初中定語從句課件精心完全版

初中定語從句講解定語?Hehasbigeyes.(形容詞)?Sheisagirlwithlonghair.(介詞短語)?Thereisakiteflyinginthesky.(現(xiàn)在分詞)?IboughtabookwrittenbyLuXun.(過去分詞)?Heisastudentwhostudiesabroad.(從句)?Wecandoanythingthatcanbedoneontheearth.(從句)?概念:在復(fù)合句中修飾名詞或代詞的句子.(Attributiveclause)Maryisabeautifulgirl.Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair.形容詞作定語句子作定語,修飾girl,叫做定語從句1.Themanisaworker.2.Themanisspeakingatthemeeting.合并句子:Themanwhoisspeakingatthemeetingisaworker.Themanwholivesnexttousisapoliceman.先行詞______________________關(guān)系詞__定語從句先行詞關(guān)系詞定語從句Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair.關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系副詞which,who,whom,whose,thatWhere,when?關(guān)系詞作用1.代替先行詞;２．它還在定語從句中擔(dān)任一定的成分;3.同時連接先行詞與它引導(dǎo)的定語從句。（把主句和從句連起來）?關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中代替主句中的先行詞，所以它在一般情況下都跟在先行詞之后，而且它的人稱、數(shù)必須和先行詞一致。關(guān)系代詞that,which引導(dǎo)的定語從句:如果先行詞是表示物的名詞或代詞，關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)用that、which.(作主語或賓語)判斷先行詞作主語或賓語Thisisthehousewhichisforsale.Thisisthemistakewhich/thatIalwaysmake.Istillkeeptheletterswhichshewrotetome.Thebookwhichislyingonthefloorismine.Ilostthepenwhichmyfatherboughtme.Thisisadream.Thedreamwillnevercometrue.Thisisadreamwhich/thatwillnevercometrue.Thedoghasbeenfound.Thedogwaslost.Thedogwhich/thatwaslosthasbeenfound.which/that作主語.(不能省略)（作主語）which/that作賓語：（可省略）Thisisthecard.I'vejustreceivedthecard.Thisisthecardwhich/thatI'vejustreceived.()（作賓語可省略）Thisisthemistakewhich/thatIalwaysmake.Istillkeeptheletterswhich/thatshewrotetome.Ilostthepenwhich/thatmyfatherboughtme.ThisisthemistakeIalwaysmake.Istillkeepthelettersshewrotetome.Ilostthepenmyfatherboughtme.關(guān)系代詞做賓語可以省略關(guān)系代詞who,that,whom引導(dǎo)的定語從句:如果先行詞是表示人的名詞或代詞，關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)用who,that(作主語或賓語)whom(作賓語)who/that作主語.(不能省)Thisisthefilmstar.ThefilmstarisverypopularinChina.ThisisthefilmstarwhoisverypopularinChina.(作主語)1.TheboywhobrokethewindowiscalledRoy.2.Doyouknowthemanwhospokeatthemeetingyesterday?3.Thegirlwhoiswateringtheflowersismycousin./thatwho/whom/that作賓語：(可省略)Themanisafamouswriter.Hedescribedthemanjustnow.Theman(who/whom/that)hedescribedjustnowisafamouswriter.(作賓語）1.Theboywho/whomI'mlookingforismyfriend.TheboyforwhomI'mlookingismyfriend.(介詞提前只用whom）2.Thethiefhasbeensenttoprison.Thepolicecaughtthethieflastnight.Thethiefwhomthepolicecaughtlastnighthasbeensenttoprison.關(guān)系代詞1.who指人,作主語或賓語(作賓語可省略）Theman(who)Italkedwithisourteacher.Apersonwhostealsthingsiscalledathief.2.whom指人,作賓語(作賓語可省略,如介詞提前則不能省)Theman(whom/who)ItalkedtoisMr.Li.ThemantowhomItalkedisMr.Li.小結(jié)：?that－既可指人，也可指物，作主語，不能省略；作賓語，可以省略。?which－指物，作主語，不能省略；作賓語，可以省略.?who－指人，作主語，不能省略；作賓語，可以省略,（常用whom）注:當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語時,定語從句的謂語動詞單復(fù)數(shù)形式由先行詞定。Matchthetwosentences1.I'mreadingabook.ThebookisaboutBillGates._______________________________________2.Heisateacher.TheteacherteachesusChinese._______________________________________3.Idon'tliketheman.Heissmoking.____________________________________4.Whereisthepicture?Youboughtitlastweek._______________________________________I'mreadingabookthat/whichisaboutBillGates.Heisateacherwho/thatteachesusChinese.Idon'tlikethemanwho/thatissmoking.Whereisthepicturethat/whichyouboughtlastweek?有時只能用that,不用which,常見的情況有六種：1.當(dāng)先行詞是all,any,few,little,none,anything,everything,nothing,everybody,nobody,everyone,noone或被它們修飾時。That'sallthatIknow.IsthereanythingthatIcandoforyou?Heansweredfewquestionsthattheteacherasked.2.當(dāng)先行詞被形容詞最高級或序數(shù)詞修飾時ThatisthemostinterestingbookthatIhaveeverread.ThefirstthingthatIshoulddoistoreviewmylessons.3.當(dāng)先行詞有oneof,theone,或用little,much,few,no,all,some,any,theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast等修飾時。That'stheonlythingthatIcandonow.Thesearetheverywordsthatheused.Isittheonethatyouwant?Ihaven'tgotmuchthatIcanofferyou.4.當(dāng)主句以who或which開頭時，定語從句的關(guān)系詞用that,而不用which或who.Whoisthegirlthatspoketoyoujustnow?Whichisthepenthatyoulost?5.先行詞同時包括人或物時，關(guān)系詞用that.ThemanandhisdogthatIalwaysmeetarestandingbythegate.Icanrememberwellthepersonsandsomepictures(that)Isee.Isthisthelibrary(which/that)youborrowbooksfrom?Isthisthelibraryfromwhichyouborrowbooks?6.which指人/物，作賓語如介詞提前則不能用that)CanyoufindthepenwithwhichIwrotejustnow?1)Thisisthehero(whom)weareproudof.Thisistheheroofwhomweareproud.Thisisthehero(that)weareproudof.2)Theroom(that)Iliveinisverybig.Theroom(which)Iliveinisverybig.TheroominwhichIliveisverybig.關(guān)系代詞與介詞:介詞放在關(guān)系代詞的前面時,介詞賓語只能用which代物,用whom代人。(介詞在末尾時,關(guān)系詞可以省略)whose作定語,表示所屬關(guān)系。Theboyismyclassmate.Theboy'sfatherisapoliceman.Theboywhosefatherisapolicemanismyclassmate.?whose作定語從句的定語.Iknowthegirlwhosemotherisateacher.分解Iknowthegirl.Thegirl'smotherisateacher.作定語?Achild_____parentsaredeadiscalledanorphan(孤兒).?A.whoB.whoseC.who'sD.whichExercise1:用關(guān)系代詞填空1.Theboy____________isplayingping-pongismyclassmate.2.Thee-mail___________Ireceivedyesterdaywasfrommysister.3.Ihatepeople______________talkmuchbutdolittle.4.Thecar_____________myfatherboughtlastmonthisverybeautiful.who/thatwhich/thatwho/thatwhich/that5.Theman______hairiswhiteishisgrandfather.6.Isthereastudent_________fatherisabusinessman?7.Thisisthehousein________wehavelivedfor10years.8.I'veneverheardofthepeopleandthings________youtalkedaboutjustnow.whosewhosewhichthat當(dāng)先行詞同時指人和物時，關(guān)系代詞只能用that.Exercise2.1.Myfatherandhisteachertalkedalotaboutthepersonsandthings______theycouldn'tremember.2.Sayall________youknow.3.Isthereanything______Icandoforyou?thatthatthat當(dāng)先行詞是something,anything,nothing,all等詞時，關(guān)系代詞只能用that.4.Thisisthefirstplay________IhaveseensinceIcamehere.5.Thisisthebestnovel_______Ihaveread.thatthat當(dāng)先行詞被序數(shù)詞，最高級等詞修飾時，關(guān)系代詞只能用that.6.Whoisthegirl_______isstandingunderthetree?7.Whichisthemachine____weusedlastSunday.當(dāng)主句是who或which引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句，而先行詞指人或物時，關(guān)系代詞只能用that.thatthat關(guān)系副詞：when/where/whywhen作時間狀語:Shewillneverforgettheday.Shewasmarriedonthatday.Shewillneverforgetthedaywhen(=onwhich)shewasmarried.Itwastheyear.TheWorldWarIbrokeoutintheyear.Itwastheyearwhen(=inwhich)theWorldWarIbrokeout.When=介詞+whichwhere作地點狀語Iwanttoknowtheplace.Iwasbornthere.Iwanttoknowtheplacewhere(=inwhich)Iwasborn.Thetablewhere(=atwhich)sheissittingisanewone.where=介詞+whichwhy作原因狀語,其先行詞常常是thereason.Thatisthereasonwhy(=forwhich)I'mlate.Iknowthereasonwhyhesaidit.why=forwhichExercise?1.October1,1949istheday_____thePRCwasfounded.A.whichB.whenC.thatD.onthat?2.Isthatthereason_____youarefortheplan.whichB.whatC.whyD.forthat?3.October1,1949istheday_____thePRCwasfounded.?A.whichB.whenC.thatD.onthat?4.Isthistheplace______youwereborn??A.whichB.whereC.whatD.that?1.Isthistheplace______youwereborn??A.whichB.whereC.whatD.that?2.Isthistheplace______someGermanfriendsvisitedlastyear??A.whichB.whereC.whatD.why?3.Thehouse_______thefamouswriterwrotehisworksisamuseumnow.?A.whichB.whereC.whatD.that?4.Thehouse_______thefamouswriterboughtmanyyearsagoisamuseumnow.?A.thatB.whereC.whatD.why?5.Hetoldherthereason____whyheisunhappy,butshedoesn'tbelievethereason______hegivesher.?A.why;why?B.why;which?C.that;why?D.which;why【例1】Thenecklace_____yougavemeformybirthday.A.whoB.whereC.whichD.what?典型例題解析C【例2】Pollywasthethief_______stoleMum'snecklace.A.whoB.whereC.whichD.whatA【例3】Theone_________hegavemeisblack.A.whoB.thatC.whichD.whatB【例6】ThisisthemostinterestingstoryIhaveheardof.A.whichB.thatC.whoD.what【例4】Theone_________oneathousanddollarsturnedouttobefalse.A.whichcostB.whichspendC.thatcostD.thatspend?典型例題解析C【例5】ThisisthefirstarticlehehaswritteninEnglish.A.whichB.thatC.whoD.whatBBⅠ.單項選擇1.Thereisnothing_________Icando.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.what2.Doyouknowtheman_________iswearingglasses?A.whoB.whichC.whatD.where3.Theboy_________isplayingfootballismybrother.A.whichB.whoC.whatD.where4.I'llneverforgettheday_________Ifirstmether.A.whatB.whoC.whichD.when5.Ican'tfindthebook_________mymotherboughtme.A.whoB.whenC.whichD.what?課時訓(xùn)練(A)(A)(B)(D)(C)?課時訓(xùn)練6.Thefilm________Isawyesterdaywasveryinteresting.A.whoB.whenC.whatD.that7.Thisisthepan_________Iheatthemilk.A.whichB.whereC.withwhichD.inwhich8.Isthereanything_________Icanhelpyou?A.thatB.whichC.whoD.what9.All____isneededisafewhandstohelpwiththework.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.things10.Isthisthefactory_________youwishtovisit?A.thatB.whereC.whenD.what(D)(D)(A)(B)(A)11.I'mreadingabook_________iswrittenbyLuxun.A.whichB.whoC.whatD.when12.Iliketheteacher_________gaveusatalklastweek.A.whoB.whichC.whenD.where13.Thisisoneofthebeautifulmountains_________Ihaveseenbefore.A.whichB.whoC.whatD.that14.After20yearshewentbacktothecity_________heusedtolive.A.whereB.whenC.whatD.how15.MrGreenisonlyoneofthoseforeigners_________isworkinginChina.A.thatB.whichC.whomD.whose?課時訓(xùn)練(A)(A)(D)(A)(A)16.Mynecklaceisnottheonlything________ismissing.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.where17.Ihatepeople________talkedmuchbutdoA.who，fewB.that，fewC.which，littleD.who，little18.I'llshootanyone_________moves.A.whichB.whenC.whereD.who19.Idon'tknowthereason_____hewaslatethismorning.A.whatB.whenC.whyD.who20.Wearelookingforathief_____parrotsandnecklaces.A.wholikestealingB.wholikesstealingC.thatliketostealD.whichlikestosteal?課時訓(xùn)練(B)(D)(D)(B)(C)Ⅱ.句型轉(zhuǎn)換1.Doyouknowtheman?Themanispickingupthewastepaper.(改為含有定語從句的句子)Doyouknowtheman_____________upthewastepaper.2.Ilikebooks.ThebooksarewrittenbyCharlesDickens.(改為含有定語從句的句子)Ilikebooks_____________writtenbyCharlesDickens.3.Iwanttomakefriendswiththepeoplearekindtooldpeople.(改為含有定語從句的句子)Iwanttoma