英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法倒裝句

正常語(yǔ)序：主動(dòng)句：被動(dòng)句：狀語(yǔ)主補(bǔ)保留賓語(yǔ)倒裝語(yǔ)序：凡是與上述語(yǔ)序不同的語(yǔ)序，就稱為倒裝。主語(yǔ)→謂語(yǔ)→賓語(yǔ)→賓補(bǔ)主語(yǔ)→謂語(yǔ)→知識(shí)點(diǎn)5：倒裝句2021/5/911、全倒裝

（1）表語(yǔ)

介詞短語(yǔ)形容詞副詞+系動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)

Ofwiderapplicationisthefactthatmatterusuallyexpandswhenitstemperatureisincreasedandcontracts（收縮）whenitstemperatureisdecreased.

Ofparticularvaluehasbeentheconstructivecriticism（建設(shè)性的批評(píng)意見(jiàn)）ofmanyteachers.

Moreimportantisthefactthatthereverse（反向的）currentincreasesexponentially（指數(shù)地）withtemperature.Hereisanexperiment.2021/5/92（2）狀語(yǔ)

介詞短語(yǔ)副詞there+不及物動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)

1、全倒裝

FromthisconditionfollowsEuler’sequation.Inthiscasethereresultsapotentialdifference（電位差）betweenthetwopoints.Thecenterofmassisthepointthroughwhichpassestheresultant（合力）ofthereactionforces（反作用力）whenabodyisaccelerated（加速）.

Thereremainmanyimportantfeaturesaboutalllasers（激光器）thathaveyettobeaddressed（處理；講解）.

2021/5/93（3）分詞

過(guò)去分詞現(xiàn)在分詞+is(are,…)+主語(yǔ)

注：漢譯時(shí)可用“what從句”來(lái)等效。

1、全倒裝

Movingroundthenucleusarenegativelychargedparticles（微粒）calledelectrons.(=Whataremovingroundthenucleus…)

Surroundingtheearthisalayerofairofunknownthickness（厚度）.

(=Whatsurroundstheearth…)

ShowninFig.1–1istheblockdiagram（方框圖）ofaradiotransmitter（發(fā)射機(jī)）.(=WhatisshowninFig.1–1…)

2021/5/94Superimposed（疊加）uponthese

considerations（考慮因素）istheneedtoconserve（保存）energyandmaterialresources.(=Whatissuperimposedontheseconsiderations…)

However,remainingopen（未解決的）isthequestionofwhetherWSI(waferscaleintegration“晶片規(guī)模集成”)

willenjoyatimeinthesun.1、全倒裝

（3）分詞

2021/5/952、部分倒裝

（1）以

only+狀語(yǔ)修飾謂語(yǔ)或整個(gè)句子的具有否定詞義的副詞或介詞短語(yǔ)

so=also開(kāi)頭的句子要部分到裝（其方法與構(gòu)成一般疑問(wèn)句類同）。

Onlywhentheforceisknownasafunction（函數(shù)）oftime

can

thisintegral（積分）beevaluated（求值）.

Bynomeansdopositivechargesmoveinawire.NotallthestudentsherearefromShannxiProvince.2021/5/96常見(jiàn)的一些否定副詞有：never（永不）,hardly（幾乎不）,scarcely（幾乎不）,rarely（難得，幾乎不）,not

only（不僅）,not

until（直到……后才）,little（一點(diǎn)也不）,seldom（難得，幾乎不）,notalways（不總是），neither,nor等等。

2、部分倒裝

常見(jiàn)的一些否定含意的短語(yǔ)有（一般都可譯成“決不，絕不”）：bynomeans,innoway,atnotime,innocase,on[under]nocondition,undernocircumstances,onnoaccount等。

2021/5/97（2）

被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)be+個(gè)別形容詞介詞短語(yǔ)there++主語(yǔ)2、部分倒裝

Byafamilyofcurvesismeantaspecifiedsetofcurveswhichsatisfygivenconditions.

InFig.2–1areshownanammeter（安培表）andavoltmeter（伏特表）.

Intotheendsofthehose（軟管）arethrust（插）glasstubes10to12inches（英寸）long.ConsiderfirsttheRCfilter（濾波器）ofFig.2–7

towhichisappliedthesquarewave（方波）

ofperiod（周期）T.2021/5/98Fig.2–5showsablock（木塊）onwhichareexerted（施加）

twoforcesF1andF2.

ThereisshowntheblockdiagramofadigitalcomputerinFig.1–4.

ToeachpointofSlettherebeassigned（賦予）adefinite（確定的）number,n.

Thereispresentamagneticfieldwhichvarieswithtime.2、部分倒裝

Thepurposeofthisarticleistopresentacritical（評(píng)論性的）survey（綜述）ofthefieldoflanguagedataprocessing,bywhichismeanttheprocessingofnaturallanguagedatabycomputer.2021/5/99

***中國(guó)在任何情況下決不會(huì)首先使用核武器（nuclearweapons）。

UndernocircumstanceswillChinabethefirsttousenuclearweapons.2、部分倒裝

2021/5/910（3）把要強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分或較短的部分提前

①

把要強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分放在主語(yǔ)前

A、“賓語(yǔ)→主語(yǔ)→謂語(yǔ)→～”★

Thisprocesswecallautomation.Thispointweshalldiscussindetaillater.2、部分倒裝

B、“狀語(yǔ)[表語(yǔ)等]→主語(yǔ)→動(dòng)詞→～”

Withpressure（壓力）thegap（間隙）decreases.

Ofonethingwecanbesure:Ifthecharges（電荷）areatrest,thereisnoelectricfield（電場(chǎng)）withinthemetalball.2021/5/911***Said

Dr.SamuelRankin,headofthemathematicalsciencesdepartmentatWorchesterPolytechnicInstitute（工業(yè)學(xué)院）inWorchester,Mass.:“Thefurtheryougooutintothescientificandtechno-logicalfrontiers（新領(lǐng)域）,

especiallyinthekindsofthingsweareseeingtoday,youaregoingtofindmathematics.”2、部分倒裝

Certainitisthatallessential（關(guān)鍵的）processesofplant（植物）growthanddevelopment（發(fā)育）occurinwater.2021/5/912②

把較短的部分提前

A、“主語(yǔ)→謂語(yǔ)→賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)→賓語(yǔ)→～”★

Electromagneticwavesmakepossible

radiobroadcast（廣播）andtelevision.Friction（摩擦）makesnecessaryagoodlubrication（潤(rùn)滑）system.2、部分倒裝

Wecallinsulators（絕緣體）thesesubstanceswhichpreventthepassageofelectricity.2021/5/913Thatstillleaves（留有）tobeexplored（探索）anareatentimesasgreatasthecontinents（五大洲）oftheearth.Theadvent（出現(xiàn)）oflargescaleintegrationhasnowmadecommonplace（普通的）computerswithinstructionset（指令組）capableofdirectlyaccessing（存?。辉L問(wèn)）andflexibly（靈活地）manipulating（處理）anumberofdifferentdatatypesandsizes.2、部分倒裝

2021/5/914B、“主語(yǔ)→謂語(yǔ)→狀語(yǔ)→賓