賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞

賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞/NUMPAGES14賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞一、賓語從句：置于動詞、介詞等詞性后面，在句子中起賓語作用的從句叫做賓語從句。賓語從句分為三類：動詞的賓語從句，介詞的賓語從句和形容詞的賓語從句。賓語從句過"三關(guān)"：時(shí)態(tài)，語序，連詞。賓語從句的語序必須是陳述語序，謂語動詞、介詞、動詞不定式，v.-ing形式后面都能帶賓語從句，有些形容詞(afraid，sure，glad等)之后也可以帶賓語從句。二、賓語從句中引導(dǎo)詞的用法在復(fù)合句中作主句的賓語，引導(dǎo)詞有：連詞：that(that?？墒÷?,whether,if代詞：who,whose,what,which副詞：when,where,how,why等。(一)that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句(在非正式場合that可以省略)可跟that從句做賓語的動詞有：say,think,insist,wish,hope,demand,imagine,wonder,know,suppose,see,believe,agree,admit,deny,expect,explain,order,command,feel,dream,suggest,hear,mean,notice,prefer,request,require,propose,declare,report等。例句：Theboybelievesthathewilltravelthroughspacetootherplanets.（注意事項(xiàng)：當(dāng)主句謂語動詞是think,believe,suppose,expect等詞，而賓語從句的意思是否定時(shí)，常把否定轉(zhuǎn)移至主句表示。）例句：Idon’tthinkitisrightforhimtotreatyoulikethat.在以下情況中that不能省略1、當(dāng)句中的動詞后接多于兩個由that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句時(shí)，第一個that可省，但后面的that不可省。例句：Hesaid(that)youweretooyoungtounderstandthematterandthathewasaskednottotellyou.2、當(dāng)主句的謂語動詞與that賓語從句之間有插入語時(shí)，that一般不可省。例句：JustthenInoticed,forthefirsttime,thatourmasterwaswearinghisfinegreencoatandhisblacksilkcap.3、當(dāng)that從句是雙賓語中的直接賓語時(shí)，that不可省。例句：Ican’ttellhimthathismotherdied.（注意事項(xiàng)：許多帶復(fù)合賓語的句子，that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句經(jīng)常移到句子后部，而用it作形式賓語。）例句：Ifinditnecessarythatweshoulddothehomeworkontime.(二)由whether,if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句由whether(if)引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，實(shí)際上是一般疑問句演變而來的。意思是“是否”。賓語從句要用陳述句語序。一般說來，在賓語從句中whether與if可以互換使用，但在特殊情況下if與whether是不能互換的。例句：Iwonderwhether(if)theywillcometoourparty.只能用whether，不能用if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句1、在帶to的不定式前例句：Wedecidedwhethertowalkthere.2、在介詞的后面例句：I’mthinkingofwhetherweshouldgotoseethefilm.3、在動詞后面的賓語從句時(shí)例句：Wediscussedwhetherwehadasportsmeetingnextweek4、直接與ornot連用時(shí)例句：Ican’tsaywhetherornotthetcancomeontime.只能用if不能用whether引導(dǎo)的賓語從句1、if引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，意為“如果”例句：Thestudentswillgoonapicnicifitissunny.2、if引導(dǎo)否定概念的賓語從句時(shí)例句：HeaskedifIdidn’tcometoschoolyesterday.3、引導(dǎo)狀語從句evenif(即使)和asif(好象)時(shí)例句：Hetalksasifhehasknownallaboutit.(三)連接代詞和連接副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句這樣的賓語從句實(shí)際上是由特殊疑問句變化而來的，賓語從句要用陳述句語序。用于這種結(jié)構(gòu)的動詞常常是：see,say,tell,ask,answer,know,decide,show,findout,imagine,suggest,doubt,wonder,discover,understand,inform,advise等。英語中的連接代詞有：who,whom,whose,which,what,在句中擔(dān)任主語、賓語、定語或者表語。例句：Canyoutellmewhomyouarewaitingfor?英語中的連接副詞有：when,where,why,how，在句中擔(dān)任狀語的成分。例句：Noneofusknowswherethesenewpartscanbebought.三、賓語從句的語序賓語從句的語序是陳述句語序即：連接代詞/副詞+主語+謂語+其他成分。例句：Couldyoutellmewhenthetrainwillleave?四、賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)1、主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句根據(jù)實(shí)際情況使用任何時(shí)態(tài)。例句：Theheadmasterhopeseverythinggoeswell.2、主句是過去時(shí)態(tài)，從句須用過去時(shí)態(tài)的某種形式。例句：Shewassorrythatshehadn’tfinishedherworkontime.3、當(dāng)賓語從句表示的是一個客觀真理或者事實(shí)時(shí)，即使主句是過去時(shí)，從句也用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。例句：Theteachertoldhisclassthatlighttravelsfasterthansound.五、賓語從句的特點(diǎn)1、賓語從句可以作及物動詞、介詞及形容詞的賓語。2、賓語從句的語序一律用陳述句語序。3、連接詞that引導(dǎo)賓語從句在句中無詞義，不充當(dāng)句子成份，多數(shù)情況下可以省略。4、whether和if都可引導(dǎo)賓語從句，但whether后可緊跟ornot;whether從句可作介詞的賓語。5、如果從句太長，可以用形式賓語it?！局锌挤独?.MissGreendidn’ttellus_______in2002.A.wheredoessheliveB.WhereshelivesC.wheredidsheliveD.whereshelived（北京市中考試題）【解析】答案：D。該題考查的是賓語從句的語序和時(shí)態(tài)。賓語從句應(yīng)用陳述句的語序和時(shí)態(tài)，所以應(yīng)選D。2.Wouldyoupleasetellme________?（上海市徐匯區(qū)中考試題）A.whendidhecomehomeB.wherehewouldplayfootballC.ifhehadseenthefilmD.whyhedidn’twatchthegame【解析】答案：D。該題考查的是賓語從句的語序和時(shí)態(tài)。主句用的實(shí)際上是現(xiàn)在時(shí)，賓語從句在這個句子里應(yīng)用陳述句的語序和一般過去時(shí)。3.Idon’tknowwhen__________.A.willthetrainleaveB.thetrainwillleaveC.wouldthetrainleaveD.thetrainleave（哈爾濱市中考試題）【解析】答案：B。該題考查的是賓語從句的語序和時(shí)態(tài)。只有B在語序和時(shí)態(tài)上符合要求。4.Wedon’tknow_____________.ItissaidthathewasborninSweden.（常州市中考試題）A.whatheisB.ifheliveshereC.wherehecomesfromD.whichcountryishefrom【解析】答案:C。該題考查的是賓語從句的語序。按照他們談?wù)摰脑掝}可知：他們說的是某人是哪里人。A和B可以排除掉。D的語序不對，只有C正確。一、選擇填空。（）1.WhatdidMikesay?Hesaid____________________.A.ifyouarefreethenextweekB.whatcolourwasitC.theweatherisfineD.summercomesafterspring（）2.Tomaskedmyfriend________________.A.wherewashefromB.thattheearthisbiggerthanthemoonC.whendidhecomebackD.nottobesoangry（）3.Letmetellyou__________________.A.howmuchisthecarB.howmuchdoesthecarcostC.howmuchdidIpayforthecarD.howmuchIspentonthecar（）4.Peterknew_______________.A.whetherhehasfinishedreadingthebookB.whytheboyhadsomanyquestionsC.therewere12monthsinayearD.whentheywillleaveforParis（）5.Couldyoutellme___________?A.wheredoyouliveB.whoyouarewaitingforC.whowereyouwaitingforD.whereyoulivein（）6.Shetoldmethesun______intheeast.A.riseB.roseC.risesD.hadrisen（）7.Ican'tunderstand______theboyalone.A.whysheleftB.whydidsheleaveC.whyshehadleftD.whyhadsheleft（）8.Idon'tknow________upsoearlylastSunday.A.whydidhegetB.whyhegetsC.whydoeshegetD.whyhegot（）9.Themanagercameuptosee__________.A.whatwasthematterB.whatthematterwasC.whatthematterisD.what'sthematter（）10.Heaskedhisfather_______.A.whereithappensB.wheredidithappenC.howithappenedD.howdidithappen二、將下面的句子連接成為含有賓語從句的復(fù)合句。1.“TheseflowersarefromGuangdong.”Tomsaid.Tomsaid_______theseflowers_______fromGuangdong.2.“Lighttravelsfasterthansound.”MyteachertoldMark.MyteachertoldMark_____light_______fasterthansound.3.“Therewillbeameetinginfivedays.”Jackdidn’tknow.Jackdidn’tknow_____there_________ameetinginfivedays.4.“CantheyspeakFrench?”Iwanttoknow.Iwanttoknow___________________________French.5.“Arethechildrenplayinggames?”Tellme.Tellme______thechildren____________games.6.“Haveyoufinishedyourhomeworkyet?”Mr.GuoaskedSunJia.Mr.GuoaskedSunJia____________________homeworkyet.7.Howmanypeoplecanyouseeinthepicture?Whoknows?Whoknows_______________________________inthepicture?8.Wheredidsheparkhercar?Doyouknow?Doyouknow______________hercar?9.“Whatdoesheoftentalkabout?”Nancywondered.Nancywondered__________often________about.10.Whoknockedatthedoorsoloudly?Idon’tknow.Idon’tknow___________atthedoorsoloudly.三、用合適的連接詞填空。1.Jimtoldme____hedidn'tgofishingyesterdayafternoon.（how,why）2.Doyouknow______elseisgoingtobeondutytoday?（who,whom）3.Shesaid_____itwouldn'tmattermuch.（that,if）4.Healwaysthinks______hecandobetter.（how,who）5.Ireallydon'tknow________thebridgewillbefinished.（howlong,howsoon）6.Theydon'tknow_______togoorwait.（if,whether）7.Wearetalkingabout______we’llgobacktomorrow.（whether,if）8.Iwasreallysurprisedat______Isaw.（where,what）9.Idon'tknow____somanypeoplearelookingathim.（how,why）10.Doyouknow______youarestudyingfor?（why,what）四、句型轉(zhuǎn)換。1.“Doyouwanttotryit?”Tom'smotheraskedhim.（同義句）→Tom'smotheraskedhim____________________totryit.2.Ithinkthisisagoodidea.（改為否定句）→I_______________this________agoodidea.3.Lucyhasn'tdecidedwhichtrousers