culture in translation藍色我修改或添加地方棕色是認(rèn)為應(yīng)該有注釋

藍色為我修改或添加的地方IntroductionoftheBorden（鑒于我們的目前通篇沒有，因為是學(xué)術(shù)小，還是在一些地方插入一些吧。Body部分由于是我們自己找的語料分析，不好找到。此處介紹邊城時，好找到一個。)TheBorderTownwrittenbyShenCongwenisamasterpiece,showcasingtheuniquecultureofXiangxi---WesternHunanProvince,wheretwooftheminoritiesTujiaandMiaoPeoplegather.ThelanguageusedbyShenalsocarriesabroadXiangxiaccentalongwithelegantexpressions.Asuccessfultranslationcanintroducenotonlytheplot,butthespecialculturetoforeignreaders.ThisessaywilldiscussthemaintranslationmethodsinthegreattraslatorsYangXianyiandDaiNaidie’sXiangxicustomstranslation.ThefollowingexamplesareselectedpartlyfromChapterOne,Two,EightandTwenty-one.Throughourgroup’s ysis,ononehand,YangandDaiomitsomemodifiedphrases,showingthedominantinformationtoreaders,incasethattheoverloadedinformationwillconfusereaderswhoarenotfamiliarwithXiangxiculture.Thefollowingexamplecanillustratethispoint:P21:這種婦人……把眉毛扯得成一條細(xì)，大大的發(fā)髻上敷了香味極濃俗的油類。Thesewomenhavelongarchedeyebrows,biglavishlyscentedchignons.Ontheotherhand,someomissionmaymakeithardforreaderstounderstandthelogic？(譯文雖然省略了，但從邏輯上還是能夠讀通的，)inthecontext.……”ThetranslationomitthereasonwhythefathercallshissecondsonNuosong,“Shunshun……h(huán)adasoftspotinhisheartfortheyounger,givinghimthenameNuosong,hisbrotherthatofTianbao.AndNuosongwasasuchafine-lookingboy……”.ForthosewhowithoutacknowledgeofXiangxiculturebackground,howShunshunshowshispreferencetohisyoungersonfrommeaningsencodedinnamesstillremainunknown.Thus,howtomakegooduseofomissioninculturetranslationisagreatchallenge.Asdiscrepanciesinthinkingways,languagehabitaswellasexpressionmodesexistinthetwolanguages,andEnglish,itissometimesnecessarytoadoptamplification,atranslationmethodofaddingwordsorclausesorsentences,aimingtoconveytheoriginalmeaningmoreaccuray.Anotableexampleisinthelastofthisnovel.Whentownsmenwhoseetheoldferrymanhasvanished,theyknowtheoldmanhasdonehistask.Sourcetextwritesas”butandDaiaddswordsas“…theoldman,histaskdone,islyingatrestintheearthasfoodfortheworms.”Thatfitsforthetraditionalculturalvalueoftownsmentowardsdeaththatmenaremembersofnature,andtheirphysicalbodywouldbe posedinsoilafterdeathjustasanyotherlivecreaturesornts.Sotheamplification“asfoodfortheworms”isbasedontheYangcouple’sdeepunderstandingoftraditionalculture,whichisapunchlineinourgroup’seyes.TheBorderTown,asasplendidmedium-lengthnovelregardinglandandvillage,therearemanyuniquecustomexpressions,localclothesaswellasdialectsandsoon,whichisachallengetowhoevertriestotranslatethisbook.Suchexpressionslike曲,綠盤云得勝褂,縐綢包頭,已被掀下了金鑾寶殿,arealltotallyunknownthingsforforeigners.Sosometimes“Equivalenceisagoodwayofavoidingsituationofmisunderstandinganddeliveringmeanings.TheYangcouplealsoemploysthistechniqueintranslation,sointranslatedversionexpressionsappearregardingsomeabovetermagreentunic,blacksilkturban,emperorhasbeendraggedoffhisgoldenthrone.Tuniccorresponds褂，turbanfor包頭，goldenthronefor金鑾寶殿whichallareconceptsalreadyexistinginEnglishspeakers.Suchwayarebenefitformeaningspreading,whileconcerningaboutnon-equivalenceoftwoexpressions’semanticrangeaswellasculturetransmitting,ourgrouphasqualifiedopiniontothisTransliTherearemanywordsinthenoveltranslateddirectlyinRomanizedwriting,forexample,‘里’to‘li’,‘茶峒‘to‘Chadong’,and‘桐油’to‘tungoil’,whichholdsdistinctivenationalcharacteristics.Themainfunctionofthesewordsistofacilitate言具有任意性額）,andtranslatingthesewordsinRomanizedwritingcouldexerttheirindicativeeffect.Whatimpressedmemostisthatwhenitcomesto‘硬朗得如同楠木樹一樣’,Yangtranslated‘楠木’,to‘nanmu’.Throughoursearching,’nanmu’representeddecencyandpersistence,andwasonlyusedintheimperialfamilyinancientera.So,wetendtoassociateitwithmanygoodimagesandit’seasyforustoimaginethepeopledescribed.?However,thingsmay edifferentinothercultures.Ifwetranslateitequallyinotherlanguage,peoplewillprobablybemisunderstoodbytheword.For‘張果老驢得坐穩(wěn)’，Yangtranslated‘sitsteady,Zhang’.It’sknowntoallthatZhangisamythologicalfigureandoneoftheEightImmortalsintheTaoistpantheon.Butthinkingaboutforeigners,theymaynotknowthestorywell,somemaybeconfusedorjusttakeitasanordinary Sothereadersmaylosethechancetounderstandtheromanticmeaningbehind.However,ifwetranslateitcompleyasZhangGuolao,readersmay interestedinthenameandlookinwhoheis.2. tureandtranslationwerecompletedbasedonspecifichistoricalconditionsandcultures.Cultureistheessenceofanation,whichcouldbeexpressedinitsli Translationisoneofthemostimportantwaysofculturalintroductionandoutput.So,howtoshareourculturewiththeworldandbringdifferentculturetobytranslatingwithoutlosingculturalcharacteristicsremainsacontroversialproblem.InTheBorderTown,DaiandYangputfaithfulnessinthefirstce?（是不是忠實于原“andusedmanytranslationskills,suchasomission,equivalence,exnationand tiona