2022年甘肅省白銀市大學英語6級大學英語六級模擬考試(含答案)

2022年甘肅省白銀市大學英語6級大學英語六級模擬考試(含答案)學校:________班級:________姓名:________考號:________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20題)1.

Laura'sdaughterJennahasgotaPh.D.degreefromtheUniversityofTexas.

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2.

DuringtheCaliforniaGoldRush,restaurantandlaundrywereregardedas______.

A.unprofitablework

B.comfortablework

C.woman'swork

D.Chinesework

3.

Eachfederalurbansearch-and-rescuetaskforceismadeupofatleast60members.

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4.Married,WithMoney

Youfightoverfinances,right?Here'showtokeepthecash-andthepassion.

BrianGreenbergisacollegefinancialplanner,butonarecentmorninghefeltmorelikeamarriagecounselor.Thecouplesittinginhisoffice,nearCherryHill,NewJersey,wasseekingadviceaboutapplyingforfinancialaidfortheman'ssonfromapreviousmarriage."Whentheywalkedin,"Greenbergrecalls,"Icouldfeelthehostility."

Theincomefromthewife'sbusiness,whichshehadstartedbeforetheymarried,wasmodest,butitwasjustenoughtolimittheamountofaidthesoncouldreceive.Thehusbandwantedhertoincorporatetoreducetheirincome,therebyallowingthesontoqualifyformoreaid.Shedidn'twanttogothroughthecomplicatedincorporationprocess,butfeltpressuredbyherhusband."Hewassaying,'I'mentitledtodowhatIwantbecauseI'mmakingthemoneythatpaysthebills,'"recallsGreenberg."Thatkindofthinkingunderminesarelationship."

Muchofthistypeofanimosity(仇恨)canbeavoidedifonlycoupleswouldtalkaboutmoneybeforetheygetmarried,saysMaryClaireAllvine,acertifiedfinancialplannerinChicagoandAtlantaandco-authorofThe7MostImportantMoneyDecisionsYou'llEverMake.Withoutthistalk,it'sunlikelythatcoupleshaveanactualplanfortheirlivestogether.

StudieshaveshownthatdisagreementsovermoneyaretheNo.1causeoffrictioninamarriage.Andforsome,they'retheNo.1reasonfordivorce.

Sowhycansomecouplesweatherfinancialupsanddownswhileotherssplitoverahouseholdbudget?Thekeytosuccessistofindthecommonground-thesharedvaluesabouthow,aspartners,youwanttoliveyourlivestogether.Herearesometipsforexecutingamoneyplanwithoutlosingthepassion.

Thinkbigandputitinbuckets.Aftercoupleshavepaidtheirfixedexpenses,theyoftenfindthemselvesdisagreeingoverhowtospendwhat'sleft-payoffthecreditcardsorgetthatHDTVoneofthemhasbeencraving.

Toavoidsuchclashes,talkaboutyourdreams.Allvine'sresearchsayscoupleswhodon'tgetboggeddownwithday-to-daybudgetingdetailsareusuallythemostsuccessfulwiththeirmoney."Youcan'tsaytothespender,'Okay,youcanonlyspend$50amonth.'It'slikeputtingpeopleonadietwheretheycanlastforawhilebutthentheyjustbingeandeataloafofbread.Thespenderwillsay,'I'llcutback.Andthentheystartcuttingouttheextracupofcoffee.Butit'srarelythecoffeethatputsthemindebt.It'sthehometheycan'taffordorthecartheyshouldn'tbedriving."

Allvinerecommendssortingyourbigdreams-startingabusiness,owningahome,savingforavacation-intocategories,orbuckets."Whenyounamethebucket,youknowwhatthatmoneyisfor,andyouwon'tuseitforanythingelse.That'showcouplesgettotheirgoals-theypaythemselvesfirstforthebigthings."

Everyoneneedstheprenuptial(結(jié)婚前的)talk.Astoday'scouplesmarrylater,orremarry,theyfacebigchallengescombiningresources.Onespousemaybringchildrenfromapreviousmarriage;anothermightbecaringforelderlyparents.Thenew-thinksays,richornot,youmayneedaprenuptialagreement."Itmakessensetothinkthingsthroughearlyon,"saysMellodyHobson,presidentofArielCapitalManagementinChicago.

ButCarrieSchwab-Pomerantz,co-author,withherfather,CharlesSchwab,ofItPaystoTalk,hasadifferenttake:"Noteveryoneneedstosignaprenuptialdocument-buteveryoneshouldhavetheprenuptialconversation."

Thepoint,saysSchwab-Pomerantz,istogetanideaofeachother'smoneypersonality."Ifsomeonehasalotofdebt.thatcanreflectsomepersonalityissuesthathisorherpartnerneedstoknowab

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5.

CPAPisausefulmachineforpeoplewithsnoringproblemsbecauseitcanhelpto______.

6.

Thegrowthofaglobalmilitarysystemis______.

7.AccordingtoNadine'scalculation,shecanpayoffallherdebtwhensheis______ifshecangetasalaryof＄120,000ayearfightoutoflawschool.

8.

Peopleconsumemoreandmorecaloriestomakeusfeelthatwearefullatmealsthatarerichin______.

9.AirPollution

Whenpeoplethinkaboutairpollution,theyusuallythinkaboutsmog,acidrain,CFC's,andotherformsofoutdoorairpollution.Butdidyouknowthatairpollutionalsocanexistinsidehomesandotherbuildings?Itcan,andeveryyear,thehealthofmanypeopleisaffectedbychemicalsubstancespresentintheairwithinbuildings.

Agreatdealofresearchonpollutionisbeingconductedatlaboratoriesanduniversities.Thegoalsoftheresearcharetofindsolutionsandtoeducatethepublicabouttheproblem.TwoplaceswherethistypeofworkisbeingdoneareLBNLandtheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley.Let'stakeacloserlookatthevarioustypesofairpollution,theeffectsthattheyhaveonpeople,andwhatisbeing(ornotbeing)donetocorrecttheproblem.

WhatisAirPollution?

Airistheoceanwebreathe.Airsuppliesuswithoxygenwhichisessentialforourbodiestolive.Airsuppliesuswithoxygenwhichisessentialforourbodiestolive.Airis99.9%nitrogen(氮氣),oxygen,watervaporandinert(惰性的)gases.Humanactivitiescanreleasesubstancesintotheair,someofwhichcancauseproblemsforhumans,plants,andanimals.

Thereareseveralmaintypesofpollutionandwell-knowneffectsofpollutionwhicharecommonlydiscussed.Theseincludesmog,acidrain,thegreenhouseeffect,and"holes"intheozonelayer.Eachoftheseproblemshasseriousimplicationsforourhealthandwell-beingaswellasforthewholeenvironment.

Onetypeofairpollutionisthereleaseofparticles(微粒)intotheairfromburningfuelforenergy.Dieselsmoke(柴油煙)isagoodexampleofthisparticulatematter.Theparticlesareverysmallpiecesofmattermeasuringabout2.5micronsorabout.0001inches.Thistypeofpollutionissometimesreferredtoas"blackcarbon"pollution.Theexhaustfromburningfuelsinautomobiles,homes,andindustriesisamajorsourceofpollutionintheair.Someauthoritiesbelievethateventheburningofwoodandcharcoal(木炭)infireplacesandbarbequescanreleasesignificantquantitiesofsoot(油煙)intotheair.

Anothertypeofpollutionisthereleaseofnoxiousgases,suchassulfurdioxide,carbonmonoxide,nitrogenoxides,andchemicalvapors.Thesecantakepartinfurtherchemicalreactionsoncetheyareintheatmosphere,formingsmogandacidrain.

Pollutionalsoneedstobeconsideredinsideourhomes,offices,andschools.Someofthesepollutantscanbecreatedbyindooractivitiessuchassmokingandcooking.IntheUnitedStates,wespendabout80-90%ofourtimeinsidebuildings,andsoourexposuretoharmfulindoorpollutantscanbeserious.Itisthereforeimportanttoconsiderbothindoorandoutdoorairpollution.

OutdoorAirPollution

Smogisatypeoflarge-scaleoutdoorpollution.Itiscausedbychemicalreactionsbetweenpollutantsderivedfromdifferentsources,primarilyautomobileexhaustandindustrialemissions.Citiesareoftencentersofthesetypesofactivities,andmanysufferfromtheeffectsofsmog,especiallyduringthewarmmonthsoftheyear.AdditionalinformationaboutsmoganditseffectsareavailablefromtheAirQualityManagementDistrict(AQMD)insouthernCalifornia.

Foreachcity,theexactcausesofpollutionmaybedifferent.Dependingonthegeographicallocation,temperature,windandweatherfactors,pollutionisdisperseddifferently.However,sometimesthisdoesnothappenandthepollutioncanbuilduptodangerouslevels.Atemperatureinversionoccurswhenairclosetotheearthiscoolerthantheairaboveit.Undertheseconditionsthepollutioncannotriseandbedispersed.Citiessurroundedbymountainsalsoexperiencetrappingofpollution.Inversioncanhappeninanyseason.Winterinversionsarelikelytocauseparticulateandcarbonmon

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10.

OnlyasmallpercentageofAmerica'shighschoolseniorsplantomajorinengineeringatcollege.

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11.

TheaveragethicknessofArcticicehasnowbeenreducedby______.

12.

The______ofthosecaloriesisofsignificancewhennutritionistakenintoconsideration.

13.Accordingtothepassage,manypeoplewhotraveloverseasexpectto______.

A.seethelocalslivinginaprimitiveway

B.learntechnologydevelopedbyforeigners

C.challengethestereotypeabouttheirmotherland

D.experiencechangestakingplacesinanothercountry

14.

Jim'sparentsencouragedhimtostudyboththeconstructivistmathandtraditionalmath.

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15.

ThenewerSATIISubjectTestsaresupposedtoassessstudents'______.

A.abilitytoentercollege

B.knowledgeofcollegestudy

C.levelofversatility

D.knowledgeofasubject

16.AreWeTurningintoaNationofLoners?

Marriageisdown,andsoischildbirth.Butdivorceisup,alongwithsingle-personliving.ThisisBritaintoday.

AperiodofunprecedentedchangeinBritishfamilylife,whereadultsleadmoreisolatedlives,bringingupchildrenontheirownornothavingthematall,isdescribedinareporttoday.TheindependentFamilyPolicyStudiesCentrepaintsapictureofanevolvingsocietywithfewerchildren,fewermarriages,moredivorcesandmoresololiving,where"marriageandpartnershipsaremuchmorefragilethantheywere".

Althoughthegovernmenthasgonefurtherthananyotherindevelopingexplicitpoliciesforparentingandmarriage,ministersshouldbecome"moreintunewithcontemporaryfamilylife",itsays.Theyneedtoconsidertheeffectofthesechanges,thereportsays,notjustonchildrenaffectedbythebreakdownofadultrelationships,butonsocietyasawholeand"rightacrossthelifecycle".

Thereportsaysitisstilltooearlytotalkofthedeathofthe"traditionalfamily",becausefour-fifthsofdependentchildrenstillliveinafamilywithtwoparents,andnineintenofthoseparentsaremarried.Butotherstatisticsincludedinthereportdemonstratesignificantchangesinfamilydemographics(人口統(tǒng)計)withprofound,oftenunexplored,consequences.

Morethan6.5millionpeopleinBritain—about28%ofhouseholds—nowliveontheirown,threetimesasmanyas40yearsago,thereportsays.Nearlyaquarterofwomenbornin1973willstillbechildlessattheageof45,comparedwithaboutoneintenofthosebornin1943.Womenarehavingchildrenlater,onaverageat29ratherthanat26,asinthe1970s,andtheyarehavingfeweroffspring.Theaverageof1.73childrenperwomaninthelate1990s,thoughhigherthaninmostEUcountries,iswellbelowthe2.1neededtoretainthepopulationatitspresentlevelinthelongterm.

Loneparentstrebled

The21%ofdependentchildrenlivinginloneparenthouseholds(thevastmajoritywiththeirmother)hastrebled(三倍)fromthe7%in1972.Thenumberofloneparentshastrebledinthepast25years—therewereabout1.6millionsuchparentsand2.8milliondependentchildrenbythemid1990s,comparedwithjustover500000loneparentsand1milliondependentchildrenin1971.Withinthat1.6million,thefastestgrowinggroupissingle,never-marriedlonemothers.Theirproportion,42%in1997,isnearlydoubletheproportionof24%for1984.

"Twentyyearsagosuchwomenwouldhavemarriedonlytoseetheirrelationshipendinseparationordivorce,"thereportsays."Singlelonemothersshouldbeseenasthemodernequivalentofteenagersinearliergenerationswhoseshotgunmarriages(為懷孕所迫的結(jié)婚)failed."

Theannualmarriagerateisatitslowestlevelsincerecordsbegan160yearsago.In1961approximately330000first-timemarriagesand50000remarriagestookplace.By1997thesefigureshaddroppedtofewerthan200000first-timemarriagesandapproximately120000remarriages.Ofeveryfivemarriages,twowillendindivorce.Morethan150000childrenunder16experiencethedivorceoftheirparents,andifpresentratescontinue,28%ofchildrenunder16willexperiencedivorce.Thecostoffamilybreakdowntothepublicpursehasbeenestimatedatabout5billionayear.

Butmarriageisstillmorestablethancohabiting,withcoupleswholivetogetherunmarriedthreeorfourtimesmorelikelytosplitup.Futureresearchwillshowariseintheproportionofcohabitingcouples,fromtheoneinteninthemostrecentlyavailablefigures.Andthepresenceofchildreninacohabitingrelationshipdoesnotappeartoreducethebreakdownratesignificantly.AlthoughtheCentreitselfdevotessomespaceinitsreporttochildren,itsaysministersshouldbroadentheirscopeto

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17.Accordingtotheauthor,thosefascinatedtotravelareheldbackfromtravelingaroundtheworldby______.

18.

UnlikeclassesinSingapore,BelgiumandSweden.USclassesfocuson______.

A.mathandscience

B.keyconcepts

C.asuccessionofdetails

D.thedepthandsequence

19.

In1992,employmentinthemanufacturingsectionwas______.

20.EarthquakePreparedness

Oneofthemostfrighteninganddestructivephenomenaofnatureisasevereearthquakeanditsterribleaftereffects.

Earthquakesstrikesuddenly,violently,andwithoutwarningatanytimeofthedayornight.Ifanearthquakeoccursinapopulatedarea,itmaycausemanydeathsandinjuriesandextensivepropertydamage.Identifyingpotentialhazardsaheadoftimeandadvanceplanningcanreducethedangersofseriousinjuryorlossoflifefromanearthquake.

WhattoDoBeforeanEarthquake

CheckforHazardsintheHome

?Fastenshelvessecurelytowalls.

?Placelargeorheavyobjectsonlowershelves.

?Storebreakableitemssuchasbottledfoods,glass,andchinainlow,closedcabinetswithlatches.

?Hangheavyitemssuchaspicturesandmirrorsawayfrombeds,couches,andanywherepeoplesit.

?Braceoverheadlightfixtures.

?Repairdefectiveelectricalwiringandleakygasconnections.Thesearepotentialfirerisks.

?Secureawaterheaterbystrappingittothewallstuds(螺栓)andboltingittothefloor.

?Repairanydeepcracksinceilingsorfoundations.Getexpertadviceiftherearesignsofstructuraldefects.

?Storeweedkillers,pesticides,andflammableproductssecurelyinclosedcabinetswithlatchesandonbottomshelves.

IdentifySafePlacesIndoorsandOutdoors

?Understurdyfurnituresuchasaheavydeskortable.

?Againstaninsidewall.

?Awayfromwhereglasscouldshatteraroundwindows,mirrors,pictures,orwhereheavybookcasesorotherheavyfurniturecouldfallover.

?Intheopen,awayfrombuildings,trees,telephoneandelectricallines,overpasses,orelevatedexpressways.

EducateYourselfandFamilyMembers

?ContactyourlocalemergencymanagementofficeorAmericanRedCrosschapterformoreinformationonearthquakes.Alsoreadthe"How-toSeries"forinformationonhowtoprotectyourpropertyfromearthquakes.

?Teachchildrenhowandwhentocall911,police,orfiredepartmentandwhichradiostationtotunetoforemergencyinformation.

?Teachallfamilymembershowandwhentoturnoffgas,electricity,andwater.

HaveDisasterSuppliesonHand

?Flashlightandextrabatteries.

?Portablebattery-operatedradioandextrabatteries.

?Firstaidkitandmanual.

?Emergencyfoodandwater.

?Nonelectriccanopener.

?Essentialmedicines.

?Cashandcreditcards.

?Sturdyshoes.

DevelopanEmergencyCommunicationPlan

?Incasefamilymembersareseparatedfromoneanotherduringanearthquake(arealpossibilityduringthedaywhenadultsareatworkandchildrenareatschool),developaplanforreunitingafterthedisaster.

?Askanout-of-staterelativeorfriendtoserveasthe"familycontact".Afteradisaster,it'softeneasiertocalllongdistance.Makesureeveryoneinthefamilyknowsthename,address,andphonenumberofthecontactperson.

HelpYourCommunityGetReady

?Publishaspecialsectioninyourlocalnewspaperwithemergencyinformationonearthquakes.Localizetheinformationbyprimingthephonenumbersoflocalemergencyservicesoffices,theAmericanRedCross,andhospitals.

?Conductaweek-longseriesonlocatinghazardsinthehome.

?WorkwithlocalemergencyservicesandAmericanRedCrossofficialstopreparespecialreportsforpeoplewithmobilityimpairmentsonwhattododuring

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二、3.ListeningComprehension(20題)21.(22)

A.Twolocalpeople.

B.Alocalpersonandareservationworker.

C.Tworeservationworkers.

D.Areporterandareservationworker.

22.(29)

A.DirectingaFilm.

B.TheKeytoSuccess.

C.AWonderfulExperience.

D.WorkingwithFilmStars.

23.(38)

24.聽力原文：M:MyparentswanttocometovisitnextweekendbutI'vecheckedeveryhotelintheareaandtheyallseemtobefull.

W:Well,whynotcalltheCliffsideInn?It'snotsonearthecampusbutit'salwaysgotafewvacancies.

Q:Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?

(17)

A.Findahotelnearbyagaininafewdays.

B.Accommodatehisparentsinhisdormitory.

C.Askhisparentsnotcomeuntilhefindsaproperhotel.

D.Phoneahotelfartherfromthecampusforareservation.

25.

【B3】

26.

【B4】

27.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.

聽力原文：W:Itisapityyoumissedtheconcertyesterdayevening.Itwaswonderful!

M:Ididn'twanttomissthefootballgame.Well,I'mnotaclassicalmusicfananyway.

Q:Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?

(12)

A.Themanattendedtheconcertbutdidn'tlikeit.

B.Themanwassorrytomissthefootballgame.

C.Themanismoreinterestedinfootballthaninclassicalmusic.

D.Themanwassorrythathedidn'tattendtheconcert.

28.

【B8】

29.

【B9】

30.(26)

A.Thehightemperaturesrequiredforitsuse.

B.Thelackoftrainedenvironmentalengineers.

C.Theoppositionofautomobilemanufacturers.

D.Thehighcostofmaterialsusedinitsproduction.

31.SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.

聽力原文：ErnestHemingwaywasoneofthegreatAmericanwritersofthetwentiethcentury.HewasbornonJuly21,1899,thesecondofsixchildren.Hisfamilywasstrictandveryreligious.Hisfathertaughthischildrenaloveofnatureandtheoutdoorlife.Hismothertaughthimaloveofmusicandart.(26)Hegraduatedin1917,buthedidn'tgotocollege.HewenttoKansasCityandworkedasajournalistfortheStarnewspaper.Helearnedalot,butleftafteronlysixmonthstogotowar.

Hemingwaywasfascinatedbywar.Hehadwantedtobecomeasoldier,butcouldn'tbecausehehadpooreyesight.(27)Instead,intheFirstWorldWar,hebecameanambulancedriver.

Afterthewar,hewenttoliveinParis,wherehewasencouragedinhisworkbytheAmericanwriterGertrudeSteinInthe1930s,hebecameawarcorrespondentintheSpanishCivilWarandWorldWarII.Manyofhisbookswereaboutwar.(28)Hismostsuccessfulbook,ForWhomtheBellTolls,waswrittenin1940andisabouttheSpanishCivilWar.

Anothernovel,AFarewelltoArms,isaboutthefutilityofwar.

Hemingway'ssuccessinwritingwasnotmirroredbysimilarsuccessinhispersonallifeHemarriedfourtimes.Hishealthwasnotgoodandhehadmanyaccidents.Hesufferedfromdepressionanddrunkheavily.InOctoberof1954hewasawardedtheNobelPrizeinliterature,buthewastoosicktoreceiveitinperson.

26．WhatcanwelearnaboutErnestHemingway?

27.WhatdidHemingwaydoduringtheFirstWorldWar?

28.WhatisHemingway'sfamousbookForWhomtheBellTollsabout?

(27)

A.Hedidn'tgotocollege.

B.Hebenefitedalotfromsuccessfulpersonallife.

C.Hewasingoodhealth.

D.HewasawardedtheNobelPrizein1945.

32.(31)

A.Theheart.B.Themuscles.C.Thebrain.D.Thelegs.

33.

【B10】

34.(18)

A.Daveisintelligent.

B.Daveknowsalotaboutart.

C.Daveisverylogical.

D.DaveisthemanageroftheArtExhibit.

35.(36)

A.Onlyhumansrespondtoemotionsbysheddingtears.

B.Onlyhumansshedtearstogetridofirritatingstuffintheireyes.

C.Onlyhumantearscanresistinvadingbacteria.

D.Onlyhumantearscandischargecertainchemicals.

36.

【B2】

37.(32)

A.Theincreasedpressure.

B.Breathing.

C.Thecoldnessandthedarkness.

D.Dangeroussealives.

38.(24)

A.Theyneedtolistentotheirkidswithgreatinterestandattention.

B.Theyshouldtellwhetherit'stheirkidsmistake.

C.Theyshouldexchangealltheirlifestorieswiththekids.

D.Theyshouldgiverewardtotheirkidsoften.

39.(13)

A.Heloveshispresentwork.

B.Heisgoingtoopenastore.

C.Heisabouttoretire.

D.Heworksinarepairshop.

40.聽力原文：M:Mrs.Winter,Ineedyouradvice:Iwanttobuyadressformywife.CanyoutellmewhereIcangetoneatareasonableprice?

W:Sure.GotoRichard's.Ithasthelateststylesandgivesa30%discounttohusbandswhoshopalone.

Q:WhatdoweknowabouttheRichard'sstore?

(18)

A.ItisrunbyMrs.Winter'shusband.

B.IthiresMrs.Winterasanadviser.

C.Itgivesa30%discounttoallcustomers.

D.Itencourageshusbandstoshopontheirown.

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20題)41.Theselectionisprimarilyconcernedwith______.

A.wildlifeofallkindsreturningtolargecitiestolive

B.falconsinNewYork,Baltimore,Philadelphia,andNorfolk

C.moosestumblingintoplate-glassstorefronts

D.foxesreturningtoLondon

42.

【C6】

43.(62)

44.

Whatisstudents'immediatemissioninlife?

45.

Tomakemetamaterialsworkforalllightsinthevisiblespectrumisratherdifficultbecauseofthelimitationof______.

46.

Whydopeopledreamwhattheyworryabout?

A.Becausethebraintriestohelppeoplepreparefortheoccurrenceofadisaster.

B.Becausethebraintriestodeveloppeople'sabilitytolearntodealwithadisaster.

C.Becausedreamscanmakepeoplefeellessworriedabouttheoccurrenceofadisaster.

D.Becausedreamscanhelppeoplerememberwhattodowhenadisasteroccurred.

47.

Whichofthefollowinghasbeendonebytheauthorhimself?

A.Buyingthemedicalequipment.

B.Findingthelandandtheoffice.

C.Decoratingthebuildingthatwouldbecometheclinic.

D.Gettingaspeciallicensefortheretireddoctors.

48.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.

MasstransportationrevisedthesocialandeconomicfabricoftheAmericancityinthreefundamentalways.Itcatalyzed(刺激)physicalexpansion,itsortedoutpeopleandlanduses,anditacceleratedtheinherentinstabilityofurbanlife.Byopeningvastareasofunoccupiedlandforresidentialexpansion,theomnibuses,homerailways,commutertrains,andelectrictrolleyspulledsettledregionsoutwardtwotofourtimesmoredistantfromcitycentersthantheywereinthepremodernera.In1850,forexample,thebordersofBostonlayscarcelytwomilesfromtheoldbusinessdistrict;bytheturnofthecenturytheradiusextendedtenmiles.Nowthosewhocouldafforditcouldlivefarremovedfromtheoldcitycenterandstillcommutethereforwork,shopping,andentertainment.Thenewaccessibilityoflandaroundtheperipheryofalmosteverymajorcitysparkedanexplosionofrealestatedevelopmentandfueledwhatwenowknowasurbansprawl.Between1890and1920,forexample,some250,000newresidentiallotswererecordedwithinthebordersofChicago,mostofthemlocatedinoutlyingareas.Overthesameperiod,another550,000wereplottedoutsidethecitylimitsbutwithinthemetropolitanarea.Anxioustotakeadvantageofthepossibilitiesofcommuting,realestatedevelopersadded800,000potentialbuildingsitestotheChicagoregioninjustthirtyyears—lotsthatcouldhavehousedfivetosixmillionpeople.

Ofcourse,manywereneveroccupied;therewasalwaysahugesurplusofsubdivided,butvacant,landaroundChicagoandothercities.Theseexcessesunderscoreafeatureofresidentialexpansionrelatedtothegrowthofmasstransportation:urbansprawlwasessentiallyunplanned.Itwascarriedoutbythousandsofsmallinvestorswhopaidlittleheedtocoordinatedlanduseortofuturelandusers.Thosewhopurchasedandpreparedlandforresidentialpurposes,particularlylandnearoroutsidecityborderswheretransitlinesandmiddle-classinhabitantswereanticipated,didsotocreatedemandasmuchastorespondtoit.Chicagoisaprimeexampleofthisprocess.Realestatesubdivisionthereproceededmuchfasterthanpopulationgrowth.

Whatisthepassagemainlyconcerned?

49.

WhyisGatesconstantlyworriedaboutthefutureofMicrosoft?

50.

Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaboutthetonguesurgery?

A.ItcangreatlylengthenthetongueofSouthKoreans.

B.ItisonedisplayofcrazeforlearningbeautifulEnglish.

C.Mostfamiliescanafforditsinceitissuchasimpleoperation.

D.Itscurrentstatisticsareavailable,calculatedat10proceduresamonth.

51.

AudienceseverywherefoundtheAmericandreaminthe______

A.comics'ingenuityandoptimism

B.cowboys'spiritofadventure

C.characters'determinationtosucceed

D.bothAandB

52.

Forchildren,tobe"present"(Line3,Para.4)isto______.

53.Notlongafterthetelephonewasinvented.Iassume,acallwasplaced.Thecallerwasaparentsaying，“Yourchildisbullyingmychild,andIwantitstopped!”Thebully'sparentreplied，“Youmusthavethewrongnumber.Mychildisa1ittleangel.”

Atrillionphonecallslater.Theconversationisthesame.Whenchildrenareteasedortyrannized(欺壓)，thepa