2023學(xué)年完整公開課版Categories of Tunneling Machines

ENGLISHFORSHIELDCONSTRACTIONUnitThree——CategoriesofTunnelingMachinesContentsTask2Task1Task3VocabularyHaveSomeFunCategoriesofTunnelingMachines專業(yè)詞匯學(xué)習(xí)輕松一下掘進(jìn)機(jī)的分類Seite3Task1：Vocabularycategoryn.分類classificationn.分類featuren.特色，特征，特點(diǎn)combinationn.結(jié)合，聯(lián)合，組合reservev.保留，保存，預(yù)訂abbreviationn.縮寫，縮寫詞partiallyadv.部分地prototypen.原型manualshield手掘式盾構(gòu)softgroundn.軟土地層mechanicalshield機(jī)械式盾構(gòu)rotatevt.旋轉(zhuǎn);adjacentadj.靠近的beavailablefor適用于….siltn.淤泥質(zhì)土clayn.粘土latteradj.后者的pressurizedslurry帶壓泥漿

思考（復(fù)習(xí)）盾構(gòu)的分類方式?

按斷面形式分類?按直徑不同分類?按支護(hù)地層的形式分類?按開挖面與作業(yè)室之間隔板的構(gòu)造分類?

按施工環(huán)境分類按工作室隔板構(gòu)造分類已淘汰

盾構(gòu)的分類1.Knowwelltheexpressionoftheclassification

ofshieldmachine;

掌握盾構(gòu)機(jī)分類的英語(yǔ)表達(dá)

2.GraspthefeaturesofEPBandSPB！

理解土壓盾構(gòu)和泥水盾構(gòu)的特點(diǎn)objectives（目的）Task2:CategoriesofTunnelingMachinesTunnelingmachinescanbetunnelboringmachines(TBM),doubleshieldmachines(DSM),shieldmachines(SM)orcombinationmachines(KSM).Whiletheacronym“TBM”inEnglishwillbeusedforalltypesoftunnelingmachines,theGermanDAUBreservestheabbreviationforthehardrockmachines.doubleshieldmachines雙護(hù)盾TBMcombinationmachines復(fù)合盾構(gòu)while然而，雖然acronym首字母縮略詞German德國(guó)的，德國(guó)人reserve保留，預(yù)定abbreviation縮寫，縮寫詞hardrockmachine硬巖掘進(jìn)機(jī)Task2:CategoriesofTunnelingMachinespartiallyclosedtypeshield半敞開式盾構(gòu)closedtypeshield閉胸式盾構(gòu)盾構(gòu)opentypeshield敞開式盾構(gòu)Task2:CategoriesofTunnelingMachinesShieldmachinescanbedividedintothreetypes:theopentypeshield,thepartiallyclosedtypeshieldandtheclosedtypeshield.盾構(gòu)機(jī)分為3種類型：敞開式盾構(gòu)機(jī)，半敞開式盾構(gòu)機(jī)和閉胸式盾構(gòu)機(jī)。固定短語(yǔ)：...bedividedinto.........被分為......OpenTypeShieldTheopentypeshieldisaprototype(雛形)

shieldand

['prot?'ta?p]hasnobulkhead(土倉(cāng)隔板).Manualshield(手掘式盾構(gòu)),partiallymechanicalshield(半機(jī)械式盾構(gòu))

andmechanicalshield(機(jī)械式盾構(gòu))belongtothistype.敞開式盾構(gòu)機(jī)是盾構(gòu)機(jī)的雛形、并且沒(méi)有土艙隔板。手掘式盾構(gòu)、半機(jī)械式盾構(gòu)和機(jī)械式盾構(gòu)都屬于這種類型。OpenTypeShieldmanualshield手掘式盾構(gòu)partiallymechanicalshield半機(jī)械式盾構(gòu)mechanicalshield

機(jī)械式盾構(gòu)PartiallyClosedTypeShieldThepartiallyclosedtypeshieldhasabulkheadwithopeningswhichisadjacenttotunnelface.adjacent靠近的，與……毗連[?'d?eisnt]opening開口，洞，缺口半敞開式盾構(gòu)機(jī)有一個(gè)帶有開口的隔板，這個(gè)隔板靠近掌子面。ClosedTypeShieldTheclosedtypeshieldhasacutterheadandabulkhead.Slurryshieldandearthpressurebalancedshieldbelongtothistype.ClosedTypeShield

Thistypeshieldisavailableforsand,siltandclay,etc.beavailablefor適用于….，對(duì)….可用silt淤泥質(zhì)土clay粘土sandclaysiltClosedTypeShieldWhatisthedifferencebetweenEPBandSPB?ClosedTypeShieldTheformer(Slurryshield)supportstunnelfacewithpressurizedslurry(帶壓力的泥漿).短語(yǔ)：support.....with......

用........支護(hù)(支撐)........

前者（泥水盾構(gòu)）用帶壓力的泥漿支護(hù)掌子面。ClosedTypeShield練習(xí)support.....with......的用法

用管片支護(hù)洞壁supportcavitywithsegmentsClosedTypeShieldthelatterwithexcavatedsoil（渣土）.還原Earthpressurebalanceshieldsupportstunnelfacewithexcavatedsoil.土壓平衡盾構(gòu)機(jī)用切削下來(lái)的渣土支護(hù)掌子面。SomePracticalEnglish！Task3：HaveSomeFun（輕松一下）Somepopularsnacks(小吃)Task3：HaveSomeFun（輕松一下）

chipnutpopcornlollipopDidyoueatit?Somepopularsnacks(小吃)Task3：HaveSomeFun（輕松一下）beefjerkycookieseedsDidyoueatit?Somepopularsnacks(小吃)Task3：HaveSomeFun（輕松一下）spicyglutenfrieddoughtwistinstantnoodlesDidyoueatit?Theymakemymouthwater！Task3：HaveSomeFun（輕松一下）Tongue

Twister（繞口令英文版）

1.Shesellsseashellsbytheseashore.Theshellsshesellsaresurelyseashells.Soifshesellsshellsontheseashore,I'msureshesellsseashoreshells.她在海灘賣海貝殼，她賣的貝殼是真的海貝殼。所以如果她賣的是海灘上的貝殼，那我確信她賣的是真的是海貝殼。taste（味道）spicy微辣slightlyspicy中辣hot特辣veryspicy吃火鍋的表達(dá)Doyouwantslightlyspicypot?taste（味道）sweetsaltybittersourSmallStory（英語(yǔ)小故事）字面意思：被接納！用法示例：

A:Areyouinsane?Howcanyoubelievethatgirlsoeasily?B:Ithoughtshelikedme?A:Likedyou,shewasjustplayingyouaround!B:Istilldon’tbelievethat!A:Wakeup,buddy,thatgirlwasheartless,andyouarejustasweetinnocentna?veperson,youcouldbetakeninbyanyone!B:AmIsuchalooser?

A:No,youjusthaven’tfoundyourMrs.Rightyet!真實(shí)意思是“被欺騙”！betakenin!ExpressionofNumberFraction（分?jǐn)?shù)）

1/2可以讀為onehalf或oneovertwo。1/3是onethird，1/4是onefourth，但是注意1/2不能讀成onesecond（一秒）。一個(gè)半小時(shí)，一般說(shuō)成oneandahalfhours。注意幾點(diǎn)：在日常生活中，用onequarter表示1/4比用onefourth更多一些；2/3要說(shuō)twothirds,也就是說(shuō)分母那個(gè)third要加s，不要忘記。另外，在數(shù)學(xué)中，也常將1/2說(shuō)成oneovertwo，2/3說(shuō)成twooverthree，且在表達(dá)比較復(fù)雜的分?jǐn)?shù)的時(shí)候，比如17/820時(shí)，一般說(shuō)成seventeenovereighthundredandtwenty。ExpressionofNumber1又1/23又2/322/3795/711/133又5/7

一個(gè)半蘋果兩瓶半水三張半白紙

兩個(gè)半小時(shí)三分半鐘兩小時(shí)十五分鐘PracticeExpressionofNumber時(shí)間的讀法是先讀時(shí),再讀分。像4:28讀為fourtwenty-eight。至于整點(diǎn)的情況，讀法就更簡(jiǎn)單了，4:00讀為It’sfouro’clock，It’sfour或者It’sfoursharp。再比如4:05，一般不讀成fourfive，而要讀成fourofive或者更書面一些的fivepastfour，但是這類表示方法現(xiàn)在用的相對(duì)較少，人們更傾向用表達(dá)更方便的前者。3:50，可以都成threefifty，或者tentofour。美國(guó)軍隊(duì)里面也經(jīng)常把整點(diǎn)讀成**hundred，比如八點(diǎn)整也經(jīng)常說(shuō)成eighthundred。ExpressionofNumberPractice下午四點(diǎn)半晚上九點(diǎn)十分Sixhundreda.mSeventhirty

p.mTentoninea.m上午九點(diǎn)二十晚上十一點(diǎn)tenpasttenp.maquarterpasteighta.maquartertoninea.mMarchAprilAugustFebruaryNovemberDecemberExpressionofDateJanuaryOctoberMayJuneJulySeptemberMonth（月份）

日期是我們?cè)谌粘Ｉ钪薪?jīng)常用到的數(shù)字之一。日期的寫法可以采用基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞兩種形式。例如：March1也可以寫成March1st；May29也可以寫成May29th。但是，日期的讀法通常用序數(shù)詞的形式。例如：October1（October1st）讀作October（the）first（NationalDay國(guó)慶節(jié)）August26（August26th）讀作August（the）twenty-sixth當(dāng)然，萬(wàn)事都有特例，很多時(shí)候?yàn)榱吮硎緩?qiáng)調(diào)，我們也可以將May1st讀成thefirstdayofmay（MayDay或LaborDay勞動(dòng)節(jié)）。母親節(jié)表達(dá)為thesecondSundayofmay（Mother’sDay）。ExpressionofDate翻譯下列句子：我在2