2022-2023學(xué)年浙江省A9協(xié)作體高二下學(xué)期期中聯(lián)考英語試題（解析版）

浙江省A9協(xié)作體2022-2023學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期期中聯(lián)考英語試題第一部分：閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)：(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AHaveyoueverwishedyoucouldspeakaforeignlanguagewithouttakingtheclasses?Haveyoueverhadtroublewhiletravellingabroadbecauseofthelanguagebarrier?MeetMUAMAEnence—aJapanesehigh-techinventionthatallowsyoutocommunicateinmorethan40languages,withoutwastingyourtimeandmoneyforboringlanguageclasses.Whenyoucommunicatewithanotherpersonnomatterwhatlanguageheorshespeaks,thistinybutgeniusdeviceinstantlyrecordsandtranslatesover40languages.Youcanuseitwhentravelling,forbusinessmeetingsorwheneveryouwishtosaysomethinginadifferentlanguage.HowDoesItWork?Althoughitisarmedwiththelatesttechnology,usingthedeviceissupereasy.Allyouneedtodoistochoosethelanguageinwhichyouwanttocommunicateandrecordyourwordsorsentences.YoucanevenrecordreallylongsentencesandEnencewilltranslateeverythingperfectly!WhyIsMUAMAEnenceSoPopular?Thisgeniusdeviceallowsyoutostartcommunicating(YES,speaking!)withalmosteverypersonintheworld.Thistechnologywasneverbeforeavailabletothepublic.Foralimitedtimeonlythisdeviceisavailableforaheavilyreducedpriceof$89(previously$189).OurConclusion—BuyItWhileIt’sStillAvailableThelowcostandhighqualityEnencetranslatorischangingtheworld.Theproducthasbeensellinglikecrazy,butthestockwon’tlastlongasthesuppliesarelimited.WerecommendorderingMUAMAEnenceTranslatorwhileitisstillavailable.Clickheretocheckavailabilitynow!1.WhatisMUAMAEnence?A.Itisanorganizationaimedatbreakingthelanguagebarrierintheworld.B.Itisadevicewithhigh-techtopromoteeasiercommunicationwithforeigners.C.Itisanappenablingpeopletomastervariousforeignlanguagesinashorttime.D.Itisatechnologyappliedtotravellingabroadandbusinessmeetingsfreeofcharge.2.HowmuchshouldyoupayfortwosetsofMUAMAEnencenow?A.$178. B.$200. C.$278. D.$378.3.Wherecanyoufindthepassage?A.Inanewspaper. B.OntheInternet. C.Inamagazine. D.Inaguidebook.【答案】1.B2.A3.B【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，主要介紹的是日本的一項高科技發(fā)明MUAMAEnence，它可以翻譯40多種語言?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“MeetMUAMAEnence—aJapanesehigh-techinventionthatallowsyoutocommunicateinmorethan40languages,withoutwastingyourtimeandmoneyforboringlanguageclasses.Whenyoucommunicatewithanotherpersonnomatterwhatlanguageheorshespeaks,thistinybutgeniusdeviceinstantlyrecordsandtranslatesover40languages.(看看MUAMAEnence——日本的一項高科技發(fā)明，它可以讓你用40多種語言交流，而不用浪費時間和金錢去上無聊的語言課。當(dāng)你與他人交流時，無論他或她說什么語言，這個小巧但天才的設(shè)備都會立即記錄并翻譯40多種語言。)”可知，MUAMAEnence是一種高科技設(shè)備，可以讓你用40多種語言交流，由此可知，它是可以促使與外國人交流變得更加容易的一種高科技設(shè)備。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)WhyIsMUAMAEnenceSoPopular?部分的“Foralimitedtimeonlythisdeviceisavailableforaheavilyreducedpriceof$89(previously$189).(在有限的時間內(nèi)，這款設(shè)備的價格大幅降低至89美元（之前為189美元）。)”可知，現(xiàn)在買兩套MUAMAEnence需要花的錢是$89*2=$178，故選A。【3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Clickheretocheckavailabilitynow!(現(xiàn)在點擊這里查看出售情況！)”可知，本文是網(wǎng)上的文章，故選B。B“Youshouldgetacat,”mydoctorsaid.“Acat?”Icouldn’tevenlookaftermyself!Itookadeepbreathandcarefullyconsideredtheideaofwelcomingafeline(貓科的)friendintomylife.Adoptingananimalduringtheheightofthepandemicwasfarfromeasy.WhenmypartnerandIfoundCinnamon,heradoptioninformationmadeheroutastheperfectkitten.Wefilledoutthepaperworkandhadafewweekstoprepareforherarrival.Whenshecamehome,itbecameincreasinglyobviousthatCinnamondidn’tunderstand“no”,“stopit”or“don’tdothat”.ShewastheworstcatI’veeverowned.Iwasbeginningtodoubtmydoctor’sadvice.Wedecidedtostarttakingherforwalks.Icouldhardlyleavethehousebefore,butmyheartcouldn’tsaynotoCinnamon.Cinnamonshowedmewhatbraverylookedlike.Iftherewasadogatapark,shewouldruntowardit.Shejumpedwithoutknowingwhereshewouldland.Shelovedadventure.Ifoundmyselfmirroringherbehaviorafterawhile,jumpingoutofbedwithoutasecondthought.Ibegantofindthemotivationtogetoutofbedinthemorning.Cinnamonunfortunatelypassedawayafteramedicalaccident,leavingacat-sizedholeinmyheartthedaysheleftusatonlysixmonthsold.I’mnostrangertosadnessorgrief,butlosingmypetsosuddenlywasthemostconfusingemotionalexperienceI’veeverhad.Shewassupposedtohelpmethroughmoreofmylifethanthethreeshortmonthswehadher.Shenolongerwakesmeupat5a.m.beggingforbreakfast,butsheisstillthereasonIgetupeverymorning.Ourtimeisoftencutunpredictably,unmistakablyshort.Itwouldbeashametolivelifebeinganythinglessthanbraveandadventurous.4.Howdidtheauthorfeeloriginallywhenadvisedtoadoptacat?A.Thrilled. B.Ashamed. C.Shocked. D.Relieved.5.Whydidtheauthordoubtthedoctor’sadviceinthebeginning?A.Becausetheauthorwastooilltolookafterthecat.B.Becausethepandemicmadeitimpossibletokeepacatathome.C.Becausetheauthor’sfamilydidn’tapproveoftheplan.D.Becauseraisingthecatwaschallengingfortheauthor.6.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesthecatCinnamon?A.Stupidbutadorable. B.Naughtyandadventurous.C.Inactivebutcourageous. D.Fierceandaggressive.7.Whatmessagedoesthestoryconvey?A.Friendshipwithpetsisshort. B.Theshortlifeispredictable.C.Thelossofapetispainful. D.Thecouragetotakerisksisbeneficial.【答案】4.C5.D6.B7.D【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文，文章主要講述作者接受醫(yī)生的建議，養(yǎng)了一只貓，感受到了貓帶來的積極影響，并了解到人們應(yīng)該擁有冒險的勇氣。【4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Icouldn’tevenlookaftermyself!Itookadeepbreathandcarefullyconsideredtheideaofwelcomingafeline(貓科的)friendintomylife.(我甚至不能照顧自己！我深吸了一口氣，仔細(xì)考慮是否要讓一只貓朋友進(jìn)入我的生活)”可知，作者認(rèn)為甚至都照顧不好自己，所以聽到醫(yī)生建議自己養(yǎng)貓時感到很震驚，故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Whenshecamehome,itbecameincreasinglyobviousthatCinnamondidn’tunderstand‘no’,‘stopit’or‘don’tdothat’.ShewastheworstcatI’veeverowned.Iwasbeginningtodoubtmydoctor’sadvice.(當(dāng)她回到家時，越來越明顯的是，Cinnamon不懂‘不’、‘住手’或‘不要那樣做’。她是我養(yǎng)過的最糟糕的貓。我開始懷疑醫(yī)生的建議了)”可知，Cinnamon不懂指令，作者認(rèn)為她是作者養(yǎng)過的最糟糕的貓，即養(yǎng)貓對作者來說是個挑戰(zhàn)，因此作者開始懷疑醫(yī)生的建議。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Cinnamonshowedmewhatbraverylookedlike.Iftherewasadogatapark,shewouldruntowardit.Shejumpedwithoutknowingwhereshewouldland.Shelovedadventure.(Cinnamon讓我見識了什么是勇敢。如果公園里有只狗，她就會跑過去。她在不知道會落在哪里的情況下也會跳下去。她喜歡冒險)”可推斷，Cinnamon很頑皮并且喜歡冒險。故選B?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“Itwouldbeashametolivelifebeinganythinglessthanbraveandadventurous.(如果生活中沒有勇氣和冒險精神，那將是一種遺憾)”以及文章內(nèi)容可推斷，本文主要告訴讀者冒險的勇氣是有益的。故選D。CYoumightseelonelinessassomeone(usuallyanoldperson)sitsalone,staringintothedistanceoroutofawindow.Suchimagesaredeceptive.Researchershaveactuallyfoundthatthosewhoreportexperiencinglonelinessthemostareyoungpeople,andsuchimagesofsolitude(孤獨)don’tmatchtheexperienceoflonelinessduringyouth.Thoseyearsaretypicallyspentsurroundedbyotherpeople,atschooloratwork.Lonelinessduringyouthcanbedefinedasanegativefeelingaboutadifferencebetweentherelationshipswehaveandthosewewant.Thismeanswemightfeellonelyinthecompanyofothersifwedon’tfeeltheyunderstandusorsharecommoninterestswithus.Althoughlonelinessisoftenadifficultexperience,itcanhelpustoreconnectandtorethinkourrelationshipssothatwecanbuild(orseekout)theonesthatmeanthemosttous.Therearecertainfeaturesofyouththattendtogiverisetoloneliness.Inyouth,ourfriendshipsareincreasinglyimportantinprovidinguswithemotionalsupport.Researchshowsthatyoungpeoplehavehigherexpectationsoftheirfriendshipsthanadultsdo;theyshowapreferenceforlargerfriendgroups,morecompanionshipandhigherfrequencyofcontactwithfriends.Whenweconsiderthatlonelinessservesthefunctionofkeepingussafewithinoursocialworld,itmakessensethatthefeelinglikewedonot“fitin”,assomanyyoungpeoplefeel,givesrisetoloneliness.Anotherreasonisourdevelopingsenseofself-discoveringwhoweare.Thatoftenmeanschangestovaluesorbeliefs.Itcanbechallengingwhenyourfriendsaregoingthroughthesameprocess,butmightnotfollowthesamepathasyou.Youngpeopleoftenreportfeelinglonelyatschool,whilehomeisacomfortablespace.Butwhentherearedifficultiesathome—suchasargumentsortensionwithfamilymembersandthedepartureofsupportivefamilymembers—thesecanmakethefeelingoflonelinessworse.Ifyoufindyourselffeelinglonelyanditseemslikenothingishelping,donotgiveuphope.Itislikelythatyouhavenotyetfoundthestrategythatworksforyou.Herearesomepracticalstepsyoucantry,startingwithwhatyoucandoonyourownandmovingontowaystoconnectwithothers.8.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“deceptive”inparagraph1?A.irrelevant B.disgraceful C.misleading D.unfortunate9.Whatdoeslonelinessofyoungpeopleusuallyreferto?A.Nothavingapreferencefordealingwithtoughthingsalone.B.Nothavingfriendsorfamilyforcompanywhenintrouble.C.Nothavinginterestinothers’schoollifewithinthesocialworld.D.Nothavingpositiveattitudetothepresentrelationshipswithothers.10.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasthereasonofyoungpeople’sloneliness?A.Discoveryofself-identity. B.Desireformorefriends.C.Difficultiesathome. D.Unfamiliarenvironments.11.Whatwillthetextprobablytalkaboutnext?A.Suggestionsonhowtobeatloneliness.B.Morereasonsthatcausethefeelingofloneliness.C.Strategiestodealwiththeargumentsortensioninfamily.D.Waystofacethedepartureofsupportivefamilymembers.【答案】8.C9.D10.D11.A【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要講的是什么是青年時期的孤獨及導(dǎo)致它的原因?！?題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第一段的“Researchershaveactuallyfoundthatthosewhoreportexperiencinglonelinessthemostareyoungpeople,andsuchimagesofsolitude(孤獨)don’tmatchtheexperienceoflonelinessduringyouth.Thoseyearsaretypicallyspentsurroundedbyotherpeople,atschooloratwork.(研究人員實際上發(fā)現(xiàn)，那些報告孤獨感最多的人是年輕人，而這種孤獨的形象與青年時期的孤獨感并不相符。那些年通常是在學(xué)?；蚬ぷ髦斜黄渌税鼑?”可知，第一段開頭所描繪的“Youmightseelonelinessassomeone(usuallyanoldperson)sitsalone,staringintothedistanceoroutofawindow.(當(dāng)一個人（通常是老人）獨自坐著，凝視遠(yuǎn)方或窗外時，你可能會看到孤獨)”的畫面是假的，是有欺騙性的，因此deceptive的意思是“有欺騙性的，具有誤導(dǎo)性的”，和misleading意思相近，故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Lonelinessduringyouthcanbedefinedasanegativefeelingaboutadifferencebetweentherelationshipswehaveandthosewewant.Thismeanswemightfeellonelyinthecompanyofothersifwedon’tfeeltheyunderstandusorsharecommoninterestswithus.(青年時期的孤獨可以被定義為一種對我們現(xiàn)有的關(guān)系和我們想要的關(guān)系之間的差異的消極感覺。這意味著如果我們覺得別人不理解我們或與我們有共同的興趣，我們可能會感到孤獨)”可知，年輕人的孤獨通常指的是對目前與他人的關(guān)系沒有積極的態(tài)度。故選D?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Researchshowsthatyoungpeoplehavehigherexpectationsoftheirfriendshipsthanadultsdo;theyshowapreferenceforlargerfriendgroups,morecompanionshipandhigherfrequencyofcontactwithfriends.Whenweconsiderthatlonelinessservesthefunctionofkeepingussafewithinoursocialworld,itmakessensethatthefeelinglikewedonot“fitin”,assomanyyoungpeoplefeel,givesrisetoloneliness.(研究表明，年輕人對友誼的期望高于成年人；他們傾向于更大的朋友群體，更多的陪伴和更高頻率的與朋友聯(lián)系。雖然我們認(rèn)為孤獨在我們的社會世界中起著保證我們安全的作用，但不“融入”的感覺導(dǎo)致孤獨是有道理，正如許多年輕人所感受到的那樣)”，“Anotherreasonisourdevelopingsenseofself-discoveringwhoweare.(另一個原因是我們不斷發(fā)展的自我發(fā)現(xiàn)意識)”和“Butwhentherearedifficultiesathome—suchasargumentsortensionwithfamilymembersandthedepartureofsupportivefamilymembers—thesecanmakethefeelingoflonelinessworse.(但是，當(dāng)家里出現(xiàn)困難時——比如與家庭成員的爭吵或緊張關(guān)系，以及支持你的家庭成員的離開——這些都會使孤獨感惡化)”可知，年輕人孤獨的原因包括自我認(rèn)同的發(fā)現(xiàn)，渴望更多的朋友和家里的困難。D選項“不熟悉的環(huán)境”文章沒有提到，故選D。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Herearesomepracticalstepsyoucantry,startingwithwhatyoucandoonyourownandmovingontowaystoconnectwithothers.(這里有一些你可以嘗試的實際步驟，從你自己能做的開始，然后再到與他人聯(lián)系的方法)”推知，接下來可能會講戰(zhàn)勝孤獨的建議，故選A。DAboutone-thirdofadultsgloballyhavehighbloodpressure,whichincreasestheriskofhavingaheartattackorstroke(中風(fēng)).Physicalactivityisknowntolowerbloodpressure.However,manypeoplehavetroublekeepingtoexerciseplans.Yogatendstobemoresustainable(可持續(xù)的)thanotherformsofexercisebecauseitisgentle,canbedonewithothersandhelpstorelaxthemind.Severalexperimentshavefoundthatyogalowersbloodpressure.However,theseexperimentshavetypicallyinvolvedseveralsessionsaweek,whichmaynotbeachievableformanypeople.Tofindoutifyogahelpstoreducebloodpressureintherealworld,someresearchersconductedanewstudyandanalyzedtheelectronichealthrecordsof1,355peopleaged18to79whopracticedyogaatleastonceaweek.Theycomparedeachofthesepeoplewithatleastthreeotherindividuals.Theyhadsimilarcharacteristicsintermsofthingslikeage,gender,andbodymassindex(BMI),buthadnomentionofpracticingyogaintheirrecords.Onaverage,thepeoplewhopracticedyogahadsystolicbloodpressure(收縮壓)thatwas2.8mmHgloweranddiastolicbloodpressure(舒張壓)thatwas1.5mmHglowerthanthosewhodidn’t.Thisbloodpressurereductionprobablywouldn’tmakeahugedifferencetomostpeopleinthestudy,sincetheytendedtobeyoungandhealthy.Theyalreadyhadnormalbloodpressure.Butatapopulationlevel,ifaveragebloodpressuredeclinedbythismuch,itwouldpreventasignificantnumberofheartattacksandstrokes.Forexample,a2018studyfoundthatapopulation-wideaveragesystolicbloodpressurereductionof2mmHgamongmiddle-agedadultsintheUSwouldpreventmorethan12,000heartattacksand7,000strokeseachyear.Basedonthenewstudy,wecan’tsayforsurethatyogalowersbloodpressure,becausetheremaybeotherexplanationsforthefindings.Peoplewhodoyogamayhavelowerbloodpressurebecausetheytendtohavebetterdiets,notbecauseoftheyogaitself.Andyogashouldn’tbeseenasthereplacementforbloodpressureloweringmedicines.Nevertheless,yogaislikelytoassistinloweringbloodpressureifitencouragessedentary(久坐的)peopletoexercise.“Thegreatestbenefitisgettingtheexercise-shytodosomethingratherthanincreasingexerciseinsomeonewhodoesitregularly,”anexpertsays.12.Whichadvantagedoesyogahaveoverotherkindsofexercise?A.Itiseasierforbeginnerstolearn. B.Itismoreeffectiveinkeepingfit.C.Peoplearemorelikelytosticktoit. D.Peoplecanfindpartnersmoreeasily.13.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthenewstudy?A.Thestudytooktherelevantfactorsinrealityintoconsideration.B.Alltheseparticipantswereofthesameageandgender.C.Thestudyanalyzeddifferentkindsofexercise.D.Theresearchersstudiedtheparticipants’dailyroutine.14.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoshowbytheexampleinparagraph4?A.Theresultsarefarfromsatisfactory.B.Loweringbloodpressureisquiteeasy.C.Bloodpressurereductionisbeneficial.D.Doingyogaonceaweekismeaningful.15.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.Otherreasonshavebeenfoundtoexplainthebloodpressurereductionforcertain.B.Encouraginginactivepeopletodoyogapossiblycontributestoloweringbloodpressure.C.Havingbetterdietsismoreimportantthanpracticingyogaregularlyforsedentarypeople.D.Thebenefitsofpracticingyogaareequaltotakingbloodpressureloweringmedicines.【答案】12.C13.A14.C15.B【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一項研究表明練習(xí)瑜伽可能有助于降低血壓，從而有可能減少心臟病和中風(fēng)的危險。【12題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Yogatendstobemoresustainable(可持續(xù)的)thanotherformsofexercisebecauseitisgentle,canbedonewithothersandhelpstorelaxthemind.Severalexperimentshavefoundthatyogalowersbloodpressure.(瑜伽往往比其他形式的運動更可持續(xù)，因為它是溫和的，可以和別人一起做，有助于放松思想。一些實驗發(fā)現(xiàn)，瑜伽可以降低血壓)”可知，瑜伽比其它形式的鍛煉更容易堅持因為它是溫和的，可以和別人一起做，有助于放松思想。故選C。【13題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容“Tofindoutifyogahelpstoreducebloodpressureintherealworld,someresearchersconductedanewstudyandanalysedtheelectronichealthrecordsof1,355peopleaged18to79whopractisedyogaatleastonceaweek.Theycomparedeachofthesepeoplewithatleastthreeotherindividuals.Theyhadsimilarcharacteristicsintermsofthingslikeage,gender,andbodymassindex(BMI),buthadnomentionofpractisingyogaintheirrecords.Onaverage,thepeoplewhopractisedyogahadsystolicbloodpressure(收縮壓)thatwas2.8mmHgloweranddiastolicbloodpressure(舒張壓)thatwas1.5mmHglowerthanthosewhodidn’t.(為了找出瑜伽在現(xiàn)實世界中是否有助于降低血壓，一些研究人員進(jìn)行了一項新的研究，分析了1355名年齡在18歲至79歲之間、每周至少練習(xí)一次瑜伽的人的電子健康記錄。他們將這些人中的每一個人與至少另外三個人進(jìn)行了比較。他們在年齡、性別和身體質(zhì)量指數(shù)(BMI)等方面具有相似的特征，但在他們的記錄中沒有提到練習(xí)瑜伽。平均而言，練習(xí)瑜伽的人的收縮壓比不練習(xí)瑜伽的人低2.8毫米汞柱，舒張壓比不練習(xí)瑜伽的人低1.5毫米汞柱)”可知，這項研究分析了不同年齡，性別和身體指數(shù)的人。由此推知，研究考慮了現(xiàn)實中的相關(guān)因素。故選A?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。倒數(shù)第二段的“Thisbloodpressurereductionprobablywouldn’tmakeahugedifferencetomostpeopleinthestudy,sincetheytendedtobeyoungandhealthy.Theyalreadyhadnormalbloodpressure.Butatapopulationlevel,ifaveragebloodpressuredeclinedbythismuch,itwouldpreventasignificantnumberofheartattacksandstrokes.(這種血壓降低對研究中的大多數(shù)人來說可能不會有太大的影響，因為他們往往是年輕健康的。他們的血壓已經(jīng)正常了。但在人口水平上，如果平均血壓下降這么多，就能預(yù)防大量心臟病發(fā)作和中風(fēng))”講述了血壓下降相對于個體可能沒有太大影響，但是在人口水平上，卻能夠預(yù)防大量心臟病和中風(fēng)，接下來講述了例子“Forexample,a2018studyfoundthatapopulation-wideaveragesystolicbloodpressurereductionof2mmHgamongmiddle-agedadultsintheUSwouldpreventmorethan12,000heartattacksand7,000strokeseachyear.(例如，2018年的一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，在美國中年人中，平均收縮壓降低2毫米汞柱，每年可以預(yù)防12,000多次心臟病發(fā)作和7,000多次中風(fēng))”，由此推知，這個例子是用來說明血壓降低的益處的。故選C?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Nevertheless,yogaislikelytoassistinloweringbloodpressureifitencouragessedentary(久坐的)peopletoexercise.(然而，如果瑜伽鼓勵久坐不動的人運動，它可能有助于降低血壓)”可知，鼓勵不愛運動的人做瑜伽可能有助于降低血壓。故選B。第二節(jié)：(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填人空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Theideathatredmeansstopandgreenmeansgoaffectsmorethanjusttrafficlightcolors.Wehavebeentaughtfromayoungagethatredmeansdanger,whilegreenmeanssafety.___16___Forsomethingwehavetolookateveryday,whycouldn’ttheyhavebeenprettiercolors?You’reabouttofindout.Beforethereweretrafficlightsforcars,thereweretrafficsignalsfortrains.Atfirst,railroadcompaniesusedredtomeanstop,whitetomeangoandgreentomeancaution.Buttrainconductorsranintoaproblemwiththecolorwhitemeaninggo—brightwhitecouldeasilybemistakenforstarsatnight.___17___Ithasbeenthatwayeversince.___18___Thatmeansthatasittravelsthroughtheair,itgetsdiffused(分散)lessthanothercolors,soitcanbeseenfromagreaterdistance.Forexample,thinkabouthowthelightturnsredasthesunsets.Eventhoughthehumaneyeismostsensitivetoayellowish-greenhighlightercolor,itcanseeredfromfurtheraway.Butthiscouldhappenbychance.It’snotclearwhetherthatwaschosenbasedonwavelength,contrastagainstgreennatureornaturalconnectionofredwiththingslikeblood.___19___Yellowhasashorterwavelengththanredbutalongerwavelengththangreen.Thismeansthatredisnoticeablethefurthestaway,yellowinthemiddleandgreentheleastdistanceaway—ahelpfuladvancedwarningforneedingtosloworstop.However,believeitornot,yellowwasonceusedtomeanstop.Backinthe1900s,somestopsignswereyellowbecauseitwastoohardtoseearedsigninapoorlylitarea.___20___Sinceyellowcanbeseenwellatalltimesoftheday,schoolareas,sometrafficsignsandschoolbusescontinuetobepaintedthecolor.Keepthesesafedrivingtipsinthebackofyourmindwheneveryouseeayellowlight.A.Railwaycompanieseventuallymovedtothecolorgreenforgo.B.Itcouldbeamixofallthree!C.Butwhywerethoseparticularcolorschosenfortrafficlights?D.Employthesedrivingrulesandknowthattrafficlightshavecertainlycomealongway.E.Redisthecolorwiththelongestwavelength.F.Whenyou’reimpatientlywaitingatatrafficlight,don’tgetmad.G.Eventually,highlyreflectivematerialsweredeveloped,andredstopsignswereborn.【答案】16.C17.A18.E19.B20.G【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要講的是為什么要用紅色表示停止，綠色表示通行?！?6題詳解】空前說“Wehavebeentaughtfromayoungagethatredmeansdanger,whilegreenmeanssafety.(我們從小就被教導(dǎo)紅色代表危險，綠色代表安全。)”，空后說“Forsomethingwehavetolookateveryday,whycouldn’ttheyhavebeenprettiercolors?You’reabouttofindout.(對于我們每天都要看的東西來說，為什么它們不能有更漂亮的顏色呢？你馬上就知道了。)”，因此空格處應(yīng)該提出疑問，為什么非要用這紅色代表危險，綠色代表安全，C選項“Butwhywerethoseparticularcolorschosenfortrafficlights?(但是為什么選擇這些特定的顏色作為交通燈呢？)”引出下文的解釋，因此C選項承上啟下，符合語境，故選C?！?7題詳解】空前說“Buttrainconductorsranintoaproblemwiththecolorwhitemeaninggo—brightwhitecouldeasilybemistakenforstarsatnight.(但是火車售票員遇到了一個問題，白色的意思是“走”——明亮的白色很容易被誤認(rèn)為是夜晚的星星。)”，空后說“Ithasbeenthatwayeversince.(從那以后就一直是這樣。)”，根據(jù)常識可知，現(xiàn)在是用綠色表示通行，因此空格處應(yīng)該說鐵路公司改為用綠色代表通行，A選項“Railwaycompanieseventuallymovedtothecolorgreenforgo.(鐵路公司最終改用綠色代表通行。)”符合語境，故選A?！?8題詳解】空后說“Thatmeansthatasittravelsthroughtheair,itgetsdiffused(分散)lessthanothercolors,soitcanbeseenfromagreaterdistance.Forexample,thinkabouthowthelightturnsredasthesunsets.Eventhoughthehumaneyeismostsensitivetoayellowish-greenhighlightercolor,itcanseeredfromfurtheraway.(這意味著當(dāng)它在空氣中傳播時，它比其他顏色擴(kuò)散得更少，所以它可以從更遠(yuǎn)的地方看到。例如，想想太陽下山時光線是如何變紅的。盡管人類的眼睛對黃綠色熒光最敏感，但它可以在更遠(yuǎn)的地方看到紅色。)”，說明本段主要介紹的是紅色，E選項“Redisthecolorwiththelongestwavelength.(紅色是波長最長的顏色。)”描述的是紅色，因此符合語境，故選E?！?9題詳解】空前說“It’snotclearwhetherthatwaschosenbasedonwavelength,contrastagainstgreennatureornaturalconnectionofredwiththingslikeblood.(目前尚不清楚這種選擇是基于波長、與綠色的對比還是與血液等物質(zhì)的自然聯(lián)系。)”，既然尚不清楚，那就說明可能這幾種都有，B選項“Itcouldbeamixofallthree!(它可能是三者的混合！)”說明了空前描述的這幾種情況可能都有，因此承接上文，符合語境，故選B?！?0題詳解】空前說“However,believeitornot,yellowwasonceusedtomeanstop.Backinthe1900s,somestopsignswereyellowbecauseitwastoohardtoseearedsigninapoorlylitarea.(然而，信不信由你，黃色曾經(jīng)被用來表示停止。早在20世紀(jì)初，一些停車標(biāo)志是黃色的，因為在光線不足的地區(qū)很難看到紅色標(biāo)志。)”，空格處應(yīng)該解釋后來為什么又出現(xiàn)了紅色標(biāo)志，G選項“Eventually,highlyreflectivematerialsweredeveloped,andredstopsignswereborn.(最終，高反射材料被開發(fā)出來，紅色停車標(biāo)志誕生了。)”說明了紅色停車標(biāo)志是如何誕生的，因此承接上文，符合語境，故選G。第二部分：語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)：完形填空(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題紙上將該選項涂黑。ItneveroccurredtometothinkaboutmyfuturejobtillIenteredhighschool.Intheyearsbeforehighschool,I___21___muchonfootballandmusic.Thatwas___22___Ispentmostofmysparetime.AfterIenteredhighschool,my___23___forcivilengineering(土木工程)inspiredmetomakegreaterefforts.Ifoundmywaytocivilengineering___24___whenIreadanarticleabouttheLosAngelesearthquakein1994.ItsconsequencewassoawfulthatIwastotallyshocked.Duringtheearthquake,manybuildingsfelldown.Thedisasterledtoheavycasualties(傷亡).The___25___sentmeintothinkingabouthowthebuildingprojectscouldbesafer,andhowIcouldgetthemthatway.Fromthenon,I___26___tolearncivilengineering.___27___differentkindsofbuildingsisaformofrecreationforme.Sittingonmybicycleforhourswatchingthehousesaroundmehasmademefeelthe___28___toshapeourbuildingsintosolidones.Toachievemyambition,Imust___29___thatIcangethighgradesinallmysubjects.Inschool,Iamtrulyfondofscienceandgoodatmath.___30___,myhighschoolyearshadbeenchallenged.Mypoorwritingskillsusedto___31___mealot.Fortunately,Ihadastrongwishtoachievemydream.Itwasthedesire,which___32___metokeeppracticing,thathelpedmeovercomemyshortcomings.Overtheyears,IhavelearnedtostickwiththingsthatIfindright___33___.Thischaracterwillstaywithmetillmyefforts___34___.That,combinedwithmylongstandingcuriosityabout___35___ourworld,iswhatwillmakemeagreatcivilengineersomedaysoon.21.A.relied B.concentrated C.lived D.depended22.A.how B.when C.why D.what23.A.talent B.need C.love D.pity24.A.fortunately B.directly C.frequently D.accidentally25.A.ruins B.wastes C.pollutants D.emissions26.A.promised B.managed C.expected D.determined27.A.Designing B.Completing C.Observing D.Understanding28.A.expense B.necessity C.trend D.solution29.A.ensure B.admit C.believe D.declare30.A.Therefore B.However C.Moreover D.Thus31.A.cheat B.frighten C.bother D.hurt32.A.forced B.reminded C.restricted D.urged33.A.easily B.personally C.firmly D.naturally34.A.giveoff B.getoff C.turnoff D.payoff35.A.shaping B.highlighting C.viewing D.saving【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.D25.A26.D27.C28.B29.A30.B31.C32.D33.C34.D35.A【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者樹立要成為工程師的目標(biāo)以及他為實現(xiàn)目標(biāo)所做的事情，告訴我們要堅持自己認(rèn)為對的事情，并為達(dá)成目標(biāo)而付出努力。【21題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在上高中之前的幾年里，我非常專注于足球和音樂。A.relied依靠，依賴；B.concentrated集中，聚精會神；C.lived居住，生存；D.depended依靠。根據(jù)下一句中“Ispentmostofmysparetime”可知，作者把大部分業(yè)余時間花費在足球和音樂上，故此處指“專注于足球和音樂”，concentrateon集中注意力于，專注于，故選B。【22題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我的大部分業(yè)余時間都是這樣度過的。A.how如何；B.when何時；C.why為什么；D.what什么。空處引導(dǎo)表語從句，從句中不缺成分，結(jié)合句意可知，此處指“那就是我度過大部分業(yè)余時間的方式”，用連接副詞how引導(dǎo)，故選A?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：進(jìn)入高中后，我對土木工程的熱愛激勵著我更加努力。A.talent天賦，才能；B.need需要；C.love愛；D.pity同情。根據(jù)“inspiredmetomakegreaterefforts”及下文提到作者決心學(xué)習(xí)土木工程可知，作者對土木工程的熱愛激勵著作者更加努力，故選C?！?4題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我讀到一篇關(guān)于1994年洛杉磯地震的文章時，我意外地找到了土木工程的方向。A.fortunately幸運地；B.directly直接地；C.frequently頻繁地，經(jīng)常；D.accidentally意外地。根據(jù)“whenIreadanarticleabouttheLosAngelesearthquakein1994.”可知，此處指作者意外地找到了土木工程的方向，故選D?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：廢墟讓我開始思考如何讓建筑項目更安全，以及如何讓它們更安全。A.ruins廢墟；B.wastes垃圾；C.pollutants污染物；D.emissions排放物。上文“Duringtheearthquake,manybuildingsfelldown.(地震期間，許多建筑物倒塌了)”提到很多建筑在地震中倒塌，結(jié)合空后“thinkingabouthowthebuildingprojectscouldbesafer”可知，廢墟讓作者開始思考如何讓建筑更安全，故選A。【26題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：從那時起，我決心學(xué)習(xí)土木工程。A.promised承諾，答應(yīng)；B.managed設(shè)法做到；C.expected期望；D.determined決心。根據(jù)本段首句“Ifoundmywaytocivilengineering”及語境可知，本段是描述作者如何找到土木工程的方向，故此處指“從那時起，我決心學(xué)習(xí)土木工程”，故選D?！?7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：觀察不同類型的建筑對我來說是一種娛樂。A.Designing設(shè)計；B.Completing完成，使完整；C.Observing觀察；D.Understanding理解。根據(jù)下文“Sittingonmybicycleforhourswatchingthehouses”可知，作者喜歡觀察不同類型的建筑，故選C?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：坐在自行車上幾個小時，看著周圍的房子，讓我覺得有必要把我們的建筑塑造成堅固的建筑。A.expense費用；B.necessity必要，需要；C.trend趨勢；D.solution解決方案。根據(jù)“toshapeourbuildingsintosolidones”可知，此處指有必要把我們的建筑塑造成堅固的建筑，故選B?！?9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：為了實現(xiàn)我的抱負(fù)，我必須確保各科都能取得高分。A.ensure確保，保證；B.admit承認(rèn)；C.believe相信；D.declare宣布，聲明。根據(jù)“Toachievemyambition”及語境可知，為了實現(xiàn)抱負(fù)，作者必須確保各科成績優(yōu)異，故選A?！?0題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，我的高中生活受到了挑戰(zhàn)。A.Therefore因此；B.However然而；C.Moreover而且，此外；D.Thus因此。上文提到要實現(xiàn)抱負(fù)就得確保成績優(yōu)異，與下文“我的高中生活受到了挑戰(zhàn)”之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，however符合語境，故選B。【31題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我糟糕的