatsoeverformusic.我對音樂完全欣賞不來。2.There'snoreasonwhatsoevertoturndownthissuggestion.

沒有任何理由拒絕這個建議。2)

pron.whatever無論什么e.g.

Whatsoevernonsensethenewspaperprints,somepeoplealwaysbelieveit.

無論報紙上刊登什么荒謬的東西，總有人相信。Words&Phrases732021/5/9refrain

v.(fml)stopyourselffromdoingsth.忍??；節(jié)制e.g.1.Pleaserefrainfromspittingonthesidewalk.請不要在人行道上吐痰。2.Let'shopetheywillrefrainfromhostileactions.希望他們不采取敵對行動。3.Pleaserefrainfromsmokingduringthe