天津市部分區(qū)高三英語下學(xué)期質(zhì)量調(diào)查試題（一）（含解析）

天津市部分區(qū)2019年高三質(zhì)量調(diào)查試卷（一）英語試卷溫馨提示：使用答題卡的區(qū)，學(xué)生作答時請將答案寫在答題卡上；不使用答題卡的區(qū)，學(xué)生作答時請將答案寫在試卷上。本試卷分為第Ⅰ卷（選擇題）和第Ⅱ卷（非選擇題）兩部分，共130分，考試用時100分鐘。答卷前，考試務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考號填寫在答題卡上，并在規(guī)定位置粘貼考試用條形碼。答卷時，考試務(wù)必將答案涂寫在答題卡上，答在試卷上的無效?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。祝各位考生考試順利！第Ⅰ卷（95分）注意事項(xiàng)：1.每小題選出答案后，用鉛筆將答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號。2.本卷共55小題，共95分。第一部分：英語知識運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)：單項(xiàng)填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）從A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。例：Standoverthere_________you’llbeabletoseeitbetter.A.orB.andC.butD.while答案是B。1.—Hi,Tom!IgotachancetobeanexchangestudentinHarvardUniversity.—_________!Ihadbeenexpectingtostudythere.A.Luckyyou B.HavefunC.Takeiteasy D.Forgetit【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查交際用語。句意：——Hi，Tom！我得到了一個去哈佛大學(xué)做交換生的機(jī)會?！闾疫\(yùn)了！我一直盼望去那里學(xué)習(xí)。A.Luckyyou你太幸運(yùn)了！B.Havefun玩得開心；C.Takeiteasy別擔(dān)心；D.Forgetit算了吧！沒關(guān)系。根據(jù)后文可知，后者認(rèn)為前者非常幸運(yùn)有這樣的機(jī)會。故A項(xiàng)正確。2.Helikedthelovelydogsomuchthathe________hisbookandplayedwithitimmediately.A.gaveoff B.setasideC.tookover D.turneddown【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：他如此喜歡這只可愛的小狗，以至于他立刻把書放在一邊和小狗一起玩耍了。A.giveoff散發(fā)；發(fā)出；B.setaside放在一邊；C.takeover接管；D.turndown調(diào)低；拒絕。根據(jù)語境可知，應(yīng)該使用setaside表示他把書放在一邊，與小狗玩耍了。故B項(xiàng)正確。3.I’msorryyouhavebeenwaitingsolong,butitwillstillbesometime________youcangetyourpassport.A.since B.tillC.after D.before【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查連詞。句意：真是對不起讓你等了這么久，可還要一段時間以后你才能夠拿到你的護(hù)照。A.since自從；既然；B.till直到……才；C.after在……之后；D.before在……之前。固定句型“Itbe+一段時間+before從句”表示“一段時間以后某事才發(fā)生”。本句考查的正是這個句型。故D項(xiàng)正確。4.Asateacher,youhaveto_____yourmethodtosuittheneedsofslowerchildren.A.display B.testC.adjust D.transfer【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：作為一名教師，你不得不調(diào)整你的方法來適應(yīng)那些接受知識速度較慢的兒童的需要。A.display展示；顯示；B.test測試；檢測；C.adjust調(diào)整；D.transfer轉(zhuǎn)移；遷移。根據(jù)后文suittheneedsofslowerchildren可推知，應(yīng)該是調(diào)整方法來適應(yīng)，故C項(xiàng)正確。5.In2012,SunYangbecamethefirstChineseman_____anOlympicgoldmedalinswimming.A.winning B.towinC.havingwon D.beingwon【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查不定式作定語。句意：在2012年，孫楊成為第一個獲得奧運(yùn)會游泳比賽金牌的中國男運(yùn)動員。當(dāng)名詞前面有序數(shù)詞修飾或被修飾的詞就是序數(shù)詞的時候，通常要用不定式作定語。如thefirsttocomeandthelasttoleave，本句中Chineseman前面有序數(shù)詞thefirst修飾，所以后面要用不定式作定語。故B項(xiàng)正確。6.It’s_______forpeopletoblametrafficjams,thecostofgasandthegreatspeedofmodernlife.A.reasonable B.availableC.accurate D.cautious【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：人們責(zé)備交通堵塞、汽油成本和現(xiàn)代生活的快節(jié)奏是合理的。A.reasonable合理的；符合情理的；B.available可獲得的；C.accurate準(zhǔn)確的；精確的；D.cautious謹(jǐn)慎的。根據(jù)語境可知，A項(xiàng)正確。7.Inthepastfewyears,we’veseenworksbyChinesesci-fiwriterswinninginternational______.A.conclusion B.standardC.potential D.recognition【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在過去幾年里，我們已經(jīng)見證了中國科幻作家的作品已經(jīng)贏得了國際認(rèn)可。A.conclusion結(jié)論；B.standard標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；C.potential潛力，潛能；D.recognition認(rèn)可，承認(rèn)。根據(jù)語境，故D項(xiàng)正確。8.______isimportantinstudyisdiligenceratherthanintelligence.A.Which B.WhatC.Who D.When【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查主語從句連詞。句意：學(xué)習(xí)中重要的是勤奮而不是智力。本句中what指代事物引導(dǎo)主語從句，并在句中充當(dāng)主語。選項(xiàng)中when屬于連接副詞，不能在句中作主語；連接代詞who指人；which通常指特定范圍之內(nèi)的人或物，而本句并沒有范圍限制。故B項(xiàng)正確?！军c(diǎn)睛】本題考查了what引導(dǎo)主語從句的用法。what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句是名詞性從句中較難理解和掌握的一類，其用法復(fù)雜，翻譯靈活，往往是同學(xué)們學(xué)習(xí)的難點(diǎn)。從句法上講，這類從句往往可以轉(zhuǎn)換成“名詞+定語從句”的形式，在翻譯時通常可表達(dá)為“……的人或東西”、“……的數(shù)目或數(shù)量”、“……的時間或地方”等。一、表示“……的東西”，相當(dāng)于“thething(things)that…….”。如:1.Whatisknowntousallisthatthe2008OlympicGameswilltakeplaceinBeijing.對我們來說總所周知的一件事情就是2008年奧運(yùn)會將在中國北京舉行。2.PeopleinChongqingareproudofwhattheyhaveachievedinthepasttenyears.重慶人對他們在過去十年來所取得的成就而感到自豪。3.Oneofthemostimportantquestionstheyhadtoconsiderwaswhatofpublichealth.他們必須考慮其中最重要的問題是公共衛(wèi)生。二、表示“……的人”，相當(dāng)于“thepersonthat..."如:1.Whatwasmostimportanttoher,shetoldme,washerfamily.她告訴我，對她最重要的人是她的家人。2.Heisnotwhathewasafewyearsago.他不是幾年前的那個樣子了。3.WhoisitthathasmadeFredwhatheisnow?是誰把弗雷德培養(yǎng)成現(xiàn)在這個樣子的?三、表示“……的數(shù)量或數(shù)目”，相當(dāng)于‘`theamount(number)that..."。如:1.Ourincomeisnowdoublewhatitwastenyearsago.我們現(xiàn)在的收人是10年前的兩倍。2.Thenumberofthestudentsinourschoolistentimeswhatitwasbeforeliberation.現(xiàn)在我校學(xué)生的數(shù)量是解放前的10倍。四、表示“……的時間”，相當(dāng)于“thetimethat...'。如:1.Afterwhatseemedaverylongtime，Iopenedmyeyesandfoundmyselfinbed.似乎過了很長一段時間，我才睜開眼睛，發(fā)現(xiàn)自己躺在床上。2.Theyounggirlwastoofrightenedtospeak，standingthereforwhatseemedlikehours.小女孩嚇得不敢說活，在那兒似乎站了幾個小時。五、表示“……的地方”，相當(dāng)于“theplacethat..."。如:1.ThisiswhattheycallSaltLakeCity.這就是他們稱為鹽湖城的地方。2.In1492,ColumbusreachedwhatisnowcalledAmerica.1492年，哥倫布到達(dá)了現(xiàn)在所稱的美洲大陸。注①有時what可用作限定詞，其后修飾一個名詞。如:Youmaybringwhatphotosyoulike.你可以把你喜歡的照片都帶來。Hespentwhatlittlemoneyhehadonbooks.他把僅有的一點(diǎn)錢都花在買書上了。②以下各例中的what表示“什么”，由它引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句與以上各從句有所不同:Tellmewhathedoes.告訴我他是干什么的。Wedon'tknowwhathisnameis.我們不知道他叫什么名字。IaskedhimwhatclothesIshouldwear.我問他我該穿什么衣服。9.ThefamousbookFrankenstein,________byBritishnovelistMaryShelley,isthefirstworkofsciencefiction.A.writing B.havingwrittenC.written D.waswritten【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查過去分詞。句意：由英國小說家MaryShelley所著的著名小說Frankenstein是第一部科幻小說。句中thefamousbookFrankenstein與動詞write構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，要用過去分詞短語writtenbyBritishnovelistMaryShelley做定語，相當(dāng)于定語從句whichwaswrittenbyBritishnovelistMaryShelley。故C項(xiàng)正確。10.ItwaswhenshefirstarrivedinChina_____shedevelopedapassionforpaper-cutting.A.where B.thatC.how D.why【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。句意：就是在她第一次來到中國的時候，她喜歡上了剪紙藝術(shù)。本句是一個強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，強(qiáng)調(diào)時間狀語從句whenshefirstarrivedinChina。強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是：Itis/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)成分+that/who+其他成分；如果被強(qiáng)調(diào)成分是人，可以用that/who；如果被強(qiáng)調(diào)成分不是人，使用that；本句強(qiáng)調(diào)時間狀語從句，所以要用that引導(dǎo)。故B項(xiàng)正確。11.Oncehemakesuphismindtodosomething,seldom______giveitup.A.hewill B.doesheC.wouldhe D.willhe【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查部分倒裝及時態(tài)。句意：一旦他下定決心做某件事情，就很少會放棄。當(dāng)否定詞或半否定詞放在句首的時候，要把助動詞/系動詞/情態(tài)動詞提前構(gòu)成部分倒裝。本句中半否定詞seldom放在句首，要把情態(tài)動詞will提前構(gòu)成部分倒裝，同時本題中once引導(dǎo)的是條件狀語從句，用一般現(xiàn)在時代替將來時，主句要使用將來時。BC兩項(xiàng)中的時態(tài)錯誤，故D項(xiàng)正確。12.Asisexpected,AIisanarea_______Chinamayappearasaleadingforce.A.that B.whereC.which D.when【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：正如所預(yù)料的那樣，人工智能是一個中國可能成為領(lǐng)先者的領(lǐng)域。本題定語從句的先行詞是anarea，定語從句Chinamayappearasaleadingforce的結(jié)構(gòu)很完整，應(yīng)該使用關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)，排除AC項(xiàng)；關(guān)系副詞when指代的先行詞通常指時間，本句中anarea指“領(lǐng)域”，表示抽象含義，所以使用關(guān)系副詞where表示“在…領(lǐng)域”的抽象含義。故B項(xiàng)正確。13.Thereisnodoubtthatclimateallovertheworld______greatlyinrecentyears.A.hadchanged B.ischangingC.changed D.hasbeenchanging【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查時態(tài)。句意：毫無疑問，最近幾年全球氣候一直在劇烈變化。本句的時間狀語inrecentyears通常與現(xiàn)在完成時連用，表示一段時間以來一直發(fā)生的事情，ABC三項(xiàng)都不是現(xiàn)在完成時?，F(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時強(qiáng)調(diào)從過去開始發(fā)生的事情一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，與語境相符，故選D項(xiàng)。14.—Startingaconversationisagoodwaytokilltimeonthetrain.—_______.Ialsoliketotalkwithstrangers.A.Thatistrue B.ItsoundslikefunC.Idon’tthinkso D.Youarekidding【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查情景交際。句意：——在火車上與別人談話是一個消磨時間的好方法。——說得對。我也喜歡和陌生人交談。A.Thatistrue說得對；B.Itsoundslikefun聽起來很有趣；C.Idon’tthinkso我不這么認(rèn)為；D.Youarekidding開玩笑。根據(jù)后一句Ialsoliketotalkwithstrangers.可知，兩者意見一致，所以A項(xiàng)符合語境。故選A項(xiàng)。15.Iftheweatherhadbeenbetter,we______apicnicyesterday.A.musthavehad B.wouldhaveC.couldhavehad D.willhave【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查虛擬語氣。句意：如果昨天的天氣再好一點(diǎn)，我們本可以去野餐的。根據(jù)yesterday可知，本句表示與過去事實(shí)相反，主句部分要使用“情態(tài)動詞+havedone”表示對過去情況的虛擬，排除BD項(xiàng)，A項(xiàng)“musthavedone”通常表示對過去發(fā)生事情有把握的肯定推測，不符語境。故C項(xiàng)正確。第二節(jié)：完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從16-35各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Steve,a12-year-oldboy,hasbeenfailingsincefirstgrade.Hegenerallywent___16___...untilhejoinedMissWhite’sclass.“Youalldidprettywell,”shetoldthe___17___asshewentoverthetestresults,“___18___oneboy,anditbreaksmyhearttotellyouthis,but...”Shehesitated,lookingatSteve.“The___19___boyintheseventhgradeisfailingmyclass.”Steve___20___hiseyesandcarefullyexaminedhisfingertips.Afterthat,Steverefusedtodohis___21___.Misswhitewasvery___22___andtriedtoencouragehimtostudy.“Giveyourselfa(n)___23___!Don’tgiveuponyourlife!”MissWhitetoldhim,yetitdidn’t___24___.Thenoneday,shesaid,“Steve!Please!Icareaboutyou!”____25____,Stevegotit.Someonecaredabouthim.Hespentthewholeafternoonthinkingaboutwhatheshoulddo.Arrivingathishouseafterschool,feelingdetermined,heheadedtohisbedroomto____26____.Mondaymorning,MissWhitegavea____27____ontheweekendhomework.Steve____28____throughthetest,andwasthefirsttohandinhispaper.MissWhitelookeditoverintotal____29____.Thesmartestboyintheseventhgradehadjust____30____hisfirsttest.Fromthatmoment,nothingwasthesameforSteve.Hediscoveredthatnotonlycouldhelearn,buthewas____31____it.Afterhighschool,StevejoinedtheNave.Duringhisnavalcareer,he____32____manyyoungpeoplewhomightnothavebelievedinthemselvestobuildupconfidence.MissWhitesavedoneboywho____33____changingmanylives.Yousee,it’ssimple,really.A(n)____34____cantakeplacewithintheheartofoneboy,allbecauseofoneteacher,who____35____.16.A.unchallenged B.unaccompanied C.unnoticed D.unpunished17.A.class B.staff C.colleagues D.parents18.A.besides B.except C.insteadof D.regardlessof19.A.laziest B.richest C.happiest D.smartest20.A.opened B.closed C.raised D.dropped21.A.research B.homework C.housework D.report22.A.impressed B.surprised C.anxious D.embarrassed23.A.chance B.excuse C.praise D.reward24.A.stop B.work C.matter D.happen25.A.Luckily B.Gradually C.Naturally D.Suddenly26.A.study B.sleep C.cry D.play27.A.question B.lesson C.quiz D.result28.A.hurried B.lived C.broke D.saw29.A.victory B.shock C.sadness D.anger30.A.attended B.designed C.passed D.failed31.A.readyfor B.responsiblefor C.tiredof D.goodat32.A.forced B.discouraged C.met D.inspired33.A.putup B.gaveup C.endedup D.tookup34.A.problem B.change C.recovery D.improvement35.A.cares B.believes C.understands D.remembers【答案】16.C17.A18.B19.D20.D21.B22.C23.A24.B25.D26.A27.C28.A29.B30.C31.D32.D33.C34.B35.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。懷特小姐對她的其中一位學(xué)生Steve的關(guān)心讓他發(fā)生了巨大的改變，讓他從一個考試不及格的學(xué)生變成了一個擅長學(xué)習(xí)并且后來鼓勵他人對自己有信心的人。【16題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。A.unchallenged無挑戰(zhàn)的；B.unaccompanied無伴侶的；C.unnoticed不被注意的，被忽視的；D.unpunished未被懲罰的。12歲的男孩Steve自一年級以來考試一直不及格。直到他進(jìn)入懷特小姐的班級，他一直都被人忽視。Steve表現(xiàn)一直不好，所以被人忽視。故C項(xiàng)正確。【17題詳解】考查名詞辨析。A.class班級；全班學(xué)生；B.staff職員；C.colleagues同事；D.parents父母。本句是懷特小姐在考試結(jié)束以后對全班學(xué)生所說的話“除了一個男孩之外，你們所有人都表現(xiàn)很好”。故A項(xiàng)正確?！?8題詳解】考查介詞及介詞短語辨析。A.besides除……之外（包括在內(nèi)）；B.except除……之外（不包括在內(nèi)）；C.insteadof代替，而不是；D.regardlessof不管。懷特小姐在考試結(jié)束以后對全班學(xué)生說“除了一個男孩之外，你們所有人都表現(xiàn)很好”。Steve表現(xiàn)不好，并沒有被包括在內(nèi)，應(yīng)該使用except，故B項(xiàng)正確?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞辨析及上下文串聯(lián)。A.laziest最懶惰的；B.richest最富有的；C.happiest最幸福的；D.smartest最聰明的。根據(jù)15空所在句“Thesmartestboyintheseventhgradehadjust___15___hisfirsttest.”可知，懷特小姐認(rèn)為Steve是最聰明的男孩。故D項(xiàng)正確?！?0題詳解】考查動詞辨析。A.opened打開；B.closed關(guān)閉；C.raised提高；撫育；D.dropped下降；掉下。聽到老師說的話，Steve低下了頭。D項(xiàng)符合語境。故D項(xiàng)正確?！?1題詳解】考查名詞辨析及常識。A.research研究；B.homework家庭作業(yè)；C.housework家務(wù)；D.report報(bào)告。自那以后，Steve拒絕做家庭作業(yè)。根據(jù)常識可知，7年級的孩子通常不會搞研究、寫報(bào)告；學(xué)生被老師批評以后，不寫作業(yè)是正常反應(yīng)。故B項(xiàng)正確?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞辨析及常識。A.impressed印象深刻的；B.surprised驚訝的；C.anxious焦慮的；D.embarrassed尷尬的。當(dāng)學(xué)生不做作業(yè)的時候，老師通常都很焦慮著急。故C項(xiàng)正確?！?3題詳解】考查名詞辨析。A.chance機(jī)會，可能性；B.excuse借口；C.praise表揚(yáng)；D.reward獎勵。本句是懷特小姐鼓勵Steve所說的話“給你自己一個機(jī)會，不要放棄生活”，故A項(xiàng)正確?！?4題詳解】考查動詞辨析。A.stop停止；B.work工作；起作用；C.matter重要，有關(guān)系；D.happen發(fā)生；碰巧。懷特小姐鼓勵Steve，但她的鼓勵并不起作用，沒有效果。故B項(xiàng)正確?！?5題詳解】考查副詞辨析。A.Luckily幸運(yùn)地是；B.Gradually逐漸地；C.Naturally自然地；D.Suddenly突然。有一天，懷特小姐對Steve說“我很關(guān)心你！”突然，Steve知道有人在關(guān)心著他。根據(jù)下文可知，老師的關(guān)心讓他做出了改變。故D項(xiàng)正確?！?6題詳解】考查動詞辨析及上下文串聯(lián)。A.study學(xué)習(xí)；研究；B.sleep睡覺；C.cry哭泣；D.play玩耍。根據(jù)下一段可知，他第一次通過考試，說明他開始認(rèn)真學(xué)習(xí)了。本句指他回家以后就去臥室里學(xué)習(xí)了。故A項(xiàng)正確?！?7題詳解】考查名詞辨析及上下文串聯(lián)。A.question問題；B.lesson課程，教訓(xùn)；C.quiz測試；D.result結(jié)果。根據(jù)下一段“…h(huán)isfirsttest”可知，老師對學(xué)生進(jìn)行了測試。故C項(xiàng)正確?！?8題詳解】考查動詞辨析及上下文串聯(lián)。A.hurried匆忙，趕緊；B.lived生活，居??；C.broke折斷，打破；D.saw看見。根據(jù)后句中“wasthefirstto…”可知，他是第一個交卷的學(xué)生，說明他做題的速度很快。故A項(xiàng)正確?！?9題詳解】考查名詞辨析及上下文串聯(lián)。A.victory勝利；B.shock震驚；驚訝；C.sadness悲傷；難過；D.anger憤怒。根據(jù)第一句“Steve,a12-year-oldboy,hasbeenfailingsincefirstgrade.”可知，Steve一直考試不及格，這次他居然通過了考試，而他之前一直考試不及格。這讓懷特小姐很驚訝。故B項(xiàng)正確?！?0題詳解】考查動詞辨析。A.attended參加；B.designed設(shè)計(jì)；C.passed通過；D.failed失敗。Steve不僅參加了考試，第一個交卷，而且還通過了考試，所以才會讓老師很驚訝。故C項(xiàng)正確?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞短語辨析。A.readyfor為……做好準(zhǔn)備；B.responsiblefor對……負(fù)責(zé)；C.tiredof厭倦……；D.goodat擅長……；從那一刻開始，一切都變了。Steve發(fā)現(xiàn)自己不僅能夠?qū)W習(xí)而且還擅長學(xué)習(xí)。上下文是遞進(jìn)關(guān)系，goodat表示他擅長學(xué)習(xí)。故D項(xiàng)正確?！?2題詳解】考查動詞辨析。A.forced強(qiáng)迫；B.discouraged使……泄氣；阻止；C.met遇見；D.inspired鼓舞；激勵。后來Steve參加了海軍，他鼓勵了很多不相信自己的人建立了自信。D項(xiàng)正確?！?3題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。A.putup張貼；搭建；留宿；B.gaveup放棄；C.endedup以……結(jié)束，最終；D.tookup占據(jù)；從事于；開始做。懷特小姐挽救了一個男孩，后來這個男孩最終改變了很多人的生活。動詞短語endupdoing與橫線后的changingmanylives一致。故C項(xiàng)正確?！?4題詳解】考查名詞辨析。A.problem問題；B.change改變；C.recovery恢復(fù)，康復(fù)；D.improvement提高；改善。老師關(guān)心學(xué)生，學(xué)生的心理發(fā)生了改變。這一切就是如此簡單。故B項(xiàng)正確?！?5題詳解】考查動詞辨析及上下文串聯(lián)。A.cares關(guān)心；B.believes相信；C.understands理解；D.remembers記得。根據(jù)第9空后“Steve!Please!Icareaboutyou!”可知，正是因?yàn)槔蠋煹年P(guān)心，Steve才有了很大的變化。故A項(xiàng)正確。【點(diǎn)睛】本文小題4考查了上下文串聯(lián)。根據(jù)15空“Thesmartestboyintheseventhgradehadjust___15___hisfirsttest.”可知，懷特小姐認(rèn)為Steve是最聰明的男孩。所以選擇D項(xiàng)smartest。通常來說每篇完形填空都圍繞一個主題展開，其結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，上下文互為映襯，前后照應(yīng)，所以解題時考生不要只局限在句子層面上，而要從段落或整篇文章入手，整體把握文章的內(nèi)容，結(jié)合上下文，尋找答案的線索。例：Intheclinic,IaskedifMichaelcouldberetested,sothespecialisttestedhimagain.Tomy__36__,itwasthesamescore.Laterthatevening,I__37__toldFrankwhatIhadlearnedthatday.Aftertalkingitover,weagreedthatweknewour__38__muchbetterthananIQ(智商)test....Aftertheceremony,wetoldMichaelaboutthe__47__IQscorehegotwhenhewassix.Sincethatday,Michaelsometimeswouldlookatusandsayjokingly,“MydearmomanddadnevertoldmethatIcouldn’tbeadoctor,notuntilafterIgraduatedfrommedicalschool!”...Wewenttothesameclinicwherehehadreceivethetesteighteenyearsbefore.ThistimeMichaelscored126,anincreaseof36points.（重慶卷）36.A.joyB.surpriseC.dislikeD.disappointment37.A.tearfullyB.fearfullyC.cheerfullyD.hopefully38.A.studentB.sonC.friendD.doctor47.A.highB.sameC.lowD.different析：重慶卷的這篇完形填空以第一人稱講述了如何對待孩子的成長問題。開頭就提到Michael的智商測試，隨之設(shè)置的幾個題目都和此有關(guān)，可是在本段沒有線索。但讀到文章最后，“ThistimeMichaelscored126,anincreaseof36points.”，我們茅塞頓開，原來Michael是“我們”的兒子（38.B），六歲時接受了一次智商測試，分?jǐn)?shù)很低（47.C），“我”很失望（36.D），所以“我”眼含淚水告訴丈夫Frank測試結(jié)果（37.A）。第二部分：閱讀理解（共20小題；每小題2.5分，滿分50分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AWhenyou’rechoosingacollege,alotoffactorsprobablymaybeconsidered:theschool’sreputation,theclassesoffered,andtheprofessorsinyourmajor,tonameafew.However,consideringtheincreasingcompetitivenessofuniversitiestoattractmoreandmoreapplicants,manyschoolsnowofferextrabenefitstobeenjoyedbyalloftheirstudents.Herearesomeofthecoolest:UniversityofMissouriWhenyouthinkofacampusgym,youprobablypicturearoomequippedwitholdweightsandout-of-datemachines.However,attheUniversityofMissouri,youcanenjoyoneofthebestcampusfitnesscentersinthecountry.Itfeaturesan“indoorbeach”completewithawaterfallandalazyriver,aswellasafull-servicespa.Evenifyoudon’tnormallyenjoyworkingout,Missouri’sfitnesscenterwillgiveyouareasontogotothegym.HighPointUniversityIfyouseeyourselfquicklytiredofdininghallfood—somethingthathappenstoalmostallofus—HighPointUniversityinNorthCarolinahasagreatoptionforyou:aprivatesteakhouseforstudents.It’safirst-classrestaurant,and,bestofall,youdon’thavetopayforthemealoutofyourownpocket.Youcanuseyourdiningdollarsinstead.SetonHallUniversityIfyou’restressingoutabouttheextracostoftechnologywhenyoustartcollege,SetonHallhasgreatnewsforyou:allfreshmenaregivenfreelaptopsthroughtheuniversity’sMobileComputingProgram.Asafreshman,you’llreceivealaptopalreadysetupwithallofthesoftwarethatyou’llneedasastudent.Then,aftertwoyears,you’llreceiveanewandupdatedlaptopdesignedtocarrytothroughuntilafteryougraduate.NewYorkUniversityIfyou’reafanofmuseums,NYU(NewYorkUniversity)istheperfectuniversityforyou:notonlyareyoulocatedintheheartofacityfeaturingsomeofthebestmuseumsintheworld,buttheuniversitywillevenprovideyouwithfreeadmissiontomanyofthem.Youcantakeadvantageofvisitingfreemuseumsatanytimeyouwant—andyou’llneverbeboredontheweekends.36.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph1?A.Itishardtobeadmittedtoauniversity.B.Auniversity’sfameisthetopconsideration.C.Thecompetitiontoattractapplicantsisfierce.D.Extrabenefitsmakesnodifferencetoapplicants.37.WhatcanwelearnaboutthefitnesscenterintheUniversityofMissouri?A.Itsequipmentisoutofdate.B.Itisthebestoneintheworld.C.Ithasarealbeachthere.D.Itcanarousestudents’interestinworkout.38.Whichuniversityoffersextrabenefitoffood?A.UniversityofMissouri. B.HighPointUniversity.C.SetonHallUniversity. D.NewYorkUniversity.39.WhatcanbeguaranteedforstudentschoosingSetonHallUniversity?A.Freetuition. B.Freeaccommodation.C.Freecomputers D.Highgraduationrate.40.WhichofthefollowingistrueofNewYorkUniversity?A.Itislocatedinthecenterofthecity.B.Ithousesthebestmuseumsintheworld.C.Allthemuseumsareopentoitsstudentsforfree.D.Museumsareusuallyclosedontheweekends.【答案】36.C37.D38.B39.C40.A【解析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。為了吸引更多的申請者，很多大學(xué)給學(xué)生提供了一些額外的好處來增強(qiáng)競爭力。文章詳細(xì)介紹了UniversityofMissouri、HighPointUniversity、SetonHallUniversity和NewYorkUniversity這四所大學(xué)給學(xué)生提供的有吸引力的福利。【36題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第二句However,consideringtheincreasingcompetitivenessofuniversitiestoattractmoreandmoreapplicants,manyschoolsnowofferextrabenefitstobeenjoyedbyalloftheirstudents.可知，各大學(xué)為了吸引更多的申請者，給學(xué)生提供了一些額外的好處來增強(qiáng)競爭力。由此可以推論：大學(xué)之間吸引申請者的競爭很激烈。故C項(xiàng)正確。【37題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句Evenifyoudon’tnormallyenjoyworkingout,Missouri’sfitnesscenterwillgiveyouareasontogotothegym.可知，在密蘇里大學(xué)，即使你不喜歡鍛煉，這所大學(xué)的健身中心也有理由讓你去鍛煉。由此可知密蘇里大學(xué)的健身中心能夠激發(fā)學(xué)生鍛煉的興趣。故D項(xiàng)正確?！?8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)HighPointUniversity最后兩句“It’safirst-classrestaurant,and,bestofall,youdon’thavetopayforthemealoutofyourownpocket.Youcanuseyourdiningdollarsinstead.”可知，HighPointUniversity會給學(xué)生提供第一流的餐廳，學(xué)生還可以用只能在校園里使用的diningdollars來支付用餐費(fèi)用。這些屬于學(xué)校提供的額外的吸引學(xué)生的地方。故B項(xiàng)正確?！?9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)SetonHallUniversity第一句allfreshmenaregivenfreelaptopsthroughtheuniversity’sMobileComputingProgram.可知，SetonHallUniversity大學(xué)的大一新生可以使用免費(fèi)的筆記本電腦。故C項(xiàng)正確?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)NewYorkUniversity第一句notonlyareyoulocatedintheheartofacityfeaturingsomeofthebestmuseumsintheworld,buttheuniversitywillevenprovideyouwithfreeadmissiontomanyofthem.可知，紐約大學(xué)位于紐約市中心，周圍有很多世界上最好的博物館，而且學(xué)?？梢宰寣W(xué)生免費(fèi)進(jìn)入這些博物館。由此可知紐約大學(xué)在紐約市中心，故A項(xiàng)正確。BStudentphotographerMadelineMoraleshashadexperiencesmost15year-oldshavenot.Attheageof15,shedevelopedcancerandhadtogothroughchemotherapy(化療).Buttodaywillbeauniquekindofexperience—somethingmostpeoplewillneverhave.“Itmakesmefeelexcited,alittlebitnervous,”saidMorales,whosephotoswereondisplayatagalleryshowinLosAngeles.Theseimagesreflectherjourneywhilebattlingcancer.Shetriedtolookatthingswithalotoflight,alotofwhatdrawshertopositivityandsomethingthatmeansloveorhappiness.“Ithinkphotographyhasreallyhelpedmealottostaypositiveandbemotivatedtokeepfightingthisdisease.”Moralesisoneof23studentssharingtheirexperienceswithcancerthroughphotosatthisgallery.TheyaregraduatesofthePABLOVEfoundation’sSHUTTERBUGSadvancedphotographyclass.Thefoundationaimstoimprovethelivesofchildrenlivingwiththediseasethroughitsphotographyprogram.Italsoprovidesmoneyforunderfundedcancerresearch.Incomesfromsalesoftheseprintswillgotowardcancerresearchprograms.ThePABLOVEprogramoffersclassesineightcitiesacrosstheUnitedStates.“Beingintheseclasseswithotherpeoplewhounderstandtheirexperiencehasbeenreallybeneficial,andithasreallymadethemfeelalotmorecomfortableinwhatthey’vebeenthrough,”saidAshleyBlakeney,programmanagerofPABLOVESHUTTERBUBS.Shesaidthephotographyclassesgivestudentslivingwithcancerasenseofcommunityatatimewhentheyoftenfeelisolatedintheirexperience.Withphotographymanyyoungstudentsgainanidentitythatisnotcontrolledbycancer.“There’smoretousthanjusthavingcancer.Wewantpeopletoseewhatweseeevenifit’sthroughthelens(鏡頭).”saysLuckmanwhowasdiagnosedwithcancerwhenhewas10yearsold.“Photographyhasgivenmeasmallchancetoactuallyassistintheworldabit.I’dlovetoexpressmystoryandallowittohopefullyreachotherkidssotheycanunderstandhowtodealwithithopefully.41.WhichofthefollowingistrueofMadelineMorals?A.Shehassufferedfromcancerfor15years.B.Shehashadafullrecoveryfromcancer.C.Shehasapositiveattitudetowardslife.D.Sheusesherphotostorecordhersuffering.42.ThePABLOVEFoundationwascreatedspeciallyfor________.A.homelesspeople B.photography-loversC.researcheroncancer D.childrenwithcancer43.WhatisthemainideaofParagraph4?A.Thepopularityoftheprogram.B.Thegreatsignificanceofthisprogram.C.ThecontributionsofAshley.D.Thefutureplanoftheprogram.44.Theunderlinedword“isolated”canbebestreplacedby________.A.lonely B.painfulC.grateful D.positive45.AccordingtoLukman,howcanphotographyclassbenefitchildrenwithcancer?A.Bygivingthemanidentitycard.B.Byofferingachancetohelpothers.C.Bygettingtheircancercured.D.Byofferingawaytomakemoney.【答案】41.C42.D43.B44.A45.B【解析】本文是一篇說明文。文章詳細(xì)介紹了thePABLOVEprogram給患有癌癥的兒童提供學(xué)習(xí)攝影的機(jī)會，以此讓他們保持對待生活的積極態(tài)度?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段Shetriedtolookatthingswithalotoflight,alotofwhatdrawshertopositivityandsomethingthatmeansloveorhappiness.“Ithinkphotographyhasreallyhelpedmealottostaypositiveandbemotivatedtokeepfightingthisdisease.可知，MadelineMorals參加了這個項(xiàng)目，她從積極的方面、從意味著愛和幸福的事物上看待一切事物。也就是說攝影幫助她保持積極的生活態(tài)度。故C項(xiàng)正確?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第三句Thefoundationaimstoimprovethelivesofchildrenlivingwiththediseasethroughitsphotographyprogram.可知，thePABLOVEfoundation這一項(xiàng)目的目的是通過這個項(xiàng)目來改善患有癌癥的兒童的生活。故D項(xiàng)正確。【43題詳解】段落大意題。根據(jù)第四段第二句“Beingintheseclasseswithotherpeoplewhounderstandtheirexperiencehasbeenreallybeneficial,andithasreallymadethemfeelalotmorecomfortableinwhatthey’vebeenthrough”可知，參加這個項(xiàng)目十分有益，讓參與者理解自己的經(jīng)歷，并讓他們在所經(jīng)歷的事情中感覺更舒適。由此可見本段主要講述的是這一項(xiàng)目的重要性和好處。故B項(xiàng)正確?！?4題詳解】猜測詞義題。根據(jù)第四段“Shesaidthephotographyclassesgivestudentslivingwithcancerasenseofcommunityatatimewhentheyoftenfeelisolatedintheirexperience.”可知，攝影可以讓患癌癥的孩子在孤獨(dú)的時候有一種團(tuán)隊(duì)感。句中“isolated”與“asenseofcommunity團(tuán)隊(duì)感”表示相反的意思，可知該詞意為“孤獨(dú)的”，故A項(xiàng)正確?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后兩句“Photographyhasgivenmeasmallchancetoactuallyassistintheworldabit.I’dlovetoexpressmystoryandallowittohopefullyreachotherkidssotheycanunderstandhowtodealwithithopefully.”可知，Lukman認(rèn)為攝影給了他幫助這個世界的機(jī)會。故B項(xiàng)正確。COverthepastfiveyears,researchersinartificialintelligencehavebecometherockstarsofthetechnologyworld.AbranchofAIknownasdeeplearning,hasprovensousefulthatskilledoperatorscancommandsix-figuresalariestobuildsoftwareforAmazon,Apple,FacebookandGoogle.Thetopnamescanearnover$1millionayear.ThetraditionalwaytogetthesejobshasbeenaDoctor’sdegreeincomputersciencefromoneofAmerica’stopuniversities.Earningonetakesyearsandrequiresapersonwhocanbedevotedtostudy,whichisrareamongnormalpeople.Moreover,graduatestudentsareregularlyattractedawayfromtheirstudiesbyvarioushigh-paidjobs.Thatischanging.LastmonthFast.ai,aneducationnon-profitbasedinSanFrancisco,kickedoffthethirdyearofitscourseindeeplearning.Sinceitsbeginningithasattractedmorethan100,000studentsfromIndiatoNigeria.Thecoursecomeswithasimpleidea:thereisnoneedtospendyearsobtainingaDoctor’sdegreeinordertopractisedeeplearning.Fast.ai’scoursecanbecompletedinjustsevenweeks.Forexample,agraduatefromFast.ai’sfirstyear,SaraHooker,washiredintoGoogle’shighlycompetitiveAIresidencyprogrammeafterfinishingthecourse,havingneverworkedondeeplearningbefore.SheisnowafoundingmemberofGoogle’snewAIresearchofficeinAccra,Ghana,thefirm’sfirstinAfrica.TomakeitaccessibletoanyonewhowantstolearnhowtobuildAIsoftware,JeremyHoward,whofoundedFast.aiwithRachelThomas,amathematician,saysmiddleschoolmathematicsisenough.Fast.aiisnottheonlyA.I.programme.AI4ALL,anothernon-profitorganization,foundedbyleadingtechnologistsincludingDr.Fei-FeiLi,workstobringAIeducationtoschoolchildrenthatwouldotherwisenothaveaccesstoit.Howard’sambitionsrundeeperthanjustdealingwiththeshortageintheAIlabourmarket.Hisaimistospreaddeeplearningintomanyhands,sothatitmaybeappliedinasmanyfieldsaspossible.Theambition,saysMrHoward,isforAItrainingsoftwaretobecomeaseasytouseandcommonassendinganemailonasmartphone.46.What’sParagraph2mainlyabout?A.ThewaytogetaDoctor’sdegree.B.ThedifficultiestogetaDoctor’sdegree.C.TheimportancetogetaDoctor’sdegree.D.ThenecessitytogetaDoctor’sdegree.47.WhatcanwelearnaboutFast.ai?A.ItaimstoproduceAIgraduatesinafastway.B.Itaimstocollectmoneyforpoorstudents.C.Itchargesahighfreeforofferingcourses.D.ItbecomespopularonlyinIndiaandNigeria.48.WheredoesSaraHookerworkaccordingtothepassage?A.India. B.Nigeria.C.Ghana. D.America.49.WhatdoFast.aiandAI4ALLhaveincommon?A.Theyarebothmeantforchildren.B.Theyrequireadvancedmath.C.Theyhavethesamefounder.D.Theyarebothnon-profit.50.What’sHoward’sattitudetoAItrainingsoftwareinthefuture?A.Anxious. B.Disappointed.C.Optimistic. D.Surprised.【答案】46.B47.A48.C49.D50.C【解析】本文是一篇說明文。近年來，人工智能發(fā)展迅速，但是人工智能方面的人才匱乏。數(shù)學(xué)家RachelThomas發(fā)明的應(yīng)用程序用非傳統(tǒng)的方法來迅速培養(yǎng)人工智能類人才，文章對此內(nèi)容做了具體說明?！?6題詳解】段落大意題。根據(jù)本段后兩句“Earningonetakesyearsandrequiresapersonwhocanbedevotedtostudy,whichisrareamongnormalpeople.Moreover,graduatestudentsareregularlyattractedawayfromtheirstudiesbyvarioushigh-paidjobs.”可知，獲得此類博士學(xué)位需要多年的努力學(xué)習(xí)，很多普通人難以做到。由此可見本段主要講述獲得博士學(xué)位的困難。故B項(xiàng)正確?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“Thecoursecomeswithasimpleidea:thereisnoneedtospendyearsobtainingaDoctor’sdegreeinordertopractisedeeplearning.Fast.ai’scoursecanbecompletedinjustsevenweeks.”可知，課程并不需要多年學(xué)習(xí)來獲得人工智能的博士學(xué)位，它的課程在7個星期內(nèi)完成。由此可見這一課程的目的在于迅速培養(yǎng)AI類畢業(yè)生。故A項(xiàng)正確?！?8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句“SheisnowafoundingmemberofGoogle’snewAIresearchofficeinAccra,Ghana,thefirm’sfirstinAfrica.”可知，SaraHooker現(xiàn)在是Google公司在非洲的第一家人工智能研究中心的創(chuàng)始成員。由此可知SaraHooker現(xiàn)在加納工作。故C項(xiàng)正確?！?9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句“That