2021年高二英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法及練習(xí)

高二英語(yǔ)教材知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)及重難點(diǎn)解析Unit1-2【短語(yǔ)歸類(lèi)】【考點(diǎn)1】含difference短語(yǔ)①makea/no/some，etc.difference(tosb/sth)(對(duì)某人／某事物有／沒(méi)有／有些關(guān)系(影響)②makeadifferencebetween區(qū)別對(duì)待③makesomedifferenceto對(duì)……有些(沒(méi)有)關(guān)系④haveadifferenceincharacter在性格上有差別[例句]Itmakesnodifferencet0mewhichsidemayloseorwin.誰(shuí)輸準(zhǔn)贏對(duì)我沒(méi)有什么關(guān)系。Shemakesadifferencebetweenherfamilyandherwork.她對(duì)工作和家庭是有區(qū)別。【考例1】I'mafraidtotellyouthatthemedicinewill____nodifferencetoyourillness。sostoptakingit.A.takeB.makeC.getD.do[考查目的]此題重要考查difference動(dòng)詞搭配問(wèn)題。[答案與解析]Bmakeadifference是固定搭配。此時(shí)不可用其她動(dòng)詞。13.draw(one's)attentiontosth.對(duì)……表達(dá)注意……Themanagerdrewmyattentiontoanerrorinmyreport.經(jīng)理要我注意報(bào)告中一種錯(cuò)誤。[拓展]payattentionto注意callone'sattentiontosth.叫某人注意某事turnattentiontosth．轉(zhuǎn)移注意力到……【考點(diǎn)2】與fire關(guān)于短語(yǔ)①beonfire在燃燒②setfiretosth=setsthonfire縱火，放火燒③catchfire著火④makeafire生火⑤lightafire點(diǎn)火⑥putoutafire滅火⑦playwithfire玩火；冒險(xiǎn)⑧beonfirefor因……而激動(dòng)；布滿(mǎn)激情⑨befulloffire布滿(mǎn)激情⑩underfire受到襲擊[例句]Thestudentsareonfireforwhatthey'relearninginthecomputerclass.學(xué)生對(duì)電腦課學(xué)習(xí)內(nèi)容布滿(mǎn)激情。Theboyisfulloffire.這孩子布滿(mǎn)熱情。Thegrasscaughtfire．a(chǎn)ndthegrasswasonfireforashorttime.草燃著了，草燒了一會(huì)兒。Hewhoplayswithfiregetsburned.玩火者必自焚(諺語(yǔ))?！嫖觯篵eonfire表達(dá)狀態(tài)。而catchfire則表達(dá)動(dòng)作-其完畢時(shí)不可和段時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。【考例2】(全國(guó)卷II)Theforestguardsoftenfindcampfiresthathavenotbeen____completely.A.turneddownB.putoutC.putawayD.turnedover[考查目的]此題重要考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨義。[答案與解析]Bturndown是“調(diào)低?；亟^”意思；putout是“熄滅，生產(chǎn)，伸出”意思；putaway是“收拾”意思；turnover是“翻過(guò)來(lái)”意思。14.lookupto尊敬；欽佩Hehasalwayslookeduptohisfather.Inhiseyesheisperfect.她始終尊敬她爸爸。在她眼中，她是完美。[拓展]lookdownon/uponsb.輕視、瞧不起某人【考點(diǎn)5】后有to動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)①leadto通向；導(dǎo)致②lookupto尊敬③stickto堅(jiān)持④getusedto習(xí)慣于⑤lookforwardto渴望；盼望⑥getdownto認(rèn)真做某事⑦seeto注意；著手辦理⑧payattentionto注意⑨devote...to致力于；投身于⑩belongto屬于⑨attendto照顧；照顧⑩objectto反對(duì)⑩beopposedto反對(duì)⑩referto提到；參閱⑩contributeto對(duì)……有貢獻(xiàn)⑩cometo談到；涉及⑥adjustto適合于[例句]Thebridgeleadstotheisland.這座橋通向那個(gè)島。Somanyspellingmistakesinthearticleledtogreatdifficultyinreading.該篇文章拼寫(xiě)錯(cuò)誤太多，令人看起來(lái)非常費(fèi)勁。He'ssuchadevotedteacherthatwealllookuptohim.她是一種有奉獻(xiàn)精神教師，咱們都尊敬她。Hehasneverfeltlookedupto.她從沒(méi)有覺(jué)得有人尊敬她。Thedaytheyhadbeenlookingforwardtocameatlast.她們渴望那一天終于到來(lái)。Thefinalexaminationiscomingupsoon.It'stimeforustogetdowntoourstudies.期末考試就要來(lái)了。是咱們認(rèn)真學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)候了。Thismachineisoutoforder；getamechanictoseetoit.這臺(tái)機(jī)器壞了；找個(gè)技工來(lái)檢修一下?！檎x提示：以上短語(yǔ)中to是介詞．后接名詞或動(dòng)名詞?！究祭?】(湖北)Onceadecisionhasbeenmade，allofusshould____it.A.directtoB.sticktoC.leadtoD.referto[考查目的]此題重要考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。[答案與解析]Bdirect自身是及物動(dòng)詞。后不需to。referto意思是“涉及，參閱．指是”?！究键c(diǎn)3】與turn關(guān)于短語(yǔ)①turnout生產(chǎn)；成果是②turndown關(guān)小(燈光、音量等)；回絕③turnto轉(zhuǎn)向；求助于④turnup開(kāi)大(燈光、音量等)；浮現(xiàn)，露面⑤turnon/off打開(kāi)／關(guān)上⑥turnaside閃開(kāi)；放在一邊⑦turnover(使)翻轉(zhuǎn)；把某人交給(警方等)⑧turnin上繳；移送⑨t(yī)urnagainst背叛⑩turnaway(from)轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)臉不看⑩turnround轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)去[例句]Sheturnedoutsixfull-lengthnovelsinherlife.她畢生寫(xiě)了6部長(zhǎng)篇故事。Thebeggarturnedout(tobe)athief.那個(gè)乞丐本來(lái)是個(gè)賊。Thatradioisprettyloud.Canyouturnitdownalittle?收音機(jī)聲音太大，你能開(kāi)小一點(diǎn)嗎?ManyboysexpressedtheirlovetoMary，butsheturnedthemalldown.許多男孩向瑪麗表達(dá)愛(ài)慕之意，但都被她回絕了。Afterhelefttheuniversityhebecameateacher，butlaterheturnedtotranslation.她大學(xué)畢業(yè)后當(dāng)了教師，但日后轉(zhuǎn)而從事翻譯工作。Weoftenturntothishandbookforinformation.咱們經(jīng)常查閱這本手冊(cè)尋找資料。Hepromisedtocome，buthasn'tturnedupyet.她答應(yīng)來(lái)，但尚未到。Whenhefelttired，heturnedaside(from)hisbookstolistentotheradio.感到疲勞時(shí)，她就把書(shū)放在一邊去聽(tīng)收音機(jī)?！檎x提示：要精確記住不同搭配，特別是一種短語(yǔ)有各種意思?！究祭?】(浙江)Wewantedtogethomebeforedark，butitdidn'tquite____asplanned.A.makeoutB.turnoutC.goonD.comeup[考查目的]此題重要考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨義。[答案與解析]Bmakeout有“弄清晰。明白”惠思；turnout意思是“成果是．證明是”；goon意思是“繼續(xù)”!comeup意思是“過(guò)來(lái)，走來(lái)”。題意是：咱們本來(lái)想在天黑前到家，但成果并不像預(yù)測(cè)那樣。【考點(diǎn)4】what短語(yǔ)①whatif如果……將會(huì)如何?②whatfor為了什么，干什么用③whatabout...……怎么樣?[例句]Whatifshefindsoutyou'velostherbook?如果她發(fā)現(xiàn)你弄丟了她書(shū)將會(huì)是如何呢?Whatdidyoudothatfor?你干嗎做那件事?Whatabouthavingarest?休息一會(huì)兒怎么樣?【考例4】(全國(guó)卷I)--Susan，willyoupleasegoandemptythatdrawer?--____?A.WhatforB.WhatisitC.HowisitD.Howcome[考查目的]此題重要考查交際用語(yǔ)。[答案與解析]A依照語(yǔ)境。答語(yǔ)中問(wèn)是目。該句其實(shí)是個(gè)省略句，補(bǔ)全后完整句子是：Igoandemptythatdrawerforwhat。what提前構(gòu)成疑問(wèn)句就成了whatfor或forwhat?！钤~語(yǔ)比較☆1.observe，watch當(dāng)“觀測(cè)”來(lái)講時(shí)，observe相稱(chēng)于watchcarefully，特別用于實(shí)驗(yàn)或研究等場(chǎng)合。詳細(xì)來(lái)說(shuō)，observe具有“察覺(jué)到”意思，watch意為“盯著看”。watch還具有“觀看(比賽、電視)”等，而observe沒(méi)有此意。此外，watch尚有“照顧”之意，相稱(chēng)于takecareof。尚有“當(dāng)心”之意，相稱(chēng)于becarefulwith。Shehasobservedthestarsallherlife.她畢生都在觀測(cè)星星。I'llwatchthebabywhileyouareaway.你不在時(shí)，由我照顧你女兒。You'dbetterwatchMrSmith，Ithinkheisathief.你最佳當(dāng)心史密斯先生，我想她是個(gè)賊。2.beknownfor，beknownas，beknowntobeknownfor以……出了名(普通不是指同位關(guān)系)beknownas作為……出了名(普通加上職業(yè)名詞，表同位關(guān)系)beknownto為……所知Japanisknownforitscars.日本以它汽車(chē)而聞名。Luxunisknownasawriter.魯迅作為作家很出名。Asisknowntoall，Chinahasfourfamousinvitations.眾所周知，中華人民共和國(guó)有四大知名創(chuàng)造。3.elect，select，chooseelect只能用于選舉人，是投票選舉正式用語(yǔ)。TheyelectedNixonPresident.她們選尼克松為總統(tǒng)。choose可用于挑選人或物。It'shardformetochooseonefroms0manypairsofshoes.要從這樣多雙鞋子當(dāng)中挑選一雙對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)真是太難了。select意為精心挑選，多用于物。Sheselectedapairofsockstomatchhersuit.她精心挑選了一雙襪子來(lái)與衣服搭配。4.burndown，burnup，burnoutbumdown指“燒為平地，燒毀”；也指“火力削弱”。Thehousewasburntdowninanhour.房子一小時(shí)被燒為平地。bumup有“燒旺”之意，也可指“消耗掉”。You'dbetterputmorewoodonthefiretomakeitburnup.你最佳往火上添著柴，讓它燒旺。bumout指“火熄滅”。ThefirehadburntoutbeforeIreturned.在我回來(lái)前，火已經(jīng)熄滅了?！罹漕}例☆()1.Thenewsreportershurriedtotheairport，only____thefilmstarshadleft.(福建)A.totellB.betoldC.tellingD.told【解析】選B該題考查不定式做成果狀語(yǔ)用法。不定式前有only，just等詞，后跟不定式普通表成果。又由于記者們應(yīng)當(dāng)是被告知，因此用不定式被動(dòng)式。()2.Havingbeeninbedfornearlyamonth，theyhadahardtime____theexam.(福建)A.passB.topassC.passedD.passing【解析】選D該題考查句型haveahardtime(in)doing。()3.Hehasn'tsleptatallforthreedays.____heistiredout.(湖北)A.ThereisnopointB.ThereisnoneedC.ItisnowonderD.Itisnoway【解析】選C依題意“她三天沒(méi)睡，難怪她累極了。”Thereisnopointindoingsth.是本單元句型，意為：做某事沒(méi)有作用或意義；而Thereisnoneedindoingsth.沒(méi)有必要做某事；Itisnowonder沒(méi)什么大驚小怪；Itisnoway沒(méi)也許。()4.Thediscdigitally____inthestudiosoundedfantasticatthepartythatnight.(上海)A.recordedB.recordingC.toberecordedD.havingrecorded【解析】選A通過(guò)度析句子，該題句子謂語(yǔ)顯然是sounded，因而recorded只能是非謂語(yǔ)，因此選A，考查過(guò)去分詞在句中做定語(yǔ)用法，recorded相稱(chēng)于whichwasrecorded。()5.____Iknowthemoneyissafe，Ishallnotworryaboutit.(北京)A.EventhoughB.UnlessC.AslongasD.While【解析】選C句意為“只要我懂得錢(qián)是安全，我就不會(huì)緊張?！眅venthough“雖然”；unless“除非”；while“當(dāng)……時(shí)候”，它們都同句意不吻合。()6.Wewereswimminginthelake____suddenlythestomastarted.(北京春季)A.whenB.whileC.untilD.before【解析】選A該題考查連詞用法。該句意思是：當(dāng)咱們正在湖里游泳時(shí)候，突然暴風(fēng)雨開(kāi)始了。when表達(dá)“這時(shí)(突然)”意思，這種用法when普通放句末。()7.Oilpriceshaverisenby32percentsincethestartoftheyear，____arecordUS$57.65abarrelonApril4.(山東)A.havereachedB.reachingC.toreachD.tobereaching【解析】選B分詞在句中做成果狀語(yǔ)，可參見(jiàn)本單元句型6。()8.____thepotforme，anddon'tletthemilkcomeout.I'llbebacksoon.A.ObserveB.NoticeC.WatchD.Lookout【解析】選Cwatch表達(dá)集中精力“照顧，監(jiān)視”，本句意為“幫我看著壺，別讓牛奶溢出來(lái)?！保籵bserve意為“觀測(cè)”，表達(dá)動(dòng)作；Notice指“注意到”表達(dá)到果；lookout背面不能接賓語(yǔ)。高二英語(yǔ)教材知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)及重難點(diǎn)解析Unit3-4【短語(yǔ)歸類(lèi)】【考點(diǎn)3】含as動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)①experience...as=consider...as=lookupon/on…as=treat...as把……以為是②actas擔(dān)任；起……作用③serveas當(dāng)，充當(dāng)④workas當(dāng)，充當(dāng)⑤use...as把……用作……[例句]Thetheoryisexperiencedasveryadvanced.這個(gè)理論被以為是非常高深．Heactedaschairmaninmyabsence.我不在時(shí)她擔(dān)任主席。Heservesasawaiterinarestaurant.她在一家餐館里當(dāng)服務(wù)員?！究祭?】Classroomtesting，ifwelldown，mostcertainly____asastimulus(刺激)tostudyandreallearning.A.usesB.looksC.actsD.does[考查目的]此題重要考查短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞辨義問(wèn)題。[答案與解析]C弄清題意。精確地判斷空白處意義。題意是：課堂測(cè)試，如果做得好話(huà)，一定會(huì)對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)和真正學(xué)習(xí)有刺激作用。也就是說(shuō)，課堂測(cè)試可以充當(dāng)刺激。A項(xiàng)應(yīng)當(dāng)使用被動(dòng)態(tài)，B、D兩項(xiàng)則不能和as構(gòu)成搭配。2.callup打電話(huà)，喚醒，使人想起Thesoundofseagullscalleduphishappymemoriesofhischildhood.海鷗叫聲喚起她對(duì)童年幸福記憶。Pleasecallmeupatfive.請(qǐng)五點(diǎn)叫醒我(或：五點(diǎn)打電話(huà)給我)已學(xué)與call常用搭配尚有：calloff(取消，掛斷電話(huà))callat/on(拜訪某地／某人)callfor(規(guī)定，來(lái)找某人)callin(召集，召來(lái))【考點(diǎn)4】含comeinto動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)①comeintobeing形成；產(chǎn)生②comeintoeffect/force開(kāi)始實(shí)行；生效③comeintouse/service開(kāi)始使用④comeintopower開(kāi)始執(zhí)政；上臺(tái)⑤comeintoview/sight進(jìn)入視線⑥comeintofashion開(kāi)始流行[例句]Romanticismdidn'tcomeintobeinguntilinthelate18centuryinEurope.浪漫主義運(yùn)動(dòng)直到18世紀(jì)未期才產(chǎn)生于歐洲。Thenewseat-beltregulationscameintoeffectlastweek.使用安全帶新規(guī)定于上周生效?！究祭?】Thechurchgatecameinto____asweroundedthenextcorner.A.beingB.serviceC.effectD.view[考查目的]此題重要考查動(dòng)詞搭配問(wèn)題。[答案與解析]D題意：咱們又拐了一種彎時(shí)，教堂大門(mén)映入了咱們眼簾。4.goagainst違背，違背(意愿、原則等)；對(duì)……不利(無(wú)被動(dòng)形式)I'mnottogoagainstmyownfamily.我不會(huì)背離我自己家人。Hewasafraidthatthehattiewouldgoagainstthem.她膽怯那場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)斗會(huì)對(duì)她們不利。6.keepout(of)擋住，不讓進(jìn)Heclosedthewindowt0keepthewindout(ofthehouse).她關(guān)上窗戶(hù)不讓風(fēng)進(jìn)來(lái)(進(jìn)房子)。Thesignsays"Keepout!"牌子上寫(xiě)著：“請(qǐng)勿入內(nèi)!”類(lèi)似用法：keepoff別碰，避開(kāi)You'dbetterkeepoffthesweetfood.你最佳少吃甜食。Keepoffthegrass!請(qǐng)勿踐踏草地!【考點(diǎn)1】含look短語(yǔ)①lookat看待；考慮；檢查②lookaround/about環(huán)顧③lookup查閱；仰望④lookinto調(diào)查⑤lookon旁觀⑥lookbackon回顧，回憶⑦lookdownupon/on看不起；鄙視⑧l(xiāng)ookover翻閱；復(fù)習(xí)；檢查⑨lookto照顧；注意⑩lookupto尊敬⑩1ookforwardto盼望；預(yù)測(cè)會(huì)有⑥lookoutfor提防；當(dāng)心⑩lookon/upon...as...把……看作……⑩looklike看上去像⑥lookfor尋找⑩looksb.upanddown上下打量某人⑥lookafter照看；照顧⑩lookahead向前看⑩lookout小心：看外面④lookthrough瀏覽；檢查[例句]That'sthewayIlookatit．那就是我看待這事方式。Whenallthefactshavebeenlookedup，passthemontome.所有事實(shí)查出后，轉(zhuǎn)交給我。Thepolicearelookingintotherecordsofallthoseinvolvedinthecrime.警方正在調(diào)查所有涉嫌這起犯罪記錄。Lookingbackonit，onerealizesthatitwasfarfrombeingasatisfactoryconference.回顧過(guò)去，人們會(huì)意識(shí)到那不是一次成功會(huì)議?！究祭?】Inordertogetabettersolution.Ithinkwe'dbetter____thequestionfromallsides.A.lookoutB.lookupC.lookforD.lookat[考查目的]此題重要考查短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞搭配問(wèn)題。[答案與解析]D不同介詞或副詞搭配，有不批準(zhǔn)義。lookout查處，找出；當(dāng)心，注意。lookfor尋找。7.sendfor派人請(qǐng)，叫人拿Wesentforthedocumentthismorning.咱們今天上午派人去取這份文獻(xiàn)。--WillsomebodygoandgetDr.White?有人去請(qǐng)懷特醫(yī)生了嗎?--He'salreadybeensentfor.已經(jīng)派人去了。與send常用搭配有：sendoff(發(fā)出)sendup(發(fā)射)sendout(發(fā)出)等。8.setaside把……放在一邊；留出Hesetasidehisbookandlitacigarette.她把書(shū)放在一邊，點(diǎn)燃一支香煙。Eachmonthshetriedtosetasidepartofhersalary.每月她都設(shè)法留出工資一某些。aside其她常用用法尚有：standaside(靠邊站)moveaside(移到旁邊)putsth.asideforsb.(把某物留給某人)【考點(diǎn)2】含up動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)①callup召喚；調(diào)動(dòng)；使人想起；打電話(huà)給②lightup照亮；變得高興起來(lái)③fillup填寫(xiě)；盛滿(mǎn)④takeup占用；拿起；從事⑤pickup拾起；接送；聽(tīng)到；學(xué)會(huì)[例句]Yourlettercallsupthedayswhenweworkedtogetherinthecountryside20yearsago.你信使人想起前咱們?cè)谝黄鸸ぷ魅兆?。Sue'sfacelightedupwhensheheardthegoodnews.聽(tīng)到這個(gè)好消息時(shí)，蘇流露出高興面容。Theroomsoonfilledupwithpeople.房間里不久就擠滿(mǎn)了人。She'stakenupflower-decorationateveningclasses.她在夜校學(xué)習(xí)插花?！究祭?】Ithasbeenrainingharderandharderforquiteafewdays.Thevillageseemedtobeindangerofbeingflooded．MrSmithdecidedto____alltheyoungmeninthevillagetostrengthentheriverbank.A.callinB.callupC.callatD.callfor[考查目的]此題重要考查動(dòng)詞辨義問(wèn)題。[答案與解析]Bcallin召進(jìn)，請(qǐng)進(jìn)。callat(aplace)訪問(wèn)(某地)。call/or需要，去接?！究键c(diǎn)5】副詞短語(yǔ)①farfrom完全不．遠(yuǎn)不②nextto兒乎；僅次于③inahurry匆忙；不久地[例句]Theproblemisfarfrom(being)easy.這個(gè)問(wèn)題完全不容易。Paperingtheceilingprovednexttoimpossiblewithoutaladder.用紙糊天花板沒(méi)有梯子兒乎是不也許。Shedressedherselfinahurry.她匆匆地穿上衣服?！檎x提示：farfrom后可接名詞、形容詞，或being+形容詞／名詞。nextto后常接某些否定詞。【考例5】I'mterriblysorrytotellyouthatyourworkisfarfrom____.A.satisfyingB.asatisfactionC.beingsatisfactoryD.tosatisfy[考查目的]此題重要考查farfrom用法。[答案與解析]Csatisfaction是不可教名詞，前不可使用a。from后不可接不定式。satisfying雖然意思與satisfactory相似，但常使用satisfactory，其中being經(jīng)常省略?！罹漕}例☆()1.Modernplasticscan____veryhighandverylowtemperatures．(山東)A.standB.holdC.carryD.support【解析】選A句意為“承受高溫或低溫”，故選stand。()2.When____，themuseumwillbeopentothepublicnextyear.A.completedB.completingC.beingcompletedD.tobecompleted【解析】選A該題從句使用了省略形式，省略了與主句主語(yǔ)一致主語(yǔ)themuseum和系動(dòng)詞is。在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，若從句主語(yǔ)與主句主語(yǔ)一致，同步從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞又具有系動(dòng)詞be，?？墒÷詮木渲髡Z(yǔ)與系動(dòng)詞be．．()3.Thisisanillnessthatcanresultintotalblindnessif____.A.leavinguntreatedB.leftuntreatedC.leavingtountreatD.leftuntreating【解析】選Bif后邏輯關(guān)系是：這種病被忽視未被治療，表達(dá)被動(dòng)關(guān)系，通過(guò)兩個(gè)分詞left和untreated表達(dá)。完整句子為：ifitisleftuntreated，分詞作非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可帶連詞。()4.Themanagerdecidedtogivethejobto____hebelievehadastrongsenseofduty.A.whoeverB.whomeverC.whoD.nomatterwho【解析】選Awhoever引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，作介詞to賓語(yǔ)。但同步又做主句主語(yǔ)，不能用whomever；而nomatterwho引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，因此也不能用。()5.____nice，thefishwassoldoutsoon.A.TastedB.TastingC.TotasteD.Beingtaste【解析】選B系動(dòng)詞，作不及物動(dòng)詞用，無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。因此不能用過(guò)去分詞．而用當(dāng)前分詞，tastingnice做因素狀語(yǔ)。()6.Inthedarkforests____，somelargeenoughtoholdseveralEnglishtowns.(遼寧)A.standmanylakesB.liemanylakesC.manylakeslieD.manylaksstand【解析】選B該句倒裝，主語(yǔ)是lakes，不及物動(dòng)詞stand，lie均可用來(lái)表達(dá)“位于”，但stand意為“站立，挺立”，用于立體物體；lie為“躺，臥”，相對(duì)于平面而言。()7.Thescientistsmytheplant's____inthisareawasaterriblesignoftheworseenvironment.A.introduetionB.absenceC.presenceD.appearance【解析】選B全句意為“這個(gè)地區(qū)這種植物消失是環(huán)境惡化一種跡象”。()8.--Will$200____?--I'mafraidnot.Weneedatleast50moredollars.A.countB.satisfyC.fitD.do【解析】選D問(wèn)句意為“200美元可行嗎?”do可作不及物動(dòng)詞，作“行，可以”解，表達(dá)對(duì)萊一事實(shí)承認(rèn)。fit意為“吻合”，不是抽象意義“適當(dāng)”。()9.Thekeydoesn't____thelock.A.fitB.fitforC.fittoD.fitwith【解析】選A此處應(yīng)作及物動(dòng)詞用，意為“這把鑰匙不是配這把鎖”，不及物用法應(yīng)為fitinwith，形容詞用法應(yīng)是befitfor或befittodo...。()10.Youdon'tlookwellrecently.Tryto____strongwine.A.keepoffB.keepoutC.keepoutofD.keepup【解析】選Akeepoff意為“別碰，遠(yuǎn)離”，句意是“身體不好，不要喝烈酒”；keepup意為“堅(jiān)持，保持”；keepout(of)意為“不讓……進(jìn)來(lái)”。高二英語(yǔ)教材知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)及重難點(diǎn)解析Unit5-6【短語(yǔ)歸類(lèi)】【考點(diǎn)5】clearup和cleanup①clearup整頓；消除；澄清；放晴②cleanup徹底打掃；清理干凈[例句]Wouldyoucleanupthisroombeforeourvisitorsarrive?客人到來(lái)之前，你打掃房間好嗎?Shewouldliketohaveatalkwithherclassmatetoclearuptheirmisunderstanding.她想和同窗交談以解除她們之間誤會(huì)。TherearesomepointsI'dliketoclearup.有幾點(diǎn)我要澄清一下?！究祭?】Onhismother'sarrival，thecryingboy'sface____.A.clearedupB.clearledupC.waslitupD.reflectedup[考查目的]此題重要考查短語(yǔ)辨義問(wèn)題。[答案與解析]Alightup此處不用被動(dòng)態(tài)。D不合題意。【考點(diǎn)l】與consist關(guān)于短語(yǔ)①consistof由……構(gòu)成(=bemadeupof)②consistin在于[例句]Theclubconsistsofmorethan200members.俱樂(lè)部南200各種成員構(gòu)成。ThebeautyoFthevillageconsistsinitscleanairandpeacefulenvironment.這個(gè)村莊美麗之處在于它清潔空氣和幽靜環(huán)境?！檎x提示：consistof不用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)?！究祭?】Theopeningprovincewhich____thirteencountiesandthreecoastalcitieswillquickenitspacesofeconomicdevelopment.A.consistsofB.makesupC.isincludedD.iscontained[考查目的]此題重要考查相似意義短語(yǔ)或動(dòng)詞用法辨義問(wèn)題。[答案與解析]AB應(yīng)當(dāng)使用被動(dòng)構(gòu)造．即：ismadeupof。C不應(yīng)當(dāng)使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。而D自身是錯(cuò)誤，在本題中不可使用。10.dealwith解決，對(duì)付HowcanIdealwiththeproblem?我應(yīng)當(dāng)如何解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題?(相稱(chēng)于：WhatcanIdowiththeproblem?)Dealwithamanashedealswithyou.以其人之道還治其人之身。dealwith也可譯作“與……有生意來(lái)往”。Wehavedealtwiththefinnformanyyears.咱們和這家公司有近年生意來(lái)往?！究键c(diǎn)4】instorehave/keep/hold...instore儲(chǔ)藏著；準(zhǔn)備著；將發(fā)生[例句]Nobodyknowswhatthefuturemayholdinstore.沒(méi)有人懂得將來(lái)會(huì)是如何。Therewasabigsurpriseinstore.有一種大驚奇在等著呢。【考例4】Therewasanotheraccident____forhimthatday.A.inthewayB.instoreC.ineffectD.incase[考查目的]此題重要考查短語(yǔ)辨義。[答案與解析]Bintheway擋路。ineffect事實(shí)上。incase萬(wàn)一，以防。【考點(diǎn)2】與point關(guān)于短語(yǔ)①atthepoint在某處；一度②tothepoint切中要點(diǎn)③offthepoint離題④beonthepointofdoingsthwhen...正要做某事……突然⑤There'snopoint(in)doingsth做某事沒(méi)故意義⑥pointat/to指向⑦pointout指出[例句]Atonepointatthemeetingthemanagernearlylosthistemper.會(huì)上經(jīng)理一度幾乎大發(fā)脾氣。Hisremarksonthematterweremuchtothepoint.她就這事評(píng)論非常切中要點(diǎn)。Theboywasonthepointofgoingtobedwhenthetelephonerang.這孩子正要上床睡覺(jué)這時(shí)電話(huà)響了。There'sverylittlepointinarguingfurther.再爭(zhēng)論下去意義不大。【考例2】Thepeaksfluesoclosetoeachotherthatthedistancebetweenthem____is5meters.A.tothepointB.atonepointC.atthepointD.Onthepoint[考查目的]此題重要考查短語(yǔ)辨義問(wèn)題。[答案與解析]B兩座山峰如此緊靠著以至于最貼近一處距離僅為五米?！究键c(diǎn)3】“動(dòng)詞+名詞+介詞”短語(yǔ)①makethemostof=makethebestof=makefulluseof充分運(yùn)用②payattentionto注意③takecareof照看；照顧④takenoticeof注意⑤makenotesof紀(jì)錄[例句]Themostmustbemadeofthesenaturalresourcestodeveloptheeconomyofthecountry.要充分運(yùn)用自然資源來(lái)發(fā)展國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)。Ourattentionshouldbepaidtowaterpollution.咱們應(yīng)當(dāng)注意水污染問(wèn)題?！檎x提示：此類(lèi)三詞詞組被動(dòng)態(tài)形式有兩種：一是把介詞后賓語(yǔ)作為被動(dòng)態(tài)主語(yǔ)；二是把中間名詞作為被動(dòng)態(tài)主語(yǔ)?！究祭?】Hastheboywhowasmadeuseof____realizedhismistakes?A.stealingB.tostealC.forstealingD.stolen[考查目的]此題重要考查短語(yǔ)后非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式。[答案與解析]B“運(yùn)用……去做某事”。要用不定式作目狀語(yǔ)，即：makeuseof...todosth。句中of有賓語(yǔ)，就是前面theboy。題意是：那個(gè)被人運(yùn)用去偷盜男孩意識(shí)到自己錯(cuò)誤了嗎?☆詞語(yǔ)比較☆1.pleasant，pleasing，pleased(1)pleasant可作定語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)。修飾事物，不能修飾人。因而句子主語(yǔ)只能是表達(dá)事物詞語(yǔ)，而不能是人。意思是“令人高興，令人高興”。Ihopeyou'llhaveapleasantholiday.我但愿你能過(guò)一種高興假期。(2)pleasing“令人高興，令人高興”，表達(dá)寧?kù)o、滿(mǎn)意、令人滿(mǎn)足之意。側(cè)重于表達(dá)接受對(duì)象情感，傳遞主觀感受。比pleasant稍弱。主語(yǔ)可為人或事物。Anactorshouldhaveapleasingpersonality.表演者應(yīng)當(dāng)具備一種令人高興個(gè)性。(3)pleased“高興，感到滿(mǎn)意”含義與glad基本相似。作表語(yǔ)時(shí)，句子主語(yǔ)只能是“人”，而不能是表達(dá)事物詞語(yǔ)。bepleasedwith表達(dá)“對(duì)……表達(dá)滿(mǎn)意”之意。Shehadapleasedlook0nhisface.她臉上露出了滿(mǎn)意表情。2.bemadeupof，bemadeof，bemadefrom，bemadeinto(1)bemadeupof由……構(gòu)成。TheUnitedStatesismadeupoffiftystates.美國(guó)由五十個(gè)州構(gòu)成。(2)bemadeof由……制成(成品看得出原料)。Thetableismadeofwood.這張桌子由木材制成。(3)bemadefrom由……制成(成品看不出原料)。Thiskindofpaperismadefromwood.這種紙張由木材制成。(4)bemadeinto由(原料)……制成(成品)。Thebamboocanbemadeintomanyusefulthings.竹子可以制成諸多有用東西。3.lay，lie(1)lay慣用作及物動(dòng)詞，意為“放置，鋪設(shè)；產(chǎn)(卵)；布置；下蛋”等，是不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞。其變化為：laid，laid,laying。Shelaidthepaperonmydesk.她把文獻(xiàn)放在我桌子上。Theworkersarelayingdownacable.工人們?cè)阡佋O(shè)電線。(2)lie作不及物動(dòng)詞。其基本含義是：躺；臥；位于，是不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞。其變化為：lay，lain，lying。Thehospitallaywhereaschoolislocated.這個(gè)醫(yī)院過(guò)去就在當(dāng)前學(xué)校所在地方。(3)lie作不及物動(dòng)詞。它另一種含義是：說(shuō)謊，是規(guī)則動(dòng)詞。其變化為：lied，lied，lying。"Heislying,"saidthegirlangrily，lyingonthehay.“她在說(shuō)謊?！蹦莻€(gè)女孩躺在干草上，氣憤地說(shuō)。4.intime，ontime(1)intime除了譯作“及時(shí)”，還可譯作“最后”或“總有一天”。Herhelpingmeintimesavedmeplentyoftime.她及時(shí)協(xié)助使我省了諸多時(shí)間。(2)ontime，意為“準(zhǔn)時(shí)”Everyoneisrequiredtobepresentatthepartyontime.規(guī)定每個(gè)人準(zhǔn)時(shí)參加約會(huì)。time構(gòu)成詞組已學(xué)過(guò)尚有：atatime(一次)，innotime(立即)，atthat(the)time(那時(shí))，attimes(有時(shí))，atanytime(在任何時(shí)候)等?！罹漕}例☆()1.____twoexamstoworryabout，Ihavetoworkreallyhardthisweekend.(北京)A.WithB.BesidesC.AsforD.Becauseof【解析】選A語(yǔ)境表白動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生，因此用with+名詞+不定式。Besides和Becauseof不能用toworryabout。()2.Ifyoukeepon，you'llsucceed____.A.intimeB.atonetimeC.atthesametimeD.ontime【解析】選A句意“只要你堅(jiān)持，最后一定會(huì)誠(chéng)功。”ontime意為“準(zhǔn)時(shí)”，atonetime意為“曾經(jīng)”或(過(guò)去)有一段時(shí)間”。()3.Here'smycard.Let'skeepin____.A.touchB.relationC.connectionD.friendship【解析】選Akeepintouch(with)是一種固定搭配。()4.____intheregulationsthatyoushouldnottellotherpeoplethepassword0fyoure-mailaccount.(上海)A.WhatisrequiredB.WhatrequiredC.ItisrequiredD.Itrequires【解析】選C用require被動(dòng)式，It為形式主語(yǔ)。()5.____fromothercontinentsformillionsofyears，Australiahasmanyplantsandanimalsnotfoundinanyothercountryintheworld.(湖北)A.BeingseparatedB.HavingseparatedC.HaringbeenseparatedD.Tobeseparated【解析】選Cseparate是及物動(dòng)詞，句意為“已經(jīng)分開(kāi)幾百萬(wàn)年”，因而用分詞完畢時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。()6.Hospitalstaffburstintocheersafterdoctorscompleteda20-houroperationtohave____one-year-oldtwinsatthehead.(上海)A.isolatedB.separatedC.dividedD.removed【解析】選Bseparate用于“把兩者分開(kāi)”，isolate意為“隔離”。()7.Nowthatsheisoutofjob，Lucy____goingbacktoschool，butshehasn'tdecidedyet.(北京)A.hadconsideredB.hasbeenconsideringC.consideredD.isgoingtoconsider【解析】選B句意“始終在考慮重返工作崗位”，顯然說(shuō)話(huà)時(shí)還在考慮，因此用當(dāng)前完畢進(jìn)行時(shí)。()8.Themanagerhasfallenasleepwherehe____,withoutundressing.(安徽)A.waslayingB.waslyingC.hadlaidD.hadlied【解析】選B語(yǔ)境是“經(jīng)理躺著睡著了”。高二英語(yǔ)教材知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)及重難點(diǎn)解析Unit7-8【短語(yǔ)歸類(lèi)】【考點(diǎn)l】與as關(guān)于短語(yǔ)①aswithsb/sth/doing猶如……同樣②asfor至于；就……而言③asto關(guān)于④asfaras就……而論；據(jù)……⑤asgoodas幾乎已經(jīng)，實(shí)際已經(jīng)⑥asfollows如下⑦asawhole總來(lái)說(shuō)⑧asarule普通說(shuō)來(lái)，普通⑨asa/theresultof由于⑩asusual像往常同樣[例句]Aswithswimming，ridingabicycledoesgoodtoourhealth.像游泳同樣，騎自行車(chē)對(duì)咱們健康有好處。Ienjoygoingtothemovies．Butasforthetheater，Ipreferstayingathome.我喜歡看電影，但至于看戲，我寧可呆在家里。IwantyouradviceastowhatIoughttodowithMr.Ernest．關(guān)于如何和俄尼斯特先生打交道，我需要你高見(jiàn)。【考例1】Ienjoygoingt0themovies____thethea—tres.A.asforB.aswithC.astoD.asfrom[考查目的]此題重要考查短語(yǔ)辨義問(wèn)題。[答案與解析]Basfrom從……時(shí)起。題意是：我喜歡看電影像喜歡看戲劇同樣?！究键c(diǎn)2】與chance關(guān)于短語(yǔ)①takeeverychance運(yùn)用機(jī)會(huì)；碰運(yùn)氣(=takeachance，takechances)②bychance=byaccident偶爾地；無(wú)意中③byanychance萬(wàn)一[例句]Don'ttakechancesbydrivingtoofast.不要開(kāi)快車(chē)來(lái)冒險(xiǎn)。I'lltakemychanceofbeingcapturedbytheenemy.我要冒著被敵人抓到危險(xiǎn)碰碰運(yùn)氣。【考例2】That'sachanceI'llhaveto____.A.makeB.takeC.tryD.play[考查目的]此題重要考查固定短語(yǔ)搭配問(wèn)題。[答案與解析]B在takeachance短語(yǔ)中，不可用其她動(dòng)詞。13.incaseof(incase)以防，假使Incaseofherbeingout，youmayleaveamassage.如果她不在家你可留張便條。Whatshallwedoincaseheisabsentatthemeeting?萬(wàn)一她不來(lái)開(kāi)會(huì)咱們?cè)趺崔k?Takeyourraincoat，justincase.帶上雨衣以防下雨。[注意](1)incaseof接名詞或相稱(chēng)于名詞成分；incase引導(dǎo)句子或單獨(dú)使用，上面句子中justincase相稱(chēng)于justincaseofrain。類(lèi)似用法尚有inthis/thatcase(要是這樣/那樣話(huà))，如：Inthatcase，wewillnotgowithyou.要是狀況是那樣話(huà)，咱們就不和你一起去了。(2)in與ease搭配也常表達(dá)“在……狀況下”重要有如下詞組：inanycase(在任何狀況下)inallcases(在所有狀況下)inaparticularcase(在特殊狀況下)insomecase(在某種狀況下)innocase(在任何狀況下都不，決不)如：Innocase，canIlendmoneytohim.在任何狀況下我都不會(huì)借錢(qián)給她。12.inhonorof(insb'shonor)為了……紀(jì)念／慶祝，對(duì)……表達(dá)敬意／歡迎Abanquetwasgiveninhonorofthevisitingpresident.舉辦宴會(huì)歡迎來(lái)訪總統(tǒng)。Abirthdaypartyisbeingplannedinourteacher'shonor.正在為咱們教師謀劃一種生日約會(huì)。試比較：forthehonorof...(為了……榮譽(yù))Hewilltryhisbestforthehonorofhisschool.她會(huì)為學(xué)校榮譽(yù)而努力。類(lèi)似用法inmemoryof(為了……紀(jì)念)，如：ThestatuewasbuiltinmemoryofMr.LuXun.這個(gè)雕塑是為紀(jì)念魯迅先生而建。14.makesure：toestablishsomethingwithoutdoubt;makecertain弄清晰；保證Makesurehewritesitdown.讓她一定記下來(lái)。sureadj.(常與of，that連用)確信；必定Pleasemakesurethatthehouseislockedbeforeyouleave.請(qǐng)你確信是鎖上房間后才離開(kāi)。I'mnotsureaboutthepracticalityoftheirplan.我還無(wú)法擬定她們那個(gè)籌劃可行性如何。(與to連用)一定；必然Wearesuretobenefitfromthenewtimetable.咱們必定會(huì)得益于新作息時(shí)間表。There'ssuretobeafusswhentheownerofthehousefindsthewindow'sbroken.房子主人發(fā)現(xiàn)窗子被人打破時(shí)準(zhǔn)會(huì)大吵大鬧。sureadv.一定地；必然地；無(wú)疑地Itsurewascold.確是冷。Theteachermakessure，too，thatthechildgetsenoughrestandplay，alongwithhiseducation.教師還要保證每個(gè)孩子在接受教誨同步有充分時(shí)間休息和游戲。Hesaidhewouldcomewithhiswife，andsureenoughhedid.她說(shuō)她會(huì)帶著妻子一起來(lái)，果然她們來(lái)了?！究键c(diǎn)4】makethings/mattersworse使事情更糟①tomakemattersworse=what'sworse=worsestill更糟是②what'smore=besides此外；并且[例句]IrealizedthatanythingIcouldsaywouldonlymakemattersworse.我意識(shí)到只要我說(shuō)話(huà)就會(huì)添亂子。Itgotdark，andtomakethingsworseitbegantorain.天黑了，更糟是又開(kāi)始下起雨來(lái)。▲辨析：makethingsworse是動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，而tomakemattersworse是副詞短語(yǔ)?！究祭?】Heseemedtohavenodesiretogothere;____，hisclotheswerenotgoodenough.A.what'sworseB.what'smoreC.thusD.therefore[考查目的]此題重要考查副詞在句意中理解問(wèn)題。[答案與解析]B題意是：她似乎不想去那里，此外，她衣服也不夠好?！究键c(diǎn)3】與mind關(guān)于短語(yǔ)①keep/bear/carry…inmind記住②have...inmind心中在想③haveamindtodosth打算做某事④keepone'smindon/upon聚精會(huì)神⑤makeupone'smind(s)下決心⑥Outofsight，outofmind.眼不見(jiàn)，心不煩(諺語(yǔ))。[例句]AtthispointIcan'tundertaketoacceptyoursuggestion，butlwillkeepitinmind.在這一點(diǎn)上，我不能保證接受你建議，但我會(huì)把它記在心里。Judginghisachievement，wemustbearinmindthathchashadnopreviousexperienceofthiskindofwork.判斷她成績(jī)時(shí)，咱們要記住她此前并沒(méi)有做過(guò)這種工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)。Whatdoyouhaveinmind?你在想什么?【考例3】Icouldseehewasnottellingmeallbe____inmind.A.keptB.hadC.carriedD.made[考查目的]此題重要考查短語(yǔ)辨義和短語(yǔ)搭配問(wèn)題。[答案與解析]BC、D兩項(xiàng)顯然錯(cuò)誤。題意是：我能看出她沒(méi)有把她所想告訴我?！究键c(diǎn)5】與moment關(guān)于短語(yǔ)①forthemoment暫時(shí)=forthepresent②foramoment半晌③inamoment不久，立即．立即④atthemoment此時(shí)．當(dāng)前⑤themoment一……就……=theminute/instant[例句]Wearen'tgoingtomakeanychangeforthemo-ment.咱們暫時(shí)不做任何變化。Thenewcouplearetravelingabroadatthemoment.那對(duì)新婚夫婦跟下正在國(guó)外旅行?！究祭?】(京、蒙、皖春招)--DidyouremembertogiveMarythemoneyyouowedher?--Yes，Igaveittoher____Isawher.A.whileB.themomentC.suddenlyD.once[考查目的]此題重要考查連詞問(wèn)題。[答案與解析]B先排除C項(xiàng)，由于suddenly是副詞，不能引導(dǎo)從句。從上下句看。所欠錢(qián)已還過(guò)，并且是．一看見(jiàn)她就還了，因此又排除D項(xiàng)，由于once舍有條件意味。while強(qiáng)調(diào)一段時(shí)間。9.sufferfrom受……苦，遭……難，患……病Mostpartofthecountrysufferedfromtheheavyflood.這個(gè)國(guó)家大某些地區(qū)遭受?chē)?yán)重水災(zāi)。Hismothersuffersfromhearttrouble.她媽媽患心臟病。☆詞語(yǔ)比較☆1.persuade，advise兩個(gè)詞均有“勸”之意，persuade表達(dá)到果，advise只強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作。Weadvised(or：triedtopersuade)himtostoptalking,buthcrefused.咱們勸(試圖勸服)她別談了但她不聽(tīng)。Ipersuadehimtostopsmoking.tienowlooksbetter.我勸服她戒了煙。當(dāng)前她看f：去更健康了。[注意]persuade表達(dá)“說(shuō)服某人做／不做某事”除了persuadesb.to/nottodo...構(gòu)造，尚有odoingsth./outofdoingsth.如：Hepersuadedmeintoleavingsoon.她勸服我立即離開(kāi)。2.dead，deadly，dying三個(gè)詞都可以作形容詞，但含義各不相似。dead意為“死了”，反義詞是alive，表達(dá)死亡狀態(tài)；deadly意為“致命”表達(dá)抽象意義；dying意為“臨死”。Thedoghasbeendeadforhours.這條狗死了幾種小時(shí)了。Thatisadeadlysnake.這是一條致命蛇。Thedyingmantriedtomymmething.這個(gè)快死人試圖想說(shuō)什么。[注意]dead，dying可在前面加the作名詞用；deadly尚有“死氣沉沉”之意。如：Thedead(dying)werebeingtakenawayfromthespot.當(dāng)時(shí)死者(快死人)正從現(xiàn)場(chǎng)被抬走。Thelectureisdeadly.Manybegantoleave.演講太沉悶了。許多人開(kāi)始離開(kāi)。3.forthemoment，foramomentforthemoment意為“當(dāng)前，暫時(shí)”，foramoment意為“(過(guò))半晌，一會(huì)兒”。Theydon'tplantomoveforthemoment.她們當(dāng)前不想搬走。Iwillstayhereforamoment.我要在這里呆會(huì)兒。4.dieof，diefrom，diefor，diein(1)dieof意為“因……而死”，因素多為來(lái)自?xún)?nèi)部、情感、凍餓和生病等，如：dieofhunger(afever,thirst，sorrow，oldage)死于饑餓(發(fā)熱、渴、憂(yōu)傷、年老)(2)diefrom意為“由于……而死”，因素普通來(lái)自外部，如：diefromwound(lackoffood，anaccident，overwork，drinking，pollution)死于外傷(缺少食物、事故、過(guò)度勞動(dòng)、飲酒、污染)(3)diefor意為了“為……而死”，如：Thesoldierdiedforhismotherland.她為祖舊捐軀。(4)diein意為“死于……”，如：dieinbattle(戰(zhàn)死)，diegreatlyindebt(死于負(fù)債累累)，dieinoffice(死于任職期間)5.reason，cause，excuse，grounds(1)reason：理由，因素；指決定做某一件事或采用某一行動(dòng)理由，由此而得出結(jié)論或解釋。Thereasonformyabsencewasthatlwasill.這兒不能用because引導(dǎo)。(2)cause：起因；指引起某種后果起因。Thecauseoftheaccidentwasthefa