歐洲文化常識測試英語題型

《歐洲文化入門》復習題（一）DivisionOne:GreekCultureandRomanCultureGreekCulture.填空Europeancultureismadeupofmanyelements,twooftheseelementsareconsideredtobemoreenduringandtheyaretheGreco-RomanelementandtheJudeo-Christianelement.Greekculturereachedahighpointofdevelopmentinthe5thcentury.Inthesecondhalfofthe4thcenturyB.C.,allGreecewasbroughtundertheruleofAlexander,kingofMacedon.In146B.C.theRomansconqueredGreece.Greekculturereachedahighpointofdevelopmentinthe5thcentury.Revivedin1896,theOlympicGameshavebecometheworld,sforemostamateursportscompetition.AncientGreeksconsideredHomertobetheauthoroftheirepics.TheIliaddealswiththeallianceofthestatesofthesouthernmainlandofGreece,ledbyAgamemnonintheirwaragainstthecityofTroy.TheOdysseydealswiththereturnofOdysseusaftertheTrojanwartohishome,islandofIthaca.OfthemanylyricpoetsofancientGreece,twoarestilladmiredbyreaderstoday:SapphoandPindar.SapphowasconsideredthemostimportantlyricpoetofancientGreece.Pindarisbestknownforhisodescelebratingthevictoriesattheathleticgames,suchasthe14Olympicodes.ThethreegreattragicdramatistsofancientGreeceareAeschylus,Sophocles,andEuripides.AeschyluswrotesuchplaysasPrometheusBoundPersiansandAgamemnonSophocleswrotesuchtragicplaysasOedipustheKing,Electra,andAntigone.EuripideswrotemainlyaboutwomeninsuchplaysasAndromacheMedea,andTrojanWomenComedyalsoflourishedinthe5thcenturyB.C..ItsbestwriterwasAristophanes,whohasleftelevenplays,includingFrogs,Clouds,WaspsandBirds.Herodotusisoftencalled“FatherofHistory”.HewroteaboutthewarsbetweenGreeksandPersians.ThucydidesdescribedthewarbetweenAthensandSpartaandbetweenAthensandSyracuse,aGreekstateontheIslandofSicily.Pythagoraswasaboldthinkerwhohadtheideathatallthingswerenumbers.Pythagoraswasthefounderofscientificmathematics.Heracleituebelievedfiretotheprimaryelementoftheuniverse,outofwhicheverythingelsehadarisen.ThegreatestnamesinEuropeanphilosophyareSocrates,PlatoandAristotle.Democrituswasoneoftheearliestphilosophicalmaterialistsandspeculatedabouttheatomicstructureofmatter.Inthe4thcenturyB.C.,fourschoolsofphilosophersoftenarguedwitheachother,theyaretheCynics,theSceptics,theEpicureans,andtheStoics.Euclidiswell-knownforhisElements,atextbookofgeometry.Toillustratetheprincipleofthelevel,Archimedesissaidtohavetoldtheking:“Givemeaplacetostand,andIwillmovetheworld.”Greekarchitecturecanbegroupedintothreestyles:theDoricstylewhichisalsocalledthemasculinestyle;theIonicstylewhichisalsocalledthefemininestyle;andalaterstylethatiscalledtheCorinthianstyle.TheAcropolisatAthensandtheParthenonarethefinestmonumentofGreekarchitectureandsculptureinmorethan2000years.Inthe20thcentury,thereareHomericparallelsintheIrishmanJamesJoycemodernistmasterpieceUlysses.選擇1.Whichculturereachedahighpointofdevelopmentinthe5thcenturyB.C.?GreekCultureRomanCultureEgyptianCultureChineseCulture2.IntheRomanconqueredGreece.1200B.C.700B.C.146B.C.The5thcenturyWhichofthefollowingworksdescribedthewarledbyAgamemnonagainstthecityofTroy?A.OedipustheKingB.IliadC.OdysseyD.AntigoneWhichofthefollowingisNOTtheplayswrittenbyAeschylus?AntigoneAgamemnonPersiansD.PrometheusBound5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtheplayswrittenbySophocles?ElectraAntigoneTrojanWomanOedipustheKing6.WhichofthefollowingistheplaywrittenbyEuripides?AntigonePersiansElectraD.Medea7.WhichofthefollowingisNOTthegreatesttragicdramatistofancientGreece?AristophanesEuripidesSophoclesAeschylus8.Whoeversaidthat“Youcannotsteptwiceintothesameriver”'？PythagorasHeracleitusAristotle9.Whowasthefounderofscientificmathematics?HeracleitusAristotleSocratesPythagoras10.Whoischieflynotedforhisdoctrinethat“manisthemeasureofallthings”？ProtagorasPythagorasPyrrhonEpicurusIII.名詞解釋AeschylusPlatoTheCynicsIV.簡答與問答WhatarethemajorelementsinEuropeanculture?WhatwerethemainfeaturesofancientGreeksociety?WhoweretheoutstandingdramatistsofancientGreece?Whatimportantplaysdideachofthemwrite?TellsomeofPlato,sideas.Whydopeoplecallhimanidealist?GivesomeexamplestoshowtheenormousinfluenceofGreekcultureonEnglishliterature.RomanCultureI.填空TheburningofCorinthin146B.C.markedRomanconquestofGreece,whichwasthenreducedtoaprovinceoftheRomanEmpire.TheRomanwriterHoracesaid:“CaptiveGreecetookherrudeconquerorcaptive”.In27B.C.OctaviustooksupremepowerasemperorwiththetitleofAugustus.TheRomansenjoyedalongperiodofpeacelastingtwohundredyears,aremarkablephenomenoninhistoryknownasthePaxRomana.Inthe4thcentury,theemperorConstantinemovedthecapitalfromRometoByzantium,renameditConstantinople(modernIstanbul).In476thelastemperorofthewestwasdeposedbytheCothsandmarkedtheendoftheWestRomanEmpire.TheEastRomanEmpirecollapsedwhenConstantinoplefelltotheTurksin1453.JuliusCaesarrecordedwhathedidandsawinthevariousmilitarycampaignshetookpartinandthesewritings,collectedinhisCommentariesaremodelsofsuccinctLatin.VirgilwasthegreatestofLatinpoetsandwrotethegreatepic,theAeneid.ThePantheonisthegreatestandthebestpreservedRomantemple,whichwasbuiltin27B.C.Andreconstructedinthe2thcenturyA.D..She-wolfisthestatuewhichillustratesthelegendofcreationofRoman.II.選擇1.Whowrote,“Icame,Isaw,Iconquered”?HoraceJuliusCaesarVirgilD.MarcusTulliusCicero2.TheauthorofthephilosophicalpoemOntheNatureofthingss.VirgilJuliusCaesarHoraceLucretius3.WhichofthefollowingisnotRomanarchitecture?TheColosseumThePanthenonTheParthenonD.PontduGard4.Whowrote,“CaptiveGreecetookherrudeconquerorcaptivR'?SapphoPlatoVirgilHoraceIII.名詞解釋.JuliusCaesar.ThePaxRomanaIV.簡答與問答WhatdidtheRomanshaveincommonwiththeGreeks?Andwhatwasthechiefdifferencebetweenthem?WhatisthebookforwhichVirgilhasbeenfamousthroughoutthecenturies?InwhatwayisthebooklinkedwiththeGreekpast?WhydowesayAeneasisatrulytragichero?DivisionTwo:TheBibleandChristianityTheOldTestamentI填空題Amongallthereligionsbywhichpeopleseektoworship,ChristianityisbyfarthemostinfluentialintheWest.BothJudaismandChristianityoriginatedinPalestinethehubofmigrationandtraderoutes,whichledtoexchangeofideasoverwideareas.Some3800yearsagotheancestorsoftheJews-theHebrews-wanderedthroughthedesertsoftheMiddleEast.About1300B.C.,theHebrewscametosettleinPalestine,knownasCanaanatthattime,andformedsmallkingdoms.ThekingoftheHebrewswashandeddownorallyfromonegenerationtoanotherintheformoffolktalesandstories,whichwererecordedlaterintheOldTestamentTheBibleisacollectionofreligiouswritingscomprisingtwoparts:theOldTestamentandtheNewTestament.TheoldTestamentconsistsof39books,theoldestandmostimportantofwhicharefirstfivebooks,calledPentateuch.WhentheHebrewsleftthedesertandenteredthemountainousSinai,MosesclimbedtothetopofthemountaintoreceivefromGodmessage,whichcametobeknownastheTenCommandments.ChronologicallyAmosistheearliestprophetintheOldTestament.InBabyloninthe6thcenturyB.C.,theHebrews,nowknownasJews,formedsynagoguestopractisetheirreligion.II選擇題WhichofthefollowingisbyfarthemostinfluentialintheWest?A.BuddismB.Islamism C.ChristianityD.JudaismTheOldTestamentconsistsof39books,theoldestandmostimportantofwhicharethefirstfivebooks,called.A.Exodus B.CommandmentsC.Amos D.PentaeuchWhichofthefollowingisNOTthecontentoftheTenCommandments?HonouryourfatherandyourmotherDonotcommitsuicideDonotdesireyourneighbour,swifeDonottakethenameofGodinvainWheninBabylontheHebrewsformedsynagoguestopractisetheirreligion?A.in169B.C. B.inthe4thcenturyC.in76B.C. D.inthe6thcenturym名詞解釋theBiblethePentateuchTenCommandmentsW簡答與問答WhatwastheHebrewsmajorcontributiontoworldcivilization?WhydowesayJudaismandChristianityarecloselyrelated?WhataretheTenCommandmentsabout?RiseofChristianityI填空題Attheageof30,JesusreceivedthebaptismatthehandsofJohnBaptist.JesusspentmostofhislifeinGalilee,whereheapparentlymadeasensation.JesusofNazarethlivedinPalestineduringthereignofthefirstRomanEmperorAugustus.JesuswentwithhisdisciplestoJerusalemforthePassover,butwasbetrayedbyJuda.In313theEdictofMilanwasissuedbyConstantineIandgrantedreligiousfreedomtoallandmadeChristianitylegal.In392A.D,EmperorTheodosiusmadeChristianitytheofficialreligionsoftheempireandoutlawedallotherreligions.AfterJesusdied,St.PeterandSt.PaulledthedisciplesofJesustospreadgospelintheMediterraneanregions.n選擇題AfterthecenturyNestorianismreachedChina.A.sixth B.fifth C.second D.thirdWhichofthefollowingemperorsmadeChristianitytheofficialreligionoftheempireandoutlawedallotherreligions?A.Theodosius B.Augustus C.ConstantineID.NeroCaesarWhichofthefollowingemperorsissuedtheEdictofMilanandmadeChristianitylegalin313?A.Augustus B.Thedosius C.Nero D.ConstantineIAttheageof30,JesusChristreceivedthebaptismatthehandsof.

A.St.PeterWycliffB.St.PaulC.JohnBaptistA.St.PeterWycliffB.St.PaulC.JohnBaptistD.Johnm名詞解釋l.TheEdictofMilanW簡答與問答l.HowdidtherelationsbetweenChristiansandtheRomangovernmentchange?TheNewTestamentI填空題By300A.D.eachlocalchurchwascalledaparishandhadafulltimeleaderknownaspriest.TowardstheendofhefourthcenturyfouraccountswereacceptedaspartoftheNewTestament,whichtellsthebeginningofChristianity.WhenasJesus,motherMarywasespousedtoJoseph,beforetheycametogether,shewasfoundwithchildoftheHolyGhostJesuswentwithhisdisciplestoJerusalemforthePassover,butwasbetrayedbyJudaandcaughtattheLastSupper.TranslationsoftheBibleI填空題ExceptafewpassagesintherelatedArmaicdialecttheOldTestamentwasoriginallywritteninHebrew.AndtheNewTestamentwasoriginallywritteninapopularformofGreek.TheoldestextantGreektranslationoftheOldTestamentisknownastheSeptuagint,asaccordingthefictionalletterofAristeas,itwastranslatedby72translatorsin72days.ThemostancientextantLatinversionofthewholeBibleistheVulgateedition,whichwasdonein384—405A.D.bySt.Jeromeincommonpeople'slanguage.ThefirstEnglishversionofwholeBiblewastranslatedfromtheLatinVulgatein1382andwascopiedoutbyhandbytheearlygroupofreformersledbyJohnWycliff.ThemostimportantandinfluentialofEnglishBibleistheAuthorized”orKingJames,version,firstpublishedin1611.n選擇題By1693,thewholeoftheBiblehadbeentranslatedinlanguages.A.228 B.974 C.1202 D.154TheoldestextantGreektranslationoftheOldTestamentisknownasA.theLatinVulgate B.theAristeasC.the“Authorized” D.theSeptuagintWhenprintingwasinventedinthe15007s,theBiblewasthefirstcompleteworkprinted.A.English B.Latin C.Aramaic D.HebrewWhendidthestandardAmericaneditionoftheRevisedVersionappear?A.1885 B.1611 C.1901 D.1979DivisionThree:TheMiddleAgesManorandChurchI填空題InEuropeanhistory,thethousandyearperiodfollowingthefalloftheWestRomanEmpireinthefifthcenturyiscalledtheMiddleAges.Betweenthefifthandeleventhcenturies,WestEuropewasthesceneoffrequentwarsandinvasions.TheMiddleAgeisaperiodinwhichclassical,HebrewandGothicheritagemerged.FeudalisminEuropewasmainlyasystemoflandholding—asystemofholdinglandinexchangeformilitaryservice.In732CharlesMartel,aFrankishrulergavehissoldiersestatesknownasfiefsasarewardfortheirservice.Thecenterofmedievallifeunderfeudalismwasthemanor.Bythe12thcenturymanorhousescametobecalledcastle,whichweremadeofstoneanddesignedasfortress.Asaknight,hewaspledgedtoprotecttheweak,tofightforthechurch,tobeloyaltohislordandtorespectwomenofnoblebirth.Theseruleswereknownascodeofchivalry,fromwhichthewesternideaofgoodmannersdeveloped.Inthemedievaldaysaknightwastrainedforwarbyfightingeachotherinmockbatterscalledtournaments.After1054,theChurchwasdividedintotheRomanCatholicChurchandtheEasternOrthodoxChurch.ThemostimportantofalltheleadersofChristianthoughtwasAugustineofHippowholivedinNorthAfricainthefifthcentury.Underfeudalism,peopleofwesternEuropeweremainlydividedintothreeclasses:clergy,10rdsandpeasants.ThePopenotonlyruledRomanandpartsofItalyasaking,hewasalsotheheadofallChristianchurchesinwesternEurope.IntheMedievaltimestheChurchsetupachurchcourt—theInquisitiontostampoutso-calledheresy.OneofthemostimportantsacramentswasHolyCommunion,whichwastoremindpeoplethatChristhaddiedtoredeemman.Toexpresstheirreligiousfeelings,manypeopleintheMiddleAgeswentonjourneystosacredplaceswhereearlyChristianleadershadlived.ThemostimportantofallwasJerusalem.WithareturnattackagainsttheMoslems,theWesternChristianslaunchedaseriesofholywarscalledtheCrusades.n選擇題Inthelaterpartofthe4thcentury,whichofthefollowingtribessweptintoEuropefromcentralAsia,robbingandkillingalargenumbersofthehalfcivilizedGermanictribes?A.theMongolians B.theHunsC.theTurkish D.theSyriansTheMiddleAgesisalsocalledthe.A.“AgeofChristianity55 B.“AgeofLiterature”C.“AgeofHolySpirit” D.“AgeofFaith”Accordingtothecodeofchivalry,whichofthefollowingisnotpledgedtodoforaknight?Tobeloyaltohislord B.TofightforthechurchToobeywithoutquestiontheordersoftheabbotTorespectwomenofnoblebirthIn732,whogavehissoldiersestatesknownasfiefsasarewardfortheirservice? A.CharlesMartel,aFrankishrulerB.CharlesI,aTurkishrulerC.ConstantineI,aFrankishrulerD.St.Benedict,aItalianrulerWhenwastheChurchdividedintotheRomanCatholicChurchandEasternOrthodoxChurch?A.after1066 B.after1296 C.after1054D.after476WhichofthefollowingabouttheknightornobleintheMiddleAgesinWesternEuropeisNOTtrue?AlmostallnobleswereknightsintheMedievaldays.Anoblebeganhiseducationasapageattheageofseven.Asaknight,hewaspledgedtofightforthechurch.Ataboutfourteen,thepagebecameaknight.WhenwasanoblecrownedasaknightintheMiddleAgesinWesternEurope?Attheageof14.Whenhewastaughttosayhisprayers,learnedgoodmannersandranerrandsfortheladies.Ataspecialceremonyknownasdubbing.Whenhewaspledgedtofightforthechurch.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutwhatthemonksmustdobeforeenteringthemonasteryaccordingtotheBenedictineRule?Theyhadtoattendservice6timesduringthedayandonceatmidnight.Theycouldpromisetogiveupalltheirpossessionbeforeenteringthemonastery.Theywereexpectedtowork5hoursadayinthefieldssurroundingthemonastery.Theyhadtoobeywithoutquestiontheordersoftheabbot.Underfeudalism,whatwerethethreeclassesofpeopleofwesternEurope?A.clergy,knightsandserfs B.Pope,bishopandpeasantsC.clergy,lordsandpeasants D.knights,noblesandserfsBywhichyeartheMoslemshadtakenoverthelastChristianstrongholdandwonthecrusadesandruledalltheterritoryinPalestinethatthecrusadershadfoughttocontrol?A.1270 B.1254C.1096 D.1291m名詞解釋theMiddleAgesManorCodeofChivalryBenedictineRuletheCrusadesW簡答與問答WhowasCharlesMartel?Whatwasthedifferencebetweenaserfandafreeman?Intowhatthreegroupswerepeopledividedunderfeudalism?WhathappenedinWesternEuropeafterthedeclineoftheRomanEmpire?LearningandScience,Literature,ArtandArchitectureI填空題Charlemagne,whotemporarilyrestoredorderinwesternandcentralEurope,wasperhapsthemostimportantfigureofthemedievalperiod.Charlemagnewascrowed“EmperoroftheRomans“bythePopein800.TheSummaTheologicabySt.ThomasAquinasformsanenormoussystemandsumsupalltheknowledgeofmedievaltheology.RogerBaconwasoneoftheearliestadvocatesofScientificresearchandcalledforcarefulobservationandexperimentation.“Nationalepic”referstotheepicwritteninvernacularlanguages-thatis,thelanguagesofvariousnationalstatesthatcameintobeingintheMiddleAges.BeowulfisanAnglo-Sexonepic,inalliterativeverse,originatingfromthecollectiveeffortsoforalliterature.DanteAlighieriwasthegreatestpoetofItaly,hismasterpiece,TheDivineComedyisoneofthelandmarksofworldliterature.ChaucerwasagreatEnglishpoet,TheCanterburyTaleswerehismostpopularworkfortheirpowerofobservation,piercingirony,senseofhumorandwarmhumanity.ChaucerwritersindialectusedbyLondoners,andbythesheerweightandpopularityofhiswritingshesetsitfirmlyonthewaytowardsModernEnglish.ThestyleofarchitectureunderRomanesqueartischaracterizedbymassiveness,solidityandmonumentalitywithalloverallblockyappearance.TheGothicstylestartedinFranceandquicklyspreadthroughallpartsofwesternEurope.n選擇題Whichofthefollowingwascrowned“EmperoroftheRomans”bythePopein800? A.St.ThomasAquinas B.CharlemagneC.Constantine D.KingJamesWhowastheruleroftheAnglo-SaxonkingdomofWessexandcontributedgreatlytothemedievalEuropeanculture?A.CharlesI B.ConstantineIC.AlfredtheGreat D.CharlestheGreatDoesSongofRolandbelongtowhichcountry,sepic?A.English B.GermanicC.Hebrew D.FrenchWhoistheauthoroftheOpusMaiu9A.RogerBacon B.DanteAlighieriC.Chaucer D.St.ThomasAquinas皿名詞解釋CarolingianRenaissanceBeowulfSongofRolandTheCanterburytalesRomanesqueGothicW簡答與問答.WhatwasthemeritwhichCharlemagneandAlfredtheGreatshare?DivisionIV:RenaissanceandReformationRenaissanceinItalyI填空題Generallyspeaking,Renaissancereferstotheperiodbetweenthe14thandmid17thcentury.HumanismistheessenceoftheRenaissance.Inessence,RenaissancewasahistoricalperiodinwhichtheEuropeanhumanistthinkersandscholarsmadeattemptstogetridofconservatisminfeudalistEuropeandintroducenewideasthatexpressedtheinterestsofbourgeoisie,tolifttherestrictionsinallareasplacedbytheRomanChurchauthorities.RenaissancestartedinFlorenceandVenicewiththefloweringofpaintings,sculptureandarchitecture.Beginningfromthe11thcentury,citiesbegantoriseincentralandnorthItaly.Decameronisacollectionof100talestoldby7youngladiesand3youngergentlemenontheirwaytoescapetheBlackDeathof1348.PetrachwasbestknownforCanzoniersabookoflyricalsongswritteninhisItaliandialect.TheRenaissanceartistsintroducedintheirworksscientifictheoriesofanatomyandperspective.ThefourrepresentativeartistsofHighRenaissanceinItalyareLeonardodaVinci,michelangelo,RaphaelandTitian.LoenardodaVinci,smajorworks:LastSupperisthemostfamousofreligiouspictures;MonaLisaprobablyistheworld,smostfamousportrait.Michelangelocreatedastyleofartinwhichhefreedhimselffromtheoldtraditionofdecorationontheonehandanddocumentaryrealismontheother.Titian,spaintingisacknowledgedtohaveestablishedoilcolouroncanvasasthetypicalmediumofthepictorialtraditioninwesternart.Inworldtrade,ItalyhadlostitssupremacybecauseofthediscoveryofAmericain1492andtheroundingoftheCapeofGoodHopein1488,theopeningofanall-waterroutetoIndiawhichprovidedacheapermeansoftransport.Petrachislookedupasthefatherofmodernpoetry.ItalyisregardedasthebirthplaceoftheRenaissance.n選擇題WheredidtheRenaissancestartwiththefloweringofpaintings,sculptureandarchitecture?A.inGreeceandRome B.inFlorenceandVeniceC.inMilanandFlorence D.inItalyandGermanyWhendidtheRenaissancereachitsheightwithitscentermovingtoMilan,thentoRome,andcreatedHighRenaissance?A.inthe11thcentury B.inthe15thcenturyC.inthe16thcentury D.inthe17thcenturyWhichofthefollowingworksiswrittenbyBoccaccio?A.Decameron B.CanzoniersC.DavidD.MosesWhoistheauthorofthepainting,BetrayalofJudas?A.Giotto B.BrunelleschiC.DonatelloD.GiorgioneWhichofthefollowingHighRenaissanceartistsisthefatherofthemodernmodeofpainting?A.Raphael B.Titian C.daVinciD.MichelangeloWhichofthefollowingHighRenaissanceartistswasbestknownforhisMadona(VirginMary)?A.Titian B.daVinci C.MichelangeloD.RaphaelWhichofthefollowingpaintingswasbasedonthestoryintheBiblewithMariaridingonadonkeyreadytofacethehardshipahead?A.Tempesta B.SacredandProfaneLoveC.FlightintoEgypt D.TheReturnoftheHuntersm名詞解釋RenaissanceDecameronW簡答與問答WhatmadeItalythebirthplaceoftheRenaissance?Whatarethemainelementsofhumanism?HowaretheseelementsreflectedinartandliteratureduringtheItalianRenaissance?HowdidItalianRenaissanceartandarchitecturebreakawayfrommedievaltradition?InwhatwaywasLeonardodaVinciimportantduringtheRenaissance?ReformationandCounter-ReformationI填空題TheReformationledbyMartinLutherwhichsweptoverthewholeofEuropewasaimedatopposingtheabsoluteauthorityoftheRomanCatholicChurchandreplacingitwiththeabsoluteauthorityoftheBible.MartinLutherwastheGermanleaderoftheProtestantReformation.HisdoctrinemarkedthefirstbreakintheunityoftheCatholicChurch.WhenthePoperefusedtorecognizedHenry'smarriagewithAnneBoleyn,BritishParliament,in1534,passedtheActofSupremacywhichmarkedtheformalbreakoftheBritishwiththePapalauthorities.IgnatiusandhisfollowerscalledthemselvestheJesuits,membersoftheSocietyofJesus.JohnCalvinputhistheologicalthoughtsinhisInstitutesoftheChristianReligion,whichwasconsideredoneofthemostinfluentialtheologicalworksofalltimes.n選擇題.WhotookupthetranslationoftheBibleintoEnglishforthefirsttime?A.JanHus B.JohnWyliff C.MartinLutherD.JohnCalvin.WhoistheauthorInstitutesoftheChristianReligionA.JohnWycliff B.JanHus C.JohnCalvinD.Erasmus3.InwhosereigndidtheformalbreakoftheBritishwiththepapalauthoritiestakeplace?

A.ElizabethIB.WilliamIC.EdwardIIID.HenryA.ElizabethIB.WilliamIC.EdwardIIID.HenryVIII4.AftertheformalbreakoftheBritishwiththepapalauthorities,whowastheheadofthechurch?A.King B.Pope C.Bishop D.Queenm名詞解釋CalvinismtheCouncilofTrentCounter-ReformationW簡答與問答WhatarethedoctrinesofMartinLuther?WhatwasthesignificanceoftheReformationinEuropeancivilization?RenaissanceinotherCountriesI填空題TheProtestantgroupinFrancewasknownastheHuguenotswhoserivalrywiththeCatholicChurchledtothewarsofreligionfrom1562to1598.In1492theMoorsthathadruledSpainforfourcenturiesweredrivenoutfromtheirlaststronghold.In1492ColumbusdiscoveredAmericanandclaimedAmericaforSpain.TheauthorofDonQuixoteisCervantes.AlbrechtDurerwastheleaderoftheRenaissanceinGermany.Hisengravingsareunsurpassedandhispaintingsofanimalsandplantsareexceedinglysensitive.UnderthereignofElizabethI,Englandbegantoembarkontheroadtocolonizationandforeigncontrolthatwastotakeitontoitsheydayofcapitalistdevelopment.ThomasMorewasagreathumanistduringtheRenaissance.AmonghiswritingsthebestknownisUtopiaCervantescrownedliteratureofSpainandShakespeareofEnglandduringtheRenaissance.n選擇題WhichofthefollowingworkswaswrittenbyRabelais,inwhichhepraisesthegreatnessofman,expresseshisloveofloveandhisreverenceandsympathyforhumanistlearning?A.GargantuaandPantagruel B.DonQuixoteC.ThePraiseofFolly D.UtopiaWhosemottoputdowninhisessays“WhatdoKnow”isworldfamous?A.Cervantes B.Rabelais C.MontaigneD.ShakespeareWhichofthefollowingworksisworthreadingforMontaigneshumanistideasandastylewhichiseasyandfamiliar?A.Sonnets B.Decameron C.RabelaisD.OfRepentanceWhichofthefollowingisNOTFrenchwriterpoet?A.Cervantes B.PierredeRonsardC.Rabelais D.MontaigneIn1516whopublishedthefirstGreekeditionoftheNewTestament?A.Bruegel B.Erasmus C.ElGrecoD.Rabelais“Tobe,ornottobe,--thatisthequestion“fromwhoseworks?A.Chaucer B.Dante C.RogerBaconD.Shakespearem簡答與問答1.WhydidEnglandcomelaterthanothercountriesduringtheRenaissance?InwhatwaywasEnglishRenaissancedifferentfromthatofothercountries?Whowerethemajorfiguresandwhatweretheircontributions?ScienceandTechnologyduringtheRenaissanceI填空題TheRenaissancewasthegoldenageofgeographicaldiscoveries:bytheyearof1600thesurfaceoftheknownearthwasdoubled.ColumbuswasaGenoese-bornnavigatoranddiscovereroftheNewWorld.DiaswasaPortuguesenavigatorwhodiscoveredtheCapeofGoodHope.VascodaGamawasaPortuguesenavigator,whodiscoveredtheroutetoIndiaroundtheCapeofGoodHopebetweentheyearof1497and1498.AmerigoVespucciwastheItaliannavigatorinwhosehonorAmericawasnamedAmerigoVespuccidiscoveredandexploredthemouthoftheAmazonandacceptedSouthAmericaasanewcontinent.Copernicuscametobeknownasfatherofmodernastronomy.DuringhislifetimeLeonardodaVincidissectedmorethanthirtycorpseandwasagreatanatomistinItaly.AndreasVesaliuswasthefounderofmodernmedicine.VesaliuswasaFlemishanatomist.HisworkFabricamarkedthebeginningofanewerainthestudyofanatomy.Machiavelliwascalled“Fatherofpoliticalscience“intheWest.TheReformationshatteredMedievalChurch,sstiflingcontroloverman,thuspavingthewayforcapitalism.n簡答與問答hatweresomeofthescientificadvancesduringtheRenaissance?DivisionFive:TheSeventeenthCenturyScienceI填空題AlthoughCopernicusdidnotbelongtothe17hcentury,hewastheimmediateforerunnerofmodernscience.Inthe15thcentury,thePtolemaicsystemhadbeenacceptedbyalmostalllearnedmen,whichsaidthattheearthwasthecenteroftheuniverse,whichwasinagr