高一英語必修一Unit重點詞組及練習

高一英語必修一Unit4重點詞組及練習1.burstinton=burstoutdoing突然·····起來

burstintotears=burstoutcrying2.asisknowntoeverybody總所周知

3.beinjured

受傷4.cutacross穿過橫穿

5.asusual像往常一樣6.giveout散發(fā)出精疲力竭

7.insteadof代替8.giveaspeech演講

9.putupshelters搭建避難10.bepleasedtodosth.樂意做某事

11.beproudof以·····而自豪

12.thenumberof·····

的數(shù)量

13.intheopenair在戶外14.rightaway立刻

15.inruins破敗不堪成廢墟16.digout掘出

17.atanend終結(jié)

18.anumberof許多大量的

19.too·····to·····太·····而不能

20.tensofthousandsof

成千上萬的21.betrappedin=becaughtin被困在·····中22.all·····not·····=notall·····并非所有·····都23.tothenorthof=northof在·····的北面

24.berescuedfrom

被從·····解救出25.beburied被埋葬被埋藏

26.buryoneselfin=beburiedin專心于，埋頭于27.thinklittleof評價不高

thinkhighlyof贊許給予較高評價

28.asif仿佛

29.be/getshocked震驚

30.atanend終結(jié)1、Inthecity,thewaterpipesinsomebuildingscrashedandburst.城市里，一些大樓里的水管爆裂。burst爆裂,突發(fā)用法歸納：Ifeltasifmyheartwouldburstwithjoy.我覺得自己高興得心花怒放。Thepoliceburstthroughthedoor.警察破門而入。Therewasaburstoflaughterinthenextroom.隔壁房間里突然爆發(fā)出一陣笑聲。聯(lián)想擴展：(1)burstinon…突然打斷Heburstinonourconversation.他突然打斷了我們的談話。(2)burstinton.突然…Thespeakerburstintoangryspeech.演講者突然講粗話。(3)burstoutdoing突然…Thewomanburstoutcryinglikeachild.那個婦女突然像小孩一樣哭了。2.Two-thirdsofthemdiedorwereinjuredduringtheearthquake.地震中，有三分之二的人死亡或受傷。injuryn.傷害易混辨析：injure;hurt;wound;harm

傷害injure比hurt正式，hurt多指傷痛，而injure則指損害健康、成就、容貌等，強調(diào)功能的損失。hurt既可指肉體上的傷害，也可指精神上、感情上的傷害。指肉體上的傷害時，hurt可與badly,slightly,seriously等連用；但若果指精神上的創(chuàng)傷，只能用verymuch,rather/deeply。wound指槍傷、刀傷、刺傷等皮肉之傷，是出血的、嚴重的傷，特指戰(zhàn)場上受傷?？梢允侨怏w上的傷害，也可指精神上的創(chuàng)傷。harm表示引起對身體、物質(zhì)或精神上的損害，常指傷害人的肉體，損壞東西以及損害健康、品質(zhì)、事業(yè)等。即時活用：1、Didyousaythatourneighbor______intheaccident?A.badlyhurted

B.wasbadlyhurted

C.hadbadlyhurted

D.wasbadlyhurt2、Mychest_____whenItakeadeepbreath,doctor.A.hurts

B.wounds

C.harms

D.injure3、Theoldladydiedfromthe_____onherhead;shewas_______whencleaningwindowsontheladderwhenshefelloffit.A.injury;injured

B.wound;wound

C.wounded;hurt

D.hurt;injured5、Thebusdriverwasbadly___onbothlegsinthetrafficaccident.A.wounded

B.broken

C.injured

D.destroyed3.Itseemedasiftheworldwasatanend!【短語歸納】與end搭配的常用短語：cometoanendvi.結(jié)束（用作謂語）bring/putsth.toanendvt.結(jié)束；制止attheendof在…盡頭（末）（指時間或空間）bytheendof到…末為止（現(xiàn)在完成時連用）bytheendoflast...（與過去完成時連用）bytheendofnext...（用于將來完成時）intheend最后，終于（作狀語）onend連續(xù)totheend到底withoutend沒完沒了的【隨堂練習】用attheendof,bytheendof和intheend填空。（1）HowmanyEnglishwordshaveyoulearned____________lastterm?（2）Hebecameanoutstandingdoctor___________.（3）MyunclewillflytoChina_________thisyear.Itseemedthat從句是一個句型，表示“看起來好象”。eg:Itseemedthathedidn'tnoticethis.看起來他好象沒注意這件事。asif是連詞詞組，意為“好像、好似”，相當于asthough，一般用于句型Itlooks/seemsasif...中，其意思是“看起來好像……”。如果與事實相反，則用虛擬語氣；如果與事實一致，則保持正常時態(tài)。eg:

1.Thereisalotofcloud.Itseemsasifit'sgoingtorain.有這么多烏云，看起來好象要下雨了。（是事實，不用虛擬）2.Sheissokindtome.Itseemsasifsheweremymother.她對我非常好，看起來好象她是我的母親。（事實上不是，與現(xiàn)在事實相反）sb.作主語時，seem后常跟adj.作表語。eg:Heseemedalittleangry.他看起來有點生氣。4.、Infifteenterriblesecondsalargecitylayinruins.（1）n.殘垣斷壁；廢墟（名詞時常用復數(shù)）Thecitylayinruinsafteryearsofbombing.（2）v.毀滅；使破產(chǎn)Thehurricaneruinedallthehouseshere.

【拓展】beinruins

呈一片廢墟

fallintoruin

變成廢墟

cometoruin

毀滅，落空

ruinoneself

自我毀滅

bringsb.toruin

使毀滅5.shockvt．&vi．(使)震動，震驚；(使)受電擊n．打擊；震驚；震動[C]令人震驚的人或事Peoplewereshocked.(回歸課本P26)①1wasshockedtoseehimalone．我很吃驚地發(fā)現(xiàn)他獨自一人。②Ifelttheshockastheaircrafthittheground．飛機著陸時我感覺到震了一下。③Ifyoutouchthislivewire，you’11getashock．如果觸摸這條帶電的電線，你就會遭到電擊。歸納拓展with/fromshock由于震驚shocked口辦震驚的，震撼的shockingadj．令人震驚的ashockingaccident令人吃驚的事故beshockedat對……感到吃驚beshockedtodo深感意外地去做特別提示(1)shocked/surprised/amazed等的主語多為人，而shocking/surprising/amazing等的主語多為物。這兩種形式的形容詞辨析常在高考題中出現(xiàn)。如：①Theywereshockedbyherrudeness．他們對她的無禮感到震驚。②Whatashockingwasteoftime!時間的浪費多么驚人呀!(2)當表示具體的令人震驚的人或事的時候，shock是可數(shù)名詞，這一點常和冠詞一起考查。如：Thenewsofhismother’sdeathwasaterribleshocktohim．他母親去世的噩耗使他非常震驚。6Trapvt．(trapped，trapped)使陷入困境；設陷阱捕n．陷阱；困境；捕捉(動物的)夾子①Theliftbrokedownandweweretrappedinside(it)．電梯出了故障，我們被困在里面了。②Thethieveswerecaughtinapolicetrap．竊賊落人警方設的陷阱而被捕。歸納拓展(1)fallintoatrap：becaughtinatrap掉人陷阱；落人圈套betrappedin…(2)trapsbintodoingsth誘使某人做某事Bycleverquestioningtheytrappedhimintomakingaconfession．他們用巧妙的提問誘使他招認了。7、Someoftherescueworkersanddoctorsweretrappedundertheruins.(1)

n.援救，營救Thepolicecametohisrescueandpulledhimoutoftheriver（2）v.救援；拯救Herescuedaboyfromdrowning.【拓展】rescuesb./sth.fromsb./sp.

把???從???營救出來cometo/gotosb’srescue=rescuesb.

援救某人

arescueteam

救援隊arescuemission

救援任務

rescueworkers

救援人員【隨堂練習】用rescue的適當形式填空（1）Themother,alongwithhertwochildren,_________fromthesinkingboatbyapassingship.（2）Thefiremen________fivechildrenfromtheburninghouseyesterday.8.Thearmyorganizedteamstodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.(1)betrappedin陷入困境Theyweretrappendintheburningbuilding.(2)bury埋葬，掩埋beburiedin/buryoneselfin

埋頭于，專心于

（3）thedead死者，表示一類人。形容詞前加the常用來表示一類人或一類東西。eg:

therich

富人

theyoung年輕人theold

老年人

thedeaf聾人theblind

盲人

theinjured受傷的人thenew

新的東西

theordinary普普通通的東西theunusual不同尋常的東西注意："the形容詞"作主語時，謂語動詞的單復數(shù)形式由上下文的意思而定。如表示一類人，作復數(shù)看待；如表示抽象概念或具體的某個人時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。eg:

1.Theyoungrespecttheold;theoldlovetheyoung.尊老愛幼。2.Alltheinjuredhavebeensenttohospita.所有受傷的人都已送往醫(yī)院。9congratulation(n.)“祝賀”，一般要用復數(shù)形式，常與on連用。congratulationsonsth./doingsth.eg:

1.Let'sofferourcongratulationsonhersuccess.對她的成功表示祝賀。2.Congratulationsonwinningtherace.祝賀你比賽獲勝。注意：表示向某人祝賀，接介詞to。congratulationstosb.eg:

1.Congratulationstoyou.祝賀你。2.Let'ssendourcongratulationstohimonwinningtheNobelPrize.讓我們祝賀他獲得諾貝爾獎。congratulate(v.)“祝賀，恭喜；道賀，向......致詞”，congratulatesb.onsth./doingsth.eg:

1.Icongratulatedmygirlfriendonherbirthday.我向女友祝賀生日。2.Letmecongratulateyouonthebirthofyourdaughter.我祝賀你喜獲千金。2.Wecongratulatedhimonhavingpassedtheexamination.課堂訓練一、根據(jù)句意以及首字母提示完成單詞1、Olderstudentswerehavingdifficultyinstudyingando_________themselves.2、Thatplaceisdirtyands_________.3、Inthecity,thewaterpipesinsomebuildingscrackedandb________.4、Peoplebegantowonderhowlongthed_________wouldlast.5、F_________waterwastakentothecitybytrain,truckandplane.6、Everywheretheylookednearlyeverythingwasd__________.7、Therailwaytrackswerenowu_______piecesofsteel.8、Without_________(電)，modernlifewouldbeverydifficult.9、_________(判斷)fromhisappearance,themangermustbeoverfifty.10、Deadand________(受傷的)peoplelayeverywhereaftertheterribleaccident.二、用適當?shù)年P系代詞填空1、Thebuilding________walliswhiteismyuncle’shouse.2、Iknowtheboy________youarelookingfor.3、Willyoupleaselendmetheverybook________youboughtyesterday?4、Thestudent________theteacherpraisedattheclassmeetingisourmonitor.5、Thereason________comesafterspringissummer.6、Thisisthemuseum________wevisitedlastSaturday.7、Theboywith________Johnistalkingismybrother.8、Thegirl_________legwasbrokenintheearthquakewastalkentothehospitalimmediately.9、_________ismentionedabove,thenumberofthestudentsinseniorschoolsisincreasing.10、Don’treadsuchbooks_________youcan’tunderstand.三、單項選擇1、Wedon’tneedtodoextraworkthisevening.Theday’sworkwasalmost______now.A.attheend

B.atanend

C.atoneend

D.atourend2、I’vereadallthebooks________yougaveme.A.who

B.whose

C.whom

D.that3、Inthatbigfirealltheirhouseswere__________,sotheyhadtobuildnewones.A.hurt

B.

harmed

C.injured

D.

destroyed4、Theboy________ontheground________tomethathishen_______threeeggsaday.A.lies;lied;laid

B.lying;lied;laid

C.lay;lied;lain

D.lay;lying;haslaid5、Alicereceivedaninvitationfromherboss,________cameasasurprise.A.it

B.this

C.which

D.that6、AftertheTsunamipassedaway,allthevillagesandtownswere________.Andnobeingwasseen.A.inruin

B.inruins

C.atruins

D.forruins7、Thebusdriverwasbadly________onbothlegsinthetrafficaccident.A.wounded

B.broken

C.injured

D.de