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年上海東華大學(xué)考研英語練習(xí)題100道(附答案解析)

第1題【單選題】Thatconsciousnessisbeingtransformedinto________.A、actionB、actC、deedD、activity【正確答案】A【答案解析】句意:那種覺悟正被轉(zhuǎn)化成行動。action意為“行為,行動”,不作具體強(qiáng)調(diào);act意為“所做的事,行為”,指比較具體的行為;deed意為“行為,功績”,強(qiáng)調(diào)與語言相對應(yīng);activity意為“活動”,指具體化的行動。第2題【單選題】Atrulyextraordinaryvarietyofalternativestothechemicalcontrolofinsectsisavailable.A、除了對昆蟲的化學(xué)控制外,還有其他各種非常奇妙的方法可以利用。B、除了用化學(xué)方法控制昆蟲以外,還有其他各種非常奇妙的方法可以利用。C、在對昆蟲的化學(xué)控制方法外,有各種各樣非常奇妙的方法可以利用。D、在用化學(xué)方法控制昆蟲方面,有各種各樣非常奇妙的方法可以利用?!菊_答案】B【答案解析】答案選B。本題考查的知識點為名詞短語。thechemicalcontrolofinsects不要譯作“對昆蟲的化學(xué)控制”,這樣譯太費(fèi)解。把這個名詞短語譯作動賓結(jié)構(gòu),可譯作“用化學(xué)方法控制昆蟲”。第3題【單選題】Heis______abouthischancesofwinningagoldmedalintheOlympicsnextyear.A、optimisticB、optionalC、outstandingD、obvious【正確答案】A【答案解析】optimistic樂觀的。optional選擇的。outstanding出色的/醒目的。obvious明顯的。第4題【單選題】LiuXiang’srunningcareerbeganto_____afterhewonthegoldmedalinOlympicGames.A、speedupB、flyawayC、giveawayD、takeoff【正確答案】D【答案解析】答案選D。此題考查了動詞短語。在此句中的takeoff的意思為“出名”。而speedup的意思為“加速”;flyaway的意思為“飛走”;giveaway的意思為“送掉、分發(fā)”。均與句子的意思不符。第5題【單選題】ThewesternmediawasastonishedtoseethatChina’sGDP________byalmost40%justintwoyears’time.A、flourishedB、floatedC、soaredD、roared【正確答案】C【答案解析】soar“高漲,猛增”。根據(jù)題意,正確答案應(yīng)選C。第6題【單選題】MillionsofAmericanfamiliesmaynowbeintheinitialstageoftheirresponsestothecurrentcrisis,workingtogetherandsupportingoneanotherthroughtheearlymonthsofunemployment.Today’seconomiccrisiscouldwellgenerateasimilarnumberofcoupleswhoserelationshipshavebeenirreparably(無法彌補(bǔ)地)ruined.Soitisonlywhentheeconomyishealthyagainthatwe’llbegintoseejusthowmanybrokenfamilieshavebeencreated.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A、Astablefamilyisthebestprotectionagainstpoverty.B、Moneyisthefoundationofmanyahappymarriage.C、Fewcouplescanstandthetestofeconomichardships.D、Theeconomicrecoverywillseeahigherdivorcerate.【正確答案】D【答案解析】答案選D。推理判斷題。最后一段指出,目前的經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)極有可能會使得這些家庭分崩離析,無法彌補(bǔ)。唯有等到經(jīng)濟(jì)再次穩(wěn)健之后我們才能發(fā)現(xiàn)多少家庭在此過程中支離破碎。由此可見,經(jīng)濟(jì)的復(fù)蘇將會見證更高的離婚率,故答案為D。C“很少有夫妻能夠經(jīng)受得起經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)的考驗”屬于過度推斷,可以排除。A和B文章皆未提及。第7題【單選題】Howdowefixthisproblem?Itstartswithreformingthephysicianreimbursementsystem,removethepressureforprimarycarephysicianstosqueezeinmorepatientsperhour,andrewardthemforoptimally(最佳地)managingtheirdiseasesandpracticingevidence-basedmedicine.Makeprimarycaremoreattractivetomedicalstudentsbyforgivingstudentloansforthosewhochooseprimarycareasacareerandreconcilingthemarkeddifferencebetweenspecialistandprimarycarephysiciansalaries.Whatsuggestiondoestheauthorgiveinordertoprovidebetterhealthcare?A、Bridgethesalarygapbetweenspecialistsandprimarycarephysicians.B、Extendprimarycaretopatientswithchronicdiseases.C、Recruitmoremedicalstudentsbyofferingthemloans.D、Reducethetuitionofstudentswhochooseprimarycareastheirmajor.【正確答案】A【答案解析】答案選A。事實細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干中的suggestion和providebetterhealthcare定位于第2段。文章第2段介紹的是改善基礎(chǔ)醫(yī)療目前狀況的建議:應(yīng)該從改革醫(yī)生的費(fèi)用返還制度開始,避免基礎(chǔ)護(hù)理醫(yī)生竭力增加每小時診治患者的數(shù)量,減少他們的壓力,獎勵那些能夠提出最佳治療方案和開具循證藥物的醫(yī)生。通過免除那些選擇基礎(chǔ)護(hù)理工作作為未來職業(yè)的學(xué)生們的助學(xué)貸款,使基礎(chǔ)護(hù)理工作吸引更多醫(yī)學(xué)院的學(xué)生,同時調(diào)和??漆t(yī)生和基礎(chǔ)護(hù)理醫(yī)生之間工資存在的巨大差異,由此可得出答案為A項。第8題【單選題】Shewasa_____girlanddidnotpanic.A、specificB、dominantC、sensibleD、epidemic【正確答案】C【答案解析】sensible明智的;通情達(dá)理的;合乎情理的;意識到的,能感覺到的。第9題【單選題】Ihaveboughttwoballpens,_______writeswell.A、noneofthemB、neitherofthemC、neitherofwhichD、noneofwhich【正確答案】D【答案解析】因為是twoballpens,并且定語從句的謂語writes是單數(shù)概念.因此,C是正確選項.第10題【單選題】ToprotectAmerica’sriversandstreamsfromexcessiveindustrialpollutionandtoguardwildlifefromthedepredationsofman.A、保護(hù)美國的江河,使之免受過分的工業(yè)污染并保護(hù)野生動物不受人類的掠奪。B、保護(hù)美國的河流,使之不受過分的工業(yè)污染,并保護(hù)野生動物不受人類的掠奪。C、保護(hù)美國的江河,使之受不到過分的工業(yè)污染并保護(hù)野生動物不被人類掠奪。D、保護(hù)美國的江河,使之免受過分的工業(yè)污染和野生動物不被人類掠奪?!菊_答案】A【答案解析】“protect...from...”和“guard...from...”同義,均為“保護(hù)…免遭…”。第11題【單選題】Watchingmepullingthecalfawkwardlytothebarn,theIrishmilkmaidfoughthardto[holdback]herlaughter.A、checkB、keepC、stopD、retain【正確答案】A【答案解析】[holdback]抑制,控制。check克制,抑制(做某事或表露感情)。參考譯文:看見我笨手笨腳地把牛牽向牲口棚,那位愛爾蘭擠奶女工竭盡全力克制自己不笑出聲來。第12題【單選題】Secondaryschoolhaditsownshareofchallenges.Iwasatallkidandwasn'tgoodatanysport,exceptlooking.Ilovedbasketballandtennis.ThefirstdayIheldaracket,andIwasdisgracedbymyopponent.HewonsixstraightsetswithoutsweatandthereIwas,sweatingbadlylikeI'drunamarathon,whereasIhadn’tevenmadeasinglepoint.Stanleywasdisgracedbyhisclassmateina___________.A、basketballgameB、tennisgameC、marathongameD、footballgame【正確答案】B【答案解析】答案選B。詞義理解和事實細(xì)節(jié)題。通過關(guān)鍵詞disgrace,考生可迅速定位至本段,再通過本段的關(guān)鍵詞racket,可以判定正確答案是網(wǎng)球比賽。第13題【單選題】Physiologically,wearerhythmical.Wemusteat,sleep,breathe,andplayregularlytomaintaingoodhealth.Emotionallywearerhythmical,too,forpsychologistssaythatallofusfeelalternateperiodsofrelativedepressionandexhilaration.Intellectuallywearealsorhythmical,forwemusthaveperiodsofrelaxationfollowingperiodsofconcentration.Itnaturallyfollowsthenthatrhythm,afundamentalaspectofourlives,mustbeapartofanygoodliterarywork—whetherpoetryorprose.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingpairsofactivitiesbestillustratesintellectualrhythm?A、StudyingasciencebookandthenstudyingapsychologybookB、LearningapoemandthentakinganapC、PlayingballatthebeachandthengoingswimmingD、Solvingamathproblemandthensolvingachemistryproblem【正確答案】B【答案解析】答案選B。段落的結(jié)尾處講到:在腦力活動方面,我們也同樣是有節(jié)奏的,因為我們在高度集中精力一段時間以后,必須讓腦子有一個松弛的階段(“wemusthaveperiodsofrelaxationfollowingperiodsofconcentration”)。根據(jù)這個信息,A、D項內(nèi)容都是高度集中的腦力活動,與原文內(nèi)容恰好相反;B項內(nèi)容是學(xué)習(xí)詩歌與小睡一會,正好符合原文,一張一弛。而C項內(nèi)容又全是不費(fèi)腦力的活動,也不符合原文。第14題【單選題】MyteacherhadbeenwithmeseveralweeksbeforeIunderstoodthateverythinghasaname.A、我的老師和我相處了好幾個星期以后,我才知道每樣?xùn)|西都有一個名字。B、我在知道每樣?xùn)|西都有一個名字以前,我的老師和我相處了好幾個星期。C、老師教了我好幾個星期以后,我才知道每樣?xùn)|西都有一個名字。D、我在知道每樣?xùn)|西都有一個名字之前,老師教了我好幾個星期?!菊_答案】C【答案解析】答案選C。本題考查before的譯法。第15題【單選題】Wecan’t[undertake]thatyouwillmakeaprofit.A、requireB、promiseC、promoteD、doubt【正確答案】B【答案解析】undertake承擔(dān),保證;promise允諾,許諾。第16題【單選題】Beltsofparklandslinethreesidesoftheareaandfourlargeopensquaresoflawnsandtreesbreaktheregularityofthecitybuildings.A、三面有公園環(huán)繞,區(qū)內(nèi)四大廣場有草坪和樹木,打破了市區(qū)建筑的規(guī)整性。B、三面有公園環(huán)繞,區(qū)內(nèi)四大廣場有草坪和樹木,打破了市區(qū)建筑的單調(diào)氣氛。C、帶狀的公園為這個區(qū)域畫了一條三邊的線,四個開闊的廣場的草坪和樹木,打破了市區(qū)建筑的規(guī)整性。D、一條條的公園環(huán)繞著這個區(qū)域的三邊,四個開闊的廣場的草坪和樹木,打破了市區(qū)建筑的單調(diào)性。【正確答案】B【答案解析】答案選B。本題考查的知識點為增詞或減詞。有時為了行文的需要,可以在譯文里增加幾個詞,或減少幾個詞。這是因為有些詞在一種語言里可能是必要的,而在另一種語言里就會顯得多余了。第17題【單選題】To_____newmoneythesportneedstobemoreentertaining.A、recurB、perceiveC、inhabitD、generate【正確答案】D【答案解析】generate使形成;發(fā)生;生殖;產(chǎn)生物理反應(yīng)。第18題【單選題】Thelittleboy’sface,hislookoffearanddesperation,hiscriesforhelp—thechoicewasmadeinourintrinsicloveforchildren.A、那孩子的臉,那臉上恐懼和絕望的表情,他那呼救的聲音,我們固有的對孩子的愛就為我們拿定了主意。B、那孩子的臉,那臉上恐懼和絕望的表情,他那呼救的聲音,我們固有的對孩子的愛使我們做出了選擇。C、看一看那孩子的臉,那臉上恐懼和絕望的表情,聽一聽他那呼救的聲音,我們固有的對孩子的愛就為我們拿定了主意。D、看到那孩子的臉,臉上害怕和絕望的表情,聽到他那呼救的聲音,我們固有的對孩子的愛就為我們做出了選擇?!菊_答案】C【答案解析】答案選C。本題考查的知識點為增詞或減詞。原文是三個名詞詞組,譯文為了行文的需要,加了“看一看”和“聽一聽”。第19題【單選題】Agreatnumberofhouseswouldhavetoberemovedto[makewayfor]thenewamusementpark.A、taketheplaceofB、givespaceforC、buildupD、workout【正確答案】B【答案解析】[makewayfor]讓路,讓地給。givespacefor讓地方給。參考譯文:必須拆除很多房屋來給新游樂公園騰地方。第20題【單選題】Peoplesuspectedthat“Lucky”,ashewascalledbyfriends,wantedtokillhiswifehenolongerlivedwith.TheysaythatLucanenteredhisoldhouseandinthedark,killedthenannybymistake.Hisestrangedwifeheardnoises,camedownstairsandwasalsoattacked,butmanagedtoescape.Sevenmonthsafterthemurder,ajuryconcludedthatLucanhadkilledthenanny.ItisthoughtthatLucankilledthenannybecause______.A、shewaslookingafterthechildrenB、shewasafriendofLucan'sC、itwasdarkandhethoughtshewasLadyLucanD、LoardLucanthoughtthenannystolehiscar【正確答案】C【答案解析】答案選C。因果關(guān)系題。對照本段Peoplesuspectedthat“Lucky”,ashewascalledbyfriends,wantedtokillhiswifehenolongerlivedwith.TheysaythatLucanenteredhisoldhouseandinthedark,killedthenannybymistake.本來是要殺他的妻子,可是因為天太黑,所以錯殺了保姆。第21題【單選題】Wehavea_____agreementwithher.A、uniformB、versionC、verbalD、utmost【正確答案】C【答案解析】verbal口頭的;言語的;動詞的;照字面的。第22題【單選題】TodaythemessagestheaverageWesternerissurroundedwitharenotreligiousbutcommercial,andforeverhappy.Fast-foodeaters,newsanchors,textmessengers,allsmiling,smiling,smiling.Ourmagazinesfeaturebeamingcelebritiesandhappyfamiliesinperfecthomes.Andsincethesemessageshaveanagenda—tolureustoopenourwallets—theymaketheveryideaofhappinessseemunreliable.“Celebrate!”commandedtheadsforthearthritisdrugCelebrex,beforewefoundoutitcouldincreasetheriskofheartattacks.Intheauthor’sopinion,advertising______.A、emergesinthewakeoftheantihappyartB、isacauseofdisappointmentforthegeneralpublicC、replacesthechurchasamajorsourceofinformationD、createsanillusionofhappinessratherthanhappinessitself【正確答案】D【答案解析】答案選D。觀點態(tài)度題。本段第4句指出,商業(yè)文化(其代表就是廣告)傳達(dá)快樂信息的目的是誘使我們打開錢包,而這使快樂的概念本身變得不可信了。接著指出,我們忘記了,幸福不僅僅是沒有痛苦的享樂,那些帶來最大快樂的東西同時也最有可能帶來巨大的損失和失望。由此可知,廣告帶給我們的快樂是一種不真實的感受。因此D正確。第23題【單選題】Wecan’t[undertake]thatyouwillmakeaprofit.A、requireB、promiseC、promoteD、doubt【正確答案】B【答案解析】undertake承擔(dān),保證;promise允諾,許諾。第24題【單選題】Manypeopleacton_____withoutcountingthecost.A、failB、impulseC、outlineD、rate【正確答案】B【答案解析】impulse沖動;[電子]脈沖;刺激;神經(jīng)沖動;推動力。第25題【單選題】Parentsoftendecideonthebasisofwhattheirchildrenwant.Cathy,amothertoldus,“Mychildrenhavepackedlunches,becausetheysaytheyhateschooldinners.Imake3packedluncheseverymorning,soourkitchenislikeasandwichbarinthemorning.”However,anothermother,Susanmadeherchoicebasedonthenutritiousvalueofthefood.Shesaid,“Mydaughteralwayshasschooldinners.IthinksheprobablygetshealthierfoodbyhavingacookedlunchatschoolthanshewouldifImadeafewsandwiches.”WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A、Katzthinkschipsaregoodforhiskids.B、Susan’sdaughterlikeseatingsandwiches.C、Cathymayhaveatleastthreechildren.D、Jamielikesburgersandpizzas.【正確答案】C【答案解析】答案選C。細(xì)節(jié)查找并簡單推斷題。從本段,特別是Imake3packedluncheseverymorning…可知Cathy有三個孩子在上學(xué),有沒有不上學(xué)的孩子不得而知,故選項C為最佳選項。其他三項均與原文意思不符。第26題【單選題】Whatwouldhavehappened________,asfarastheriverbankA、BobhadwalkedfartherB、ifBobshouldwalkfartherC、hadBobwalkedfartherD、ifBobwalkedfarther【正確答案】C【答案解析】當(dāng)if引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件從句的謂語動詞含有were,had,could,should等詞時,可將這些詞提至句首,而將if省去,從而構(gòu)成倒裝句式.第27題【單選題】—Whatdoyouthinkofthemanagerofyourcompany?—Oh,heis______managerwho’spleasanttoworkwith.It’s______pleasuretoworkwithhim.A、the,aB、a,aC、a,theD、不填,a【正確答案】B【答案解析】前半句表示“他是那種很好共事的人”,兩空均用不定冠詞。第28題【單選題】Youconsiderthatyoucan’tfindyourplaceinyourowncountry,soyouriskthecomfortablebutmodestlifewithyourparentsandyougoabroad.Maybetherewillbemomentswhenyoucan’tstandthelonelinessanymore,thestrangersaroundyou,oryourjob.Butyouremembernobodymadeyoutakethatdecision,soyoutakeadeepbreath,andyougoon,asyouaretheonlyonetobeblamed.Whenyouarelonelyinaforeigncountry,youshould________.A、changeyourdecisionB、blameyourparentsforitC、sticktoyourdecisionandgoonD、makemorefriends【正確答案】C【答案解析】答案選C。根據(jù)文章本段中Butyouremembernobodymadeyoutakethatdecision,soyoutakeadeepbreath,andyougoon…可知答案。作者認(rèn)為你出國后可能會面臨各種困難,面對周圍的陌生人、工作,你可能會感到孤獨,但是仔細(xì)想想這個決定是你自己做的,于是你不得不深呼吸,然后繼續(xù)。第29題【單選題】I[recognize]myownshortcomings.A、建立B、指望C、認(rèn)識到D、推薦【正確答案】C【答案解析】[recognize]vt.認(rèn)出,識別;承認(rèn)。第30題【閱讀理解】(1)Themostcommontheoryofperceptionisna?verealisminwhichpeoplebelievethatwhattheyperceiveisthingsinthemselves.Childrendevelopthistheoryasaworkinghypothesisofhowtodealwiththeworld.①[Manypeoplewhohavenotstudiedbiologycarrythistheoryintoadultlifeandregardtheirperceptiontobetheworlditselfratherthanapatternthatoverlaystheformoftheworld.]ThomasReidtookthistheoryastepfurther.Herealizedthatsensationwascomposedofasetofdatatransfersbutdeclaredthatthesewereinsomewaytransparentsothatthereisadirectconnectionbetweenperceptionandtheworld.ThisideaiscalledDirectRealism.DirectRealismhasbecomepopularinrecentyearswiththeriseofPostmodernismandBehaviorism.②DirectRealismdoesnotclearlyspecifythenatureofthebitoftheworldthatisanobjectinperception,especiallyincaseswheretheobjectissomethinglikeashadow.(2)③Thesuccessionofdatatransfersthatareinvolvedinperceptionsuggeststhatsomewhereinthebrainthereisafinalsetofactivity,calledsensedata.Perceptionwouldthenbesomeformofbrainactivityandsomehowthebrainwouldbeabletoperceiveitself.Thisconceptisknownasindirectrealism.InIndirectRealismitisheldthatwecanonlybeawareofexternalobjectsbybeingawareofrepresentationsofobjects.ThisideawasheldbyJohnLockeandImmanuelKant.Thecommonargumentagainstindirectrealismisthatitimpliesahomunculuswhereitappearsasifthemindisseeingthemindinanendlesscircle.Thisargumentassumesthatperceptionisentirelyduetodatatransferandclassicalinformationprocessing.④Thisassumptionishighlycontentiousandtheargumentcanbeavoidedbyproposingthattheperceptisaphenomenonthatdoesnotdependwhollyuponthetransferandrearrangementofdata.(3)Directrealismandindirectrealismareknownas“realist”theoriesofperceptionbecausetheyholdthatthereisaworldexternaltothemind.Directrealismholdsthattherepresentationofanobjectislocatednextto,orisevenpartof,theactualphysicalobjectwhereasindirectrealismholdsthattherepresentationofanobjectisbrainactivity.⑤Directrealismproposessomeasyetunknowndirectconnectionbetweenexternalrepresentationsandthemindwhileindirectrealismrequiressomefeatureofmodernphysicstocreateaphenomenonthatavoidsinfiniteregress.”【正確答案】許多沒有學(xué)過生物學(xué)的人直到成年階段還相信這個理論,(0.5分)認(rèn)為自己所認(rèn)識的就是世界本身而不是罩在世界存在形式上面的一種模式。(1分)/(整句結(jié)構(gòu)通順0.5分)【答案解析】(1)句子整體上采用順譯法,局部采用包孕法(定語前置)。(2)who引導(dǎo)的定語從句采用包孕前置手法。短語carrythistheoryintoadultlife部分需要意譯為“到成年之后還相信這一理論”。(3)名詞perception理解為“認(rèn)識,觀念,看法”。(4)動詞overlay理解為“覆蓋的上面”。that限制性定語采用前置包孕法。【正確答案】直接現(xiàn)實主義并不明確肯定世界的一個小的組成部分的本質(zhì),(1分)而這個部分只是被感知的對象,尤其是當(dāng)這一物體僅僅像個影子的時候。(0.5分)/(整句結(jié)構(gòu)通順0.5分)【答案解析】(1)整個基本采用順譯法。(2)動詞specify理解為“具體指明,明確說明”(tostateitordescribeitprecisely,sothatitisclearwhichofseveralthingsyoumean)。(3)thatisanobjectinperception作定語從句修飾abit,定語從句在這包含轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。(4)名詞shadow在這轉(zhuǎn)化為“影子,表象”?!菊_答案】認(rèn)知過程中數(shù)據(jù)的連續(xù)轉(zhuǎn)換表明,(1分)大腦某處已經(jīng)有一個叫做“感覺材料”的最終活動系統(tǒng)。(1分)/(整句結(jié)構(gòu)不通順-0.5分)【答案解析】(1)整句基本采用順譯法。(2)thatareinvolvedinperception定語從句采用前置方法。(3)名詞successionofdatatransfer在漢語譯文重新調(diào)整順序,轉(zhuǎn)化為“數(shù)據(jù)的連續(xù)轉(zhuǎn)換”。(4)由于sensedata是一個獨立的成分,所以在一文中需要在“感覺材料”上加上引號。【正確答案】這一假設(shè)極具爭議性,(0.5分)而只要我們提出感知是一種并不完全依賴數(shù)據(jù)(材料)的轉(zhuǎn)換和重新組合的現(xiàn)象,(0.5分)那么這一論點就不會被涉及。(0.5分)/(整句結(jié)構(gòu)通順0.5分)【答案解析】本句較難。(1)整句基本采用順譯法。(2)thisassumption照應(yīng)上一個句子的內(nèi)容。(3)在轉(zhuǎn)化被動語態(tài)“theargumentcanbeavoided”時,由于by引導(dǎo)的狀語太復(fù)雜,所以采用增加“我們,人們”作主語,以增強(qiáng)譯文的通順性。(4)that引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾phenomenon一詞,需要前置包孕以增強(qiáng)譯文的邏輯性?!菊_答案】直接現(xiàn)實主義認(rèn)為在外部表象和內(nèi)心之間存在著某種尚不為人知的聯(lián)系,(1分)而非直接現(xiàn)實主義則要求現(xiàn)代物理學(xué)的某一特定功能來創(chuàng)造一種可以避免無限倒退的現(xiàn)象。(1分)/(整句結(jié)構(gòu)不通順-0.5分)【答案解析】(1)整句采用順譯的方式,連詞while引導(dǎo)的兩個分句之間存在對比關(guān)系。(2)asyet含否定意義,“迄今為止尚未”。(3)feature一詞理解為“特定功能”。(4)thatavoidsindefiniteregress需要前置包孕放置到“現(xiàn)象”前面。第31題【單選題】To_____newmoneythesportneedstobemoreentertaining.A、recurB、perceiveC、inhabitD、generate【正確答案】D【答案解析】generate使形成;發(fā)生;生殖;產(chǎn)生物理反應(yīng)。第32題【單選題】Thedeclineinmoralstandards,whichhaslongconcernedsocialanalysts,hasatlast________theattentionofaverageAmericans.A、clarifiedB、cultivatedC、characterizedD、captured【正確答案】D【答案解析】本題的四個選項意思各不相同,但能與題句空格后的名詞attention搭配并符合題意的只有一個。capture“捕獲,吸引(注意力)”。根據(jù)題意,正確答案應(yīng)選D。第33題【單選題】Howdowefixthisproblem?Itstartswithreformingthephysicianreimbursementsystem,removethepressureforprimarycarephysicianstosqueezeinmorepatientsperhour,andrewardthemforoptimally(最佳地)managingtheirdiseasesandpracticingevidence-basedmedicine.Makeprimarycaremoreattractivetomedicalstudentsbyforgivingstudentloansforthosewhochooseprimarycareasacareerandreconcilingthemarkeddifferencebetweenspecialistandprimarycarephysiciansalaries.Whatsuggestiondoestheauthorgiveinordertoprovidebetterhealthcare?A、Bridgethesalarygapbetweenspecialistsandprimarycarephysicians.B、Extendprimarycaretopatientswithchronicdiseases.C、Recruitmoremedicalstudentsbyofferingthemloans.D、Reducethetuitionofstudentswhochooseprimarycareastheirmajor.【正確答案】A【答案解析】答案選A。事實細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干中的suggestion和providebetterhealthcare定位于第2段。文章第2段介紹的是改善基礎(chǔ)醫(yī)療目前狀況的建議:應(yīng)該從改革醫(yī)生的費(fèi)用返還制度開始,避免基礎(chǔ)護(hù)理醫(yī)生竭力增加每小時診治患者的數(shù)量,減少他們的壓力,獎勵那些能夠提出最佳治療方案和開具循證藥物的醫(yī)生。通過免除那些選擇基礎(chǔ)護(hù)理工作作為未來職業(yè)的學(xué)生們的助學(xué)貸款,使基礎(chǔ)護(hù)理工作吸引更多醫(yī)學(xué)院的學(xué)生,同時調(diào)和??漆t(yī)生和基礎(chǔ)護(hù)理醫(yī)生之間工資存在的巨大差異,由此可得出答案為A項。第34題【單選題】ThedeltaandnarrowNileValleytothesouthmakeuponly3percentofEgyptslandbutarehometo96percentofherpopulation.A、三角洲和南邊狹窄的尼羅河河谷組成了埃及土地的百分之三,卻有百分之九十六的人口住在這里。B、三角洲和通向南邊的狹窄的尼羅河河谷組成了埃及土地的百分之三,卻有百分之九十六的人口住在這里。C、三角洲和南邊狹窄的尼羅河河谷只占埃及土地的百分之三,卻有百分之九十六的人口住在這里。D、三角洲和南邊狹窄的尼羅河河谷只占埃及土地的百分之三,但卻是百分之九十六的人口的家園。【正確答案】C【答案解析】答案選C。arehometo…若譯作“是…的家”則不順,所以把名詞改為動詞,譯作“…住在這里”。第35題【單選題】Myneighboursusedtogivemeahandintimeoftrouble,________wasverykindofthem.A、whoB、whichC、thatD、it【正確答案】B【答案解析】非限制性定語從句常用which引導(dǎo),which表示前句話的整個含義。第36題【單選題】Druguseaccountsfor[approximately]three-quartersofallreportedcasesofHIVinthecountry.A、possiblyB、roughlyC、generallyD、specificly【正確答案】B【答案解析】[approximately]大致地,近似地。roughly大體上,大致上。參考譯文:在那個國家,在所報道的所有艾滋病病例中,吸毒者約占75%。第37題【單選題】Alarge________ofthesunlightneverreachestheearthwhileinfra-redheatgivenoffbytheearthisallowedtoescapefreely.A、ratioB、proportionC、rateD、fraction【正確答案】B【答案解析】proportion“部分,份兒”,指部分與整體的關(guān)系,如:Alargeproportionofthedolphinsinthatareawilleventuallydie.根據(jù)題意,正確答案應(yīng)為B。第38題【單選題】Actuallyindustrycanv[ary]agooddealoverthecenturies.A、alterB、improveC、alertD、perish【正確答案】A【答案解析】v[ary]改變;improve改善,增進(jìn);提高…的價值。第39題【單選題】Thereisno_____forpracticalexperience.A、substituteB、sympathyC、likelyD、grant【正確答案】A【答案解析】substitute代用品;代替者。第40題【單選題】Fatherhadnomorethana[superficial]knowledgeofmusic.A、widespreadB、shallowC、reluctantD、subsequent【正確答案】B【答案解析】[superficial]表面的;膚淺的;shallow淺的;膚淺的。第41題【單選題】AfterYangLiweisucceededincirclingtheearth,________ourastronautsdesiretodoiswalkinspace.A、whereB、whatC、thatD、how【正確答案】B【答案解析】句意:楊利偉成功環(huán)繞地球后,我們的宇航員所要做的就是太空行走。當(dāng)that引導(dǎo)定語從句時,通常用作關(guān)系代詞,而引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時,是個不充當(dāng)任何成分的連接詞。賓語從句和表語從句中的that??墒÷?。What只能引導(dǎo)名詞性從句,用作連接代詞,作從句的具體成分,且不能省略。第42題【單選題】Brindleyworked,forexample,toimprovethegrindingofflints,whichwereusedintherisingpotteryindustry.A、為了改進(jìn)例如燧石的研磨過程,布林德雷努力工作著,燧石是新興陶瓷工業(yè)的常用材料。B、例如,布林德雷努力改進(jìn)新興陶瓷工業(yè)常用材料的研磨過程—燧石。C、例如,布林德雷努力改進(jìn)燧石的研磨過程,燧石是新興陶瓷工業(yè)使用的材料。D、布林德雷努力改進(jìn)例如燧石的研磨過程,燧石是新興陶瓷工業(yè)使用的材料?!菊_答案】C【答案解析】本題考查插入語的翻譯。Forexample是插入到句子之間的,它其實可以放在句子的開頭,但是漢語沒有這個用法,要舉例子基本上應(yīng)該把“例如”放在句子的開頭,根據(jù)這一點可以排除A和D項,同時要注意whichwereusedintherisingpotteryindustry是定語從句修飾前面的flints,可以單獨用一個句子來表達(dá),這樣可以保留原句子的連貫性又忠于原文,最合適的應(yīng)該是C項。第43題【單選題】ThewesternmediawasastonishedtoseethatChina’sGDP________byalmost40%justintwoyears’time.A、flourishedB、floatedC、soaredD、roared【正確答案】C【答案解析】soar“高漲,猛增”。根據(jù)題意,正確答案應(yīng)選C。第44題【單選題】Itisnecessarythatacollegestudent________atleastaforeignlanguage.A、mastersB、shouldmasterC、masteredD、willmaster【正確答案】B【答案解析】Itisnecessary(clear/true/strange/important/wonderful/possible/likely…)that…,這類主語從句中,謂語動詞多為“(should)+動詞原形”,即要用虛擬語氣。第45題【單選題】Theywere,byandlarge,averywealthy,privileged[elite].A、元素B、住所C、精英D、裁定【正確答案】C【答案解析】[elite]n.精英;精華;中堅分子。第46題【單選題】Stayinbedforanotherfewdays,andyourhealthconditionwillimprove_____.A、someB、afewC、anyD、little【正確答案】A【答案解析】答案選A。some用于肯定句中,又如Hefeltsomebetter.他覺得好些了。第47題【單選題】Theywere,byandlarge,averywealthy,privileged[elite].A、元素B、住所C、精英D、裁定【正確答案】C【答案解析】[elite]n.精英;精華;中堅分子。第48題【單選題】Didyounoticethe________onthedoctor’sfacewhenheheardthatKitahadfoundthepearloftheworldA、appearanceB、expressionC、descriptionD、illusion【正確答案】B【答案解析】句意:當(dāng)博士聽說基塔發(fā)現(xiàn)了世界上最大的珍珠時,你注意到他那時臉上的表情了嗎?expression意為“表情,表現(xiàn)力”;appearance意為“外觀,外表”;description意為“描寫,描述”;illusion意為“錯覺,幻覺;假象”。第49題【單選題】Thisstatementisnotconsistent_______whatyousaidatyesterdaysmeeting.A、asB、withC、inD、for【正確答案】B【答案解析】beconsistentwith:和…一致。beconsistentin:在某方面前后一致。句意:這個說法與你昨天會上的發(fā)言不相符。答案選B。第50題【單選題】SheusedtorelatehowshemetinItalyanelderlygentlemanwhowaslookingverysad.A、她經(jīng)常提到她如何在意大利碰到一位老先生,他看來很悲傷。B、她常對人說,她在意大利碰到過一位愁容滿面的老先生。C、她經(jīng)常提到她如何在意大利碰到一位愁容滿面的老先生。D、她常對人說,她在意大利碰到過一位上了年紀(jì)的紳士,他看起來很悲傷?!菊_答案】B【答案解析】答案選B?!皐howaslookingverysad”是定語,翻譯成中文要注意語序。第51題【單選題】Whilewecannotclosethegulfbetweenus,wecantrytobridgeitsothatwemaybeabletotalkacrossit.A、當(dāng)我們無法彌合我們之間的鴻溝時,我們可以搭一座橋,以便越過它進(jìn)行會談。B、在我們不能彌合雙方之間的鴻溝時,我們可以修一座橋,為的是能夠進(jìn)行會談。C、雖然我們不能彌合雙方之間的鴻溝,我們卻能夠設(shè)法搭一座橋,以便我們能夠越過它進(jìn)行會談。D、雖然我們可以修一座橋,為的是能夠進(jìn)行會談,但我們卻無法彌合雙方之間的鴻溝?!菊_答案】C【答案解析】答案選C。本句雖然用了連詞while,但分句與主句之間是一種讓步關(guān)系,因此while可譯為“雖然”。此句中的bridge用作動詞,這是一種形象的說法,譯為“搭一座橋”。第52題【單選題】Manypeople,whenill,seetheirdoctorsandaskthemto________somethingthatwillmakethemfeelbetter.A、describeB、prescribeC、reviseD、devise【正確答案】B【答案解析】prescribe“開處方,開(藥)”。根據(jù)題意,正確答案應(yīng)為B。第53題【單選題】Idon’tknowwhatto_____attheuniversity,Ican’tmakeanyforecastsaboutmyfuture.A、takeinB、takeupC、takeoverD、takeafter【正確答案】B【答案解析】答案選B。本題主要考查動詞短語的意義區(qū)別。根據(jù)句子中的Ican’tmakeanyforecastsaboutmyfuture可知,“我”不知該學(xué)什么,故選B。第54題【單選題】Congress[assembles]togetherinJanuary.A、rangeB、restrictC、gatherD、restore【正確答案】C【答案解析】[assembles]集合,聚集;裝配;收集;gather收集;收割;使…聚集;使…皺起。第55題【單選題】Alarge________ofthesunlightneverreachestheearthwhileinfra-redheatgivenoffbytheearthisallowedtoescapefreely.A、ratioB、proportionC、rateD、fraction【正確答案】B【答案解析】proportion“部分,份兒”,指部分與整體的關(guān)系,如:Alargeproportionofthedolphinsinthatareawilleventuallydie.根據(jù)題意,正確答案應(yīng)為B。第56題【單選題】Onereasoniseconomic.Inatraditionalagriculturaleconomy,largefamiliesarehelpful.Havingmorechildrenmeanshavingmoreworkersinthefieldsandsomeonetotakecareoftheparentsinoldage.Inanindustrialeconomy,thesituationisdifferent.Manychildrendonothelpafamily;instead,theyareanexpense.Thus,industrializationhasgenerallybroughtdownthebirthrate.ThiswasthecaseinItaly,whichwasindustrializedquiterecentlyandrapidly.Intheearlypartofthetwentiethcentury,Italywasapoor,largelyagriculturalcountrywithahighbirthrate.AfterWorldWarⅡ,Italy'seconomywasrapidlymodernizedandindustrialized.Bytheendofthecentury,thebirthratehaddroppedto1.3childrenperwoman,theworld'slowest.Inatraditionalagriculturaleconomy,alargefamily_______.A、canbeanadvantageB、maylimitincomeC、isn’tnecessaryD、isexpensive【正確答案】A【答案解析】答案選A。對照本段Inatraditionalagriculturaleconomy,largefamiliesarehelpful.大的家庭是有幫助的,選項中最接近意思的是A,成為一個優(yōu)勢,答案是A。第57題【單選題】Thisstatementisnotconsistent_______whatyousaidatyesterdaysmeeting.A、asB、withC、inD、for【正確答案】B【答案解析】beconsistentwith:和…一致。beconsistentin:在某方面前后一致。句意:這個說法與你昨天會上的發(fā)言不相符。答案選B。第58題【單選題】Readersarerequiredto[complywith]therulesofthelibraryandmindtheirmanners.A、evaluateB、memorizeC、protectD、observe【正確答案】D【答案解析】[complywith]服從,遵從。observe遵守,奉行。參考譯文:讀者被要求遵守圖書館規(guī)章并注意各自的行為規(guī)范。第59題【單選題】Wehavegreatdifferencestoday.Whatbringsustogetheristhatwehavecommoninterestswhichtranscendthosedifferences.A、現(xiàn)在我們有很大的分歧。但使我們走到一起的,是我們有跨越這些分歧的共同利益。B、今天我們有巨大的不同。使我們走到一起的,是我們有超越這些不同的共同利益。C、今天我們有巨大的分歧。使我們走到一起的,是我們有超越這些分歧的共同利益。D、今天我們有巨大的不同。使我們來到一起的,是我們有超過這些不同的共同興趣。【正確答案】C【答案解析】答案選C。greatdifferences在句子中表示的是“巨大的分歧”的意思;interests在本句中不是表示“興趣”,而是表示雙方之間共同的利益。第60題【單選題】Thereisalotofluckindrillingforoil.A、以鉆探的方法找石油有很大的偶然性。B、以鉆探的方法找石油全靠運(yùn)氣了。C、鉆探石油有很大的偶然性。D、鉆探石油是很幸運(yùn)的事?!菊_答案】C【答案解析】答案選C。drillingforoil表示“鉆探石油”;alotofluck本意表示的是“運(yùn)氣”,在本句中可以翻譯為“偶然性”。第61題【單選題】IfyouenjoylookingthroughtravelbooksbysuchfamiliarauthorsasArthurFrommerorEugeneFodor,itwillnotsurpriseyoutolearnthattravelwritinghasalongandvenerablehistory.Almostfromtheearliestannalsofrecordedtimeindividualshavefoundreadyaudiencesfortheiraccountsofjourneystostrangeandexoticlocales.Thispassageismostlyabout__________.A、whypeoplefindtravelwritingexcitingB、theliterarystyleofthreeearlytravelwritersC、wherethreeearlytravelwriterswentandwroteaboutD、howtowriteatravelbook【正確答案】C【答案解析】答案選C。主旨題。聯(lián)系第一自然段和每段首句知道,本文講了三個作家,鎖定答案B和C,結(jié)合內(nèi)容,文章主要講關(guān)于他們的旅行和作品。第62題【單選題】Tomwokefromaterribledream,_____inanotherworld,onethatwasreal.A、justtofindhimB、justtofindhimselfC、onlytofindhimD、onlytofindhimself【正確答案】D【答案解析】答案選D。句意:Tom從噩夢中醒來,發(fā)現(xiàn)自己處于另一個世界,一個現(xiàn)實的世界。本題考查不定式結(jié)構(gòu)onlytodo作結(jié)果狀語,表示意外或事與愿違的結(jié)果;findoneselfin…發(fā)現(xiàn)自身處于……,故選D。第63題【單選題】The_____isexpectedtobepassedinthenextparliament.A、legislationB、toleranceC、graduateD、instrument【正確答案】A【答案解析】instrument儀器;工具;樂器;手段;器械。第64題【單選題】Anyprincipleis[preferable]tonone.A、秘密的B、首要的C、初步的D、更好的【正確答案】D【答案解析】[preferable]adj.更好的,更可取的;更合意的。第65題【單選題】Incomemaybenationalincomeandpersonalincome.Whereasnationalincomeisdefinedasthetotalearnedincomeofallthefactorsofproduction—namely,profits,interest,rent,wages,andothercompensationforlabor,personalincomemaybedefinedastotalmoneyincomereceivedbyindividualsbeforepersonaltaxesarepaid.NationalincomedoesnotequalGNPbecausethefactorsofproductiondonotreceivepaymentforeithercapitalconsumptionallowancesorindirectbusinesstaxes,bothofwhichareincludedinGNP.Themoneyputasideforcapitalconsumptionisforreplacementandthusisnotcountedasincome.Indirecttaxesincludesalestaxes,propertytaxes,andexcisetaxesthatarepaidbybusinessesdirectlytothegovernmentandsoreducetheincomelefttopayforthefactorsofproduction.Three-fourthsofnationalincomegoesfor

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