2023學(xué)年完整公開課版【知識講解】Unit 8 Vocabulary Learning

VocabularyLearning—construction【釋義】n.athingthathasbeenbuiltormade建筑物theprocessormethodofbuildingormakingsth建造；建筑【例句】The

summer

house

was

a

simple

wooden

construction.

那座避暑別墅是簡單的木結(jié)構(gòu)建筑。Therailwayisstillunderconstruction.這條鐵路仍在建設(shè)之中。Work

has

begun

on

the

construction

of

the

new

airport.新機(jī)場的修建已經(jīng)開工。【同根詞】constructv.建造，修建，創(chuàng)建【熟詞生義】Thenovelisconstructedfromon-the--spotreports._________【語境活用】Thegreatbridgeunder_____________isdesignedbyChineseengineersanditwilltakeaboutayearto__________thelargebridge.(construct)construction/k?n?str?k?n/construction

construct

構(gòu)思

VocabularyLearning—contradictory【釋義】adj.two

statements,

beliefsetcthatarecontradictoryaredifferentandthereforecannotbothbetrueor

correct相互矛盾的；對立的；不一致的【例句】Thepublicisbeingfedcontradictorymessagesabouttheeconomy.公眾得到的有關(guān)經(jīng)濟(jì)的信息相互矛盾。The

advice

I

received

was

often

contradictory.

我所得到的建議常常是相互矛盾的?！就~】contradictv.相矛盾，相反【常用搭配】[contradictoryto]Freedomanddisciplinearenotcontradictorytoeachother.自由與紀(jì)律并不對立。contradictory/?k?ntr??d?kt?ri/VocabularyLearning—crime【釋義】n.anillegalactoractivitythatcanbepunishedbylaw罪；罪行activitiesthatinvolvebreakingthelaw犯罪活動【例句】Themassacrewasacrimeagainsthumanity.這場大屠殺是一樁反人類的罪行。Storesspendmoreandmoreoncrimepreventioneveryyear.商店每年在防止犯罪方面的花費越來越多。

The

police

are

planning

tougher

measures

to

combat

crime.警方正計劃采取更嚴(yán)厲的措施打擊犯罪。【常用搭配】[commitacrime]Canyoubelievethatsuchayoungboywillcommitacrime?.你能相信這樣一個小男孩會犯罪嗎？【同根詞】criminaladj.犯罪的；犯法的；n.罪犯【語境活用】This

is

a

_________(crime)

waste

of

resources.

crime/kra?m/criminalVocabularyLearning—desperation【釋義】n.it

isthefeelingwhenyouareinsuchabadsituationthatyouwilltryanythingtochangeit.絕望；拼命；不顧一切【例句】In

desperation,

she

called

Louise

and

asked

for

her

help.

在走投無路的情況下，她給路易絲打了個電話請她幫忙。There

was

a

note

of

desperation

in

his

voice.

聽他的語氣他急得要命。The

huge

debt

drove

him

to

desperation.

巨額債務(wù)逼得他陷入絕望?！就~】desperateadj.不顧一切的；令人絕望的【語境活用】This

feeling

of____________(desperate)

and

helplessness

was

common

to

most

of

the

refugees.Ourcircumstancesareso_________(desperate)thatitisuncertainwhetherwewilleverreturnalive.desperation/?desp??re??n/desperationdesperateVocabularyLearning—ease【釋義】v.tobecomeortomakesthlessunpleasant,painful,severe,etc.（使）寬慰；減輕；緩解n.lackofdifficulty容易thestateoffeelingrelaxedorcomfortablewithoutworries,problemsorpain舒適；自在【例句】Thisshouldhelpeasethepain.這該有助于減輕痛苦。Theeasewithwhichshelearnslanguagesisastonishing.她學(xué)習(xí)語言之輕松令人驚訝。Allimportantpointsarenumberedforeaseofreference.全部重點均編了號碼以便查閱?！境Ｓ么钆洹縖atease]Hislegswereweary,buthismindwasatease.他的雙腿很疲乏，但心情舒暢。ease/i?z/VocabularyLearning—emotional【釋義】adj.connectedwithpeople’sfeelings情感的，情緒的；showingstrongemotions,sometimesinawaythatotherpeoplethinkisunnecessary情緒激動的，感情沖動的【例句】Theyoffereachotheremotionalsupport.他們相互提供感情上的支持。Hegotveryemotionalwhenwehadtoleave,andstartedtocry.當(dāng)我們不得不離開時，他情緒異常激動，忍不住哭了起來?！就~】emotionn.感情，情緒【常用搭配】[emotionalsupport]Apersonwhoprovidesencouragementandemotionalsupportisatruefriend.能給予鼓勵和情感支持的人才是真正的朋友。emotional/??m????n?l/VocabularyLearning—fantasy【釋義】n.aproductofyourimagination幻想作品apleasantsituationthatyouimaginebutthatisunlikelytohappen幻想；想象【例句】There

was

no

real

barrier

between

reality

and

fantasy

in

his

mind.

在他的頭腦中，現(xiàn)實與幻想之間沒有真正的界線。Stop

living

in

a

fantasy

world.

別再生活在幻想世界中了。Her

books

are

usually

escapist

fantasies.

她的書通常是逃避現(xiàn)實的幻想作品?！就~】fantasticadj.了不起的；荒誕的【文化金句】TherearemanystoriesaboutBritain’sancientKingArthur,sometrue,somejustfantasy.關(guān)于英國古代亞瑟王的故事有很多，有些是真的，有些是假的。fantasy/?f?nt?si/VocabularyLearning—forgive【釋義】v.tostopblamingorbeingangrywithsomeoneforsomethingthatpersonhasdone,ornotpunishthemforsomething原諒；寬恕【例句】I’dneverforgivemyselfifanythinghappenedtothekids.要是孩子們有個三長兩短，我永遠(yuǎn)也不會原諒自己。Forgivemeforasking,buthowmuchdidyoupayforyourbag?請原諒我問一下，你的包花了多少錢？【常用搭配】[…+aloan/debt]ThenewprogramwouldforgivestateloanstonewgraduateswhoteachinNebraska.在一個新的項目中，前往內(nèi)布拉斯加教書的大學(xué)畢業(yè)生可免還政府貸款?！就x詞】pardonv.原諒，赦免，寬恕【同根詞】forgivenessn.原諒，寬恕forgive/f??ɡ?v/VocabularyLearning—frozen【釋義】adj.(ofrivers,lakes,etc.)withalayeroficeonthesurface（河、湖等）冰封的；封凍的；結(jié)冰的

keptataverylowtemperatureinordertopreserveit冷凍的；冷藏的【例句】It

was

so

cold

that

the

stream

had

frozen

solid.

天氣很冷，小河結(jié)冰了。You

can

use

fresh

or

frozen

meat.你可以使用新鮮或冷凍的肉?！就~】freezev.使凍結(jié)；使結(jié)冰freezingadj.極冷的The

cold

weather

had

frozen

the

ground.寒冷的天氣使地面結(jié)了冰?！菊Z境活用】Inthis__________weather,twomenwere__________todeathonthemountain.(freeze)frozen/?fr??zn/freezingfrozenVocabularyLearning—mystery【釋義】n.somethingthatisdifficulttounderstandortoexplain難以理解的事物；奧秘astoryinwhichcrimesandstrangeeventsareonlyexplainedattheend懸疑故事【例句】Itisoneofthegreatunsolvedmysteriesofthiscentury.這是本世紀(jì)最大的未解之謎之一。It

was

a

place

of

deep

mystery

and

enchantment.

這是一個極其神秘和迷人的地方。Ienjoymurdermysteries.我喜歡兇殺奇案作品?！就~】mysteriousadj.神秘的；奇怪的；不易解釋的【語境活用】Despite

years

of

study,

sleepwalking

remains

a________(mystery).He

tried

to

convince

this___________(mystery)womantogooutwithhim.mystery/?m?stri/mystery

mysteriousVocabularyLearning—nevertheless【釋義】adv.despitesth.thatyouhavejustmentioned盡管如此，不過，然而【例句】Ourdefeatwasexpected.

Nevertheless,

itwasdisappointing.我們的失敗是意料中的事。盡管如此，還是令人失望。Wecan’ttakeyouradvice.Nevertheless,thankyouforputtingit.我們不能接受您的建議。不過，謝謝您提出意見?！驹~語辨析】nevertheless,but,however,while,yet這組詞都有“但是，可是，然而，而”的意思，其區(qū)別是：nevertheless指盡管作出完全讓步，也不會發(fā)生任何影響；but口語常用詞，語氣較強，泛指與前述情況相反；however表轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，語氣稍弱于but，連接性也弱一些，因而常作插入語；while表對比，一般可與whereas換用，但程度弱一些；yet常用于否定句，指不管作出多大努力或讓步，仍達(dá)不到預(yù)期的結(jié)果。nevertheless/?nev?e??les/VocabularyLearning—noble【釋義】adj.havingfinepersonalqualitiesthatpeopleadmire高尚的；崇高的belongingtoafamilyofhighsocialrank貴族的【例句】

She

is

of

noble

blood.她有貴族血統(tǒng)。I

wanted

so

much

to

believe

he

was

pure

and

noble.

我非常愿意相信他是純潔高尚的。

We’llalwaysjustifyouractionswithnoblesoundingtheories.我們將始終用崇高的理論思想指導(dǎo)我們的行動?！就~】nobilityn.貴族；高貴的品質(zhì)【文化金句】LeiFengwasbuiltupasagoodexampletotheChinesepeopletobecheerfullyselflessandnobleinthought.雷鋒被樹立為中國人民無私、高尚品德的好榜樣。noble/?n??bl/VocabularyLearning—poison【釋義】n.asubstancethatcausesdeathorharmifitisswallowedorabsorbedintothebody毒藥；毒物；毒素v.toharmorkillapersonorananimalbygivingthempoison毒害【例句】It

was

found

that

her

blood

contained

poison.

發(fā)現(xiàn)她的血液中有毒素。The

substance

has

been

scheduled

as

a

poison.

這種物質(zhì)已被列為毒物。The

police

suspected

poisoning.警方懷疑有人下毒?！就~】poisonousadj.引起中毒的；有毒的【語境活用】Thejournalistwasinformedthatmanypeopleinthevillagewere__________becausetheyhadeatenthe___________mushroomsandthatheshouldgotheretolookintoitthoroughly.(poison)poison/?p??zn/poisonedpoisonousVocabularyLearning—preservation【釋義】n.theactofkeepingsthinitsoriginalstate保護(hù)；維護(hù)；保存

theactofmakingsurethatsthiskept維持；保持

【例句】

The

paintings

were

in

an

excellent

state

of

preservation.這些繪畫保存得非常好。Our

ultimate

goal

must

be

the

preservation

of

the

environment.我們的最終目的必須是環(huán)境保護(hù)。The

central

issue

in

the

strike

was

the

preservation

of

jobs.

罷工的核心問題是工作職位的保留?！就~】preservev.保護(hù)；維護(hù)；保存

n.保護(hù)區(qū)【語境活用】Asweallknow,thepoliceareresponsibleforthe_______________(preserve)oflawandorder.Oursuggestionsarethatthesetraditionalcustomsshouldbe___________(preserve)andhandeddownonegenerationafteranother.preservation/?prez??ve??n/

preservation

preservedVocabularyLearning—romance【釋義】n.anexciting,usuallyshort,relationshipbetweentwopeoplewhoareinlovewitheachother愛情故事；羅曼史loveorthefeelingofbeinginlove愛情【例句】Themoviemixeshumorwithromance.那部電影把幽默和浪漫結(jié)合在一起。She’sacompulsivereaderofromances.她熱衷于閱讀愛情故事。Howcanyouputtheromancebackintoyourmarriage?你怎樣才能使婚姻再次充滿浪漫感情呢？【文化金句】KnowingthatyouarefondofancientChineseculture,IamdeterminedtorecommendtheChineseclassicsTheRomanceoftheThreeKingdomswrittenbyLuoGuanzhongtoyou.知道你喜歡中國古代文化，我決定向你推薦羅貫中的中國古典名著《三國演義》。romance/r???m?ns/VocabularyLearning—stare【釋義】v.tolookatsb/sthforalongtime凝視，盯著看【例句】Istaredblanklyatthepaperinfrontofme.我茫然地看著面前這張紙。Bencontinuedtostareoutthewindow.

本繼續(xù)凝視著窗外?！境Ｓ么钆洹縖+atsb/sth]Tamarastaredathimindisbelief,shakingherhead.

塔瑪拉搖著頭不相信地盯著他看?！就x詞】gaze,peer,glaregaze尤指吃驚、愛戀或深思地凝視、注視、盯著；peer尤指看不清楚時仔細(xì)看、端詳；glare指怒目而視。stare

/ste?/VocabularyLearning—stimulating【釋義】adj.fullofin