賓語從句講解及練習(xí)要點

初中英語語法賓語從句講解專項練習(xí)及答案賓語從句三注意時態(tài)語序引導(dǎo)詞主句一般現(xiàn)在時從句不需受限制主句一般過去時從句須用相應(yīng)時陳述句轉(zhuǎn)化that引一般疑問句用if/whether,特殊問句疑問詞引導(dǎo)詞后陳述式。一、基本講解1概念:在句中擔(dān)當(dāng)賓語的從句叫賓語從句。賓語從句可作謂語動詞的賓語，也可做介詞的賓語。eg,Hesaidhewasgoodatdrawing.(動詞賓語)HeaskshimhowlongMikehasbeendown.(動詞賓語)（了解）MissZhangisangryatwhatyousaid.(介詞賓語)2.連接詞(1).陳述句轉(zhuǎn)化成賓語從句時引導(dǎo)詞用that,口語中常常省略。e.g,Shetoldme(that)shewouldliketogowithus.(2)以whether或if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句,主要用來引導(dǎo)一般疑問句意思或選擇疑問句意思的賓語從句，從句同樣是陳述語序eg,Iwonderif/whetheryouhavetoldthenewtoLiLei.注意一般情況下whether和if可以互用但有些情況例外。當(dāng)從句做介詞的賓于是只用whether不用ifeg,Wearetalkingaboutwhetherwe'llgoonthepinic.b.引導(dǎo)詞與動詞不定式或not連用時只用whether.eg,Pleaseletmeknowwhattodonext.Couldyoutellmewhetherugoornot?c.if當(dāng)如果講時引導(dǎo)的是條件狀語從句這時不能用whether.(3).特殊疑問句轉(zhuǎn)化成賓語從句時引導(dǎo)詞用特殊疑問詞引導(dǎo)詞后要用陳述句語序。E.g.Couldyoutellmewhat'sthematter\wrongwithyou?特殊情況==當(dāng)doyouthink后接特殊疑問句轉(zhuǎn)化成賓語從句時句式結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)為引導(dǎo)詞doyouthink，用陳述句語序。3.賓語從句時態(tài)a.當(dāng)主句是一般現(xiàn)在時一般將來時或祈使句時從句不受主句的限制根據(jù)自身的需要選用相應(yīng)的時態(tài)。例如Doyouknowif/whetherhehasseenthefilm?2b.當(dāng)主句是一般過去時從句要用過去時的相應(yīng)時態(tài)。例如Ididn'tknowif/whetherhehadseenthefilm.注意當(dāng)主句是一般過去時而從句表示的是客觀真理自然現(xiàn)象科學(xué)原理格言等從句仍然要用一般現(xiàn)在時。例如Hesaidthattheearthmovesroundthesun.Theteachertoldusthatlighttravelsmuchfasterthansound.4.、人稱的變化和標(biāo)點的使用a.從句的主語如果是第一人稱變?yōu)橘e語從句則與主句的主語一致如果是第二人稱則與主句的賓語一致如果是第三人稱不用變化。如“MayIuseyourknife”Heaskedme.→Heaskedmeifhemightusemyknife.“Doyouknowhertelephonenumber”Heaskedme.→HeaskedmeifIknowhertelephonenumber.b.賓語從句的標(biāo)點均由主句決定。主句是陳述句用句號主句是疑問句用問號。如Whowillgiveusatalk?Idon?tknow.→Idon?tknowwhowillgiveusatalk.DoyouknowWheredoeshelive?→Doyouknowwherehelives?步驟：1、根據(jù)原句確定連接詞（that、if、whether、特殊疑問詞）2、調(diào)整語序（陳述句）3、根據(jù)主句確定時態(tài)4、人稱變化和標(biāo)點的使用二、賓語從句的轉(zhuǎn)化（了解）簡化賓語從句常用六法。1.2.當(dāng)主句謂語動詞是hopewishdecideforgetplanagree等且主句主語與從句主語相同時從句可簡化為不定式結(jié)構(gòu)。如Sheagreedthatshecouldhelpmewithmymaths.→Sheagreedtohelpmewithmymaths.2.當(dāng)主句的謂語動詞是know,learn,forget,remember,decide等后面帶特殊疑問句轉(zhuǎn)化的賓語時，主從句的主語也須一致這時從句可以簡化成“疑問詞不定式結(jié)構(gòu)”。例如Idon'tknowwhichsweaterIshouldbuy.→Idon'tknowwhichsweatertobuy.3.當(dāng)主句的謂語動詞是asktell,show,teach等后面帶雙賓語時從句的主語和間接賓語一致且從句是由特殊疑問句轉(zhuǎn)化來時從句可以轉(zhuǎn)化成“疑問詞不定式結(jié)構(gòu)”,或者在連代詞/副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句中當(dāng)從句主語與主句主語或間接賓語一致時賓語從句可簡化為“連接代詞/副詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。如→Couldyoutellmehowtogettothepark?4.當(dāng)主句謂語動詞是findseewatchhear等感官動詞時從句常簡化為“賓語賓補”結(jié)構(gòu)賓補為不帶to的不定式或V-ing形式。如Shefoundthatthewalletlay/waslyingontheground.→Shefoundthewalletlie/lyingontheground.初中英語賓語從句語法專項精選試題習(xí)題(一)（時態(tài)）1Thegirlsaskedifthey____somefoodanddrinkwiththem.A.tookB.takeC.takesD.willtake2Catherinesaidthatshe___toGuangzhou.A.hasnevergoneB.hadnevergoneC.hasneverbeenD.hadneverbeen3Thestudentswanttoknowwhetherthey___dictationtoday.A.hadB.has.C.willhaveD.are4SheaskedLindaif___goandgetsome.A.couldsheB.shecouldC.shecanD.shemay5Lindasaidthemoon___roundtheearth.A.travelledB.hastravelledC.travellsD.hadtravelled習(xí)題(二)（連接詞）1Canyoutellme___youwereborn,Betty被動語態(tài)專項練習(xí)（一）一、選擇題

()1._____anewlibrary_____inourschoollastyear?A.Is;builtB.Was;builtC.Does;buildD.Did;build()2.Anaccident____onthisroadlastweek.A.hasbeenhappenedB.washappenedC.ishappenedD.happened()3.Cotton（棉花）____inthesoutheastofChina.A.isgrownB.aregrownC.growsD.grow()4.Sofar,themoon____bymanalready.A.isvisitedB.willbevisitedC.hasbeenvisitedD.wasvisited

()5.AtalkonChinesehistory_____intheschoolhallnextweek.

A.isgivenB.hasbeengivenC.willbegivenD.gives

()6.Howmanytrees____thisyear?

A.areplantedB.willplantC.havebeenplantedD.planted

()7.Alotofthings____bypeopletosavethelittlegirlnow.

A.aredoingB.arebeingdoneC.hasbeendoneD.willbedone

()8.--When___thiskindofcomputers______?--Lastyear.

A.did;useB.was;usedC.is;usedD.are;used

()9.TheGreatWall____allovertheworld.

A.knowsB.knewC.isknownD.wasknown

()10.Who_____thisbook_____?

A.did;writtenB.was;writtenbyC.did;writtenD.was;written

()11.Astory_____byGrannyyesterday.

A.wastoldusB.wastoldtousC.istoldusD.toldus

()12.Themonkeywasseen_____offthetree.

A.jumpB.jumpsC.jumpedD.tojump

()13.Theschoolbag___behindthechair.

A.putsB.canbeputC.canbeputtedD.canput

()14.Olderpeople____well.

A.looksafterB.mustbelookedafterC.mustlookafterD.lookedafter

()15.Ourteacher______carefully.

A.shouldbelistenedtoB.shouldbelistenC.belistenedD.islistened

二、用括號內(nèi)所給動詞的正確形式填空。(請注意時態(tài)和語態(tài)兩個方面噢)1.It'ssaid(據(jù)說)thatthelongbridge______________（build）intwomonths．2.Wheretohavethemeeting______________（discuss）now．3.Whichlanguage_______themostwidely_______（speak）intheworld？4.Thelostboy_____________（notfind）sofar．5.Lastyearalargenumberoftrees______________（cut）down．6.Thestudents_____often_____(tell)totakecareoftheirdesksandchairs.

7.Theoldmanisill.He______(mustsend)tothehospital.

8.Vegetables,eggsandfruits_________(sell)inthisshop.

9.What_______knives______(make)of?

They_______________(make)ofmetal(金屬)andwood.

10.Canthemagazine________(take)outofthelibrary?

11.Theroom_____________(clean)bymeeveryday.

12.Thestarscan’t_____________(see)inthedaytime.

13.Someflowers_______________(water)byLiMingalready.

14.Thiskindofshoes__________(sell)well.

15.Howlong_____youruncle______(be)inthecity?

16.Thefood_____________(smell)delicious.17.Look!Someone__________(dance).

三、按要求改寫下列句子，一空一詞。1.IsteagrowninSouthChina？（改為主動語態(tài)）_______people_________teainSouthChina？2.Iamgivenabirthdaypresentbymyparentseveryyear．（同義句轉(zhuǎn)換）Abirthdaypresent____________________________bymyparentseveryyear．3.Theworkisgoingtobefinishedintwodays.(對劃線提問)How______________theworkgoingtobefinished?

4.ThechildrenwillsinganEnglishsong.(改為被動語態(tài))

AnEnglishsong___________________bythechildren.

5.Youneedn'tdoitnow.(改為被動語態(tài))

It______________________byyounow.

6.Peopleusemetalformakingmachines.(改為被動語態(tài))

Metal________________________makingmachines.

7.Hemademedothatforhim.(改為被動語態(tài))

I____________________________thatforhim.

8.Theyarewatchingthefootballmatch.Thefootballmatch_____________________bythem.9.Didtheybuildabridgehereayearago?(改為被動語態(tài))

__________abridge____________herebythemayearago?

1