2022年遼寧省鞍山市大學(xué)英語6級大學(xué)英語六級知識點匯總（含答案）

2022年遼寧省鞍山市大學(xué)英語6級大學(xué)英語六級知識點匯總（含答案）學(xué)校:________班級:________姓名:________考號:________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20題)1.

RosaParkswasthefirstblackpersontorefusetogiveupaseatonthebusforawhiteperson.

A.YB.NC.NG

2.

Bothfathershadextremelydifferentrespectforeducationandlearning.

A.YB.NC.NG

3.PartⅡReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)

Directions:Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheetI.Forquestions1-7,choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Forquestions8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.

RichMan,PoorMan

GluersandsawyersfromthefurniturefactoriesinGalaxnearthemountainsofVirginialosttheirjobslastyearwhenAmericanretailersdecidedtheycouldfindabettersupplierinChina.AttheotherendofthefurnitureindustryRobertNardellilosthisjobthismonthwhenHomeDepotdecideditcouldfindabetterchiefexecutiveinhisdeputy.Butanylikenessendsthere.Mr.Nardelli'sexitwasasextravagantlyrewardedashisoccupationofthecornerofficehadbeen.Nexttohis$210millionseverancepay,theredundantwoodworkerspackagesweremeantothepointofprovocation(激怒).

That'sthewayitgoesallovertherichworld.Ifyoulookback20years,thetotalpayofthetypicaltopAmericanmanagerhasincreasedfromroughly40timestheaverage--thelevelforfourdecades--to110timestheaveragenow.Thesearetheglorydaysofglobalcapitalism.Themixoftechnologyandeconomicintegrationtransformingtheworldhascreatedunparalleledprosperity.Inthepastfiveyearstheworldhasseenfastergrowththanatanytimesincetheearly1970s.Havingjoinedthegloballaborforce,hundredsofmillionsofpeopleindevelopingcountrieshavewonthechancetoescapesqualor(骯臟)andpoverty.Hundredsofmillionsmorestandtojointhem.

Thatpromisestoimprovethelotofhumanityasawholeincalculably.Butintherichworldlabor'sshareofGDPhasfallentohistoriclows,whileprofitsaresoaring.AclamorisabroadthatMr.Nardelliandhisfriendsamongthetophundredth--oreventhetopthousandth--ofthepopulationareseizingthelion'sshareofglobalization'sgains.Meanwhileeveryoneelse--notjustblue-collarfactoryworkersbutalsothewideroffice--workingmiddleclass--shufflesalong,grimlywaitingforthenextroundofcost-cuts.

Fearandclothing

Signsofabacklashabound.StephenRoach,thechiefeconomistatMorganStanley,hascounted27piecesofanti-ChinalegislationinCongresssinceearly2005.TheGermanMarshallFundfoundlastyearthat,althoughmostpeoplestillsaytheyfavorfreetrade,morethanhalfofAmericanswanttoprotectdomesticcompaniesfromforeigncompetitionevenifthatslowseconomicgrowth.Inahintoflabor'spossibleresurgence,theHouseofRepresentativeshasjustvotedtoraisethefederalminimumwageforthefirsttimeinadecade.EvenJapanisalarmedaboutinequality,stagnant(不景氣的)wagesandjobsgoingtoChina.Europehastieditselfinknotstryingto"manage"tradeinChinesetextiles.

Shouldyoublameyourcomputer?

Thepaniccomesinpartfromarushtolumpalltheblameonglobalization.Technology--anevenlessresistibleforce--isalsodestroyingwhite-andblue-collartasksinapuffofautomationandmayplayabiggerroleinexplainingrisingwageinequality.Thedistinctionsbetweentechnologyandglobalizationcount,ifonlybecausepeopletendtowelcomecomputersbutcondemnforeigners(whetherascompetitorsorimmigrants).Thatmakestechnologyeasiertodefend.

Foreconomists,thedebateaboutwhethertechnologyorglobalizationisresponsibleforcapital'srewardsoutpacingthoseoflaboriscrucial,complicatedandunresolved.Oneschool,whichblamesglobalization,arguesthattherocketingprofitsandsluggishmiddlingwagesofthepastfewyearsarethelong-lastingresultsoftrade,asallthosenewdevelo

A.seemedtoberedundant

B.irritatedthem

C.satisfiedthem

D.wasclosetoMr.Nardelli's

4.

Socialstudierslearnbetterby______thanbyreading.

5.

Thefirstuseofthetermorganicfarmingisusuallycreditedto___________________inhis1940bookLooktotheLand.

6.

ManyofthebuildingsinWashington,D.C.arewhiteandtheyarenotverytall.

A.YB.NC.NG

7.

Theauthorsaysthatforegoingacollegeeducationisoftennotawisechoicebecause______ofthe50highestpayingjobsrequireafour-yearcollegedegreeexceptforairtrafficcontrollersandnuclearpowerreactoroperators.

8.

InancientOlympicgamesathleteswererequiredtoearntheexcellencebyskillwithnoexception.

A.YB.NC.NG

9.

_______________carriesthesameburdenofpermanence,expressedthistimeinanegativeway.

10.Americanhighschoolstudentssinkalmosttothebottominasurveyofmathandscienceliteracybecausetoomanyofthehighschool______inAmericaarenotqualified.

11.

Elephantsmournforthedeadby______.

12.

Generalizedanxietydisordercanbecausedlargelyby______.

A.people'sworries,uncertainties,endfears

B.theeconomicandsocialproblems

C.somespecificphenomenon

D.individualcircumstances

13.

Organicagriculturehasbecomeabigindustryasmoreandmorefarmersareswitchingtoit.

A.YB.NC.NG

14.

Ourconceptsoftimeandspaceareinpartconditionedbythestructureofparticularlanguages.

A.YB.NC.NG

15.Ageodesicdomeisbasicallyasphericalstructurecreatedfromrectangles.

16.Thetreasuredbooksshouldbeputin______.

A.built-inbookshelves

B.freestandingbookcases

C.hangingbookshelves

D.glasscases

17.

China'seconomicopportunitiesandits______onthefuturecontributestopeople'sinterestinlearningChinese.

18.

Excessdietarysaltmaycausehighbloodpressureinallindividuals.

A.YB.NC.NG

19.

MoreandmorepeoplearefondofNGVsbecausetheyhelpreducedeathsincaraccidentstoagreatdegree.

A.YB.NC.NG

20.

Accordingtothepassage,Mr.KayeaskedforsickleavefalselyforawrestlingmatchinDecemberandFebruary.

A.YB.NC.NG

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20題)21.(32)

A.ThatshegotalotofgoodideasfromNancy

B.Thatsheisworkinghappilyatherpresentjob.

C.ThatclothesfromNancy'sofficehelpedtogetherajob

D.That"DressforSuccess"hasagoodbusinessrelationwithherfirm

22.聽力原文：Theinterviewhasbeengoingonforabout20minutesandeverythingseemstobegoingwell.Then,suddenly,theinterviewerasksanunexpectedquestion,"Whichismoreimportant,laworlove?"JobapplicantsintheWestincreasinglyfindthemselvesaskedstrangequestionslikethis.AndthesignsarethatthisisbeginningtohappeninChina.

Employerswantpeoplewhoareskilled,enthusiasticanddevoted.Sothesearethequalitiesthatanyreasonablyintelligentjobapplicantwilltrytoshownomatterwhathisorheractualfeelingsare.Inresponse,employersareincreasinglyusingthequestionswhichtryandshowtheapplicant'struepersonality.

ThequestioninthefirstparagraphcomesfromatestcalledtheKierseyTemperamentSorter.Itisanattempttodiscoverhowpeoplesolveproblems,ratherthanwhattheyknow.Thisisoftencalledanaptitudetest.

AccordingtoMarkBaldwinofAlliance,manyjobapplicantsinChinaarefindingthistypeofquestionsdifficult."WhenaChinesefillsoutanaptitudetest,heorshewillthinkthereisarightanswerbuttheymayfailbecausetheytrytoguesswhattheexaminerwantstosee."

Thisissometimescalledtheprisoner'sdilemma.Applicantsaretryingtoactcleverlyintheirowninterest,buttheyfailbecausetheydon'tunderstandwhattheinterviewerislookingfor.Rememberthatinanaptitudetest,thecorrectansweristhehonestanswer.

Questions33to35arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

33.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?

34.Whatkindofworkersdoemployerswanttohirenowadays?

35.Whatdoweknowfromthepassage?

(30)

A.Todescribeanaptitudetest.

B.Toadviseyouhowtofindagoodjob.

C.Totellyouhowtodealwithjobinterviews.

D.Togiveapieceofadviceforjobinterviewees.

23.(21)

A.Thestreetsign.

B.Tilepedestrian.

C.Thewall.

D.Thepoleintheroad.

24.(35)

A.ShewasanimaginarypersoncreatedbyRobert.

B.ShewasagracefulladyRobertdeeplyloved.

C.Shewasthedaughterofafamousgeneral.

D.Shewasanexpertwhowasgoodattellsignatures.

25.聽力原文：M:Hi,Helen.Howareyoudoing?

W:Prettygood.Thanks.Haveyouhelpedmelookatmygraduateschoolapplication,andthestatementofpurposeIwrote?

M:Well,yeah.Basicallyit'sgood.Whatyoumightactuallydoistotakesomeofthedifferentpointshereandactuallybreakthemoutintoseparateparagraphs,likeyourpurposeforapplyingforgraduatestudy,specialty,andwhydoyouwanttodotheareayouspecify,whatyouwanttodowithyourdegreewhenyougetit.

W:OK,right.

M:Soyoumayexpandoneachpoint.Expandsomemoreonwhat'shappenedinyourlifeandwhatshowsyourmotivationandinterestinthisarea—geology.

W:OK,somakeitalittlemorepersonal?That'sOK?

M:That'sfine.Theylookforthatstuff.It'scriticalthatsomebodyseewhatyourpassionisandyourpersonalmotivationfordoingthis.Youmightgivealittlemoreexplanationaboutyouruniqueundergraduatebackground,likethemusicprogram,whatyougotfromthatandwhyyoudecidedtochange.Imeanitiskindofunusualtogofrommusictogeology.Right?

W:Yeah.Iwas,Iwasafraidofthat,youknow,maybethepersonaltypestuffwouldn'tbewhattheywant.But...

M:Youknow,Ithinkprobablyyourmusicbackgroundisthemostuniquethingthatyougetyourrecords.

W:Right.

M:Soyousee,yougettomakeyourselfstandoutfromacoupleofahundredofapplications.Doesthathelpany?

W:Yeah,itdoes.Itgivesmesomegoodideas.

M:Also,thinkaboutpresentation,Imeanthepresentationformats,yourgrammar,andallthatstufftheyarelookingatinyourmaterialsatthesametime.

W:Right.OK.

(20)

A.Thewomanaskedthemantohelpherapplyforajob.

B.Thewomanaskedthemantoreadhergraduateschoolapplication.

C.Thewomenaskedthemantohelpherwithherhomework.

D.Thewomenaskedthemantoprepareapresentationforher.

26.

【B11】

27.(15)

A.ItlooksexactlylikeSusan.

B.ItmakesSusanlookolderthanshereallyis.

C.ItmakesSusanlookyoungerthanshereallyis.

D.ItmakesSusanlookbetterthanshelooksinperson.

28.(36)

A.SomethingintheBermudaTriangleisstrange.

B.WheretheBermudaTriangleis.

C.Onverylittleaboutthis.

D.Shipswerenotlost.

29.

【B8】

30.(44)

31.

【B3】

32.聽力原文：M:MayItakethisbockout?IneedittoworkonmypaperforDr.Smith'shistoryclass.

W:Iamafraidnot.ThebookhasbeenputonreservebyDr.Smith.Unlessyouhavehiswrittenpermission,wewon'tletitout.

Q:Whatshouldthemandotoborrowthebook?

(13)

A.AskDr.Smithtoalterhisdecision.

B.AskDr.Smithtocallthelibrary.

C.GetthebookdirectlyfromDr.Smith.

D.GetDr.Smith'swrittenpermission.

33.(31)

A.Thecropswereobliteratedfortheentireyear.

B.Thecrop'snutritionalwasconsiderablylessened.

C.Thesoilwaspermanentlydamaged.

D.Thelosswasnotasbadashadbeenanticipated.

34.

【B2】

35.(26)

A.Payattentiontoherdiet.

B.Studymuchharder.

C.Gotothedoctor's.

D.Talktoherparents.

36.聽力原文：W:Hi,Steve!

M:Hi,Jan.I'mplanningtogotoLondonbytrain.Doyouwanttocomewithme?

W:Butit'dbecheaperbybus.

M:I'vegotastudenttravelcard.Youcangetcheaptrainticketswithit.

W:Thatsoundsgood.Howmuchdoesitcost?

M:Acardforsixmonthsissixteenpounds.

W:SohowdoIgetone?

M:Youneedtwophotographs—oneforthecardandonefortheform.

W:There'saphotomachineinthepostoffice.Itgivesyoufourphotosforthreepounds.

M:Sodoestheoneinthelibrary.ButIwenttoaphotographer'sstudio.Itwascheaper.

W:Idon'thavetoshowmypassportormydrivinglicense,doI?

M:No,Jan,youonlyneedaletterfromyourcollege.

W:OK,I'llaskmyteacherforone.

M:Andthenyoutakeeverythingtothetouristofficeandaskthetravelagent.

W:Great,nexttimeyougotoLondon,I'llcometoo!

(23)

A.￡6.B.￡16.C.￡60.D.￡66.

37.

【B5】

38.SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthe

聽力原文：IBMresearchersareattemptingtowarmuphuman-computerrelationships.Forexample,IBM,InternationalBusinessMachines,hasbeenworkingongettingcomputerstorecognizehumangestures,suchasanarmwavetomoveacorrespondingobjectonscreen.Recently,thecompany'sresearchershavegoneastepfurtherbytrainingacomputertorecognizehumanemotions.

Todemonstratetheirprogress,IBMreliedoutPong,aroboticheadwithoutbodythatcanreacttohumanfacialexpressionswithasmileorafrownPongusesacameratocaptureyourgesturesinpainorangerorfrowningandusessoftwaretointerpretwhatitsees;Butdon'texpectyourcomputertostartgrinningatyouanytimesoon.Itwilltakeyearsfortheseexperimentstoproduceanythingoutofthelab.

Inthemeantime,youcangetatasteofthefuturebyplayingwithbasicgesture-recognitiontechnologyonyourownWindowsPC.WithaUSBvideocameraconnectedtoyourPC,Cybernet's$40Headhuntersoftwarecantrackandtranslateheadmovementsintogamecommands.Leanleft,forexample,andtheonscreenviewmovesleft.Cybernetprogrammerspointoutthatthisismorethanfunandgames:Thesoftwarecouldbeusedtoaidthehandicapped.

IBMresearchersareattemptingtowarmuphuman-computerrelationships.Forexample,IBM,InternationalBusinessMachines,hasbeenworkingongettingcomputerstorecognizehuman(36)______,suchasanarmwavetomovea(37)______objectonscreen.Recently,thecompany'sresearchershavegonea(38)______furtherbytrainingacomputertorecognizehuman(39)______.Todemonstratetheirprogress,IBM(40)______outPong,a(41)______headwithoutbodythatcanreacttohumanfacialexpressionswithasmileora(42)______Pongusesacamerato(43)______yourgesturesinpainorangerorfrowningandusessoftwaretointerpretwhatitsees.Butdon'texpectyourcomputertostartgrinningatyouanytimesoon.(44)____________.Inthemeantime,youcangetatasteofthefuturebyplayingwithbasicgesture-recognitiontechnologyonyourownWindowsPC.(45)____________.Cybernet's$40Headhuntersoftwarecantrackandtranslateheadmovementsintogamecommands.Leanleft,forexample,andtheonscreenviewmovesleft.Cybernetprogrammerspointoutthatthisismorethanfunandgames:(46)____________.

39.聽力原文：M:Thatwasaninterestingplay.IhopeyouenjoyitasmuchasIdid.

W:ImustadmitthatIleftforhomeafterthefirsttwentyminutes.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheplay?

(15)

A.Itwasinteresting.

B.Itwasfunny.

C.Itwasboring.

D.Itwasterrible.

40.聽力原文：W:Hi,Mike.

M:Hi.I'msurprisedtoseeyouonthecitybus.Whynotdriveyourcar?

W:(23)I'vebeenthinkingabouttheenvironmentlately.Ifweallusepublictransportationwhenwecould,theairwillbemuchcleaner.

M:Right.Butthebusisn'texactlypollutionfree.

W:True.Butthey'llberunningalotcleanersoon,Wewerejusttalkingaboutthatinmyenvironmentalengineeringclass.

M:What'sthecitygoingtodo?Installpollutionfiltersofsomesortontheirbuses?

W:Theycould,butthosefiltersmaketheenginesworkharderandreallycutdownonfuelefficiency.Insteadtheyfoundawaytomaketheirenginesmoreefficient.

M:How?

W:Well,(24)thereisamaterialcalledtheconiineoxide.It'sareallygoodinsulator.Andathickcoatofitgetssprayedonthecertainpartoftheengine.

M:Aninsulator?

W:Yes.(25)Itreflectsbacktheheatofburningfuel.Sothefuelwillburnmuchhotterandburnupmorecompletely.

M:Soalotlessunburnedfuelcomesouttopollutetheair,right?

W:Yeah,andthebuswillneedlessfuel.Sowiththesavingsonfuelcost,theysaythiswillallpayforitselfinjustsixmonths.

M:Soundslikepeopleshouldallgooutandgetthisstufftospraytheircarengines.

W:Well,notreallythateasy.Tomeltthematerialsbeforeyoucansprayacoatofitontheengineparts,youfirsthavetoheatitover10,000degrees.It'snotsomethingweareabletodoourselves.

(20)

A.Somethingiswrongwithhercar.

B.Thecostofthefuelishigh.

C.It'scheaptotakebus.

D.Shethinkspublictransportationisenvironmentalfriendly.

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20題)41.

Theword"cast"inthelastsentenceofthethirdparagraphisclosestinmeaningto______.

A.seizedB.pouredC.portrayedD.thrown

42.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.

Scientistshavedevelopedacomputerisedmind-readingtechniquewhichletsthemaccuratelypredicttheimagesthatpeoplearelookingatbyusingscannerstostudybrainactivity.

ThebreakthroughbyAmericanscientiststookMRI(磁共振成像)scanningequipmentnormallyusedinhospitaldiagnosistoobservepatternsofbrainactivitywhenasubjectexaminedarangeofblackandwhitephotographs.Thenacomputerwasabletocorrectlypredictinnineoutoftencaseswhichimagepeoplewerefocusedon.Guessworkwouldhavebeenaccurateonlyeighttimesinevery1000attempts.

Thestudyraisesthepossibilityinthefutureofthetechnologybeingharnessedtovisualisescenesfromaperson'sdreamsormemory.WritinginthejournalNature，thescientists，ledbyDrJackGallantfromtheUniversityofCaliforniaatBerkeley，said,“Ourresultssuggestthatitmaysoonbepossibletoreconstructapictureofaperson'svisualexperiencefrommeasurementsofbrainactivityalone.Imagineageneralbrain-readingdevicethatcouldreconstructapictureofaperson'svisualexperienceatanymomentintime.”

Itwillinevitablyalsoraisefearsthatasuspect'sbraincouldbeinterrogatedagainsthiswill，raisingthenightmarishpossibilityofinterrogationfor“thoughtcrimes”.Theresearcherssaythisiscurrentlyfirmlyintherealmofsciencefictionbecausethetechniquecanonlybeappliedtovisualimagesand，todate，theexperimentsrelyonclumsyMRIscanningequipmentandextremelypowerfulmagnets.Thesoftwaredecoderitselfhastobeadaptedtoeachindividualduringhoursoftrainingwhileillthescanner.

Howevertheteamhavewarnedaboutpotentialprivacyissuesinthefuturewhenscanningtechniquesimprove.“Itispossiblethatdecodingbrainactivitycouldhaveseriousethicalandprivacyimplicationsdownstreamin,say,the30-to-50-yeartimeframe，”saidProfGallant.“Webelievestronglythatnooneshouldbesubjectedtoanyform.ofbrain-readingprocessinvoluntarily,orwithoutcompleteinformedconsent.”

WhatdidtheAmericanscientistsusetoscrutinizepatternsofbrainactivity?

43.

Thedramaticincreaseoflandvalueincities______.

A.isadesirableresultofeconomicdevelopment

B.bringsaboutgreateropportunitiesforlanddealers

C.leadtoanefficient,positiveuseoflandintheform.ofverticalgrowth

D.isannoyinglyartificialandmeaningless

44.Whatisthepoliticalimplicationofthedemographicchangeinthedevelopedcountries?

A.Winningthesupportofolderpeoplewillbecomecrucialinpolitics.

B.Pensionpolicywillbecomeakeyissueinelections.

C.Immigrationshouldbebannedtomaintaintheworkforce.

D.Thedemographicchangewillchangethepoliticallandscapegreatly.

45.Whatissportsviolence?Thedistinctionbetweenunacceptableviciousnessandagame'snormalrough-and-tumble(混戰(zhàn))isimpossibletomake,orsotheargumentruns:Thispositionmayappealtoourinclinationforlegalism,butthetruthismostofusknowquitewellwhenanactofneedlesssavageryhasbeencommitted,andsportsarelittledifferentfromcountlessotheractivitiesoflife.Thedistinctionisasapparentasthatbetweenadeliberatelyaimedblowandthearmhailingofanathletelosinghisbalance.Whenaplayerbailshishandintoafist,whenhedriveshishelmetintoanunsuspectingopponentinshorts,whenhecrossestheboundarybetweenplayinghardandplayingtohurthecanonlyintendanactofviolence.

Admittedly,roughactsinsportsaredifficulttopolice.Buthere,too,wefindreflectedtheconditionsofeverydaylife.Ambiguitiesinthelaw,confusionatthescene,andthereluctanceofwitnessescloudalmostanyroutineassaultcase.Suchuncertainties,however,havenotpreventedsocietyfromarrestingpeoplewhostriketheirfellowcitizensonthestreet.

Perhapsourtroublesstemnotfromthegamesweplaybutratherfromhowweplaythem.The1979meetingbetweenhockey(曲棍球)starsfromtheSovietUnionandtheNationalHockeyLeagueprovidedadirecttestoftwoapproachestosport—theemphasisonskill,grace,andfinesse(技巧)bytheRussiansandthestressonbrutalityandviolencebytheNHL.Inastartlingupset,theRussiansembarrassedtheirrough-playingopponentsandexplodedalong-standingmyth:thatsuccessincertainsportsrequiresexcessiveviolence.

Violenceapologistscitetwoadditionalarguments:First,theysay,sportsalwayshavebeenrough;todaythingsarenodifferent.ButargumentsinAmerica'sOldWestWeresettled,onMainStreetwithsix-guns,andearlycave-dwellerschosetheirwomenwithaclub.Civilizinginfluencesendedthosepractices;yetwearetoldsportsviolenceshouldbetolerated.Thesecondcontentionisthatathletesacceptriskaspartofthegame,and,inthecaseofprofessionals,are

paidhandsomelytodoso.Butcananyoneseriouslyarguethatbeinganathleteshouldrequiretheacceptanceofunnecessaryphysicalabuse?And,exaggeratedasitmayseem,thepayofprofessionalathletespresumablyreflectstheirabilities,notapaymentagainstcombatinjuries.

"Clearlyweareindeeptrouble,"saysperplexedformerfootballplayerALDeRogatis."Buthowandwhyhasitgottensobad?"

Accordingtotheauthor,thedistinctionbetweenviolentactsandnon-violentonesinsportsis______.

A.impossibletomake

B.notveryclearinanycircumstances

C.tooobvioustoescapeobservation

D.notverydifficulttomakeifenoughattentionispaidto

46.

Whohadgas-masks?

47.AccordingtoSueMcMahon,whyareteachersincreasinglyanxious?

A.Theyreceivelesssupportfromthegovernment.

B.Studentsarebecomingmoredifficulttodealwith.

C.Thegovernmentmakesgreatdemandsonteachers.

D.Theyfindnowaytoescapethepressuresoflife.

48.Accordingtotheauthor,Toyota'sfastgrowthinrecentyearswasattributedto______.

49.SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.

Alcoholismcreatesmanyseverephysicalproblems.Morethanthreedrinksadayoverafewweekscausesdestructivechangesintheliver.About15percentofheavydrinkersdevelopcirrhosis,whichcanbefatal.Changesinthebrainandnervoussystemresultinhostilebehavior,lossofmentalsharpness,andpoorjudgment.

Onethirdofthebabiesborntomotherswhodrinkheavily,especiallyduringthefirsttrimester,havebirthdefectsorretardation.Thisconditioniscalled"fetalalcoholsyndrome".Somedrugs,suchastranquilizers,whentakenwithalcoholcanresultindeath.

Ithaslongbeenthoughtthatalcoholismresultedfromacombinationofpsychologicalandsocialfactors.Currentscientificresearchsuggeststhatatendencytoabusealcoholrunsinfamiliesandthataninheritedchemicaldefectalsoplaysarole.InApril1990researchersdiscoveredararegene,possiblyoneofseveral,thatmayincreasesusceptibilitytoalcoholism,suggestingthatalcoholismsometimesmaybeinherited.Inparticular,thedopamine-receptorgeneisbelievedtobeassociatedwithseverealcoholism,providingapossiblelinktosuchdisordersastourette'ssyndrome(抽動穢語綜合征),schizophrenia(精神分裂癥),andautism(孤獨癥).

Afamilyorindividualwithanalcoholismproblemisinserioustrouble.Thealcoholic'smaingoalistogetsomethingalcoholictodrink.Thedrinkingusuallycontinuesuntilthevictimisdrunk.Family,work,andfriendsareoflittleconcerncomparedtotheneedforalcohol.Drunkennessinhibitsthealcoholic'scontrolofnormalbehavior.anddepressestheabilitytoperform.eventhesimplestfunctions.

Manyresourcescanhelp,buttwoabsoluterulesapplytorecovery.Analcoholicmustacceptthefactthatthereisarealproblemanddecidetostopdrinking.Analcoholicmustalsorealizethatanyform.orquantityofalcoholisliterallypoisonous.Mosttreatmentexpertsbelievethat,wheninrecovery,analcoholiccannevertakeanotherdrink,foralcoholismisalifelongcondition.

Itisdifficulttobreakthealcoholiccycle,butitispossibletodosowiththehelpandsupportofothers.GroupssuchasAlcoholicsAnonymousandpsychiatric,psychologicalandsocialservicesareamongtheresourcesthathelpthealcoholictobecomeabstained.Sometimesabriefstayinadetoxification(戒除毒癮)unitinahospitalmaybenecessaryinorderforthebodytorestoreitself.

Accordingtothepassage,cirrhosis(Para.l)is______.

A.abadhabitresultingfromdrinkingtoomuch

B.aseverebraindisease

C.theinevitableresultofheavydrink

D.afatalliverdisease

50.

Whatcanwelearnabouttheassetmarketsfromthepassage?

A.ItisquestionablewhetherAmericaneconomycanproduceenoughassets.

B.Ifpensionsareownedbyprivatesector,baby-boomersdon'tneedtoworry.

C.Thepyramid-schemepatternofassetmarketsisundeniabllyfixed.

D.Saverscanalwayssellassetsathigherprices.

51.Wecanconcludefromthepassagethat______.

A.today'sunder-thirtiesareleadingamiserable