語(yǔ)言學(xué)導(dǎo)論學(xué)習(xí)通課后章節(jié)答案期末考試題庫(kù)2023年

語(yǔ)言學(xué)導(dǎo)論學(xué)習(xí)通課后章節(jié)答案期末考試題庫(kù)2023年Thefreeroot“tain”canbeaddedtootherprefixestoformnewwords,forexample:contain,obtain,retain.

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錯(cuò)

Thewords“l(fā)oose”and“books”haveacommonphonemeandacommonmorphemeaswell.

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錯(cuò)

Consonantarticulationsarerelativelyeasytofeelandasaresultaremostconvenientlydescribedintermsof________andmannerofarticulation.

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place

Thesound[k]canbedescribedwith“voiceless,________,stop”.

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velar

Inphonologicalanalysisthewordsfail-veilaredistinguishablesimplybecauseofthetwophonemes/f/-/v/.Thisisanexampleforillustrating________.

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minimalpairs

Thedistinctionbetweenvowelsandconsonantsliesinthe________.

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obstructionofairstream

Theword“gentlemanliness”ismadeupof4morphemes,“gentle-man-li-ness”.

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對(duì)

Phoneticsimilaritymeansthatthe_______ofaphonememustbearsomephoneticresemblance.

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allophones

Whenthevocalfoldsareapart,theaircanpassthrougheasilyandthesoundproducedissaidtobevoiced.

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錯(cuò)

Englishconsonantscanbeclassifiedintotwocategories:voicedandvoicelessconsonants.

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對(duì)

Pointoutwhichitemdoesnotfallunderthesamecategoryastherest.(Focusonthetypeofsemanticrelation)

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furniture/table

_______studiesmeaninginlanguage,_______isaboutprinciplesofformingandunderstandingcorrectEnglishsentences,and________isconcernedwiththeinternalorganizationofwords.Theyareallamongthemainbranchesoflinguistics.（人大2006研）

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semantics###syntax###morphology

Morphemethatcanoccur“unattached”arecalled______.

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free

Bilabialconsonantisproducedwhentheobstructionispartialandtheairisforcedthroughanarrowpassage.

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錯(cuò)

InSaussure'sview,therelationshipbetweensignifier(soundimage)andsignified(concept)is_______.

（北二外2003）

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arbitrary

Basereferstothepartofthewordthatremainswhenallinflectionalaffixesareremoved.

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錯(cuò)

_________dealswiththerelationshipbetweenthelinguisticelementandthenon-linguisticworldofexperience.

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Reference

WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

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Senseistheaspectofmeaningdictionarycompilersarenotinterestedin.

___________isawayinwhichthemeaningofawordcanbedissectedintomeaningcomponents.

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Componentialanalysis

The_______istheminimaldistinctiveunitingrammar,aunitwhichcannotbedividedwithoutdestroyingordrasticallyalteringthemeaning,whetherlexicalorgrammatical.

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morpheme

Somemorphemeslike-ish,-ness,-ly,-dis,trans-,un-areneverwordsbythemselvesbutarealwayspartsofwords.Theseaffixesare________morphemes.

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bound

“Wordsarenamesorlabelsforthings.”Thisviewiscalled_______insemantictheory.

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namingtheory

Affixescanbecalled______morphemes.

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bound

Thesemantictriangleholdsthatthemeaningofaword________.

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isinterpretedthroughthemediationofconcept.

WhichofthefollowingisNOTincludedinG.Leech’sseventypesofmeaning?

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Denotativemeaning

_________isawayinwhichnewwordsmaybeformedfromalreadyexistingwordsbysubtractinganaffixwhichisthoughttobepartoftheoldword.

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Back-formation

Freemorphememayconstitutewordsbythemselves.

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對(duì)

ThewordTBisformedinthewayof__________.

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initialism

Linguisticformshavingthesamesensemayhavedifferentreferencesindifferentsituations.

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對(duì)

Senseisconcernedwiththerelationshipbetweenthelinguisticelementandthenon-linguisticworldofexperience,whilethereferencedealswiththeinherentmeaningofthelinguisticform.

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我的答案：錯(cuò)

Amorphemecanconveytwokindsofmeanings:lexicalmeaningand_______meaning.

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grammatical

Bycomponentialanalysis,BECOME(x,(-ALIVE(x)))isanexplanationof_______.

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die

Allthewordsinalanguagecanbeusedtorefer,butonlysomehavesenses.

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我的答案：錯(cuò)

Thewordslikecomsatandsitcomareformedby__________.

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blending

Theword:“carelessness”consistsofafree______“care”,anaffix”less”,andanaffix“ness”.

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morpheme

Boundmorphemesdonotinclude________.

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words

Whichtwotermscanbestdescribethefollowingpairsofwords:(table—tables,day+break—daybreak).

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inflectionandcompound

“Alive”and“dead”are______________.

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complementaryantonyms

Therearedifferenttypesofaffixesormorphemes.Theaffix"-ed"intheword"learned"isknownasa(n)________.

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inflectionalmorpheme

Morphemesthatrepresenttense,number,genderandcasearecalled__________morpheme.

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inflectional

Thewordof"impossibility"containsfourmorphemes.

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錯(cuò)

Thestemofdisagreementsis__________.

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disagreement

Theword“railway”and“railroad”are_____.

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dialectalsynonyms

Thespeechsoundswehearandproduceduringlinguisticcommunicationsareallphonemes.

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錯(cuò)

Humanlanguageisarbitrary.Thisreferstothefactthatthereisnologicalorintrinsicconnectionbetweenaparticularsoundandthe_______itisassociatedwith.

（人大2007研）

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meaning

Humanlanguagesenabletheiruserstosymbolizeobjects,eventsandconceptswhicharenotpresent(intimeandspace)atthemomentofcommunication.Thisqualityislabeledas_______.

（北二外2003研）

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displacement

Bydualityismeantthepropertyofhavingtwolevelsofstructures,suchthatunitsofthe_______levelarecomposedofelementsofthe__________levelandeachofthetwolevelshasitsownprinciplesoforganization.

（北二外2006研）

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primary###secondary

Theterm________originatesfromMalinowski'sstudyofthefunctionsoflanguageperformedbyTrobriandIslanders.Itreferstothesocialinteractionoflanguage.

（中山大學(xué)2006研）

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phaticcommunication

Hallidayproposesatheoryofmetafunctionsoflanguage,thatis,languagehas________,interpersonalandtextualfunctions.

（中山大學(xué)2008研）

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ideational

Ourlanguagecanbeusedtotalkaboutitself.Thisisthe________functionoflanguage.

（中山大學(xué)2005研）

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metalingual

Amorphememustconveyalexicalmeaning.

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錯(cuò)

________studieshowthespeechsoundsaremade,transmitted,andreceived,and_______studiestherulesgoverningthestructure,distributionandsequencingofspeechsoundsandtheshapeofsyllables.

（人大2006研）

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phonetics###phonology

Senseandreferencearetwotermsoftenencounteredinthestudyofmeaning.

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對(duì)

Insemantics,meaningoflanguageisconsideredastheintrinsicandinherentrelationtothephysicalworldofexperience.

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我的答案：錯(cuò)

Dialectalsynonymscanoftenbefoundindifferentregi