2023年考研考博考博英語(yǔ)通用考博英語(yǔ)考試高頻考點(diǎn)參考題庫(kù)帶答案

2023年考研考博考博英語(yǔ)通用考博英語(yǔ)考試高頻考點(diǎn)參考題庫(kù)帶答案（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）答案解析附后第1卷一.綜合題(共20題)1.單選題IthinkImustbecomingdownwithflubecauseI’vebeenfeeling（）allday.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.wretchedB.worriedC.wreckedD.wicked2.單選題Don’t（meddle）inmyaffairs,andinfactIcanhandlethemproperlybymyself.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.interfereB.interestC.involveD.attend3.單選題Theirreflexivemindsettellsscientiststhatallclaims,（）political,moral,orreligious,areopentoexaminationandcritique.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.betheyB.howevertheyareC.nomattertheyareD.whethertheybe4.單選題Ithadhappened[A]toooftenthatthefarmerssoldtheirwheatsoonafterharvestwhenfarmdebtswerecomingdue,[B]onlytoseepricesrisingandspeculatorsgettingrich.Onvariousoccasions,producergroups[C]askedfirmercontrol,butthegovernmenthadnowishtobecomeinvolved,[D]atleastnotuntilwartimewhenwheatpricesthreatenedtorunwild.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.toooftenB.onlytoseeC.askedfirmercontrolD.atleastnotuntil5.單選題Withmorethan150milesofvirtuallynowaterfallsorrapids,theHudsonRiverextendsinlandfrom（

）,theAtlanticOcean.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.thesourceofB.whereitssourceC.itssourceD.fromwhichitssourceis6.單選題Questions16to18arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.Itignoredthefactthatemotionsarepersonalandsubjective.B.Itoverlookedthepossibilitythatemotionsmaybecontrolled.C.Itmeasuredpositiveandnegativeemotionsindependently.D.Itclassifiedemotionssimplyaseitherpositiveornegative.問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)A.Sittingalonewithoutdoinganythingseemedreallydistressing.B.Solitudehadareductiveeffectonhigh-arousalemotions.C.Sittingalonefor15minutesmadetheparticipantsrestless.D.Solitudeadverselyaffectedtheparticipants’mentalwell-being.問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)A.Ittendedtointensifynegativeemotions.B.Itprovedhardtodepictobjectively.C.Itwenthandinhandwithsadness.D.Ithelpedincreaselow-arousalemotions.7.單選題Hehasneverworriedabouthispropertiesbecausehehas（）themagainstdisastersandtheft.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.assuredB.ensuredC.insuredD.secured8.單選題Questions5to8arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.Theycanpredictfutureevents.B.Theyhavenospecialmeanings.C.Theyhaveculturalconnotations.D.Theycannotbeeasilyexplained.問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)A.Itwascanceledduetobadweather.B.Sheoversleptandmissedtheflight.C.Shedreamedofaplanecrash.D.Itwaspostponedtothefollowingday.問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)A.Theycanbeaffectedbypeople’schildhoodexperiences.B.Theymaysometimesseemridiculoustoarationalmind.C.Theyusuallyresultfrompeople’sunpleasantmemories.D.Theycanhaveanimpactasgreatasrationalthinking.問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)A.Theycallforscientificmethodstointerpret.B.Theymirrortheirlong-cherishedwishes.C.Theyreflecttheircomplicatedemotions.D.Theyareoftenrelatedtoirrationalfeelings.9.單選題Rightinthemiddleofthemayor'sspeechthatbroughtforthvariousreasonsfortherecentsharpriseinprices,anangryvoicewasheardinthecrowd,“thegovernment（

）hanged!”問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.isB.wasC.beD.were10.單選題Questions5to8arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.TheyworkindifferentfieldsofAItechnology.B.TheydisagreeaboutthefutureofAItechnology.C.Theydiffergreatlyintheirknowledgeofmoderntechnology.D.Theyarebothworriedaboutthenegativeimpactoftechnology.問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)A.SimplywritingAIsoftware.B.Stimulatingandmotivating.C.Lesstime-consumingandfocusingoncreation.D.Moredemandingandrequiringspecialtraining.問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)A.Therecouldbejobsnobodywantstodo.B.Digitallifecouldreplacehumancivilization.C.Humanswouldbetiredofcommunicatingwithoneanother.D.Oldpeoplewouldbetakencareofsolelybyunfeelingrobots.問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)A.Lifewillbecomelikeasciencefictionfilm.B.Itwilltakeawayhumans’jobsaltogether.C.Chipswillbeinsertedinhumanbrains.D.Itwillbesmarterthanhumanbeings.11.單選題Questions23to25arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.Theycan’tbesolvedwithoutgovernmentsupport.B.Theyareeasytosolvewithmoderntechnology.C.Theyhavenotbeenexaminedindetailsofar.D.Theyarisefromtheadvancesintechnology.問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)A.Itisintenselycompetitive.B.Itfocusesonnewproducts.C.Itdemandshugeinvestment.D.Itisattractivetoentrepreneurs.問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)A.Cooperationwithbigcompanies.B.Sharingofcostswitheachother.C.Recruitingmorequalifiedstaff.D.In-servicetrainingofITpersonnel.12.單選題

InsomeAfricancountries，thecostoftreatinganAIDSpatientmay（

）hisorherentireannualincome.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.exploitB.expelC.expireD.exceed13.單選題Questions1to4arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.Featureseditor.B.Magazinereporter.C.Websitedesigner.D.Fashiondesigner.問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)A.Designingsportsclothing.B.Answeringdailyemails.C.Consultingfashionexperts.D.Interviewingjob-seekers.問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)A.Itisfascinating.B.Itischallenging.C.Itistiresome.D.Itisfashionable.問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)A.Herconfidence.B.Herexperience.C.Hercompetence.D.Herpersistence.14.單選題Whenapersondies,hisdebtsmustbepaidbeforehis（）canbedistributed.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.paradoxesB.legaciesC.platitudesD.analogies15.單選題Questions12to15arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.Hefoundtherehadbeenlittleresearchontheirlanguage.B.HewastryingtopreservethelanguagesoftheIndiantribes.C.Hiscontactwithasocialworkerhadgreatlyarousedhisinterestinthetribe.D.HismeetingwithGonzalezhadmadehimeagertolearnmoreaboutthetribe.問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)A.HetaughtCopelandtospeaktheTarahumaraslanguage.B.HepersuadedtheTarahumarastoacceptCopeland’sgifts.C.Herecommendedoneofhisbestfriendsasaninterpreter.D.HeactedasanintermediarybetweenCopelandandthevillagers.問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)A.Unpredictable.B.Unjustifiable.C.Laborious.D.Tedious.問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)A.Theirappreciationofhelpfromtheoutsiders.B.Theirsenseofsharingandcaring.C.Theirreadinesstoadapttotechnology.D.Theirbeliefincreatingwealthforthemselves.16.單選題HistorianssuchasLeRoyLadurichaveusedthedocumentstoextractcasehistories,whichhave（）theattitudesofdifferentsocialgroupsandhaverevealedhowtheauthoritiesadministeredjustice.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.laminatedB.ruminatedC.illuminatedD.eliminated17.單選題There（

）nootherChineseinthetown,hewascalledbyallthepeopletheresimplyas“theChinese”.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.havingB.beingC.havingbeenD.been18.單選題Whenrequiredbytheirparentstoeatgreenvegetablesmanychildrenonlydoso（reluctantly）.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.intimatelyB.impatientlyC.unwillinglyD.unknowingly19.單選題Topleasenoone[A]Iwillprescribeadeadlydrug,[B]norgiveadvicewhichmaycausehisdeath.[C]NorwillIgive[D]awomanapessarytoprocureabortion.ButIwillpreservethepurityofmylifeandmyart.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.IwillprescribeB.norgiveadviceC.NorwillID.awoman20.單選題Onlyapersonwithapairofkeeneyescouldpickoutthose（）paintingsfromtheseunwantedmaterials.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.valuelessB.worthlessC.pricelessD.featureless第1卷參考答案一.綜合題1.【答案】C【解析】考查形容詞辨析。wretched“可憐的，卑鄙的”；worried“擔(dān)心的”；wrecked“失事的；迷幻的”；wicked“邪惡的，惡劣的，不道德的”。句意：我覺(jué)得我染上流感了，因?yàn)槲艺旄杏X(jué)不舒服。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。2.【答案】A【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。meddle表示“干涉，管閑事”；A項(xiàng)interfere“干涉，妨礙”，B項(xiàng)interest“感興趣”，C項(xiàng)involve“包含，牽涉”，D項(xiàng)attend“參加”。句意：不要干涉我的事情，事實(shí)上我自己能處理得很好。根據(jù)句意可知，該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。3.【答案】A【解析】語(yǔ)法知識(shí)題。本題考查讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。whether和nomatter都可以引導(dǎo)。選項(xiàng)C不能和or搭配，選項(xiàng)D為虛擬語(yǔ)氣，選項(xiàng)A符合題意。4.【答案】C【解析】考查固定搭配。C選項(xiàng)處應(yīng)表示“要求更嚴(yán)格的控制”，而只有askfor才表示“要求，請(qǐng)求”。應(yīng)將asked改為askedfor。5.【答案】C【解析】語(yǔ)法（同位語(yǔ)）題。分析題干可知，空格后的theAtlanticOcean是空格的同位語(yǔ)，所以排除A選項(xiàng)和D選項(xiàng);B選項(xiàng)的its為物主代詞，與后面的名詞source構(gòu)成主語(yǔ)，那就缺少謂語(yǔ)成分，所以B選項(xiàng)排除，所以答案為C選項(xiàng)。6.【答案】第1題:D第2題:B第3題:D【解析】RecordingOnePsychologyresearchhastendedtoportraysolitudeasanegativeexperience.Studiesconductedinthe1970sand1990ssuggestedthatpeoplefeltlesshappywhenalone,ascomparedtobeingwithothers.However,anewpapershowsanalternativeviewofsolitude,oneinwhichsolitudecanbepositive.Let’sstartbylookingattheearlierresearch.Ithadacoupleofshortcomings.First,itmeasuredemotiononascalefrompositivetonegative,overlookingthepossibilitythatthepositiveandnegativeemotionscanfluctuateindependently.[16]Also,itcategorizedemotionsassimplypositiveornegative.Itdidn’tconsiderthatemotionsarousedustodifferentdegrees,andthatbothpositiveandnegativeemotionscanarouseusalotoralittle.Thatis,whetherpositiveornegative,emotionscanbeeitherhigharousalorlowarousal.Higharousalemotionsincludeexcitementonthepositivesideorangeronthenegativeside,whilelowarousalonesincludefeelingcalmonthepositivesideorlonelyonthenegative.Thisnewresearchattemptedtoovercometheseshortcomings.Researchersbeganwithasimplestudy.Theyaskedparticipantstospend15minutessittingalonewithoutengaginginanyactivityandmeasuredhowthissolitudeinfluencedtheiremotionalstate.[17]Thisexperimentspecificallyaimedtodeterminetheeffectofsolitudeonhigharousalemotions.Itlookedatpositiveemotionssuchasbeingexcitedorinterested,andnegativeemotions,includingbeingscaredordistressed.Theresultswereclear.[17]After15minutesofsolitude，theparticipantsshowedreductionsinbothtypesofemotion.Asecondstudymeasuredtheeffectsofsolitudeonlowarousalemotions.Theseincludedbothpositiveandnegativeemotionssuchasfeelingcalm,relaxed,sadorlonely.[18]Thatexperimentfoundthatalloftheseemotionswereincreasedbytimealone.Thus,itseemspastdepictionsofsolitudewerewrong.Itdoesn’thaveasimpleemotionaleffectthatcanbecharacterizedasgoodorbad.Rather,itchangestheintensityofourinnerexperience.Itamplifiesquieteremotions.Butitdiminishestheintensityofstrongerfeelings.It’sworthclarifyingthatthesefindingsrelatetorelativelybriefperiodsofsolitude.Thisisdistinctfromprolongedloneliness.Researchhasdemonstratedthatthelatteriscorrelatedwithanassortmentofnegativephysicalandpsychologicaleffects.Howcanpeoplebenefitfrombeingalone?Thefindingsheresuggestthatpeoplecanusesolitudetoregulatetheiremotions.Solitudecanhelpusbecomequietafterexcitement,calmafteranangryepisode,orsimplyfeelatpeace.16.Whatisoneofthecriticismsdirectedattheearlyresearchonsolitude?【試題答案】D【試題解析】題目問(wèn)關(guān)于“獨(dú)處”的早期研究受到何種批評(píng)？錄音說(shuō)，早期的研究存在幾個(gè)缺點(diǎn)，其中包括把情緒簡(jiǎn)單地分為積極的和消極的（categorizedemotionsassimplypositiveornegative），D選項(xiàng)中的classified是對(duì)錄音原文中categorized的同義替換，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。A選項(xiàng)“它忽略了情緒是個(gè)人的和主觀的事實(shí)”和B項(xiàng)“它忽略了情緒可以被控制的可能性”在錄音中均沒(méi)有信息提及；C選項(xiàng)“它獨(dú)立測(cè)量積極情緒和消極情緒”主要利用measured和independently設(shè)置干擾，錄音說(shuō)的是，早期調(diào)查在從積極到消極的范圍內(nèi)衡量情緒，忽略了積極和消極情緒可以獨(dú)立波動(dòng)的可能性。選項(xiàng)與之表述不相符，因此排除。17.Whatdowelearnabouttheresultsofthenewresearch?【試題答案】B【試題解析】題目問(wèn)我們可以知道哪些關(guān)于新研究的結(jié)果？錄音提到，新研究是為了確定獨(dú)處對(duì)高喚起度情緒的影響，而參與實(shí)驗(yàn)的人經(jīng)過(guò)15分鐘的獨(dú)處后，他們的積極與消極兩方面的高喚起度情緒都有所減緩（reductionsinbothtypesofemotion），B選項(xiàng)中的reductive與錄音原文中的reductions是同根詞，都表示“減少，減緩”的意思，因此B選項(xiàng)“獨(dú)處對(duì)高喚起度情緒有減緩作用”正確。A選項(xiàng)“一個(gè)人無(wú)所事事地坐著似乎很苦惱”和C選項(xiàng)“獨(dú)自坐15分鐘使參與者焦躁不安”在錄音中均沒(méi)有信息提及；D選項(xiàng)“獨(dú)處會(huì)對(duì)參與者的心理健康產(chǎn)生不利影響”，主要錯(cuò)在缺乏對(duì)獨(dú)處的修飾詞，錄音中說(shuō)的是長(zhǎng)期的孤獨(dú)與負(fù)面的生理和心理影響相關(guān)，而短暫的獨(dú)處不會(huì)，因此D選項(xiàng)屬于以偏概全，表述不正確。18.Whatdidthesecondexperimentinthenewresearchfindaboutsolitude?【試題答案】D【試題解析】題目問(wèn)新研究的第二個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)有何發(fā)現(xiàn)？第二個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)測(cè)量了獨(dú)處對(duì)低喚起度情緒的影響，并且發(fā)現(xiàn)所有這些情緒都會(huì)隨著時(shí)間的推移而增加。D選項(xiàng)“它有助于增強(qiáng)低喚起度情緒”與原文表述相符，因此正確。A選項(xiàng)“它往往會(huì)使負(fù)面情緒加劇”，這些情緒包括積極和消極的情緒，如平靜、放松、悲傷或孤獨(dú)。因此A選項(xiàng)不正確；B選項(xiàng)“事實(shí)證明很難客觀描述它”，錄音提到，獨(dú)處改變內(nèi)在感受的強(qiáng)度，對(duì)強(qiáng)烈感覺(jué)有安撫作用，這正是描述了獨(dú)處產(chǎn)生的影響，因此B選項(xiàng)也不正確；C選項(xiàng)“它與悲傷密切相關(guān)”在錄音中沒(méi)有信息提及，因此排除。7.【答案】C【解析】形近詞辨析。根據(jù)句意可知，這里指投保。只有選項(xiàng)C表示投保，所以正確。8.【答案】第1題:B第2題:C第3題:D第4題:C【解析】ConversationTwoM:[5]Doyouthinkdreamshavespecialmeanings?W:[5]No,Idon’tthinktheydo.M:[5]Idon’teither.Butsomepeopledo.Iwouldsaypeoplewhobelievethatdreamshavespecialmeaningsaresuperstitious,especiallynowadays.Inthepast,duringthetimesofancientEgypt,GreeceorChina,peopleusedtobelievethatdreamscouldforeseethefuture.Buttoday,withallthescientificknowledgethatwehave,Ithinkit’smuchhardertobelieveinthesesortsofthings.W:Mygrandmotherissuperstitious,andshethinksdreamscanpredictthefuture.[6]Onceshedreamedthattheflightshewasduetotakethefollowingdaycrashed.Canyouguesswhatshedid?Shedidn’ttakethatflight.Shedidn’tevenbothertogototheairportthefollowingday.Insteadshetookthesameflight,butaweeklater,andeverythingwasfine,ofcourse.Noplaneevercrashed.M:Howfunny!Didyouknowthatflyingisactuallysaferthananyothermodeoftransport?It’sbeenstatisticallyproven.Peoplecanbesoirrationalsometimes.W:Yes,absolutely.Butevenifwethinkthey’reridiculous,[7]emotionscanbejustaspowerfulasrationalthinking.M:Exactly,peopledoallsortsofcrazythingsbecauseoftheirirrationalfeelings,butinfact,somepsychologistsbelievethatourdreamsaretheresultofouremotionsandmemoriesfromthatday.IthinkitwasSigmundFreudwhosaidthatchildren’sdreamswereusuallysimplerepresentationsoftheirwishes—thingstheywishedwouldhappen.Butinadults,[8]dreamsaremuchmorecomplicatedreflectionsoftheirmoresophisticatedsentiments.W:Isn’titinterestinghowpsychologiststrytounderstandusingthescientificmethodsomethingasbizarreasdreams?Psychologyisliketherationalstudyofirrationalfeelings.5.Whatdobothspeakersthinkofdreams?【試題答案】B【試題解析】題目問(wèn)的是兩位說(shuō)話者對(duì)夢(mèng)的看法。對(duì)話開(kāi)頭，男士詢問(wèn)女士是否認(rèn)為夢(mèng)具有特殊意義，女士給出否定回答，接著男士說(shuō)“我也不這么認(rèn)為”，表明他與女士看法一致，因此B選項(xiàng)“它們沒(méi)有特殊意義”符合錄音原文。A選項(xiàng)“它們能夠預(yù)測(cè)未來(lái)發(fā)生的事情”，這是古埃及、古希臘和中國(guó)古代的人們的看法，并不是說(shuō)話者的看法，因此不正確；C選項(xiàng)“它們蘊(yùn)含著文化意義”和D選項(xiàng)“它們很難解釋”在錄音中均未提及。6.Whydidn’tthewoman’sgrandmothertakeherscheduledflight?【試題答案】C【試題解析】題目問(wèn)為什么這位女士的祖母沒(méi)有乘坐她預(yù)定的航班？錄音中女士提及她的祖母相信夢(mèng)可以預(yù)測(cè)未來(lái)，有一次因?yàn)閴?mèng)見(jiàn)自己第二天要乘坐的飛機(jī)墜毀了（theflight...crashed），她就沒(méi)有坐那趟航班，甚至連機(jī)場(chǎng)也沒(méi)去。C選項(xiàng)“她夢(mèng)見(jiàn)飛機(jī)失事”是錄音原文的同義表達(dá)，因此正確。A選項(xiàng)“由于天氣不好取消了”；B選項(xiàng)“她睡過(guò)頭，錯(cuò)過(guò)了航班”和D選項(xiàng)“推遲到了第二天”在錄音中均未提及，因此可排除。7.Whatdoesthewomansayaboutpeople’semotions?【試題答案】D【試題解析】題目問(wèn)的是女士關(guān)于人的情緒的看法。錄音中女士提及即使人們有時(shí)候很荒唐，但情緒的力量并不亞于理性思考。D選項(xiàng)“它們的影響力不亞于理性思考”是錄音原文的同義表述，因此正確。A選項(xiàng)“它們會(huì)受到人們童年經(jīng)歷的影響”和C選項(xiàng)“它們通常是由人們不愉快的記憶引起的”在錄音中均沒(méi)有信息提及，因此排除；B選項(xiàng)“相比于理性思維，它們有時(shí)會(huì)顯得很可笑”，雖然是女士說(shuō)的，但這是女士對(duì)男士的上一句話“人們有時(shí)會(huì)很不理智”表示贊同，并且著重想強(qiáng)調(diào)的還是后半部分：情緒的力量并不亞于理性思考，因此B選項(xiàng)也不選。8.WhatdidpsychologistSigmundFreudsayaboutadults’dreams?【試題答案】C【試題解析】題目問(wèn)心理學(xué)家弗洛伊德對(duì)成人的夢(mèng)的看法。男士提到，弗洛伊德將兒童的夢(mèng)與成人的夢(mèng)進(jìn)行了對(duì)比闡釋，認(rèn)為成人的夢(mèng)更為復(fù)雜，反映了他們復(fù)雜的情感。C選項(xiàng)“反映了他們復(fù)雜的情感”是錄音原文的復(fù)現(xiàn)，因此正確。A選項(xiàng)“它們需要用科學(xué)的方法來(lái)闡釋”，利用錄音中出現(xiàn)的thescientificmethod設(shè)置的干擾，這并不是弗洛伊德的看法，所以排除；B選項(xiàng)“反映了他們長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)的愿望”，這是弗洛伊德對(duì)兒童的夢(mèng)的看法，不是成人的夢(mèng)，因此排除；D選項(xiàng)“它們通常與非理性情緒相關(guān)”，利用錄音中的irrationalfeelings設(shè)置干擾，這是男士的個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)，與弗洛伊德的看法無(wú)關(guān)，因此也不選。9.【答案】C【解析】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。句意：在市長(zhǎng)的演講期間，他提出了價(jià)格最近急劇上漲的原因。人群中傳來(lái)憤怒的聲音：“政府應(yīng)該被絞死”。此處考查的是省略了should的虛擬語(yǔ)氣,因此后面要用be，選項(xiàng)C符合題意。10.【答案】第1題:B第2題:C第3題:B第4題:D【解析】ConversationTwoW:[5]Howdoyoufeelaboutthefutureofartificialintelligence?Personally,Ifeelquiteoptimisticaboutit.M:[5]AI?I’mnotsooptimisticactually.Infact,it’ssomethingweshouldbeconcernedabout.W:Well,itwillhelpushumansunderstandourselvesbetter,andwhenwehaveabetterunderstandingofourselves,wecanimprovetheworld.M:Well,onethingisforsure,technologyisevolvingfasterthanourabilitytounderstandit,andinthefutureAIwillmakejobskindofpointless.W:[6]Ithinkartificialintelligencewillactuallyhelpcreatenewkindsofjobswhichwouldrequirelessofourtimeandallowustobecenteredoncreativetasks.M:Idoubtthatverymuch.ProbablythelastjobthatwillremainwouldbewritingAIsoftware.Andtheneventually,AIwilljustwriteitsownsoftware.W:Atthattime,we’regoingtohavealotofjobswhichnobodywillwanttodo,sowe’llneedartificialintelligencefortherobotstotakecareoftheoldguyslikeus.M:Idon’tknow.[7]There’sariskthathumancivilizationcouldbereplacedbyasuperiortypeofdigitallife.AIwillbeabletocompletelysimulateapersonineverywaypossible.Infact,somepeoplethinkwe’reinasimulation,rightnow.W:That’simpossible.Humanscan’tevenmakeamosquito.Computersonlyhavechips.Peoplehavebrains,andthat’swherethewisdomcomesfrom.M:Onceit’sfullydeveloped,AIwillbecometiredoftryingtocommunicatewithhumans,aswewouldbemuchslowerthinkersincomparison.W:I’mnotsosure.Acomputerisacomputer,andacomputerisjustatoy.M:[8]Computerscaneasilycommunicateincrediblyfast,sothecomputerwilljustgetimpatienttalkingtohumans.It’llbebarelygettinganyinformationout.W:Well,Ibelievethere’sabenevolentfuturewithAI.Ialsothinkyouwatchtoomanysciencefictionfilms.5.Whatdowelearnaboutthespeakersfromtheconversation?【試題答案】B【試題解析】題目問(wèn)從對(duì)話中我們可以了解到關(guān)于說(shuō)話人的哪些信息？根據(jù)錄音原文可知，男士和女士就人工智能的未來(lái)展開(kāi)討論，并且雙方持不同的觀點(diǎn)，女士持樂(lè)觀的態(tài)度，男士則與之相反，并且表示擔(dān)憂。由此可知，B選項(xiàng)“他們對(duì)人工智能技術(shù)的未來(lái)意見(jiàn)不一”正確。A選項(xiàng)“他們都在人工智能技術(shù)的不同領(lǐng)域工作”這一信息在錄音中沒(méi)有信息提及；C選項(xiàng)“他們?cè)诂F(xiàn)代技術(shù)方面的認(rèn)識(shí)差別很大”，表述過(guò)于寬泛，錄音中只提到人工智能領(lǐng)域，并沒(méi)有涉及其他現(xiàn)代技術(shù)，因此C選項(xiàng)不正確；D選項(xiàng)“他們都擔(dān)心技術(shù)的負(fù)面影響”，錄音中只有男士對(duì)此是擔(dān)憂的，女士是持樂(lè)觀的態(tài)度，因此，D選項(xiàng)不正確。6.Whatwillnewkindsofjobsbelike,accordingtothewoman?【試題答案】C【試題解析】題目問(wèn)根據(jù)女士的說(shuō)法，新型的工作會(huì)是什么樣的？女士認(rèn)為人工智能將有助于創(chuàng)造新型的工作，這些工作將占用人們更少的時(shí)間，讓人們集中精力去做創(chuàng)造性的工作，C選項(xiàng)“花費(fèi)的時(shí)間更少且專注于創(chuàng)造”與錄音原文的意思表述一致，因此正確。A選項(xiàng)“僅僅需要編寫(xiě)人工智能軟件”不屬于女士的觀點(diǎn)，因此排除；B選項(xiàng)“有趣又能激勵(lì)人心的”和D選項(xiàng)“要求更高且需要特殊培訓(xùn)的”在錄音原文中均未提及，因此排除。7.Whatistheriskthemananticipates?【試題答案】B【試題解析】題目問(wèn)男士預(yù)期會(huì)出現(xiàn)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)是什么？女士提出未來(lái)會(huì)出現(xiàn)很多沒(méi)人愿意做的工作，所以需要人工智能機(jī)器人來(lái)幫我們做。對(duì)于這一點(diǎn)，男士表示懷疑，認(rèn)為這樣的話，人類文明可能會(huì)被一種先進(jìn)的數(shù)字生活方式所取代，B選項(xiàng)“數(shù)字生活可能會(huì)取代人類文明”是對(duì)錄音原文的轉(zhuǎn)述，因此正確。A選項(xiàng)“可能會(huì)有沒(méi)人愿意做的工作”是女士提出的觀點(diǎn)，與男士無(wú)關(guān)，因此排除；C選項(xiàng)“人類會(huì)厭倦彼此交流”，錄音中說(shuō)的是，一旦人工智能發(fā)展完善，將會(huì)厭倦與人類交流，并不是人類厭倦彼此交流，屬于偷換概念。D選項(xiàng)“老年人將只能由沒(méi)有感情的機(jī)器人來(lái)照顧”，錄音中女士說(shuō)的是：我們需要人工智能讓機(jī)器人來(lái)照顧我們這些年老的人，選項(xiàng)意思與錄音原文不符，并且不屬于男士的看法，因此也可排除。8.Whatistheman’sconcernaboutAItechnology?【試題答案】D【試題解析】題目問(wèn)男士對(duì)人工智能技術(shù)有什么顧慮？在對(duì)話的最后，男士說(shuō)道，計(jì)算機(jī)很容易就能以驚人的速度進(jìn)行通信，所以未來(lái)計(jì)算機(jī)與人類交流時(shí)，只會(huì)失去耐心，這樣的話，人類幾乎不可能從中獲取任何信息。由此可知，男士認(rèn)為以計(jì)算機(jī)為依托的人工智能可能在未來(lái)超越人類的智慧，沒(méi)有耐心與人類交流，D選項(xiàng)“它將比人類更聰明”是對(duì)錄音原文的概括，因此正確。A選項(xiàng)“生活會(huì)變得像科幻電影”利用錄音最后的sciencefictionfilm設(shè)置干擾，與原文表述不符，因此排除；B選項(xiàng)“它將徹底奪走人類的工作”，雖然在原文中能找到相關(guān)信息，但這只是表面信息，男士的顧慮歸根結(jié)底還是因?yàn)槿斯ぶ悄艿陌l(fā)展可能會(huì)超越人類的智慧，因此B選項(xiàng)不準(zhǔn)確；C選項(xiàng)“人類的大腦將會(huì)被植入芯片”在錄音中沒(méi)有信息提及，因此排除。11.【答案】第1題:D第2題:A第3題:B【解析】RecordingThreeWelcometothethirdlectureinourseriesonthefutureofsmallbusinessesinEurope.Thepurposeoftoday’slecture,asyouhaveseenfromthetitleandtheabstract,[23]istoexamineinmoredetailtheproblemsfacingsmallandmedium-sizedenterpriseswhichariseatleastinpartfromhavingtoadapttorapidadvancesintechnology.AndIwanttolookatthesebothfromafinancialandfromapersonnelpointofviewandtoofferafewhopefullyeffectivesolutions.HerewehavethreeofthemostimportantproblemsfacingsmallbusinessesthatIwanttolookattoday.First,keepingupwiththepaceoftechnologicalchange,recruitinghighqualitystaffinatimeofskillsshortagesinITasawholeandinahighlycompetitivemarket,andtheissueofretainingstaffoncethey’vebeenrecruitedandtrained.Now,alloftheseproblemsinvolvesignificantcostsforallbusinesses.Buttheyareparticularlychallengingissueforsmallandmedium-sizedenterprises.Andthosecostswouldvarydependingonthesizeandscaleofthebusinesses.Solet’scometothefirstissueonourlistwhichiskeepingpacewithdevelopmentsintechnology.[24]Nowweallknowthatthetechnologyindustryisintenselycompetitivewithnewproductsbeinglaunchedallyearroundasthevariouscompaniesstrivetocompetewitheachother,ratherthan,sayonceayearoreverycoupleofyears.Andthisisarealheadacheforsmallerbusinesses.So,let’simaginewehaveasmallcompanywhichisdoingok.It’sjustaboutmakingaprofitanditspendsmostofitsincomeontheoverheads.Soforacompanyinthissituation,keepinguptodatewiththelatesttechnology,evenifit’sonlyforthebenefitofkeystaff,thiscanbehugelyexpensive.Soinmyview,somecreativethinkingneedstocomeinheretofindwaystohelpcompaniesinthissituationtostayaheadinthegame,butatthesametime,toremaintechnologicallycompetitive.Well,there’sapossibilitythatsmallgroupsofcompanieswithsimilarrequirementsbutnotdirectlycompetingwitheachother,[25]theycouldsharethecostofupgradinginmuchthesamewayas,let’ssay,anintranetoperateswithinlargerorganizations.[25]Infact,costsharingcouldbeaverypracticalsolution,especiallyintimesoffinancialdifficulty.Ifthere’sadownwardpressureoncosts,becauseofaneedforinvestmentinotherareas,Iwouldarguethatthisisaperfectlyfeasiblesolution.23.Whatdoesthespeakersayabouttheproblemsfacingsmallandmedium-sizedenterprises?【試題答案】D【試題解析】題目問(wèn)關(guān)于中小企業(yè)面臨的問(wèn)題，說(shuō)話者說(shuō)了什么？本篇講座在開(kāi)頭就提到講座的目的是詳細(xì)分析中小企業(yè)在適應(yīng)技術(shù)的快速進(jìn)步方面所面臨的問(wèn)題。由此可知，中小企業(yè)面臨的問(wèn)題來(lái)源于技術(shù)的進(jìn)步，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。A選項(xiàng)“沒(méi)有政府的支持，問(wèn)題不能解決”和B選項(xiàng)“利用現(xiàn)代科技很容易解決”在錄音中均沒(méi)有信息涉及；C選項(xiàng)“到目前為止，問(wèn)題還沒(méi)有詳細(xì)研究過(guò)”，在這次講座中說(shuō)話者明確分析了中小企業(yè)面臨的三個(gè)問(wèn)題，而且接著展開(kāi)了對(duì)第一個(gè)問(wèn)題的詳細(xì)剖析，因此C選項(xiàng)不正確。24.Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutthetechnologyindustry?【試題答案】A【試題解析】題目問(wèn)關(guān)于科技行業(yè)，說(shuō)話者說(shuō)了什么？說(shuō)話者在說(shuō)跟上科技發(fā)展步伐這個(gè)問(wèn)題時(shí)提到，科技行業(yè)是競(jìng)爭(zhēng)激烈的行業(yè)，各公司相互競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，一年到頭都可能有新產(chǎn)品推出市場(chǎng)。A選項(xiàng)“競(jìng)爭(zhēng)非常激烈”與原文表述一致，因此正確。B選項(xiàng)“專注于新產(chǎn)品”；C選項(xiàng)“它要求巨大的投資”和D選項(xiàng)“它對(duì)企業(yè)家是有吸引力的”在錄音中均沒(méi)有信息提及，均可排除。25.Whatisapracticalsolutiontotheproblemsofsmallandmedium-sizedbusinesses?【試題答案】B【試題解析】題目問(wèn)什么是解決中小企業(yè)問(wèn)題的可行方案？說(shuō)話者最后提到有相似需求和要求的小型企業(yè)，如果相互之間沒(méi)有直接的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)關(guān)系，可嘗試共同分擔(dān)技術(shù)的升級(jí)成本，而這不失為一種實(shí)用的解決方法。因此B選項(xiàng)“互相分?jǐn)偝杀尽闭_。A選項(xiàng)“與大公司合作”和D選項(xiàng)“信息技術(shù)人員的在職培訓(xùn)”在錄音中沒(méi)有信息提及；C選項(xiàng)“招聘更能勝任工作的員工”在錄音中雖有提及，但這是中小型企業(yè)面臨的第二個(gè)問(wèn)題，并非實(shí)際解決中小型企業(yè)問(wèn)題的方法，因此可排除。12.【答案】D【解析】考察形近詞辨析。exploit“剝削，利用”；expel“驅(qū)逐”；expire“期滿；終止”；exceed“超出”。句意：治療費(fèi)用可能會(huì)超出他一年的費(fèi)用。13.【答案】第1題:A第2題:B第3題:A第4題:D【解析】ConversationOneM:[1]TodayourguestisRosieMullenderwhoworksasaFeaturesEditorforFashionmagazine.HiRosie,you’reFeatureseditoratoneofthemostwidelyreadwomen’smagazinesintheU.K.Whatkindofresponsibilitiesdoesthatjobentail?W:Wespendourdayslookingatideasfromjournalists,writingcopyforthemagazineandwebsite,andediting.Wedorandomthingslikeaskingpeopleinthestreetquestionsandtestingsportsclothing.Wealsodolesstangiblethingslikeunderstandingwhatourreaderswant.It’scertainlyvariedandsometimesbizarre.M:Duringyourworkingday,whatkindofworkmightyoutypicallydo?W:[2]Mydaymainlyincorporatesrespondingtoemails,writingandeditingstoriesandcomingupwithnewfeatureideas.M:HowdoesthejobofFeatureseditordifferfromthatofFashioneditororothereditorialpositions?W:TheFeaturesteamdealswitharticlessuchascareers,reports,confidenceandconfessions—everythingexceptfashionandbeauty.M:[3]Alotofpeoplebelievethatworkingatamagazineisaglamorousjob.Isthisanaccuraterepresentationofwhatyoudo?W:I’dsayit’sglamoroustoanextent,butnotinthewayit’sportrayedinfilms.Wedohaveourmoments,suchasinterviewingcelebritiesandattendingparties,whichisahugethrill.Ultimatelythough,we’rethesameasourreaders,butworkinginajobwe’reallveryluckytohave.M:Didyouhavetoovercomeanydifficultiestoreachthispointinyourcareer?Howdidyoumanagetodothis?W:[4]Ihadtobereallypersistentanditwasveryhardwork.Afterthreeyearsofworkinginapetrolstationanddoingunpaidwork,Istillhadn’tmanagedtogetanentry-leveljob.Iwasluckythatmylastdesperateattemptledtoajob.Itoldmyselfthatallexperiencesmakeyouabetterjournalistinthelongrun—andluckilyIwasright.1.Whatisthewoman’sprofession?【試題答案】A【試題解析】題目問(wèn)女士的職業(yè)是什么？對(duì)話的開(kāi)頭男士就提到今天的嘉賓RosieMullender是《時(shí)尚》雜志的特刊編輯（Featureseditor）。因此選項(xiàng)A正確。本題的干擾項(xiàng)是B選項(xiàng)“Magazinereporter”，因?yàn)殇浺糁胁恢挂淮翁岬絤agazine這個(gè)詞，女士的職業(yè)也和雜志有關(guān)系，但“雜志記者”不是女士的職業(yè)。2.Whatisoneofthewomansmainresponsibilities?【試題答案】B【試題解析】題目問(wèn)女士的主要職責(zé)之一是什么？女士說(shuō)她每天的工作主要包括回復(fù)電子郵件和寫(xiě)作、編輯故事等。B選項(xiàng)“回復(fù)每天的電子郵件”是錄音中respondingtoemails的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，因此正確。本題的干擾項(xiàng)是A選項(xiàng)“Designingsportsclothing”，雖然在錄音中有出現(xiàn)“sportsclothing”，但說(shuō)的是他們會(huì)測(cè)試運(yùn)動(dòng)服裝，而不是設(shè)計(jì)；C選項(xiàng)“咨詢時(shí)尚專家”在錄音中沒(méi)有相關(guān)信息；錄音中只提到女士會(huì)采訪名人，并沒(méi)有說(shuō)采訪求職者，所以D選項(xiàng)也不正確。3.Whatdomanypeoplethinkaboutthewoman’sjob?【試題答案】A【試題解析】題目問(wèn)的是人們對(duì)女士職業(yè)的看法。男士提到很多人認(rèn)為在雜志社工作很有吸引力。A選項(xiàng)中的fascinating“極有吸引力的”是對(duì)glamorous的同義替換，因此正確。B選項(xiàng)“很有挑戰(zhàn)性的”；C選項(xiàng)“令人厭煩的”和D選項(xiàng)“時(shí)髦的”均不正確。4.Whathelpedthewomantogethercurrentposition?【試題答案】D【試題解析】題目問(wèn)是什么幫助女士獲得現(xiàn)在的職位？錄音最后男士問(wèn)道，在女士的職業(yè)生涯中，是不是要克服什么困難才能達(dá)到現(xiàn)在這個(gè)位置，她又是怎么做到的。女士的回答是，必須堅(jiān)持不懈（persistent），因此D選項(xiàng)正確。本題的干擾項(xiàng)B選項(xiàng)中的experience雖然在原文中提及，但女士說(shuō)的是自己所有的經(jīng)歷都會(huì)讓她成為一名更好的記者，而不是說(shuō)她的經(jīng)歷讓她到達(dá)現(xiàn)在的位置，因此不正確；A選項(xiàng)“她的自信”和C選項(xiàng)“她的能力”在錄音中沒(méi)有提及。14.【答案】B【解析】名詞詞義辨析。paradoxes矛盾；legacies遺產(chǎn)；platitudes陳詞濫調(diào)；analogies類比，類似。句意：當(dāng)一個(gè)人死后，他的債務(wù)必須在他的遺產(chǎn)被分配之前得到償還。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。15.【答案】第1題:A第2題:D第3題:C第4題:B【解析】PassageTwoTheideatostudytheAmericanIndiantribe,Tarahumaras,cametoJamesCopelandin1984,[12]whenhediscoveredthatverylittleresearchhadbeendoneontheirlanguage.HecontactedatribememberthroughasocialworkerwhoworkedwiththetribesmeninMexico.Atfirst,thetribemember,namedGonzalez,wasveryreluctanttocooperate.HetoldCopelandthatnoamountofmoneycouldbuyhislanguage.ButafterCopelandexplainedtohimwhatheintendedtodowithhisresearchandhowitwouldbenefittheTarahumaras,Gonzalezagreedtohelp.[13]HetookCopelandtohisvillageandservedasanintermediary.Copelandsays:“Thankstohim,theTarahumarasunderstoodwhatourmissionwasandstartedtrustingus.”[14]EnteringtheworldoftheTarahumarashasbeenalaboriousprojectforCopeland.Toreachthen-homelandhemustdrivetwoandahalfdaysfromHouston,Texas.Heloadsuphisvehiclewithgoodsthatthetribesmencan’teasilyget,andgivesgoodstothemasagestureoffriendship.TheTarahumaras,whodon’tbelieveinaccumulatingwealth,takethefoodandshareitamongthemselves.ForCopeland,theexperiencehasnotonlybeenacademicallysatisfying,butalsohasenrichedhislifeinseveralways.“Iseepeoplerejectingtechnologyandlivingaveryhard,traditionallife,whichoffersmeanothernotionaboutthemeaningofprogressinthewesterntradition,”hesays.“IexperiencethesimplicityoflivinginnaturethatIwouldotherwiseonlybeabletoreadabout.[15]Iseealotofbeautyintheirsenseofsharingandconcernforeachother.12.WhydidJamesCopelandwanttostudytheAmericanIndiantribeTarahumaras?【試題答案】A【試題解析】題目問(wèn)的是JamesCopeland研究美洲印第安部落塔拉烏馬拉人（Tarahumaras）的原因。錄音開(kāi)頭提到，他發(fā)現(xiàn)對(duì)塔拉烏馬拉人的語(yǔ)言進(jìn)行的研究很少，于是產(chǎn)生了研究該部落的念頭，A選項(xiàng)“他發(fā)現(xiàn)對(duì)他們語(yǔ)言的研究幾乎沒(méi)有”與錄音原文表述相符，因此正確。B選項(xiàng)“他正努力保護(hù)印第安人部落的語(yǔ)言”在錄音中并未提及；C選項(xiàng)“他與一名社會(huì)工作者的接觸極大地激發(fā)了他對(duì)該部落的興趣”，利用錄音中出現(xiàn)的asocialworker設(shè)置干擾，錄音說(shuō)的是他通過(guò)一名社會(huì)工作者與部落的成員取得了聯(lián)系，是研究該部落的一種渠道而不是研究該部落的原因，因此可排除；D選項(xiàng)“與Gonzalez的會(huì)面使他渴望更多地了解這個(gè)部落”，錄音中提及Copeland與Gonzalez的會(huì)面是發(fā)生在他產(chǎn)生了研究興趣之后，因此也可排除。13.HowdidGonzalezhelpJamesCopeland?【試題答案】D【試題解析】題目問(wèn)Gonzalez是如何幫助Copeland的？錄音中提到，Gonzalez帶Copeland去了他所在的村落，并充當(dāng)了中間人，D選項(xiàng)“他在Copeland和村民之間扮演著中間人的角色”符合錄音原文的表述，因此正確。A選項(xiàng)“他教Copeland說(shuō)塔拉烏馬拉人的語(yǔ)言”和C項(xiàng)“他推薦他的一位好朋友當(dāng)翻譯”在錄音中均沒(méi)有信息提及；B選項(xiàng)“他勸服塔拉烏馬拉人接受Copeland的禮物”，錄音只說(shuō)了塔拉烏馬拉人接受了禮物，并與大家一起分享，并沒(méi)有提及他們是否在Gonzalez的勸說(shuō)下才接受禮物，因此B選項(xiàng)也可排除。14.WhatdoesthespeakersayaboutJamesCopeland’striptotheTarahumarasvillage?【試題答案】C【試題解析】題目問(wèn)說(shuō)話者對(duì)JamesCopeland的塔拉烏馬拉人村落之旅的看法。錄音提到，對(duì)Copeland而言，進(jìn)入塔拉烏馬拉人的世界是一項(xiàng)艱苦的任務(wù)（alaboriousproject），因此C選項(xiàng)“艱苦的，費(fèi)勁的”正確。A選項(xiàng)“不可預(yù)知的”；B選項(xiàng)“不合理的”和D選項(xiàng)“乏味的”在錄音中均沒(méi)有信息提及。15.WhatimpressesJamesCopelandabouttheTarahumarastribe?【試題答案】B【試題解析】題目問(wèn)塔拉烏馬拉部落給Copeland留下深刻印象的是什么？錄