湖南省高二下學(xué)期普通高中學(xué)業(yè)水平合格性考試模擬試題（解析版）

第2頁(yè)/共16頁(yè)2023年湖南省普通高中學(xué)業(yè)水平合格性考試模擬試卷英語(yǔ)本試題卷分為閱讀技能、知識(shí)運(yùn)用、寫作技能三個(gè)部分，共8頁(yè)。時(shí)量90分鐘，滿分100分。第一部分閱讀技能(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)閱讀理解(共12小題;每小題3分，滿分36分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。ADoyouknowwhattodowhenthereisanemergency?Bycallingthepolice,youcanprotectyourselfandthosearoundyou.Callthepoliceinallofthefollowingemergencies:◆Acrime,suchasatheft,especiallyifitisstillinprogress.◆Acaraccident,especiallyifsomeoneisinjured.◆Domesticviolence,suchasachildbeingmistreated.◆Anythingelsethatseemslikeanemergency.Youmayalsocallthepolicewhenyouseesomethingsuspicious(可疑的)inyourneighborhood:◆Someoneyoudon’tknowisfrequentlywalkingaroundinyourneighborhood.Thiscouldbeasignthatthepersonistryingtobreakintoahouse.◆Someoneistryingtoopenthedoorsofacar.Thiscouldbeasignthatthepersonistryingtostealthecar.Whenyouseesomethingsuspicious,donotsupposesomeoneelsehasalreadycalledthepolice.Peopleoftenhesitatetocallthepoliceforfearofdanger.However,thepolicewanttohelppreventcrime.Whatshouldyoudowhenyoucallthepolice?◆Dial911(theU.S.emergencynumber;thenumbervariesfromonecountrytoanother—inChina,youdial110tocallthepolice).Staycalmwhencallingandgiveyourname,addressandphonenumber.Then,tellthepersonwhyyouarecalling(Whathappened?Wheredidithappen?Whendidithappen?Isitstillinprogress?).Followanyinstructionsyouaregiven.Forexample,thedispatcher(調(diào)度員)mightsay,“Stayontheline,”or“Leavethebuilding.”◆Ifyoudialtheemergencynumberbymistake.donothangup.Doingsocouldmakethedispatcherthinkanemergencyreallyexists.Instead，justtellthepersonthatyoucalledbymistake.Mostpolicedepartmentshaveacommunicationcenter.Thecommunicationcenterstaffreachpoliceofficersbyradio.Policeofficerscarryheadsets.likeearphones,tostayintouchwiththecommunicationcenter.1.Whencallingthepolice,youDON’Tneedtogive______tothedispatcher.A.yourname B.yourphonenumberC.yourIDcardnumber D.somedetailsoftheemergency2.Whatshouldyoudoifyoudialtheemergencynumberbymistake?A.Poweroffyoursmartphone. B.Hangupyourphoneatonce.C.Tellthedispatcheryoucalledbymistake. D.Gotoapolicestationtoexplainyourmistake.3.Whatdothecommunicationcenterstaffinpolicedepartmentsdo?A.Monitorpoliceofficers. B.Answeremergencycalls.C.Tellpeoplewhattodoinanemergency. D.Reachpoliceofficerswhenthereisanemergency.4.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.Totellpeoplewhenandhowtocallthepolice.B.Tointroduceapoliceofficer’sgeneralduties.C.Tosharetheauthor’sexperienceofcallingthepolice.D.Tothankthepolicefortryingtopreventcrimes.【答案】1.C2.C3.D4.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了何時(shí)以及如何報(bào)警。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“Staycalmwhencallingandgiveyourname,addressandphonenumber.(打電話時(shí)保持冷靜，留下你的姓名、地址和電話號(hào)碼)”可知，報(bào)警的時(shí)候。你不需要把你的身份證號(hào)碼給調(diào)度員。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“◆Ifyoudialtheemergencynumberbymistake.donothangup.Doingsocouldmakethedispatcherthinkanemergencyreallyexists.Instead,justtellthepersonthatyoucalledbymistake.(如果你撥錯(cuò)了緊急號(hào)碼。別掛電話。這樣做可以使調(diào)度員認(rèn)為緊急情況確實(shí)存在。相反，你應(yīng)該告訴對(duì)方你打錯(cuò)電話了)”可知，如果你打錯(cuò)了緊急號(hào)碼，應(yīng)該告訴調(diào)度員你打錯(cuò)電話了。故選C。【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Thecommunicationcenterstaffreachpoliceofficersbyradio.(通訊中心的工作人員通過(guò)無(wú)線電與警察取得聯(lián)系)”可知，警察部門的通訊中心工作人員在發(fā)生緊急情況時(shí)聯(lián)系警察。故選D。4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Doyouknowwhattodowhenthereisanemergency?Bycallingthepolice,youcanprotectyourselfandthosearoundyou.(你知道遇到緊急情況時(shí)該怎么做嗎？通過(guò)報(bào)警，你可以保護(hù)自己和你周圍的人)”結(jié)合文章主要說(shuō)明了何時(shí)以及如何報(bào)警。可推知，文章的目的是告訴人們何時(shí)以及如何報(bào)警。故選A。BAndersonCareyis12yearsold.Oneday,hesawamagazinearticlethatinterestedhim.Itwasaboutprosthetics(假肢),whichcanbeusedtoreplaceahand,armorleg.Thearticlesaidpeopleareusing3-Dprinterstobuildthesedevices.Andersonthoughtthiswasverycool.Hewantedtolearnmoreaboutit.SoAndersontalkedtohisscienceteacher,Dr.HollyMartin.Heaskediftheycouldbuildaprosthetictogether.Thetiming(時(shí)機(jī)的把握)wasperfect.MartinhadjustheardaboutagroupcalledEnablingtheFuture.Thisgroupasksvolunteerstohelptobuildroboticarmsandlegs.Thevolunteersbuildthemforpeoplewhosharetheirstoriesonthewebsite.AndersonandMartinlookedthroughthewebsitetogether.TheydecidedtohelpamanfromthecountryofRomania.HisnameisCornelCrismaru,wholosthisleg,handandpartofhisarm.InFebruary,AndersonandMartingottowork.Buildingtheroboticarmwasnoteasy.Andersonranintosomeproblemsalongtheway.Hehadhopedtousea3-DPrinterathisschool.Oneofthepiecesforthearmwasbiggerthanthesizeoftheprinter,though.SoonAndersonhadanideatosolvethisproblem.Hereachedouttoa3-DprintingcompanyinWoodstock,Georgia.Thecompanyagreedtohelp.AndersonandMartincouldusetheirbig3-Dprinters.Afterthat,Andersonworkedonthearmforaboutthreemonths.AndersonandMartinsentthearmtoCrismaruinMay.InAugust,theyreceivedanotice.ItisfromCrismaru’sson.HethankedAndersonandMartinfortheirhelp.Martinsaidshehopeschildrenandgrown-upswhohearaboutAndersonsprojectswillrealizethatitmaybehardtochangetheworld,buttheycanstartwithsmallacts.Someofthesecanhelpapersoninahugeway.5Andersontalkedtohisscienceteacherabout_______.Astartingawebsitetogether B.buyinga3-DprinterC.buildingaprosthetictogether D.studyingrobots6.AndersonandDr.MartinlearnedfromthewebsitethatCrismaru______.A.lostsomebodyparts B.wantedtobeavolunteerC.washomeless D.wasinterestedinrobots7.HowdidAndersonsolvehisproblem?A.Hemadeanew3-Dprinter. B.HеtookDr.Martin’sadvice.C.Heworkedtogetherwithhisschool. D.Hegothelpfroma3-Dprintingcompany.8.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.AllroadsleadtoRome. B.Failureisthemotherofsuccess.C.Thosewhohelpothershelpthemselves. D.Smallactsmakeabigdifference.【答案】5.C6.A7.D8.D【解析】【分析】本文是記敘文。文章講述了Anderson和他的科學(xué)老師Martin一起用3D打印機(jī)打印假肢幫助殘疾人的善行?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“SoAndersontalkedtohisscienceteacher,Dr.HollyMartin.Heaskediftheycouldbuildaprosthetictogether.(Anderson和他的科學(xué)老師HollyMartin博士談了談。他問(wèn)他們是否可以一起做一個(gè)假體)”可知，Anderson想和科學(xué)老師一起做假肢。故選C項(xiàng)。【6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“HisnameisCornelCrismaru,wholosthisleg,handandpartofhisarm.(他的名字是CornelCrismaru，他失去了他的腿，手和部分手臂)”可知，Crismaru身體殘缺。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段“SoonAndersonhadanideatosolvethisproblem.Hereachedouttoa3-DprintingcompanyinWoodstock,Georgia.Thecompanyagreedtohelp.(很快，Anderson想到了一個(gè)解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題的辦法。他聯(lián)系了喬治亞州伍德斯托克的一家3D打印公司。該公司同意提供幫助)”可知，Anderson找到一家3D打印公司解決問(wèn)題。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，文章講述了Anderson和他的科學(xué)老師Martin一起用3D打印機(jī)打印假肢幫助殘疾人的善行，結(jié)合最后一段“Martinsaidshehopeschildrenandgrown-upswhohearaboutAndersonsprojectswillrealizethatitmaybehardtochangetheworld,buttheycanstartwithsmallacts.Someofthesecanhelpapersoninahugeway.(Martin說(shuō)，她希望聽(tīng)到Anderson計(jì)劃的孩子和成年人能意識(shí)到，改變世界可能很難，但他們可以從小事做起。一些小事也可以給個(gè)人帶來(lái)巨大的影響)”可推知，小小善行也能帶來(lái)巨大的影響(makeabigdifference)。故選D項(xiàng)。CHaveyoueverwonderedwhatwildanimalsdowhennooneiswatching?Scientistshavebeenabletorecordthe“private”momentsofwildlifewithleading-edgetechnology.Low-cost,dependableandsmallmoderncamerasareofbighelp.Camerasplacedinhard-to-reachplaceshavetakenvideosofeverythingfromsmalldesertcatstolatersnow-lovingfelines(貓科動(dòng)物)inthenorthernRockyMountains.Thesecamerasareimportanttoolstolearnnewinformationonwildlife.Somevideoshelpscientistsseetheeffectsofclimatechange.Forexample,thedesertanimaljavelina(矛牙野豬)andthetree-lovingcoatimundi(南美浣熊)havebeencaughtoncamerasnorthoftheirnormalhome.Thiscouldmeanglobalwarmingisenlargingtheirlivingareanorthward.Researchersusecameras,alongwithGlobalPositioningSystemsorGPS.TheyattachGPSdevicestoanimalslivinginoraroundYellowstoneNationalPark.Thentheycanrecordtheirmovements,ormigrations(遷移).Thesecamerascanbeleftinthewildfordays,weeksorevenmonths.Theycanprovideinformationonhowmanyanimalsaremovingoveragivenperiodoftime.Puttingthosecamerasinplacerequirescarefulplanning.Videosrecordedbythosecamerascanshowdetailsaboutanimalbehavior.However,theyhavetheirproblemstoo.Animalssuchaswolverines(狼獾)andbearssometimesattackthem.Scientistsdonotknowiftheattacksaretheresultofangerorinterest.Also,thedeviceshavebecomepopulartoolstohelphunterslookforanimals.Somepeoplearguethatitisunfairtousethecamerasthatway.Evenwithsuchproblems,wildcamerasareclearlyimportantscientifictoolsinresearchingwildanimals.9.Whichofthefollowinghelpsscientistsknowaboutclimatechange?A.Howactivewildanimalsare. B.Whatwildanimalseat.C.Wherewildanimalsgo. D.Whenwildanimalsmove.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“devices”inparagraph4mean?A.Tools. B.Maps. C.Pictures. D.Videos.11.Whatproblemmaythewildcamerascause?A.Theymaymakewildanimalsfightwitheachother. B.Theymaymakewildanimalspuzzled.C.Theymayattractonlyafewwildanimals. D.Theymaybringdangertowildanimals.12.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Camerasrecordanimalsinthewild B.CamerasbecomepopularinthewildC.Animalsnolongerhavesecrets D.Aninventionmakesanimalsmad【答案】9.C10.A11.D12.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要講述相機(jī)被用于觀察野生動(dòng)物遷徙的途徑和行為，可以觀察到氣候變化對(duì)動(dòng)物的影響，但是相機(jī)對(duì)動(dòng)物也有不好的影響，主要體現(xiàn)在幫助獵人捕獵動(dòng)物?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Somevideoshelpscientistsseetheeffectsofclimatechange.Forexample,thedesertanimaljavelina(矛牙野豬)andthetree-lovingcoatimundi(南美浣熊)havebeencaughtoncamerasnorthoftheirnormalhome.Thiscouldmeanglobalwarmingisenlargingtheirlivingareanorthward.(一些視頻幫助科學(xué)家看到氣候變化的影響。例如，沙漠動(dòng)物矛牙野豬和喜愛(ài)樹木的南美浣熊在它們平常的家以北被攝像機(jī)拍到了。這可能意味著全球變暖正在向北擴(kuò)大它們的生存范圍)”可知，野生動(dòng)物去的地方有助于科學(xué)家了解氣候變化。故選C。【10題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“TheyattachGPS”以及后文“toanimalslivinginoraroundYellowstoneNationalPark”以及“Thentheycanrecordtheirmovements,ormigrations(遷移).(然后他們可以記錄它們的運(yùn)動(dòng)，或遷移)”可知，研究人員給生活在黃石國(guó)家公園內(nèi)或附近的動(dòng)物安裝了GPS工具，來(lái)記錄動(dòng)物的運(yùn)動(dòng)，或遷移。故劃線詞意思是“工具”。故選A?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Also,thedeviceshavebecomepopulartoolstohelphunterslookforanimals.Somepeoplearguethatitisunfairtousethecamerasthatway.(此外，這些設(shè)備已經(jīng)成為幫助獵人尋找動(dòng)物的流行工具。一些人認(rèn)為這樣使用攝像頭是不公平的)”可推知，相機(jī)同樣被用于幫助獵人尋找動(dòng)物，這對(duì)動(dòng)物會(huì)產(chǎn)生危險(xiǎn)，故選D。【12題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Haveyoueverwonderedwhatwildanimalsdowhennooneiswatching?Scientistshavebeenabletorecordthe“private”momentsofwildlifewithleading-edgetechnology.Low-cost,dependableandsmallmoderncamerasareofbighelp.(你有沒(méi)有想過(guò)野生動(dòng)物在沒(méi)有人注視的時(shí)候會(huì)做什么？科學(xué)家們已經(jīng)能夠用先進(jìn)的技術(shù)記錄野生動(dòng)物的“私人”時(shí)刻。低成本、可靠、小巧的現(xiàn)代相機(jī)大有幫助)”結(jié)合本文主要講述相機(jī)被用于觀察野生動(dòng)物遷徙的途徑和行為，可以觀察到氣候變化對(duì)動(dòng)物的影響，但是相機(jī)對(duì)動(dòng)物也有不好的影響，主要體現(xiàn)在幫助獵人捕獵動(dòng)物，A選項(xiàng)“照相機(jī)記錄野生動(dòng)物”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選A。第二節(jié)小標(biāo)題填空(共3小題;每小題3分，滿分9分)下面文章中有3處需要添加小標(biāo)題。請(qǐng)從以下選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中選出符合各段意思的小標(biāo)題。選項(xiàng)中有一項(xiàng)是多余選項(xiàng)。Howtodealwithanxietybeforeexams?Herearesomedosanddon’tsthatmighthelpyouwithyourexams.Don’tarrivetooearly.Youprobablyarriveearlybeforeanexam,butgettingtheretooearlyisnotagoodidea.Whenyou’rereviewingwithfriendsyoumightgetmoreanxious.Instead,trytogettherefivetotenminutesearlierandkeepyourselffromtalkingabouttheexamtoanybody.___13___Lackofsleepisahugefactorinincreasinganxiety.Whenyournervoussystemisnotrested,it’stoolate,andthiswillmakeyouanxious.Also,youwillhaveahardertimeconcentrating.So,insteadofstudyingdeepintothenight,youshouldworkongettingaregularsleeppattern.___14___Ifyou’veworkedhard,andyouareready,youdon’tneedthis.Reviewingonthedayoftheexammightmakeyoufeellikeyou’vemissedoutonsometopics.Andtobehonest,ifthat’sthecase,it’stoolate,andthiswillmakeyouanxious.Soyouhadbetterjustberestedandrelaxedfortheexamanddoyourbest.Doeatwell.Don’tforgettohaveagoodmeal.Wetendtoforgettoeatwhenwe’retooanxious,buteatingisessential.Yourbrainneedssugartofunctionproperly.Youhavetoeatsomethingbeforeattendinganexam.Itwillgiveyoumoreenergyandloweryouranxietylevel.___15___Beforeandduringanexam,don’tthinkabouttheresult.Stayfocusedonthepresent.Youshouldnot,thinkaboutyourgrades,yourchancesofgettingintocollege,andyourfamily’sopinion,etc.Theonlythingthatmattersisyouandtheexam.Trytoseparateyourselffromanythingelse.A.Dosleepwell.B.Dolistentoyourteachers.C.Don’tthinkabouttheresultoftheexam.D.Don’treviewonthedayoftheexam.【答案】13.A14.D15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了幫助緩解考前焦慮的方法。【13題詳解】根據(jù)空后的“Lackofsleepisahugefactorinincreasinganxiety.Whenyournervoussystemisnotrested,it’stoolate,andthiswillmakeyouanxious.(睡眠不足是增加焦慮的一個(gè)重要因素。當(dāng)你的神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)沒(méi)有得到休息時(shí)，就太晚了，這會(huì)讓你感到焦慮。)”可知，缺乏睡眠是增加焦慮的因素，神經(jīng)得不到休息時(shí)，會(huì)使你更焦慮，由此可知，該部分的主題和睡眠相關(guān)，A選項(xiàng)“Dosleepwell.(一定要睡好。)”講述的內(nèi)容與空后內(nèi)容吻合，且概括了該段的主題。故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】根據(jù)空后的“Ifyou’veworkedhard,andyouareready,youdon’tneedthis.Reviewingonthedayoftheexammightmakeyoufeellikeyou’vemissedoutonsometopics.(如果你努力工作，你已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備好了，你不需要這個(gè)。在考試當(dāng)天復(fù)習(xí)可能會(huì)讓你覺(jué)得你錯(cuò)過(guò)了一些主題。)”可知，如果曾經(jīng)很努力，并且已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備就緒，就不需要這個(gè)，考試當(dāng)天復(fù)習(xí)會(huì)使你覺(jué)自己漏掉很多的主題，由此可知，本段講述的內(nèi)容與復(fù)習(xí)相關(guān)，D選項(xiàng)“Don’treviewonthedayoftheexam.(考試當(dāng)天不要復(fù)習(xí)。)”講述的內(nèi)容與本段內(nèi)容吻合，且概括了本段的內(nèi)容。故選D項(xiàng)。【15題詳解】根據(jù)空后的“Beforeandduringanexam,don’tthinkabouttheresult.Stayfocusedonthepresent.(在考試前和考試中，不要去想結(jié)果。專注于現(xiàn)在。)”可知，考試前或考試期間不要考慮結(jié)果，要關(guān)注當(dāng)前的事情，所以本段的主題與考試結(jié)果有關(guān)系，C選項(xiàng)“Don’tthinkabouttheresultoftheexam.(不要考慮考試的結(jié)果。)”講述的內(nèi)容與考試結(jié)果相關(guān)，且概括了本段的主題。故選C項(xiàng)。第二部分知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分25分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。LastnightmyhusbandandIwerewalkinginanearbyparkinglot,whenwesawamanbentoverontheground,crushing(碾碎)somethingwitha(n)____16____.Hewassofocusedonhistaskthathedidn’t____17____atanyonepassingby.Wekeptnoticinghimandwonderedwhathecouldbedoing.____18____,wedecidedtogoupandaskhim.Hewascrushingpiecesofleftoverbreadthathehadcollectedtopreparefoodforthebirdsthatcomethereearlymorning.Thelargepiecesofbreadwouldbe____19____forthebirdstoeat,sohecrushedthemintopowder.Everynight,aftercominghomefromhisjob,hegoesaroundthevillas(鄉(xiāng)間別墅),____20____leftoverbread.Hetheneatsa____21____mealandcomeshere,andspendsthenext1-2____22____carefullycrushingeachpieceandmakesaneatpileforthebirds.Whatpuzzledusmorewasthathewas____23____thatwewereeventakinganinterestinthis,sinceforhimitwasn’tabigdeal.Whenweaskedhimwhat____24____himtodothisactofservice,hesaid,“It’sjustsomethingsmallIdo,sothattheleftoverbreaddoesn’tgointotherubbishandthebirdsgetfood.”We_____25_____hisstorywiththehopethatitwouldremindustobeawareofleftoverstooandthatitmightinspiresomeonetostartsomethingsimilarintheirownarea.16.A.rock B.plate C.eraser D.fan17.A.lookdown B.lookup C.lookafter D.lookthrough18.A.Finally B.Suddenly C.Immediately D.However19.A.necessary B.welcome C.difficult D.possible20.A.bringing B.collecting C.saving D.making21.A.big B.hot C.quick D.delicious22.A.seconds B.hours C.days D.weeks23.A.surprised B.disappointed C.sorry D.afraid24.A.forced B.trained C.employed D.encouraged25.A.bought B.borrowed C.sent D.shared【答案】16.A17.B18.A19.C20.B21.C22.B23.A24.D25.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主一篇記敘文。主要介紹的是作者與丈夫散步時(shí)碰到一人將收集來(lái)的剩面包屑碾碎喂鳥，作者分享了這個(gè)故事為提醒人們關(guān)注一下剩菜剩飯問(wèn)題?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：昨天晚上，我和丈夫在附近的一個(gè)停車場(chǎng)散步時(shí)，看到一個(gè)男人趴在地上，用一塊石頭砸著什么東西。A.rock巖石，石子；B.plate盤子；C.eraser橡皮擦；D.fan風(fēng)扇。根據(jù)常識(shí)與上文中的“whenwesawamanbentoverontheground,crushing(碾碎)something”可知，碾碎東西應(yīng)該用“石子”符合語(yǔ)接。故選A項(xiàng)。【17題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。句意：他如此專注于他的工作，以至于他沒(méi)有抬頭看任何經(jīng)過(guò)的人。A.lookdown向下看；B.lookup抬頭看；C.lookafter照顧；D.lookthrough瀏覽。根據(jù)上文中的“Hewassofocusedonhistask”可知，他專心自己的事情，所以沒(méi)有“抬頭”看任何經(jīng)過(guò)的人。故選B項(xiàng)。【18題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：最后，我們決定上去問(wèn)問(wèn)他。A.Finally最后；B.Suddenly突然；C.Immediately立刻；D.However然而。根據(jù)上文中的“Wekeptnoticinghimandwonderedwhathecouldbedoing.”以及下文中的“wedecidedtogoupandaskhim.”可知，作者首先很好奇，“最后”決定去詢問(wèn)他在干什么。故選A項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：大塊的面包對(duì)鳥兒來(lái)說(shuō)很難吃，所以他把它們壓成粉末。A.necessary必要的；B.welcome受歡迎的；C.difficult困難的；D.possible可能的。根據(jù)下文中的“sohecrushedthemintopowder”可知，他碾碎這些面包是因?yàn)橛行B吃著“困難”。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：每天晚上下班回家后，他都會(huì)到別墅周圍，收集剩下的面包。A.bringing帶來(lái)；B.collecting收集；C.saving節(jié)約；D.making使，讓，制造。根據(jù)上文中的“Hewascrushingpiecesofleftoverbreadthathehadcollectedtopreparefoodforthebirdsthatcomethereearlymorning.”可知，他把收集來(lái)的剩下的面包碾碎，由此可知，此處指“收集”符合語(yǔ)境。故選B項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：然后，他吃了一頓快餐，來(lái)到這里，然后用接下來(lái)的1-2個(gè)小時(shí)小心地把每一塊都?jí)核?，并為鳥類做一個(gè)整齊的堆。A.big大的；B.hot熱的；C.quick快速的；D.delicious美味的。根據(jù)上文中的“Everynight,aftercominghomefromhisjob,hegoesaroundthevillas(鄉(xiāng)間別墅),____5____leftoverbread.”可知，他下班回來(lái)就來(lái)這里，圍繞鄉(xiāng)間別墅走動(dòng)著，收集剩下的面包，此處使用“快速的”吃完飯表達(dá)他干這件事的很投入。故選C項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然后，他吃了一頓快餐，來(lái)到這里，然后用接下來(lái)的1-2個(gè)小時(shí)小心地把每一塊都?jí)核?，并為鳥類做一個(gè)整齊的堆。A.seconds秒；B.hours小時(shí)；C.days日子；D.weeks周，星期。根據(jù)上文中的“Everynight,aftercominghomefromhisjob”并結(jié)合生活常識(shí)可知。他晚上下班回來(lái)，干上1-2個(gè)“小時(shí)”符合語(yǔ)境。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：更讓我們困惑的是，他很驚訝我們竟然對(duì)這個(gè)感興趣，因?yàn)閷?duì)他來(lái)說(shuō)這并不是什么大事。A.surprised驚訝的；B.disappointed失望的；C.sorry難過(guò)的；D.afraid害怕的。根據(jù)下文中的“thatwewereeventakinganinterestinthis,sinceforhimitwasn’tabigdeal.”可知，對(duì)他來(lái)說(shuō)算不上什么大事，而我們對(duì)此感興趣，所以此處指的是這讓他感到“驚訝”。故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我們問(wèn)他是什么鼓勵(lì)他這樣做時(shí)，他說(shuō):“這只是我做的一件小事，這樣吃剩的面包就不會(huì)被扔進(jìn)垃圾堆，鳥兒就能得到食物。”A.forced強(qiáng)迫；B.trained訓(xùn)練；C.employed雇傭；D.encouraged鼓勵(lì)。根據(jù)下文中的“hesaid,“It’sjustsomethingsmallIdo,sothattheleftoverbreaddoesn’tgointotherubbishandthebirdsgetfood.”并結(jié)合下文中的“andthatitmightinspiresomeonetostartsomethingsimilarintheirownarea.”可知，他說(shuō)這只是一件做的小事，這樣面包就不會(huì)被扔進(jìn)垃圾桶，面鳥兒可以得到食物，由此可知，作者問(wèn)他是什么“激勵(lì)”他這樣做的。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我們分享了他的故事，希望它能提醒我們也要注意剩菜剩飯，并可能激勵(lì)人們?cè)谧约旱牡貐^(qū)開(kāi)始類似的事情。A.bought買；B.borrowed借；C.sent發(fā)送；D.shared分享。根據(jù)下文中“withthehopethatitwouldremindustobeawareofleftoverstooandthatitmightinspiresomeonetostartsomethingsimilarintheirownarea.”可知，作者希望這件事會(huì)提醒人們注意剩菜剩飯，并激勵(lì)一些人在自己區(qū)域也做類似的事，所以，此處指的是“分享”這件事符合語(yǔ)境。故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)語(yǔ)法填空(共10小題;每小題1分，滿分10分)閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Oneimportantfeatureofclassicliteratureisthatitoftenreflectsanauthor’sownexperiencesandcanthereforehelp____26____(we)understandtheimportantissuesofhisorhertime.Thisisonereason____27____thebestworksofliteraturestillappealtoreaderslongafterthey____28____(write).CaoXueqin’sADreamofRedMansions,oneofthemostsignificant____29____(novel)inChineseliteratureisagoodexampleofthis.Itsstorylinefollowsthefallofalarge____30____(wealth)familymuchliketheauthor’sown.Nodoubt____31____(draw)onhisownexperiences,CaoXueqingivesadetaileddescriptionofwhatlifewaslikeatthattime.Thenovelcontainsagreatnumberofdetailssuchaswhattheupperclassworeand____32____(eat).Italsodescribesthesocialrelationsin18th-centuryChina.Asaresult,readersareable____33____(understand)thegapbetweenrichandpoor,menandwomen,thelearnedand____34____uneducatedinthehistoricalcontext.CulturalandhistoricalelementslikethesemakeADreamofRedMansionsatimelessclassic._____35_____summary,wecanlearnmuchaboutaspecificperiodinhistoryfromclassicliterature.【答案】26.us27.why28.werewritten29.novels30.wealthy31.drawing32.ate33.tounderstand34.the35.In【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要以曹雪芹的《紅樓夢(mèng)》為例子講述了古典文學(xué)的一個(gè)主要特點(diǎn)——它經(jīng)常反映作者自己的經(jīng)歷，因此可以幫助我們了解他或她所處時(shí)代的一些重要話題?！?6題詳解】考查代詞。句意：經(jīng)典文學(xué)的一個(gè)重要特點(diǎn)是，它往往反映了作者自己的經(jīng)歷，因此可以幫助我們理解他或她那個(gè)時(shí)代的重要問(wèn)題。動(dòng)詞help后接人稱代詞的賓格形式。故填us?！?7題詳解】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：這就是為什么最好的文學(xué)作品在完成很久之后仍然對(duì)讀者有吸引力的原因之一。句中先行詞為reason，在定語(yǔ)從句中作原因狀語(yǔ)，所以用關(guān)系副詞why引導(dǎo)。故填why?！?8題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：這就是為什么最好的文學(xué)作品在完成很久之后仍然對(duì)讀者有吸引力的原因之一。陳述過(guò)去事情，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。主語(yǔ)they與write之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故填werewritten。【29題詳解】考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：曹雪芹的《紅樓夢(mèng)》就是一個(gè)很好的例子，它是中國(guó)文學(xué)中最重要的小說(shuō)之一。oneofthe+形容詞最高級(jí)+復(fù)數(shù)名詞。故填novels?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：它的故事情節(jié)講述了一個(gè)與作者自己的家庭相似的富裕大家族的衰落。名詞family前用形容詞修飾。故填wealthy。【31題詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，曹雪芹根據(jù)自己經(jīng)歷，對(duì)當(dāng)時(shí)的生活進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的描述。句中已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，所以用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞修飾。邏輯主語(yǔ)CaoXueqin與draw之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)。故填drawing?！?2題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：這部小說(shuō)包含了大量的細(xì)節(jié)，如上流社會(huì)的穿著和飲食。根據(jù)并列連詞and前動(dòng)詞wore可知，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故填ate?！?3題詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：因此，讀者能夠理解在歷史背景下的貧富差距，男人和女人，有學(xué)問(wèn)的人和沒(méi)受過(guò)教育的人。beabletodosth.能夠做某事。故填tounderstand?！?4題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：因此，讀者能夠理解在歷史背景下的貧富差距，男人和女人，有學(xué)問(wèn)的人和沒(méi)受過(guò)教育的人。the+形容詞，表示一類人。故填the。【35題詳解】考查介詞。句意：總之，我們可以從經(jīng)典文學(xué)中了解到很多關(guān)于歷史上一個(gè)特定時(shí)期的信息。insummary總之,置于句首，首字母大寫。故填I(lǐng)n。第三部分寫作技能(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)雙向翻譯(共5小題;每小題2分，滿分10分)請(qǐng)根據(jù)上下文內(nèi)容，將文中劃線部分譯成漢語(yǔ)或者英語(yǔ)。IntheWest,ifyouaregoingtovisitsomeone’shome,itispolitetotakeapresentwithyou.Flowers,wineandsweetsareallgoodchoices.However,ifyouwanttoimpressthehostorhostess,____36____whynotbringwithyousomethinghandmade?ItisalwayswisetobringbooksaboutChinatoyourforeignfriends____37____目的是為了讓他們更多地了解中國(guó).Ifyouthinkbooksaretooordinary,youcanbringsometraditionalhandicraftssuchasfans.____38____Inthepast,fanswereusednotjusttocooloneself.Sometimesfansweredecoratedwithpaintingsorpoems.Whenyougiveyourfriendsthepresent,youcantellthemalittleaboutChinesehistory.Forthehostess,youcangivehersilkorapresentwithbeautifulChinesedecorations,suchasahandmadepurseoraChinesecomb.I’msureshewilllikeit.Youcanalsogiveyourforeignfriendssomethingtoeatordrink.____39____你可以做一些中國(guó)菜andtakethemtoyourfriends’house.YoucanalsobringChinesetea.TeaisanationaldrinkinChina.ItisanimportantpartofChineseculture.____40____Ifyouneedtobringapresenttochildren,toypandasareagoodchoice.ThegiantpandaisChina’snationaltreasure.Itispopulararoundtheworld.【答案】36.為什么不帶上一些手工制作東西（禮物）呢？37.sothattheycanknowmoreaboutChina/inorderthattheycanknowmoreaboutChina38.在過(guò)去，扇子不僅僅被用來(lái)給人降溫。39.Youcanmake/cooksomeChinesedishes40.如果你需要送禮物給小朋友，玩具熊貓是一個(gè)不錯(cuò)的選擇。【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。作者認(rèn)為，去別人家做客時(shí)，送手工制品作為禮物可以讓主人印象深刻。作者對(duì)此提出了幾點(diǎn)建議?！?6題詳解】考查固定句式和短語(yǔ)。whynot意為“為什么不”，為固定句式。bringsthwithsb意為“將某物帶在身上”。something意為“某物”，handmade意為“手工的；手制的”，作后置定語(yǔ)修飾something。故翻譯為：為什么不帶上一些手工制作的東西（禮物）呢？【37題詳解】考查從句和短語(yǔ)。表示“目的是”應(yīng)用sothat或inorderthat引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句。表示“他們”應(yīng)用代詞they作主語(yǔ)，表示“更多地了解”應(yīng)用短語(yǔ)knowmoreabout，表示“中國(guó)”應(yīng)用名詞China。故翻譯為：sothattheycanknowmoreaboutChina/inorderthattheycanknowmoreaboutChina【38題詳解】考查固定搭配和時(shí)態(tài)。inthepast意為“在過(guò)去”，主語(yǔ)fans意為“扇子”，beusedtodo意為“被用來(lái)做某事”，notjust意為“不僅僅”，cooloneself意為“降溫”。故翻譯為：在過(guò)去，扇子不僅僅被用來(lái)給人降溫?！?9題詳解】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和短語(yǔ)。表示“你”應(yīng)用代詞you作主語(yǔ)。表示“可以”應(yīng)用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can。表示“做一些中國(guó)菜”應(yīng)用固定搭配make/cooksomeChinesedishes。故翻譯為：Youcanmake/cooksomeChinesedishes【40題詳解】考查條件狀語(yǔ)從句和祈使句。if意為“如果”，引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句。needtodo意為“需要做某事”。bringapresentto意為“送禮物給”，children意為“孩子們，小朋友”。toypandas意為“玩具熊貓”。agoodchoice意為“一個(gè)不錯(cuò)的選擇”。故翻譯為：如果你需要送禮物給小朋友，玩具熊貓是一個(gè)不錯(cuò)的選擇。第二節(jié)情景作文(共1小題，滿分20分)41.假定你是高中生李華，你們學(xué)校的校報(bào)英文版正向全校同學(xué)征稿。此次征稿內(nèi)容：介紹一位中國(guó)歷史人物。請(qǐng)你根據(jù)以下內(nèi)容提示，給校報(bào)投稿。Name:SimaQianBorn:intheHanDynastyPosition:HistorianLife●·wasi