2019譯林版高中英語(yǔ)選擇性必修三Unit4 Protecting our heritage sites 知識(shí)清單（教師版）

。。。閱讀單詞認(rèn)讀heritagen.遺產(chǎn)pyramidn.金字塔missilen.導(dǎo)彈reefn.礁，礁脈coraln.珊瑚adj.珊瑚色的pagodan.佛塔damn.水壩migrationn.遷徙，遷移，移居legacyn.遺產(chǎn)corridorn.走廊，地帶；通道Buddhistadj.佛教的n.佛教徒milestonen.重要階段，里程碑equatorn.赤道showcasen.展示的場(chǎng)合；玻璃柜臺(tái)重點(diǎn)單詞識(shí)記awevt.使驚嘆，使敬畏n.敬畏，驚嘆civilization(alsocivilisation)n.文明，社會(huì)文明；文明社會(huì)，文明世界preservevt.維護(hù)，保護(hù)，保存；維持ruinvt.破壞，毀壞；使破產(chǎn)，毀滅n.毀壞，毀滅；破產(chǎn)；殘?jiān)珨啾赾layn.黏土，陶土sculpturen.雕像，雕塑品；雕刻術(shù)violencen.暴力，暴行；狂熱，激情conflictn.(軍事)沖突，戰(zhàn)斗；爭(zhēng)論；矛盾，不一致vi.沖突，抵觸civiladj.國(guó)民的；國(guó)家的；民事的statusn.身份，地位；狀況，情形internaladj.內(nèi)部的；國(guó)內(nèi)的outcomen.結(jié)果，效果ecologyn.生態(tài)，生態(tài)學(xué)agendan.計(jì)劃，方案；議程表，議事日程nailn.釘子；指甲vt.固定paneln.專家咨詢組，討論小組；嵌板；儀表盤collapsevi.倒塌，坍塌；昏倒n.昏倒；倒塌suspendvt.暫停；懸，掛incidentn.事件；沖突forecastvt.(forecast，forecast；forecasted，forecasted)預(yù)測(cè)，預(yù)報(bào)n.預(yù)測(cè)，預(yù)報(bào)motionn.提議，動(dòng)議；運(yùn)動(dòng)；動(dòng)作votevi.&vt.投票，表決n.選票；投票canaln.運(yùn)河splendour(AmEsplendor)n.壯麗，雄偉basinn.盆地；洗臉盆；盆；流域intenseadj.很大的，十分強(qiáng)烈的；有強(qiáng)烈感情的，熱切的；激烈的primitiveadj.簡(jiǎn)陋的，落后的；原始的，遠(yuǎn)古的humblevt.使感到謙卑，使感到自慚adj.謙虛的，謙卑的pursuevt.追求，致力于，執(zhí)行；追逐submitvt.&vi.提交，呈遞；屈服emergevi.出現(xiàn)；暴露；露頭stringn.一批，一連串，一系列；線；弦cottonn.棉織物；棉，棉花caven.山洞，洞穴initiativen.倡議，新方案；主動(dòng)性elsewhereadv.在(或去)別處entryn.進(jìn)入；參與，加入；參賽banvt.明令禁止，取締；禁止做某事n.禁令核心詞匯拓展urgentadj.緊急的，緊迫的；催促的，急切的→urgevt.敦促，力勸；竭力主張n.強(qiáng)烈的欲望，沖動(dòng)→urgencyn.緊急；催促incredibleadj.極好的，極大的；不能相信的，難以置信的→incrediblyadv.令人難以置信地assessvt.評(píng)估，評(píng)定；估算→assessmentn.評(píng)定；評(píng)估consultationn.咨詢，商討；就診→consultv.咨詢；請(qǐng)教；商量；查閱→consultantn.顧問(wèn)，咨詢師divisionn.分歧；分開(kāi)，分隔→dividev.分割；劃分；分配architectn.建筑師；設(shè)計(jì)師→architecturen.建筑學(xué)；建筑設(shè)計(jì)operatorn.操作人員，技工；接線員→operatev.工作；運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)；動(dòng)手術(shù)→operationn.手術(shù)；運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)cooperationn.合作，協(xié)作；協(xié)助，配合→cooperatevi.合作，配合；協(xié)力interruptvt.打擾，插嘴；使暫停，使中斷vi.打擾，插嘴→interruptionn.打擾；插嘴conservationn.保護(hù)；保持→conservevt.保護(hù)；保存reserven.自然保護(hù)區(qū)；儲(chǔ)備vt.預(yù)訂；預(yù)留；保留→reservationn.預(yù)約，預(yù)訂；保留assignvt.指定，指派；分配；確定→assignmentn.分配；任務(wù)wooln.毛織物；羊毛→woollen(AmEwoolen)adj.毛紡的；羊毛的expansionn.擴(kuò)展，擴(kuò)大，膨脹→expandv.擴(kuò)展，擴(kuò)大，增加核心短語(yǔ)速記weardown(使)磨損，(使)逐漸磨平wearandtear(正常使用造成的)磨損，損耗takeshape成形，有了模樣belongto屬于atrisk有危險(xiǎn)；冒風(fēng)險(xiǎn)leadto導(dǎo)致agreatdealof大量的breakout爆發(fā)onpurpose故意地contributeto促成，導(dǎo)致inadditionto除……以外serveas充當(dāng)……modestadj.謙虛的；謙遜的monumentn.紀(jì)念碑，紀(jì)念物moraladj.道德上的Moslemn.穆斯林motivationn.動(dòng)機(jī)；動(dòng)力motton.箴言，格言mountainousadj.多山的mournvt.哀痛；哀悼mouthfuln.滿口，一口multiplyvt.&vi.乘；(使)增加；繁殖murdervt.謀殺musiciann.音樂(lè)家；樂(lè)師Ifso,youmightalreadyunderstandwhyUNESCOisfightingtopreservesitesofculturalandnaturalimportancetomankind.(if引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句的省略)如果是這樣，你們可能已經(jīng)明白為什么聯(lián)合國(guó)教科文組織正奮力保護(hù)對(duì)人類具有重要意義的文化與自然遺產(chǎn)地。IhavethebeliefthatsomeofyouhaveheardaboutUNESCOheritagesitesormaybeevenvisitedone!(that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句)我相信你們當(dāng)中有些人聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)聯(lián)合國(guó)教科文組織遺產(chǎn)地，甚至可能已經(jīng)去過(guò)一處了！Insomeconflictareaswherecivilwarsoftenbreakout,fightershaveevendestroyedheritagesitesonpurpose.(where引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句)在一些經(jīng)常爆發(fā)內(nèi)戰(zhàn)的沖突地區(qū)，戰(zhàn)士甚至?xí)室鈿倪z產(chǎn)地。ThecityhasbeenrecognizedasthemusicalcapitalofEuropesincethe16thcentury,hometothelikesofMozartandBeethoven.(since＋現(xiàn)在完成時(shí))自16世紀(jì)以來(lái)，維也納就是公認(rèn)的歐洲音樂(lè)之都，莫扎特、貝多芬這一類的音樂(lè)家居住于此。Themoreweacknowledgetheoutstandinguniversalvalueofourheritagesites,themorelikelywearetotreatthemwithrespect.(the＋比較級(jí)...，the＋比較級(jí)...)我們?cè)矫靼走z產(chǎn)地突出的普遍價(jià)值，就越可能會(huì)尊重它們。請(qǐng)先從表格中選用本單元所學(xué)詞匯完成下列短文，然后核對(duì)答案并背誦該短文。civil,weardown,urgent,preserve,aweWeattendedalecturegivenbyaspecialistonhow1.topreserveheritagesitesfrombeingruined.Heritagesitesrepresenthumancivilizationandmostofushave2.beenawedandfascinatedbytheirsplendour.Soweshouldtreatthemwithrespect.Fromthelecture,weknowthatsomefactorscontributetothedestructionofheritagesites.Firstofall,naturalforcesandnaturaldisasterscan3.weardownandevenruinheritagesites.Besides,itishumanactivities,suchas4.civilwars,conflicts,violencethatoftendestroyancientclaysculptures.Sitesalsosufferabitofwearandtear.Suchdestructioncanhavedisastrousoutcomes.Therefore,heritagesitesarein5.urgentneedofconservation.Withcooperationandjointefforts,wewillpreserveheritagesitesfrombeingdestroyed.提示：題干中加底紋詞匯為本單元詞匯preservevt.維護(hù)；保留；保存；保護(hù)(preservationn.維護(hù)；保護(hù)；保養(yǎng)；自然保護(hù)區(qū))preserve...from...保護(hù)……免受……naturepreserve自然保護(hù)區(qū)wellpreservedadj.保存良好的Ourgovernmentplanstosetupsomenaturepreservestopreservesomerareanimalsfromextinction.(用合適的詞或preserve的適當(dāng)形式填空)我建議你去西安，在那里文化遺產(chǎn)和遺跡得到了很好的保護(hù)。(應(yīng)用文寫作之建議信)IrecommendyoutopayavisittoXi’anwheretheculturalheritageandrelicsarewellpreserved.ruinv.毀壞，毀滅；使破產(chǎn)n.毀壞；破產(chǎn)；(pl.)廢墟inruins嚴(yán)重受損；破敗不堪；崩潰，垮掉bereducedtoruins淪為廢墟come/fallintoruin(因缺乏照料而)衰落，敗落Manyvillageswerereducedtoruinsbecauseofthemissileattackandalargenumberofchurchesalsofellintoruinafterthecivilwar.(用合適的詞或ruin的適當(dāng)形式填空)Itrainedfortwoweeks,whichcompletelyruinedourholiday.→Itrainedfortwoweeks,completelyruiningourholiday.(用現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)改寫)consultationn.咨詢，商討；就診(consultv.咨詢；請(qǐng)教；商量；查閱；參看consultantn.顧問(wèn))consult(with)sb.about/onsth.就某事與某人商量Itiswiseofustoconsultwithothersabout/onsomeproblems；withregardtoyourson’smentalillness,Isuggestyou(should)consultaspecialist.(用合適的詞或consult的適當(dāng)形式填空)關(guān)于學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)，這里有條建議給你。請(qǐng)不要一遇到生詞就查閱字典。(應(yīng)用文寫作之建議信)AsforlearningEnglish,hereisatipforyou.Don’tconsultadictionaryeverytimeyoumeetanewword.reserven.自然保護(hù)區(qū)；儲(chǔ)備vt.預(yù)訂；保留；預(yù)留(reservationn.預(yù)訂；保留)naturereserve自然保護(hù)區(qū)inreserve儲(chǔ)備；備用reservesth.forsb.為某人保留某物bereservedfor...留作；(專)供……之用makeareservation預(yù)訂Ifoundmymothersittingbythetablereservedforhonoredguests.Whatanincredibleplace!Hespentsomeofhissalaryonlivingexpensesandkepttherestinreserve.I’vemadeareservation(reserve)foryouonthemorningflight.由于野生動(dòng)物數(shù)量的逐漸減少，現(xiàn)在是時(shí)候建立更多的自然保護(hù)區(qū)了。(話題寫作之環(huán)境保護(hù))Withthenumberofwildanimalsonthedecline,itishightimethatwesetup/shouldsetupmorenaturereserves.submitvt.&vi.提交，呈遞；屈服submitsth.tosb.將某物提交給某人submit(oneself)to屈從于……Itisrequestedthatyoushouldsubmityourreporttometomorrow.Bynomeansshouldwesubmitourselves(we)toanydifficulty.對(duì)這個(gè)職位感興趣的人必須在5月15日前提交申請(qǐng)書和相關(guān)資料。(應(yīng)用文寫作之招聘)ThosewhoareinterestedinthepostmustsubmittheapplicationsandrelevantmaterialsbyMay15.assignvt.指定，指派；分配；確定(assignmentn.分配；任務(wù)；作業(yè)；功課)assignsth.tosb./assignsb.sth.給某人分配(某物)；分派，布置(工作、任務(wù)等)assignsb.todosth.分派某人做某事NeverwillZhouYangforgethisfirstassignment(assign)atHVO.Hewasassignedtocollect(collect)andassesstheinformationtohelpotherscientiststoforecastwherelavafromthevolcanowouldflownext.Asanexperiencedteacher,ourEnglishteacheroftenassignsdifferenttaskstodifferentstudents.→Asanexperiencedteacher,ourEnglishteacheroftenassignsdifferentstudentsdifferenttasks.banvt.禁止；取締n.禁令；譴責(zé)bandoingsth.禁止做某事bansb.from(doing)sth.禁止某人(做)某事abanon...對(duì)……的禁令I(lǐng)tisnecessaryforthegovernmenttotakeurgentactiontobanpeoplefromdamagingecology.Manyapersonsupportsatotalbanoncigaretteadvertising.Referringtoconflictswithothers,webanusing(use)violencetosolvethem.最近，關(guān)于是否應(yīng)該在學(xué)校禁止使用手機(jī)有一場(chǎng)激烈的討論。(應(yīng)用文寫作之觀點(diǎn)評(píng)論)Recentlytherehasbeenaheateddiscussionaboutwhethercellphonesshouldbebannedatschool.takeshape成形，有了模樣intheshapeof...呈……的形狀；以……的形式ingoodshape身體健康outofshape身體不好；變形getintoshape強(qiáng)身健體beshapedlike...形狀像……用shape短語(yǔ)的正確形式填空：Workingoutinthemorningprovidesmanybenefitssuchashelpingusgetintoshape.Youhavebeensittingonmycap.Nowitisoutofshape.Thewaterfallwhichisshapedlikeasemicircle,is670metreswide,andfalls56metresinanawesomewhitesheetofwater.Sincewomen’seventswereadded,themodernOlympicprogrammehasbeguntotakeshape.Thegovernmentprovidesmoneyintheshapeofgrantsandstudentloans.Ifso,youmightalreadyunderstandwhyUNESCOisfightingtopreservesitesofculturalandnaturalimportancetomankind.如果是這樣，你們可能已經(jīng)明白為什么聯(lián)合國(guó)教科文組織正奮力保護(hù)對(duì)人類具有重要意義的文化與自然遺產(chǎn)地。if構(gòu)成的常見(jiàn)省略形式：ifso如果是這樣的話ifnot如果不這樣的話；如果沒(méi)有ifever如果有過(guò)/發(fā)生過(guò)的話ifany如果有的話ifpossible如果有可能；如果可能的話ifnecessary如果有必要的話Theclimatehereisquitepleasant,thetemperaturerarely,ifever,reaching30℃insummer.Ifitispossible,you’dbetternotinterruptthetalkbetweenthem.→Ifpossible,you’dbetternotinterruptthetalkbetweenthem.Washitinwaterandpickoutthesmallparticles,ifthereareany.→Washitinwaterandpickoutthesmallparticles,ifany.如果你方便的話，我們八點(diǎn)半在學(xué)校門口外見(jiàn)面。如果不方便，讓我知道什么時(shí)間最適合你。Ifitisconvenientforyou,let’smeetat8∶30outsidetheschoolgate.Ifnot,letmeknowwhattimesuitsyoubest.提示：題干中加底紋詞匯為上一單元詞匯一詞多義練/熟詞生義練——清除閱讀障礙ruinA.vt.破壞B.vt.使破產(chǎn)C.n.破產(chǎn)D.n.廢墟Infifteenterriblesecondsalargecitylayinruins.DDon’tletasmalldisagreementruinourfriendship.AThebanksteppedintosavethecompanyfromfinancialruin.CIfshelosesthecourtcase,itwillruinhercompany.BreserveA.vt.預(yù)定B.vt.保留，保存C.n.保護(hù)區(qū)D.n.儲(chǔ)備(量)，備用I’dprefertoreservemyjudgementuntilIknowallthefacts.BThiscoastalareawasnamedanationalwildlifereservelastyear.CI’dliketoreserveatableforthreeforeighto’clock.AWefeelproudthatourcountryhaslargeoilandgasreserves.D快速閱讀下列句子并猜測(cè)句中加黑詞匯的意思。Inailedasigntothetreemakingsureeveryonepassingbycanseeitclearly.固定Undertheselaws,hesaid,MrRice’sassetscouldhavebeenfrozen.凍結(jié)核心知識(shí)強(qiáng)化練——鞏固語(yǔ)言知識(shí)Ifyouusetoomuchforce,you’lltwistthekey,bendingitoutofshape.Myfatheroncewasassignedtoclean(clean)thewashroom,whichastonishedme.Ourschooladoptsaregulationthatwebanstudentsfrombringingcellphonesintotheschool.Contrarytowhatwehadimagined,severalmummiesinthetombwerewellpreserved(preserve).Worriedabouttheroomavailable,wereservedasingleroomforyouattheGardenHotelinadvance.Withtimegoingon,thecottagethatmygrandfatheroncelivedinisnowcompletelyinruins.Whydidn’tyouconsultwithourcaptainonsuchanimportantmatter?RegardlessofdifficultiesorhardshipsImaymeetonthewaytosuccess,Iwon’tsubmittothem.單句寫作——應(yīng)用文增分練(話題寫作之生態(tài)與環(huán)境)為了保護(hù)我們的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)不再繼續(xù)被破壞，政府已經(jīng)采取了一系列措施。(preserve)Inordertopreserveourecosystemfrombeingdamagedcontinuously,thegovernmenthastakenaseriesofmeasures.首先為了保護(hù)瀕臨滅絕的動(dòng)物，更多的自然保護(hù)區(qū)已經(jīng)被建立了。(reserve)Firstly,morenaturereserveshavebeensetuptoprotecttheendangeredanimals.許多法律已經(jīng)生效，比如非法狩獵的禁令。(ban)Manylawshavecomeintoeffectsuchasabanonillegalhunt.作為學(xué)生，如果可能的話，我們也應(yīng)該竭盡全力保護(hù)我們的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。(if省略句)Asstudents,ifpossible,weshouldsparenoefforttoprotectourecosystem.微型寫作——續(xù)寫提能練[教材續(xù)寫語(yǔ)料]情感描寫incredibleadj.極好的，極大的；不能相信的，難以置信的intenseadj.有強(qiáng)烈感情的，熱切的；激烈的primitiveadj.簡(jiǎn)陋的，落后的；原始的，遠(yuǎn)古的humblevt.使感到謙卑adj.謙虛的，謙卑的動(dòng)作描寫awevt.使驚嘆，使敬畏collapsevi.倒塌，坍塌；昏倒pursuevt.追求，致力于，執(zhí)行；追逐assignvt.指定，指派；分配；確定banvt.明令禁止，取締；禁止做某事環(huán)境描寫corridorn.走廊，地帶basinn.盆地caven.山洞，洞穴ruinn.殘?jiān)珨啾?；廢墟[續(xù)寫語(yǔ)料運(yùn)用]請(qǐng)從以上語(yǔ)料中選擇合適的詞匯，并用適當(dāng)?shù)倪^(guò)渡詞完成以下語(yǔ)段。為了追求成為一名志愿者的夢(mèng)想，我加入了一個(gè)組織。我被分配到一個(gè)偏遠(yuǎn)而又原始的村莊當(dāng)老師。一到那里，我就對(duì)那里令人難以置信的壯麗景色感到敬畏。我了解到在那里狩獵稀有動(dòng)物是被禁止的，同時(shí)也禁止亂扔垃圾。但村民們真的很窮。許多房屋將要倒塌，有些已經(jīng)倒塌成為一片廢墟。甚至還有一些村民住在洞穴里。盡管他們很窮，但他們很幸福，并與大自然和諧相處。Topursuemydreamtobeavolunteer,Ijoinedanorganization.Iwasassignedtoaremoteandprimitivevillageasateacher.ThemomentIgotthereIwasawedbytheincredibleandsuperbscenerythere.Ilearnedthathuntingrareanimalstherewasbannedandthrowingawayrubbishwasprohibitedaswell.Butthevillagerswerereallypoor.Manyhouseswerenearlytocollapse,andsomehadfallenintoruins.Eventhereweresomevillagerslivingincaves.Poorastheywere,theywerehappyandlivedinharmonywithnature.詞形變化填空(每小題2分，共14分)Wepaidavisittoagrandpalacedesignedbyafamousarchitectyesterdayandwewereattractedbyitssplendidarchitecture.(architect)Wewerehavingameetingwhenamaninterrupted.Allthepeoplepresentwereannoyedwithhisinterruption.(interrupt)Thegirlwasassignedtodohomework.Shehadjustfinishedherassignmentwhenhermotheraskedhertopracticeplayingthepiano.(assign)Ihadreservedatableforthreeforseveno’clockbutyoumusthaveforgottenmyreservation,andnowthereisnotableavailable.(reserve)Thereisanincrediblethemeparkinthecitycentre,whichisincred