2021屆北京市第一六五中學(xué)高三英語模擬試卷及參考答案

2021屆北京市第一六五中學(xué)高三英語模擬試卷及參考答案第一部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項AWashingtonD.C.SightseeingWiththeinformationbelow,you’renotmissinganythinginD.C.!ClickHeretofindtheperfecthotelforyourstayaswell.TheOldTownTrolleyTourItofferssomethingforthewholefamily.Notonlywillitgivethemsomethingfuntodo,butitwillgivethemahistorylesson.Thistourwilllastaboutthreehoursandit’sproperforpeopleofallages.AfricanAmericanHistoryTourBesuretotakethistourbecauseAfricanAmericanshavehadanimportantroleinthemakingofourcountry.Takethishistoricalfour-hourtour,whereyouwillvisitsomeimportantsitesincludingMuseumofAfricanAmericanHistoryandCulture.ComedyWalksWashingtonD.C.Thisisagreatexperienceallowingyoutoenjoythecapitalinanewway.Thewalkingtourlastsforaboutonehourandthirtyminutes,whichtakesplaceinlessthanamilejourneyfromthestartingplace.D.C.TwilightTourCheckouttheD.C.TwilightTourforauniqueviewofsomeofthemostfamoussites!Whatmakesthistwo-hourguidedtourtrulyuniqueisthatyoucanviewmanywonderfulsitesatnighttime!1.Whichtourisrecommendedtoatouristwhoisfondofhiking?A.TheOldTownTrolleyTourC.ComedyWalksWashingtonD.C.2.Whichtourlastslongest?A.TheOldTownTrolleyTourC.ComedyWalksWashingtonD.C.B.AfricanAmericanHistoryTourD.D.C.TwilightTourB.AfricanAmericanHistoryTourD.D.C.TwilightTourWherewillyoureadthistextmostlikely?A.Inaguidebook. B.Inamagazine.C.Inanewspaper.D.OntheInternet.BA25-year-oldAmericanwithauniversitydegreecanexpecttoliveadecadelongerthanapeerwhodroppedoutofhighschool.Althoughresearchershavelongknownthattherichlivelongerthanthepoor,thiseducationgapislesswelldocumented.AndalthoughtheaverageAmerican'sexpectedspan（預(yù)期壽命）hasbeensmoothinrecentyear—and,shockingly,evenfellbetween2015and2017—thatoftheone-thirdwithabachelor’sdegreehascontinuedtolengthen.Thisgapinlifeexpectancyisgrowing,accordingtonewresearchpublishedinthereportoftheNationalAcademyofSciences.AnneCaseandAngusDeationofPrincetonUniversityfoundthatthelifespansofthosewithandwithoutabachelor’sdegreestartedtobecomedifferentinthe1990sand2000s.Thisgapgrewevenwiderinthe2010s.Whatisthelinkbetweenschoolingandlongevity（長壽）？Somearguethatbetter-educatedpeopledevelophealthierlifestyles:eachadditionalyearofstudyreducesthechancesofbeingasmokerandofbeingoverweight.Thebetter-educatedearnmore,whichinturnisassociatedwithgreaterhealth.MsCaseandMrDeatonarguethatchangesinlabormarkets,includingtheriseofautomationandincreaseddemandforhighly-educatedworkers,coupledwiththerisingcostsofemployer-providedhealthcare,havedecreasedthesupplyofwell-paidjobsforthosewithoutadegree.Thismaybecontributingtohigherratesofalcoholanddruguse,suicideandother“deathsofdespair”.Theauthorsarguedthattheeducationalgapinmortality（致死率）willwideninthewakeofthecovid-19pandemic.ForAmerica’soveralllifeexpectancytostartclimbingagain,improvementswillbeneededacrossallsocialgroups,notjustamongtheprivilegedfew.Whendidthelifespansofpeoplewithandwithoutadegreevarygreatly?A.Inthe1990s. B.Inthe2020sC.Inthe2000s D.Inthe2010sAccordingtothearticle,changesinlabormarketsreducejobsforthosewithoutadegree.WhichchangeisNOTincluded?Therisingspendingofemployer-providedhealthcare.Thegapinlifeexpectancy.Raisedrequestforbetter-educatedworkers.Thedevelopmentofautomation.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“inthewakeof”probablymeanA.afterB.untilC.beforeD.whileWhatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Changesinlabormarket.QuitbadhabitsbyFurtherstudyEducatedAmericanslivelonger.Highly-educatedpeopledevelophealthierlifestyles.CSimplybeingquietisagrowingappeal.Lotsofbusinesshaveappearedtomeetarisingdemandforquiettime,fromsilentweekendgetawaystosilentdining,silentreadingpartiesandevensilentdating.Silencecanmeandifferentthingstodifferentpeople.Weareusuallysilentonlywiththoseclosesttous.Sothereissomethingalmostradical（不同凡響的）abouttherecenttrendtowardsenjoyingsilencewithstrangers.MarielstartedaregularsilentreadingpartyinDundeejustunderayearago.Readersbringtheirbooksandmeetinabar,wheretheyreadtogetherinsilenceforanhourorsometimestwoandthenputtheirbooksawaytochatandhaveadrink.“Whenthereadingpartystarts,everythinggoesquiet,”saysMariel,“It’salittlebitsurreal（超現(xiàn)實的）,especiallyinwhatisusuallyanoisybar.However,thereissomethingspecialaboutsharingthesilencewithothers.Itoffersachancetoescapefromreality;everyoneissobusywithworkandwithtechnologybeingeverpresent.Aneventlikethisgivespeopletheopportunitytoescapethesethingsforawhile.”HoniRyanisanartistbasedinBerlinwhobeganhostingsilentdinnerbackin2006.Therulesofthedinnerare:notalking,nousingyourvoice,noreadingorwriting,tryingtomakeaslittlenoiseaspossible,notconnectingwithtechnology,andstayingforatleasttwohours.SofarshehastakenhersilentdinnerprojecttoMexico,theUS,AustraliaandChina.“It’sevidentthattheage-oldconnectionswemakeoverfooddonotdependonthewordsaroundit.Silencecreatesthespaceforthepeopleandplacesinvolvedtofillwithwhateverisneeded;itisquitedifferentfromourusualsocialbehaviors.”8.Whyhavelotsofsilentbusinessesappeared?Tosatisfypeople’sdemandforsilence.Tomakepeoplegetclosetoeachother.Toappealtoyoungpeople.Tochangepeople’soldwayoflife.WhatcanwelearnaboutMariel’ssilentreadingparties?Readerscanusetheirvoicewhilereading.Readerscanbebusywiththeirwork.Readerscanconnectwithtechnology.Readerscanchatanddrinkafterreading.Theunderlinedword“it”inthelastparagraphrefersto.A.noise B.space C.silence D.foodWhatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.EscapefromReality. B.EnjoyingBeingQuiet.C.SilentReadingParties. D.SilentDiningProjects.DEarthquakesareanaturaldisaster—exceptwhenthey'reman-made.Theoilandgasindustryhasforcefullyusedthetechniqueknownashydraulicfracturing（水力壓裂法）todestroysub-surfacerockandliberatetheoilandgashidingthere.Buttheprocessresultsinlargeamountsofchemical-filledwastewater.Horizontaldrilling（水平鉆孔）foroilcanalsoproducelargeamountofnatural,unwantedsaltwater.Theindustrydealswiththiswastewaterbypumpingitintodeepwells.OnMonday,theUSGeologicalSurveypublishedforthefirsttimeanearthquakedisastermapcoveringbothnaturaland“induced”quakes.ThemapandareportshowthatpartsofthecentralUnitedStatesnowfaceaground-shakingdisasterequaltothefamouslyunstableterrain（不穩(wěn)定地形）ofCalifornia.Some7millionpeopleliveinplaceseasilyattackedbytheseman-madequakes,theUSGSsaidThelistofplacesathighestriskofman-madeearthquakesincludesOklahoma,Kansas,Texas,Arkansas,Colorado,NewMexico,OhioandAlabama.Mostoftheseearthquakesarelysmall,intherangeofmagnitude（震級）3,butsomehavebeenmorepowerful,includingamagnitude5.6earthquakein2011inOklahomathatwasconnectedtowastewaterfilling.Scientistssaidtheydonotknowifthereisanupperlimitonthemagnitudeofman-madeearthquakes;thisisanareaofactiveresearchOklahomahashadprehistoricearthquakesaspowerfulasmagnitude7.It'snotimmediatelyclearwhetherthisnewresearchwillchangeindustrypractices,orevenwhetheritwillsurpriseanyoneintheareasofnewlysupposeddanger.InOklahoma,forexample,thenaturalrateofearthquakesisonlyoneortwoayear,buttherehavebeenhundredssincehydraulicfracturingandhorizontaldrilling,withthewastewaterfilling,becamecommoninthelasttenyears.Whatkindofhumanactivitiescancauseearthquakes?Theman-madeproducedwastewaterinthefactories.Theprocessofdiggingdeepwellsinthosepoorareas.Theadvancedtechniquesusedtodealwithwastewater.Theoilorgasindustry'sworkconnectedwiththeearth.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“induced”inparagraph2mean?A.Man-made. B.Reduced.C.Newly-built. D.Controlled.Howmuchmagnitudecanman-madeearthquakesreach?It'sbeensaidassmallasmagnitude3.Ithasbeensaidashighasmagnitude7.It'sbeingstudiedwithoutafinalconclusion.Ithasrisenbyanaverageofmagnitude5.6.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?NaturalEarthquakesinAmericaAreDisappearingNow7MillionAmericansatRiskofMan-MadeEarthquakesTimeforOilandGasIndustryChangeTheirWorkingPracticeMoreOftenEarthquakesasPowerfulasMagnitude7inAmerica第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項It'sthestartofanewyear,whenyourfitnessgoalsaresetandyouengageinthechallenge.___16___Theirstandardsof“toobig”arenotevenachievableintheirlifetime,letaloneafewmonthsoftraining,whichbringsmytips.Setrealisticgoals!Theprocessofbuildingmuscleisanlyslowonethatrequiresstrongwilltogain.Consistentlycausingproteinsynthesis（合成）inspecificmusclefiberswillallowmuscletodevelop.However,allindividualsarenotequalintheprocess.___17___Gainingmusclewillhappenquicklytoanewgym-goer,buttakealongtimeforsomeonethathasbeentrainingforyears.Sticktospecifictrainingforthegoalsyousettoachieve.___18___Thiswillrequireyoutorestrictthediet,anditwillpreventyougainingmuscle.Dietreflectsthetrainingload.Thetrainingreflectsyourgoals.It'slikeswimmingupstream,thinkstrong,fastandflexible.Ifyouarerunningamarathon,thegoalsaredifferentandtrainaccordingly!19Fathastakensometimetodevelop,soitwillnotbelostovernight.Allowthehormonaltriggers（生理誘因）inthebodytoworkmoreefficientlytoregulatevolumeoffood.Takingoutadditionalsugarsisoneofthemostimportantstepstoregulatevolumesoffoodtoswitchoffdesireforfood.Onceagoalisreached,donotgobacktowhatyoudidbefore.Whenpeoplefinishtheirtransformation,thehormoneprofileisveryweaktofatdeposition（沉積）。Everytrainingsessionshouldbeasteptowardalastingtransformation,withadietimprovingthelevelofexercise.___20___A.Don'ttrytoachievetoomuchatonce.Whydosofewpeopleseetheirgoalsthrough?Giveyourselfarealistictimelinewhenitcomestofatloss.Keepingrunningslowlyleadstoverybigchangesovertime.Appreciatethatyouaretakingtimeforyourowndevelopment.Placerestrictionsonyourdietandfollowgoodfoodeatingpatterns.Also,itdependsonhowlongyouhavebeentrainingtoachievemusclegrowth.第二部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項Mymotherseweddresses.Sheworkedinafactoryby 21 andbroughthomedressesatnight.Shehadto 22 mybrother,mysister,andme.MyfatherhaddiedwhenIwasten.Everynightwhenshe 23 ,Iwouldmeetmymotheratthetrainstopandhelphercarryhomealotofunsewncloth.She’dstartto 24 assoonasshegothome.She’dstoptomakeus 25 ,andafterthat,whilewekidsreadorlistenedtomusic,shewould 26 overhersewingmachineagaintocontinuesewingdresses.Sometimesshe’dgetherthumbcaughtunderthesewing 27 .She’dcryoutinpainbut 28 abandageandgobacktowork.Watchinghermademe 29 tobesogoodatsomethingIlovedthatmymotherwouldn’thavetoworkagain.Isatnexttomymotherasshe 30 .Everynowandthenshe’d 31 uppiecesofnewclothtobesewn,feelthedressbetweenherfingers,andsetitaside 32 .She’dsay,“Ionlyworkonqualitydresses.”O(jiān)urfamilyneeded 33 .Butmymotherwouldnotsewa 34 thatwasnotuptoher 35 .Sheshowedmethatpeopleshouldtake 36 inwhattheydo.IthoughtofmymotheryearslaterasIbeganmycareer,enjoyed 37 ,andfacedsetbacks.Iwasdeterminedtobesosuccessfultomakeupforallmymotherhad 38 forus.ButwhenaproducertoldmetorecordasongIconsideredsillyor 39 ,I’dthinkofmymotherandtellhim,“Sorry,Ionlyworkon 40 material.”21.A.nightB.dayC.chanceD.choice22.A.supportB.impressC.attractD.comfort23.A.leftB.returnedC.escapedD.wandered24.A.restB.readC.sewD.cook25.A.supperB.lunchC.breakfastD.snack26.A.handB.takeC.runD.bend27.A.shelfB.boardC.needleD.head28.A.showupB.fillupC.holdonD.puton29.A.demandedB.determinedC.supposed D.reminded30.A.workedB.laughedC.talkedD.cried31.A.sumB.makeC.pickD.do32.A.quicklyB.silentlyC.privatelyD.happily33.A.helpB.moneyC.serviceD.hope34.A.collarB.buttonC.pocketD.dress35.A.standardsB.rulesC.spiritsD.preferences36.A.partB.comfortC.prideD.interest37.A.successB.funC.angerD.shyness38.A.offeredB.sacrificedC.experienced D.abandoned39.A.harmlessB.carelessC.senselessD.hopeless40.A.quantityB.abilityC.authorityD.quality第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式IfyouarelookingtofindoutwhyChinaiscalledchina,youcouldgotoJingdezhentofindouttheanswer.Itsrelationshipwithceramics(制陶藝術(shù))dates 41. theHandynastyanditgotfamousduringtheSongdynasty.Thecultureofceramicshaslivedonformorethan2,000years.TodayJingdezhenisapopulardestinationattracting___42.___(tourist)fromhomeandabroadfor 43. tasteofitsculturalcharms.ThefirststopinJingdezhenshouldbetheAncientKilnandFolkCustomsMuseum.The___44.___(beautiful)landscapedplacesofferbasicideasabouttheancientporcelain(瓷器)historyandcultureinJingdezhen.InthenortheastofJingdezhenCityliesYaoliAncienttown,which___45.___(surround)bybeautifulmountainsandrivers.Anditisanancienttown___46.___(build)inthelateWestHandynasty.Thetownisrichinkaolin,aspecialtypeofsoilforporcelainproduction,___47.___(make)itthefamousbirthplaceofJingdezhenceramics.Hereisaplaceofhistoricinterest___48.___youcansearchdeepintoancienttimes.Por