攻城獅實驗手冊40個

攻城 #^_^# 歸原作者所 本資料供試Release1.0 P的實驗，因為在那二部實驗手冊里，對原理Yeslab-LearningonRS&ISPQQ:攻城獅(技術(shù)+生活)實驗第一部分基本配 實驗第二部分靜態(tài)路 實驗第三部分RIP協(xié) 實驗3.1配置 實驗3.2配置RIP手動匯 實驗3.3配置RIP明文與MD5認(rèn) 實驗3.4配置RIP的抑制接 實驗3.5配置RIPV1與V2兼 實驗第四部分OSPF協(xié) 實驗4.1單區(qū)域的 實驗4.2控制DR/BDR的舉，觀察鄰居狀態(tài)變 實驗4.3配置接口的網(wǎng)絡(luò)類 實驗4.4修改OSPF接口的COST 實驗4.5配置OSPF的接 實驗4.6配置多區(qū)域的 實驗4.7修改OSPF的參考帶寬值 實驗4.8引入外部路由（重分布 實驗4.9匯總OSPF路 實驗4.11修改OSPF路由的優(yōu)先 實驗4.12配置OSPF的stub區(qū) 實驗4.13配置AREA2為NSSA區(qū) 歸原作者所有歸原作者所有實驗4.14配置區(qū)域間的路由過 實驗4.15OSPF故障排 實驗4.16OSPF的虛鏈 實驗4.17在FR環(huán)境中配置 實驗4.18修改OSPF的網(wǎng)絡(luò)類型為點到多 實驗4.19點到點的子接口運行 實驗第五部分BGP協(xié) 實驗第6部分交 實驗6.2配置 實驗6.3hybrid接 實驗6.4hybrid端口另一個實 實驗6.5復(fù)雜的hybrid端口實 實驗6.6 實驗6.7MUX 實驗6.8 實驗6.9快速生成樹 實驗6.10MSTP的配 實驗6.11配置根防 實驗6.12 攻城獅(技術(shù)+生活) Entersystemview,returnuserviewwith 攻城獅(技術(shù)+生活)攻城獅 歸原作者所有本資料試 -Ethernet0/0/0]quit//退出命令 ]sysnameyeslab5console net攻城獅(技術(shù)+生活)[R2-ui-vty0-4]userprivilegelevel3[R2]user-interfacevty04//進(jìn) Thecurrentconfigurationwillbewrittentothedevice.Areyousuretocontinue?[Y/N]yWarning:Theactionwilldeletethesavedconfigurationinthedevice.Theconfigurationwillbeerasedtoreconfigure.Continue?[Y/N]:y [R1]interface[R1-Ethernet0/0/0]undoshutdown[R2]interface[R1]disyinterfaceEthernet0/0/0Ethernet0/0/0currentstate:UPLineprotocolcurrentstate:UPLastlineprotocoluptime:2013-05-1411:47:52UTC-08:00RoutePort,The umTransmitUnitis1500InternetAddressis12.1.1.1/24IPSendingFrames'FormatisPKTFMT_ETHNT_2,Hardwareaddressis5489-9897-Lastphysicaluptime:2013-05-1411:42:05UTC-08:00Lastphysicaldowntime:2013-05-1411:42:02UTC-08:00Currentsystemtime:2013-05-1411:53:16-08:00Hardwareaddressis5489-9897-8142Last300secondsinputrate3bytes/sec,0Last300secondsoutputrate3bytes/sec,0Input:1040bytes,11Output:1040bytes,11packetsUnicast:10packets,Multicast:0Broadcast:1packetsUnicast:11packets,Multicast:0Broadcast:0Inputbandwidthutilization: Outputbandwidthutilization [R1]12.1.1.2:56databytes,pressCTRL_CtoReplyfrom12.1.1.2:bytes=56Sequence=1ttl=255time=60msReplyfrom12.1.1.2:bytes=56Sequence=2ttl=255time=40msReplyfrom12.1.1.2:bytes=56Sequence=3ttl=255time=10msReplyfrom12.1.1.2:bytes=56Sequence=4ttl=255time=50msReplyfrom12.1.1.2:bytes=56Sequence=5ttl=255time=30ms---12.1.1.2statistics---5packet(s)transmitted5packet(s)0.00%packetround-tripmin/avg/max=10/38/60tracert命令的執(zhí)行過程：首先發(fā)送一個TTL為1的數(shù)據(jù)包，因此第一跳發(fā)送回一個ICMP錯誤消息以指明此數(shù)據(jù)包不能被發(fā)送（因為TTL超時），之后此數(shù)據(jù)包被重新發(fā)送，TTL2TTL些過程的目的是記錄每一個ICMPTTLIP地所經(jīng)歷的路徑。當(dāng)用命令測試發(fā)現(xiàn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)出現(xiàn)故障后，可以用tracert測試網(wǎng)絡(luò)何處有故障。tracert命令的輸出信息包括到達(dá)目的地所有網(wǎng)關(guān)的IP地址，如果某網(wǎng)關(guān)超tracerouteto12.1.1.2(12.1.1.2),maxhops:30,packetlength:40,pressCTRL_Cto112.1.1.230ms50ms30于0小于最大TTL，first-TTL缺省為1；大于初始TTL，max-TTL缺省為30；的探測數(shù)據(jù)包的個數(shù)，它的范圍是大于0；nqueries缺省為3；的超時時間，單位為秒，它的范圍是大于0；timeout缺省為5s；[R1-Ethernet0/0/0]disyiproutingRouteFlags:R-relay,D-downloadtofibRoutingTables:Destinations: Routes: ProtoPreCost FlagsNextHop 12.1.1.0/24Direct0 D12.1.1.1 12.1.1.1/32Direct D 127.0.0.0/8Direct D 127.0.0.1/32Direct D 攻城獅 歸原作者所有本資料試 ]sysnameR1[R1-Ethernet0/0/0]ipaddress12.1.1.1255.255.255.0[R1-Ethernet0/0/0]undoshutdown ]sysnameR2[R2-Ethernet0/0/0]ipaddress12.1.1.2255.255.255.0[R2-Ethernet0/0/0]undoshutdown[R2-Ethernet0/0/1]ipadd[R2-Ethernet0/0/1]ipaddress23.1.1.2255.255.255.0[R2-Ethernet0/0/1]undoshutdown [R3-Ethernet0/0/0]ipaddress23.1.1.3255.255.255.0[R3-Ethernet0/0/0]undoshutdown12.1.1.1:56databytes,pressCTRL_CtoReplyfrom12.1.1.1:bytes=56Sequence=1ttl=255time=160msReplyfrom12.1.1.1:bytes=56Sequence=2ttl=255time=20msReplyfrom12.1.1.1:bytes=56Sequence=3ttl=255time=10msReplyfrom12.1.1.1:bytes=56Sequence=4ttl=255time=30msReplyfrom12.1.1.1:bytes=56Sequence=5ttl=255time=40ms---12.1.1.1statistics---5packet(s)transmitted5packet(s)0.00%packet攻城獅(技術(shù)+生活)23.1.1.3:23.1.1.3:56databytes,pressCTRL_Cto歸原作者所有歸原作者所有Replyfrom23.1.1.3:bytes=56Sequence=1ttl=255time=50msReplyfrom23.1.1.3:bytes=56Sequence=2ttl=255time=50msReplyfrom23.1.1.3:bytes=56Sequence=3ttl=255time=50msReplyfrom23.1.1.3:bytes=56Sequence=4ttl=255time=30msReplyfrom23.1.1.3:bytes=56Sequence=5ttl=255time=30ms---23.1.1.3statistics---5packet(s)transmitted5packet(s)0.00%packetround-tripmin/avg/max=30/42/5023.1.1.3:56databytes,pressCTRL_CtobreakRequesttimeout[R1]23.1.1.3:56databytes,pressCTRL_CtoReplyfrom23.1.1.3:bytes=56Sequence=1ttl=254time=80msReplyfrom23.1.1.3:bytes=56Sequence=2ttl=254time=70msReplyfrom23.1.1.3:bytes=56Sequence=3ttl=254time=60msReplyfrom23.1.1.3:bytes=56Sequence=4ttl=254time=40msReplyfrom23.1.1.3:bytes=56Sequence=5ttl=254time=50ms---23.1.1.3statistics---5packet(s)transmitted5packet(s)0.00%packetround-tripmin/avg/max=40/60/80[R1]disyipRouteFlags:R-relay,D-downloadtoRoutingTables:Destinations: Routes: ProtoPreCost FlagsNextHop 12.1.1.0/24Direct0 D12.1.1.1 12.1.1.1/32Direct D 23.1.1.0/24Static10 RD 127.0.0.0/8Direct D 127.0.0.1/32Direct D RIPRIPv2RIPv1攻城 #^_^# 歸原作者所 本資料供試[R1]rip [R1-rip-1]version2 //確定RIP的版本[R1-rip-1]undosummary//關(guān)閉自動匯總[R1-rip-1]network11.0.0.0//主類網(wǎng)段[R2]rip[R2-rip-1]undosummary攻城獅(技術(shù)+生活)[R3]rip[R3]rip[R3-rip-1]undosummary[R3-rip-1]network23.0.0.0攻城 #^_^# 歸原作者所 本資料供試[R1]disyipRouteFlags:R-relay,D-downloadtoRoutingTables:Destinations: Routes: ProtoPreCost FlagsNextHop 11.1.1.0/24Direct0 D11.1.1.1 11.1.1.1/32Direct D 12.1.1.0/24Direct D 12.1.1.1/32Direct D 22.1.1.0/24 100 D 23.1.1.0/24 100 D 33.1.1.0/24 100 D 127.0.0.0/8Direct D 127.0.0.1/32Direct0 D [R1]33.1.1.1ip-33.1.1.1:56databytes,pressCTRL_CtoReplyfrom33.1.1.1:bytes=56Sequence=1ttl=254time=50msReplyfrom33.1.1.1:bytes=56Sequence=2ttl=254time=60msReplyfrom33.1.1.1:bytes=56Sequence=3ttl=254time=30msReplyfrom33.1.1.1:bytes=56Sequence=4ttl=254time=70msReplyfrom33.1.1.1:bytes=56Sequence=5ttl=254time=60ms---33.1.1.1statistics---5packet(s)transmitted5packet(s)0.00%packet用環(huán)回 攻城獅(技術(shù)+生活)攻城 #^_^# 歸原作者所 本資料供試[R1]-a11.1.1.133.1.1.1:56databytes,pressCTRL_CtoReplyfrom33.1.1.1:bytes=56Sequence=1ttl=254time=40msReplyfrom33.1.1.1:bytes=56Sequence=2ttl=254time=50msReplyfrom33.1.1.1:bytes=56Sequence=3ttl=254time=60msReplyfrom33.1.1.1:bytes=56Sequence=4ttl=254time=20msReplyfrom33.1.1.1:bytes=56Sequence=5ttl=254time=40ms---33.1.1.1statistics---5packet(s)transmitted5packet(s)0.00%packetround-tripmin/avg/max=20/42/60攻城獅(技術(shù)+生活) yiproutingprotocol ProtoPre Flags1D1D2D2D2D[R1]disyiproutingprotocol ProtoPreCost FlagsNextHop 22.1.1.0/24 100 D 23.1.1.0/24 100 D 33.1.0.0/22 100 D R1RIPshutdownR1R2[R1]interfaceEthernet0/0/0[R1]disyiprouting-tableprotocol[R2]disyiprouting-table[R2]disyiprouting-tableprotocol ProtoPreCost FlagsNextHop 33.1.1.0/24 100 D 33.1.2.0/24 100 D 1./100 D <R1>debuggingrip1May14201319:44:19.970.3-08:00R1RIP/7/DBG:6:12371:Authentication-mode-Simple:May14201319:44:19.250.8-08:00R1RIP/7/DBG:6:11386:RIP1:AuthenticationR2RIP<R1>disyiproutingprotocol ProtoPreCost FlagsNextHop 22.1.1.0/24 100 D 23.1.1.0/24 100 D 33.1.0.0/22 100 D R2R3RIP的MD5[R2]disyiprouting-tableprotocol11.1.1.0/24 100 D <R2>debuggingrip1<R2>debuggingrip1May14201319:53:13.0.3-08:00R2RIP/7/DBG:6:12407:Authentication-mode-MD5Digest:May14201319:53:12.610.6-08:00R2RIP/7/DBG:6:11386:RIP1:AuthenticationMay14201319:53:12.610.7-08:00R2RIP/7/DBG:6:1676:RIP1:Processmessage[R2]disyiprouting-tableprotocol ProtoPre Flags 11.1.1.0/24 100 D 33.1.1.0/24 100 D 33.1.2.0/24 100 D 33.1.3.0/24 100 D 此命令與CISCO的（passive）接口一樣效果[R2]rip<R1>disyiproutingprotocol[R2]disyiproutingprotocol ProtoPreCost FlagsNextHop 11.1.1.0/24 100 D 33.1.1.0/24 100 D 33.1.2.0/24 100 D 33.1.3.0/24 100 D 攻城 #^_^# 歸原作者所 本資料供試[R3]ripRIP的V1[R3]rip[R2]disyiproutingprotocol ProtoPre Flags 11.1.1.0/24 100 D [R3]disyiprouting[R3]disyiproutingprotocol再去查看debug消息：<R3>debuggingrip1May14201320:04:07.150.1-08:00R3RIP/7/DBG:6:12227:RIP1:Sendingresponseoninterfacefrom23.1.1.3to攻城獅(技術(shù)+生活)May14201320:40:03.440.2-08:00R3RIP/7/DBG:6:12247:Packet:Version1,Cmdresponse,LengthMay14201320:04:21.290.2-08:00R3RIP/7/DBG:6:12236:RIP1:Receiveresponsefrom23.1.1.2onMay14201320:04:21.290.3-08:00R3RIP/7/DBG:6:12247:Packet:Version2,Cmdresponse,LengthMay14201320:40:53.370.9-08:00R3RIP/7/DBG:6:2500:RIP1:Ignoringpacket.Thisversionisnot[R2]interfaceEthernet0/0/1[R2-Ethernet0/0/1]ripversion1[R2]disyiproutingprotocol ProtoPreCost FlagsNextHop 11.1.1.0/24RIP 1001 D12.1.1.1 33.0.0.0/8 100 D R3<R3>disyiproutingprotocol ProtoPreCost FlagsNextHop 11.0.0.0/8RIP 1002 D23.1.1.2 12.0.0.0/8 100 D 22.0.0.0/8 100 D 實驗第四部分OSPF掌握單區(qū)域OSPF的配置方法掌握OSPF修改OSPFLoopback32掌握對OSPF接口代價值進(jìn)行修改的方法掌握OSPF中Silent-interface[R1]ospf1router-id11.1.1.1 //配置OSPF的進(jìn)程號以及route-ID[R1-ospf-1]area0 //進(jìn)入到區(qū)域0里面。 //基于區(qū)域的[R2]ospf1router-id[R3]ospf1router-id[R1]disyiproutingprotocol ProtoPreCost FlagsNextHop 22.1.1.1/32OSPF 101 D12.1.1.2 23.1.1.0/24 10 D 33.1.1.1/32 10 D yip yiproutingprotocol ProtoPreCost FlagsNextHop 11.1.1.1/32OSPF 101 D12.1.1.1 33.1.1.1/32 10 D [R3]disyiproutingprotocol ProtoPreCost FlagsNextHop 11.1.1.1/32OSPF 102 D23.1.1.2 12.1.1.0/24 10 D 22.1.1.1/32 10 D 使用disyospfbrief命令查看OSPF運行的基本信息[R1]disyospfArea: (MPLSTEnotAuthtype:MD5Areaflag: SPFscheduledCount:8Router state:Interface12.1.1.1Ethernet0/0/0)//Cost: State: Type: MTU:Priority:DesignatedRouter:12.1.1.1BackupDesignatedRouter:12.1.1.2 o10,Dead40,Poll120,Retransmit5,TransmitDelayCost: Type: MTU: o10,Dead40,Poll120,Retransmit5,TransmitDelay[R1]disyospfpeerOSPFProcess1withRouterID11.1.1.1PeerStatisticInformationArea Neighbor OSPFProcess1withRouterOSPFProcess1withRouterID11.1.1.1LinkStateDatabaseArea: LinkStateID AgeLenSequenceMetric 66848 668 726 Network 668 w11.L7CIS 別。[R1]disyospflsdbrouterOSPFProcess1withRouterID11.1.1.1Area:0.0.0.0LinkState :攻城 #^_^# 歸原作者所 本資料供試Ls :Advrtr:33.1.1.1Lsage:694 Options:Echksum:Linkcount:*LinkID:Data:Metric:0Priority:*LinkID:23.1.1.2Data:23.1.1.3LinkType:TransNetMetric:1看OSPF的講解。攻城獅(技術(shù)+生活)Retranstimerinterval:5Neighborisupfor00:28:53AuthenticationRetranstimerinterval:5Neighborisupfor00:28:53AuthenticationSequence:[2472] yospfOSPFProcess1withRouterID11.1.1.1RouterID:22.1.1.1 Address:12.1.1.2State:FullMode:NbrisMasterPriority:DR:12.1.1.1BDR:12.1.1.2MTU:Deadtimerduein37R1為DR。但在這里DR/BDR<R1>debuggingospf1May16201317:43:39-08:00R1%%01PHY/1/PHY(l)[0]:Ethernet0/0/0:changestatustoMay16201317:43:39-08:00R1%%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:ThelineprotocolIPontheinterfaceEthernet0/0/0hasenteredtheUPstate.May16201317:43:39-08:00R1%%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[2]:Neighborchangesevent:neighborstatuschanged.(Proce=1,NeighborAddress=12.1.1.2,NeighborEvent=oReceived,NeighborPreviousState=Down,NeighborCurrentState=Init)May16201317:43:48-08:00R1DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.25.191.3.1configurationshavebeenchanged.Thecurrentchangenumberis23,thechangeloopcountis0,andtheumnumberofrecordsis4095.May16201317:43:58-08:00R1%%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[3]:Neighborchangesevent:neighborstatuschanged.(Proce=1,NeighborAddress=12.1.1.2,NeighborEvent=2WayReceived,NeighborPreviousState=Init,NeighborCurrentState=2Way)May16201317:44:20-08:00R1%%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[4]:Neighborchangesevent:neighborstatuschanged.(Proce=1,NeighborAddress=12.1.1.2,NeighborEvent=AdjOk?,NeighborPreviousState=2Way,NeighborCurrentState=ExStart)May16201317:44:25-08:00R1%%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[5]:Neighborchangesevent:neighborstatuschanged.(Proce=1,NeighborAddress=12.1.1.2,NeighborEvent=NegotiationDone,NeighborPreviousState=ExStart,NeighborCurrentState=Exchange)May16201317:44:25-08:00R1%%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[6]:Neighborchangesevent:neighborstatuschanged.(Proce=1,NeighborAddress=12.1.1.2,NeighborEvent=ExchangeDone,NeighborPreviousState=Exchange,NeighborCurrentState=Loading)May16201317:44:25-08:00R1%%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[7]:Neighborchangesevent:neighborstatuschanged.(Proce=1,NeighborAddress=12.1.1.2,NeighborEvent=LoadingDone,NeighborPreviousState=Loading,NeighborCurrentState=Full)[R2]disyospfOSPFProcess1withRouterID22.1.1.1Area0.0.0.0interface12.1.1.2(Ethernet0/0/0)'sneighborsRouterID:11.1.1.1 Address:12.1.1.1State:FullMode:NbrisSlavePriority:10DR:12.1.1.1BDR:12.1.1.2MTU:0Deadtimerduein37secRetranstimerinterval:5Neighborisupfor00:02:36AuthenticationSequence:[8265]4.3[R1]disyiproutingprotocol ProtoPreCost FlagsNextHop 22.1.1.1/32OSPF 101 D12.1.1.2 23.1.1.0/24 10 D 33.1.1.1/32 10 D [R2]disyospfinterfaceLoopBackOSPFProcess1withRouterID22.1.1.1Cost: Type: MTU: o10,Dead40,Poll120,Retransmit5,TransmitDelay但是結(jié)局都是一樣的，都是似送32位主機(jī)路由。[R1]disyiproutingprotocol ProtoPreCost FlagsNextHop 22.1.1.0/24OSPF 101 D12.1.1.2 23.1.1.0/24 10 D 33.1.1.1/32 10 D [R1]disyiproutingprotocol ProtoPreCost FlagsNextHop 22.1.1.0/24OSPF 10100 D12.1.1.2 23.1.1.0/24 10 D 33.1.1.1/32 10 D OSPF的接口與RIP是不一樣的，不再是只收不發(fā)，而是不收也不發(fā)任何OSPF的報[R1]disyospfpeer[R1-ospf-1]undosilent-interfaceEthernet0/0/0[R1-ospf-1]silent-interfaceLoopBack1[R2]disyiproutingprotocol ProtoPre Flags 11.1.1.1/32 10 D 33.1.1.1/32 10 D 攻城 #^_^# 歸原作者所 本資料供試1IP[R1]ospf1router-id[R2]ospf1router-id[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network23.1.1.20.0.0.0[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network12.1.1.2 [R3]ospf1router-id[R4]ospf1router-id[R1]disyiproutingprotocol ProtoPre Flags 在實際網(wǎng)絡(luò)我們可能使用了千兆甚至萬兆以太網(wǎng)。但是由于OSPF的默認(rèn)參考帶寬值為Info:ReferenceInfo:Referencebandwidthischanged.Pleaseensurethatthereferencebandwidththatisconfiguredfortheroutersarethe[R1-ospf-1]disyiproutingprotocol ProtoPre Flags 10 D 10 D 10 D 10 D 10 D 再去查看一下多區(qū)域的OSPFLSAOSPFLSDB[R1]disyospfArea: LinkStateID AgeLenSequenceMetric 63948 640 640 Sum-Net 548 Sum-Net 651 Sum-Net 599 Sum-Net 586 //由于是多區(qū)域的OSPF，看到三類的LSA，sum-net的LSA。用來描述區(qū)域間的4.8引入外部路由（重分布然后把這些直連的路由重分布進(jìn) BorderGatewayProtocol(BGP)routesdirectConnectedroutes IntermediateSystemtoIntermediateSystem(IS-IS)routeslimitLimitthenumberofroutesimportedintoOSPF OpenShortestPathFirst(OSPF)routes RoutingInformationProtocol(RIP)routesstaticStaticroutes UserNetwork ProtoPreCost FlagsNextHop 22.1.1.1/32OSPF 1010 D ProtoPreCost FlagsNextHop 22.1.1.1/32OSPF 1010 D12.1.1.2 23.1.1.0/24 10 D 33.1.1.1/32 10 D 34.1.1.0/24 10 D 44.1.0.0/24O_ASE150 D 44.1.1.0/24O_ASE150 D 44.1.1.1/32 10 D 44.1.2.0/24O_ASE150 D 44.1.3.0/24O_ASE150 D [R3-LoopBack0]ospfenable1area2//也支持接口下的到area2里面進(jìn)行：[R1]disyiproutingprotocol ProtoPreCost FlagsNextHop 22.1.1.1/32OSPF 1010 D12.1.1.2 23.1.1.0/24 10 D 33.1.0.0/22 10 D 34.1.1.0/24 10 D 44.1.0.0/24O_ASE150 D 44.1.1.0/24O_ASE150 D 44.1.1.1/32 10 D 44.1.2.0/24O_ASE150 D 44.1.3.0/24O_ASE150 D R1[R1]disyiproutingprotocol ProtoPreCost FlagsNextHop 22.1.1.1/32OSPF 1010 D12.1.1.2 23.1.1.0/24 10 D 33.1.0.0/22 10 D 34.1.1.0/24 10 D 44.1.0.0/22O_ASE150 D D 在R4上：[R1]disyiproutingprotocol ProtoPreCost FlagsNextHop 0.0.0.0/0O_ASE1501 D12.1.1.2 22.1.1.1/32 10 D 23.1.1.0/24 10 D 33.1.0.0/22 10 D 34.1.1.0/24 10 D 44.1.0.0/22O_ASE150 D 44.1.1.1/32 10 D 類的 [R1-ospf-1]preferencease50[R1]disyiprouting-tableprotocol ProtoPreCost FlagsNextHop 0.0.0.0/0O_ASE 501 D12.1.1.2 22.1.1.1/32 20 D 23.1.1.0/24 20 D 33.1.0.0/22 20 D 34.1.1.0/24 20 D 44.1.0.0/22O_ASE50 D 44.1.1.1/32 20 D [R1]disyiproutingprotocol ProtoPreCost FlagsNextHop 0.0.0.0/0OSPF 2011 D12.1.1.2 22.1.1.1/32 20 D 23.1.1.0/24 20 D 33.1.0.0/22 20 D 34.1.1.0/24 20 D 44.1.1.1/32 20 D 由R2產(chǎn)生了一條區(qū)域內(nèi)的默認(rèn)。[R1]disyiproutingprotocol ProtoPreCost FlagsNextHop D12.1.1.2 D 的路由，用7類的LSA來表示：[R4]disyiprouting-tableprotocol ProtoPreCost FlagsNextHop 0.0.0.0/0 150 D 11.1.1.1/32 10 D 12.1.1.0/24 10 D 22.1.1.1/32 10 D 23.1.1.0/24 10 D 33.1.0.1/32 10 D 33.1.1.1/32 10 D 33.1.2.1/32 10 D 33.1.3.1/32 10 D [R4]disyiprouting-tableprotocol ProtoPreCost FlagsNextHop D34.1.1.3 D D D D 先寫ACL去掉不想要的路由，放過其它的所有。[R2]aclnumber [R2]ospf[R3]disyiprouting-tableprotocol[R3]disyiprouting-tableprotocol12.1.1.0/24 10 D 22.1.1.1/32 10 D 44.1.0.0/22O_NSSA150 D 44.1.1.1/32 10 D [R1-LoopBack1]ospfenable1area[R3]disyiprouting-tableprotocol11.1.2.1/32 10 D 12.1.1.0/24 10 D 22.1.1.1/32 10 D 44.1.0.0/22O_NSSA150 D 41.4.15OSPF R1R2在R2上修改route-ID,和R1的一致：[R2]ospf1router-idInfo:Theconfigurationsucceeded.YouneedtorestarttheOSPFprocesstovalidatethenewrouter<R2>resetospfWarning:TheOSPFprocesswillbereset.Continue?[R1]disyospfpeer<R1>resetospf<R1>resetospf <R1>disyospf Generalpacket :IP:receivedmyown :Bad :Bad :Bad :Badarea :Droponunnumbered :Badvirtual :Badauthentication :Badauthentication :Packettoo :Packetsize>ip :Transmit :Interface :Unknown:Badnet :Externoption:Routerid<R1>debugging<R1>debuggingospfeventMay17201319:17:03-R1%%01OSPF/4/ _ROUTERID_INTF(l)[0]:OSPFRouterid isdetectedoninterface. =1,RouterId=11.1.1.1,AreaId=0.0.0.1,InterfaceName=Ethernet0/0/0,IpAddr=12.1.1.1,//以上信息的紅色部分可以很清楚的表明出錯的接口與鄰居的IP[R2]ospf1router-id<R2>resetospfWarning:TheOSPFprocesswillbereset.Continue?[R1]disyospfpeerOSPFProcess1withRouterID11.1.1.1PeerStatisticInformationArea Neighbor [R2]ospf[R2-ospf-1]area[R1]disyospfpeer[R1]disy[R1]disyospfGeneralpacket :IP:receivedmyown :Bad :Bad :Bad :Badarea :Droponunnumbered :Badvirtual :Badauthentication :Badauthentication :Packettoo :Packetsize>ip :Transmit :Interface :Unknown :Badnet :Externoption :Routerid[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]undonetwork12.1.1.20.0.0.0[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]undonetwork12.1.1.20.0.0.0[R1]disyospfpeerbrief[R1]disyospferrorGeneralpacketerrors: :IP:receivedmyown :Bad :Bad :Bad :Badarea :Droponunnumbered :Badvirtual :Badauthentication :Badauthentication :Packettoo :Packetsize>ip :Transmit :Interface :Unknown :Badnet :Externoption :RouteridconfusionOpacketerrors: :Netmask otimer :Deadtimer :Virtualneighbor :NBMAneighbor :InvalidSource<R1>debuggingospf May17201319:39:20.750.2-08:00R1RM/6/RMDEBUG:SourceAddress:May17201319:39:20.750.3-08:00R1RM/6/RMDEBUG:DestinationAddress:May17201319:39:20.750.4-08:00R1RM/6/RMDEBUG:Ver#2,Type:1(May17201319:39:20.750.5-08:00R1RM/6/RMDEBUG:Length:44,Router:May17201319:39:20.750.6-08:00R1RM/6/RMDEBUG:Area:0.0.0.1,Chksum:May17201319:39:20.750.7-08:00R1RM/6/RMDEBUG:AuType:May17201319:39:20.750.8-08:00R1RM/6/RMDEBUG:Key(ascii):0000000May17201319:39:20.750.9-08:00R1RM/6/RMDEBUG:NetMask:May17201319:39:20.750.10-08:00R1 oInt:10,May17201319:39:20.750.11-08:00R1RM/6/RMDEBUG:RtrPriority:1,DeadInt:May17201319:39:20.750.12-08:00R1RM/6/RMDEBUG:DR:May17201319:39:20.750.13-08:00R1RM/6/RMDEBUG:BDR:May17201319:39:20.750.14-08:00R1RM/6/RMDEBUG:#AttachedNeighbors:May17201319:39:20.750.15-08:00R1 o時間不一 o<R1>disyospferrorGeneralpacketerrors: :IP:receivedmyown :Bad :Bad :Bad :Badarea :Droponunnumbered :Badvirtual :Badauthentication :Badauthentication :Packettoo :Packetsize>ip :Transmit :Interface :Unknown :Badnet :Externoption :RouteridOpacket :Netmask otimer :Deadtimer :Virtualneighbor :NBMAneighbor :InvalidSource [R1]disyospferror :IP:receivedmyown 301:Bad :Bad :Bad :Badarea :Droponunnumbered :Badvirtual :Badauthentication :Badauthentication :Packettoo :Packetsize>ip :Transmit :Interface :Unknown :Badnet :Externoption :Routerid4.16OSPF如圖所示。Area2沒有與area0相連接。也就是說area2是沒有ABR。R3雖然連接了AREA1AREA2ABR，并不會把區(qū)域間學(xué)到的路由引入到另一[R1]ospf1router-id[R3]ospf1router-id[R4]ospf1router-id[R2]disyospfpeerOSPFProcess1withRouterID22.1.1.1PeerStatisticInformationArea Neighbor yospf yospfpeerOSPFProcess1withRouterIDPeerStatisticArea Neighbor 再分別到R1與R4上查看路由表：[R1]disyiprouting-tableprotocol ProtoPre Flags 22.1.1.1/32 10 D 23.1.1.0/24 10 D 33.1.1.1/32 10 D [R4]disyiprouting-tableprotocol如上所述，由于R3ABRarea2R4area1，也不會把從area1學(xué)到的路由告訴area2.的route-ID,不能隨意的變動。攻城 #^_^# 歸原作者所 本資料供試[R2]disyospfOSPFProcess1withRouterID22.1.1.1VirtualLinksVirtual-linkNeighbor-id->33.1.1.1,Neighbor-State:FullInterface:23.1.1.2(Ethernet0/0/1)Cost:1State:P-2-PType:VirtualTransitArea:0.0.0.1 o10,Dead40,Retransmit5,TransmitDelayR1R4[R1]disyiprouting-tableprotocol ProtoPreCost FlagsNextHop 22.1.1.1/32OSPF 101 D12.1.1.2 23.1.1.0/24 10 D 33.1.1.1/32 10 D 34.1.1.0/24 10 D 44.1.1.1/32 10 D [R4]disyiprouting-tableprotocol ProtoPreCost FlagsNextHop 11.1.1.1/32OSPF 103 D34.1.1.3 12.1.1.0/24 10 D 22.1.1.1/32 10 D 23.1.1.0/24 10 D 33.1.1.1/32 10 D R4攻城獅(技術(shù)+生活)[R4]disyospflsdb LinkStateAgeLenSequence 1642 118 Network1642 Sum-Net118 Sum-Net118 Sum-Net118 Sum-Net118 Sum-Net118 [R3]disyospfOSPFProcess1withRouterID33.1.1.1VirtualLinksVirtual-linkNeighbor-id->22.1.1.1,Neighbor-State:DownInterface:23.1.1.3(Ethernet0/0/0)Cost:1State:P-2-PType:VirtualTransitArea:0.0.0.1 o10,Dead40,Retransmit5,TransmitDelay[R3]disyospfOSPFProcess1withRouterID33.1.1.1OSPFerrorstatisticsGeneralpacket :IP:receivedmyown :Bad :Bad :Bad :Badarea :Droponunnumbered :Badvirtual :Badauthentication :Badauthentication :Packettoo :Packetsize>ip :Transmit :Interface :Unknown :Badnet :Externoption[R3]disyospfv[R3]disyospfvlinkOSPFProcess1withRouterID33.1.1.1VirtualLinksVirtual-linkNeighbor-id->22.1.1.1,Neighbor-State:FullInterface:23.1.1.3(Ethernet0/0/0)Cost:1State:P-2-PType:VirtualTransitArea:0.0.0.1 o10,Dead40,Retransmit5,TransmitDelayFRP2MP[R1-Serial0/0/0]link-protocolfrietf WarningTheencapsulationprotocolofthelinkwillbechanged.[R1-Serial0/0/0]undofrinarp [R1-Serial0/0/0]ipadd123.1.1.1255.255.255.0[R1-Serial0/0/0]frmapip123.1.1.2102broadcast [R1-Serial0/0/0]frmapip123.1.1.3103broadcast[R2-Serial0/0/0]undofrinarp[R3-Serial0/0/0]undofrinarp123.1.1.3:56databytes,pressCTRL_CtoReplyfrom123.1.1.3:bytes=56Sequence=1ttl=255time=20msReplyfrom123.1.1.3:bytes=56Sequence=2ttl=255time=10msReplyfrom123.1.1.3:bytes=56Sequence=3ttl=255time=50msReplyfrom123.1.1.3:bytes=56Sequence=4ttl=255time=20msReplyfrom123.1.1.3:bytes=56Sequence=5ttl=255time=30ms123.1.1.2:56databytes,pressCTRL_CtoReplyfrom123.1.1.2:bytes=56Sequence=1ttl=255time=60msReplyfrom123.1.1.2:bytes=56Sequence=2ttl=255time=30msReplyfrom123.1.1.2:bytes=56Sequence=3ttl=255time=60msReplyfrom123.1.1.2:bytes=56Sequence=4ttl=255time=20msReplyfrom123.1.1.2:bytes=56Sequence=5ttl=255time=40msDLCI=102,IP123.1.1.2,createtime=2013/05/2019:52:16,status=ACTIVEencapsulation=ietf,vlink=1,broadcastDLCI=103,IP123.1.1.3,createtime=2013/05/2019:52:21,status=encapsulation=ietf,vlink=2,DLCI=201,IP123.1.1.1,createtime=2013/05/2019:53:24,status=encapsulation=ietf,vlink=1,DLCI=301,IP123.1.1.1,createtime=2013/05/2019:54:07,status=encapsulation=ietf,vlink=1,接著配置[R1]ospf1router-id[R2]ospf1router-id[R3]ospf1router-id去查看接口的OSPF[R2]disyospfinterfaceSerialOSPFProcess1withRouterID22.1.1.1Cost:1562 State:DROther Type:NBMA Priority:0 o30,Dead120,Poll120,Retransmit5,TransmitDelay[R1]disyospfpeerArea Neighbor 上，所以我們修改R2,R3的優(yōu)先集為0[R1]disyospfpeerOSPFProcess1withRouterID11.1.1.1PeerStatisticInformationArea Neighbor [R1]disy[R1]disyiprouting-tableprotocol ProtoPreCost FlagsNextHop 22.1.1.1/32OSPF 101562 D123.1.1.2 33.1.1.1/32 10 D [R2]disyiproutingprotocol ProtoPreCost FlagsNextHop 11.1.1.1/32OSPF 101562 D123.1.1.1 33.1.1.1/32 10 D [R3]disyiproutingprotocol ProtoPreCost FlagsNextHop 11.1.1.1/32OSPF 101562 D123.1.1.1 22.1.1.1/32 10 D [R2]-a22.1.1.133.1.1.1:56databytes,pressCTRL_CtobreakRequesttimeoutRequesttimeoutRequesttimeoutRequesttimeoutRequesttimeout//結(jié)果是有路由，但是不通，原因很簡單，沒有二層的映射關(guān)系，分別到R2與R3[R2]-a22.1.1.133.1.1.1:56databytes,pressCTRL_CtoReplyfrom33.1.1.1:bytes=56Sequence=1ttl=254time=100msReplyfrom33.1.1.1:bytes=56Sequence=2ttl=254time=30msReplyfrom33.1.1.1:bytes=56Sequence=3ttl=254time=70msReplyfrom33.1.1.1:bytes=56Sequence=4ttl=254time=60msReplyfrom33.1.1.1:bytes=56Sequence=5ttl=254time=40ms[R1]disyospfOSPFProcess1withRouterID11.1.1.1Area0.0.0.0interface123.1.1.1(Serial0/0/0)'sneighborsRouterID:22.1.1.1 Address:123.1.1.2State:FullMode:NbrisMasterPriority:0DR:NoneBDR:NoneMTU:0Deadtimerduein112secRetranstimerinterval:5Neighborisupfor00:00:19AuthenticationSequence:[0][R2]disyospfinterface[R2]disyospfinterfaceSerialOSPFProcess1withRouterID22.1.1.1Cost: Type: MTU:// o30,Dead120,Poll120,Retransmit5,TransmitDelay用以上令可以修改OSPF的各種網(wǎng)絡(luò)類型，這里不再一一演示。明白網(wǎng)絡(luò)類型的意義，自己多修改OSPF的網(wǎng)絡(luò)類型。[R1-Serial0/0/0]link-protocolfr [R1-Serial0/0/0]undoshutdown [R1-Serial0/0/0.13]ipaddress13.1.1.1255.255.255.0[R1-Serial0/0/0.13]undoshutdown[R2-Serial0/0/0]link-protocolfr[R2]interfaceSerial0/0/0.12p2p[R2-Serial0/0/0.12]ipaddress12.1.1.2255.255.255.0[R2-Serial0/0/0.12]undoshutdown[R3-Serial0/0/0]link-protocolfr[R3]interfaceSerial0/0/0.13p2p[R3-Serial0/0/0.13]ipaddress13.1.1.3255.255.255.0[R3-Serial0/0/0.13]undoshutdown[R1]ospf1router-id[R2]ospf1router-id[R3]ospf1router-id然是NBMA,所以需要修改OSPF的網(wǎng)絡(luò)類型為點到點。[R1]disyospfinterfaceSerial0/0/0.12OSPFProcess1withRouterID11.1.1.1Cost:1562 State:Waiting Type:NBMA Priority:1DesignatedRouter:0.0.0.0BackupDesignatedRouter:0.0.0.0 o30,Dead120,Poll120,Retransmit5,TransmitDelay[R1-Serial0/0/0.12]ospfnetwork-typep2p[R1]