2023年考研考博考博英語湖南師范大學(xué)考試歷年高頻考試題專家版答案

2023年考研考博考博英語湖南師范大學(xué)考試歷年高頻考試題專家版答案（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）答案解析附后第1卷一.綜合題(共20題)1.單選題InBritontherobinisasmallbird,butits（）inAmericaismuchlarge.問題1選項(xiàng)A.speciesB.counterpartC.analogyD.category2.單選題Hehadreadapatentliver-circular,inwhichweredetailedthevarious（）bywhichamancouldtellhisliverwasoutoforder.問題1選項(xiàng)A.signalsB.systemC.symptomsD.symbols3.翻譯題1.Iftheyoungengineerdidn’thaveallthesequalities,hecouldneverhavedonewhathehasdoneorhavethechanceofsucceedinginwhatheistryingtodo.2.Cloningdoesn’tnecessarilymakecellsgrowold,andcanevenactasafountainofyouth,sayresearcherswhohavebeeninvestigatingagroupofclonedcalves.3.Weoftenreachanimpasseinourthinking,atthatmomentwearelookingataproblem,andtryingtosolveitanditseemsthereisadeadend.4.Thecurriculumofthehighschoolissimilartoconventionalschoolthatprovidepreparationforcollege,completewithEnglish,history,mathandscience,besides,allstudentsarerequiredtotakeperformingartsandsportsandprovideacommunityservice.5.InthePhilippines,womenwerefoundtocontributeaboutathirdofhouseholds’cashincome,but55percentofhouseholdsupportiftheeconomicvalueoftheiractivitiesathome,suchasgrowingfood,orgatheringhaytofeedthefamilydonkey,isincluded.4.單選題ThesecondreasonwhyMr.Liwentwrongliesinhisfailureto（）someadditionalcomplexities.問題1選項(xiàng)A.takenoaccountofB.giveanaccountofC.turntoD.takeintoaccount5.單選題Before,wheneverwehadwealth,westarteddiscussingpoverty.Whynotnow?Whyisthecurrentpoliticsofwealthandpovertyseeminglyaboutwealthalone?Eightyearsago,whenBillClintonfirstranforpresident,theDowJonesaveragewasunder3,5000,yearlyfederalbudgetdeficitswereprojectedathundredsofbillionsofdollarsforeverandbeyond,andnoonetalkedaboutthe“permanentboom”orthe“neweconomy”.Yetinthatmorestraitenedtime,Clintonmademuchoftheimportanceof“notleavingasinglepersonbehind”.Itispossiblethatsimilar“compassionate”rhetoricmightyetplayaroleinthegeneralelection.Butitisstrikinghowmuchlesstalkthereisaboutthepoorthantherewaseightyearsago,whenthecountrywaseconomicallyuncertain,orinpreviouseras,whenthecountryfeltflush.Evenlastsummer,whenClintonspentseveraldaysonaremarkable,BobbyKenned-likepilgrimagethroughimpoverishedareasfromIndianreservationsinSouthDakotatoghettoneighborhoodsinEastSt.Louis,theadministrationdecidedtorefertotheeffortnotasapovertytourbutasa“newmarketsinitiative.”Whatishappeningispartlyalogical,policy-drivenreaction.Povertyreallyislowerthanithasbeenindecades,especiallyforminoritygroups.Themostattractivesolutiontoit—agrowingeconomy—isbeingapplied.Thepeoplewhohavebeentotallyleftoutofthisboomoftenhavemedical,mentalorotherproblemsforwhichnoonehasanimmediatesolution.“Theeconomyhassuckedinanyonewhohasanypreparation,anyabilitytocopewithmodemlife,”saysFranklinD.Raines,theformerdirectoroftheOfficeofManagementandBudgetwhoisnowheadofFannieMae.Whenheandotherpeoplewhospecializeintheissuetalkaboutsolutions,theytalkanalyticallyandlong-term;education,developmentofworkskills,shiftsinthelabormarket,adjustmentsinwelfarereform.ButIthinkthereisanotherforcethathasmadethisaricherawithbarelyvisiblepoorpeople.ItistheunusualsocialandimaginativeseparationbetweenprosperousAmericaandthosestillleftout....It’ssimpleinvisibility,becauseofincreasinggeographic,occupational,andsocialbarriersthatblockonegroupfromtheother’sview.1.Inthispassage,thewordstraitenedmeans（）.2.Inthispassage,thewordflushmeans（）.3.Themainideaofthepassageisthat（）.4.Whichstatementfromthepassageisanopinion?5.Afterreadingthispassage,youcanconcludethat（）.6.Theauthorstatesthatoneimportantreasonthatwedonottalkmuchaboutpovertyisthat（）.問題1選項(xiàng)A.difficultB.wealthyC.pastD.distant問題2選項(xiàng)A.poorB.angryC.richD.hardworking問題3選項(xiàng)A.ThecountryisenjoyingeconomicgrowthB.Thepoorarebenefitingfromtoday’sgoodeconomyC.Inthepastweweremoreawareofthepoorthanwearetoday.D.Inthepastthereweremanymorepoorpeoplethantherearetoday.問題4選項(xiàng)A.Anotherforcehasmadethisaricherawithbarelyvisiblepoorpeople.B.Clinton’stourwascalleda“newmarketsinitiative.”C.Povertyreallyislowerthanithasbeenindecades.D.Eightyearsago,theDowJonesaveragewasunder3,5000,andyearlyfederalbudgetdeficitswereprojectedathundredsofbillionsofdollars.問題5選項(xiàng)A.therelationshipbetweentherichandthepoorhaschangedB.thegoodeconomywillsoonendC.povertywillbeobliteratedasaresultofincreasedwealthD.allpeoplebenefitfromgoodeconomicconditions問題6選項(xiàng)A.nooneknowswhattodoaboutit.B.povertyreallyislowerthaninthepastC.noonehasbeenleftoutofthecurrentboomD.thepresidentisnotconcernedaboutthepoor6.翻譯題

AlotoftheforeignerswhocometoBeijingarrivewithanxiety,thinkingthattheChinesearedistant.ButIthinktheyareveryaffable,muchliketheSpanish.Sure,theyspeakadifferentlanguage,havetheirownvaluesandcodesofbehaviorbutIdonotagreewiththeviewthattheyareverystand-offish.Onejusthastomakeanefforttoconnectandneverprejudge.HasChinachangedmeasaperson?Well,Iwouldn’trememberhowIwasbeforebecauseIwassoyoungand30yearsisalongtime.ButIsupposecominghereopenedmyeyestoalotofthings.FromtheChineseIlearnttopersevereandtohavenolimitsforeffortandwork.I’vebeeninfectedbythat.ButIalsolearnttherelativityofthings:nothingiscompletelyandabsolutelygoodandnothingiscompletelyandabsolutelybad.And,yes,thevalueofwaiting,butalsothesenseofjumpingtowardsopportunity.IlearnedalotofthingsbutIcontinuetolearn.EventhoughI’vebeenhereforalongtimeIwouldnotsayIhavetwoidentities,aSpanishoneandaChineseone.NaturallyIamSpanishbecauseIwasbornandraisedinBarcelona.Iamhereonlyasanobserver.AndIthinkitisgoodtobeassuch.Notasonewhodoesnotknowwherehisrightfulplaceisbutonewhoisinvolved.Ido,however,believeonecanbecomeChinesebecauseChinahasastrongforce.ButIdonotthinkI’deverbecomeChinese.IcanonlysaythatIcanarriveatunderstandingofwhatitistobeChinese.7.單選題Inthatmoviean（）spacecrafthoveredthecityforashotwhilebeforeitvanishedinthedistance.問題1選項(xiàng)A.alienB.animatedC.allergicD.ambiguous8.單選題Theemployertriedto（）hisemployeesfromstagingrollingstrikesbythreateningtoclosedowntheentireplant.問題1選項(xiàng)A.forbidB.intimidateC.avoidD.distract9.單選題Theoverwhelmingmajorityofpeasantcommunicationswereoralinnatureinasocietythatwasstilllargely______.問題1選項(xiàng)A.explicitB.contradictoryC.illiterateD.momentous10.單選題Theelegantdecorations（）thegymintoastarlitballroom.問題1選項(xiàng)A.transplantedB.transferredC.transcendedD.transformed11.單選題ThemoistairofthePacificOceanbringsa（）climatetothewestcoastoftheUnitedStates.問題1選項(xiàng)A.chillyB.temperateC.modestD.compromising12.單選題Allthingsintheuniverseareinterrelatedand（）witheachother.問題1選項(xiàng)A.interveneB.interfereC.interruptD.interact13.單選題Thedetectivewatchedandsawthesuspect______ahotelatthecorneroftheStreet.問題1選項(xiàng)A.gettingoffthetaxiandwalkingintoB.gotoffthetaxiandwalkedintoC.getoffthetaxiandwalkintoD.gotoffthetaxitowalkinto14.單選題Ticketsforthefirstthreerowsarenotavailabletothoseofordinarysocialstanding;theyare（

）

forcelebrities.問題1選項(xiàng)A.retainedB.occupiedC.preservedD.reserved15.單選題Ithinkshehurtmyfeelings（）ratherthanbyaccidentassheclaimed.問題1選項(xiàng)A.virtuallyB.literallyC.appropriatelyD.deliberately16.單選題Hegaveusan（）consenttotaketheapples,forhesmiledwhenhesawusdoit問題1選項(xiàng)A.exaggeratedB.implicitC.impartialD.extravagant17.單選題______theway,wesetofonfootintothedarknight.問題1選項(xiàng)A.TheguideledB.WiththeguideleadingC.WiththeguidetoleadD.Withtheguidelead18.單選題Inthesecondhalfofeachyear,manypowerfulstormsareborninthetropicalAtlanticandCaribbeanseas.Ofthese,onlyaboutahalfadozengeneratethestrong,circlingwindsof75milesperhourormorethatgivethemhurricanestatus,andseveralusuallymaketheirwaytothecoast.Theretheycausemillionsofdollarsofdamage,andbringdeathtolargenumbersofpeople.Thegreatstormsthathitthecoaststartasinnocentcirclingdisturbanceshundreds—eventhousands—ofmilesouttosea.Astheytravelaimlesslyoverwaterwarmedbythesummersun,theyarecarriedwestwardbythetradewinds.Whenconditionsarejustright,warm,moistairflowsinatthebottomofsuchadisturbance,movesupwardthroughitandcomesoutatthetop.Intheprocess,themoistureinthiswarmairproducesrain,andwithittheheatthatisconvertedtoenergyintheformofstrongwinds.Astheheatincreases,theyounghurricanebeginstoswirlinacounter-clockwisemotion.Theaveragelifeofahurricaneisonlyaboutninedays,butitcontainsalmostmorepowerthanwecanimagine.Theenergyintheheatreleasedbyahurricane’srainfallinasingledaywouldsatisfytheentireelectricalneedsoftheUnitedStatesformorethansixmonths.Water,notwind,isthemainsourceofdeathanddestructioninahurricane.Atypicalhurricanebrings6to12-inchdownpoursresultinginsuddenfloods.Worstofallisthepowerfulmovementofthesea—themountainsofwatermovingtowardthelow-pressurehurricanecenter.Thewaterlevelrisesasmuchas15feetabovenormalasitmovestowardshore.1.Whenisastormconsideredtobeahurricane?2.Theunderlined“innocentcirclingdisturbances”inParagraph2means________.3.Theunderlined“it”in“movesupwardthroughit”inParagraph2refersto________.4.Strongwindsareproducedbecauseof________.5.Whichofthefollowingbestsummarizesthepassage?問題1選項(xiàng)A.Whenitisaccompaniedbywind.B.Whenitisaccompaniedbybothwindandrain.C.Whenitscirclingwindsmoveat75milesperhourorevenmore.D.Whenthecirclingwindsbringdamages.問題2選項(xiàng)A.innocentpeoplecausingsmalldisturbancesB.innocentpeoplecausingbigdisturbancesC.damagingcirclingwindsD.harmlesscirclingwinds問題3選項(xiàng)A.adisturbanceB.moistairC.tradewindD.water問題4選項(xiàng)A.theyounghurricaneB.theheatgeneratedalongwithrainC.adisturbanceD.moistair問題5選項(xiàng)A.TheHurricane—itsharmsandbenefits.B.Theoriginandeffectsofhurricane.C.Thehurricaneanditsgreatenergy.D.Thedisasterscausedbyhurricanes.19.單選題Whileitsuniqueeatinghabitsmakethemountaingorillaafascinatingsubjectforobservations,itssmallpopulationanditsshynessserveto______manypotentialstudies.問題1選項(xiàng)A.inspireB.fortifyC.releaseD.hinder20.單選題Themedicine（）hispainbutdidnotcurehisillness.問題1選項(xiàng)A.increasedB.alleviatedC.interruptedD.deteriorated第1卷參考答案一.綜合題1.【答案】A【解析】句意：在英國知更鳥是一種小鳥,但在美國它的物種要大得多。species物種,種類；counterpart相似物；analogy類比,類似；category種類,分類。選項(xiàng)A形容生物種類,所以選項(xiàng)A正確。2.【答案】C【解析】句意：他讀過一個(gè)專門的肝臟循環(huán)圖,里面詳細(xì)地描述了各種癥狀,人們通過這些癥狀可以知道他的肝臟是否出了問題。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。3.【答案】1.如果這位年輕的工程師沒有所有這些品質(zhì)，他就不可能完成他所做的事情，也不可能有機(jī)會(huì)在他所嘗試的事情上取得成功。2.一直在研究一組克隆小牛的研究人員說，克隆不一定會(huì)使細(xì)胞衰老，甚至還能起到不老泉的作用。3.我們經(jīng)常在思維過程中陷入僵局，當(dāng)我們看到問題并試圖解決時(shí)，似乎就會(huì)有一個(gè)死胡同。4.這所高中的課程與傳統(tǒng)學(xué)校的課程類似，都為升入大學(xué)做準(zhǔn)備，包括英語、歷史、數(shù)學(xué)和科學(xué)。但所有的學(xué)生都必須選修表演藝術(shù)和體育，還要提供社區(qū)服務(wù)。5.研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，在菲律賓，婦女貢獻(xiàn)了家庭現(xiàn)金收入的三分之一，但如果算上家務(wù)的經(jīng)濟(jì)價(jià)值，比如種植糧食或收集干草飼養(yǎng)家中的驢子，則為家庭貢獻(xiàn)了55%。4.【答案】D【解析】takenoaccountof不考慮,不重視；giveanaccountof說明,敘述,匯報(bào)；turnto轉(zhuǎn)向,求助于,變成；takeintoaccountof考慮。句意：李先生犯錯(cuò)的第二個(gè)原因是他沒有考慮到一些額外的復(fù)雜性。選項(xiàng)A為混淆選項(xiàng),根據(jù)failureto可知,選項(xiàng)D正確。5.【答案】第1題:A第2題:C第3題:C第4題:A第5題:A第6題:B【解析】1.詞匯題。根據(jù)原文可知，“inthatmorestraitenedtime”指的是上文提到的Clinton競(jìng)選總統(tǒng)時(shí)期，道瓊斯指數(shù)不到3.5萬點(diǎn)，每年的政府預(yù)算赤字預(yù)計(jì)將一直處于數(shù)千億美元，甚至更高，沒有人談?wù)摗坝谰梅睒s”或“新經(jīng)濟(jì)”。由此可以推斷，這個(gè)時(shí)期是貧窮的，困難的，所以選項(xiàng)A正確。2.詞匯題。根據(jù)第二段第一句，但令人吃驚的是，相對(duì)于八年前國家經(jīng)濟(jì)不穩(wěn)定的時(shí)候，現(xiàn)在人們談?wù)撠毨г掝}的次數(shù)越來越少，同樣地，在以前國家富裕的時(shí)候，人們談?wù)摰拇螖?shù)也少。由此可知，“flush”指的是“rich”,選項(xiàng)C正確。3.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段第一句，以前，只要我們有錢了，就會(huì)討論貧困問題?，F(xiàn)在為什么不了？為什么當(dāng)前的貧富政治似乎只與財(cái)富有關(guān)?再根據(jù)第二段第一句，但令人吃驚的是，相對(duì)于八年前國家經(jīng)濟(jì)不穩(wěn)定的時(shí)候，現(xiàn)在人們談?wù)撠毨г掝}的次數(shù)越來越少，同樣地，在以前國家富裕的時(shí)候，人們談?wù)摰拇螖?shù)也少。由此可知，本文的主旨是：過去人們比現(xiàn)在更加關(guān)注貧困問題。選項(xiàng)C正確。4.推理判斷題。以下哪一項(xiàng)表達(dá)的是觀點(diǎn)。根據(jù)最后一段第一句“ButIthinkthereisanotherforcethathasmadethisaricherawithbarelyvisiblepoorpeople.”但我認(rèn)為，還有另一股力量使這個(gè)時(shí)代成為一個(gè)幾乎看不到窮人的富裕時(shí)代。由此可知，這是作者的觀點(diǎn)，其他選項(xiàng)均為原文中的事實(shí)而不是觀點(diǎn)。所以本題選A。5.推理判斷題。結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，本文提到現(xiàn)在的人們不像過去那樣關(guān)注貧困問題。而產(chǎn)生這種情況的原因是由于經(jīng)濟(jì)增長，貧富之間的差距縮小了，也就是說，貧窮和富裕之間的關(guān)系發(fā)生了改變，所以選項(xiàng)A符合原文；選項(xiàng)C中貧困并沒有被消除，所以表述不正確。6.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第三段的一二句“Whatishappeningispartlyalogical,policy-drivenreaction.Povertyreallyislowerthanithasbeenindecades,especiallyforminoritygroups.”目前的情況在一定程度上是一種合乎邏輯的、政策驅(qū)動(dòng)的反應(yīng)。貧困確實(shí)比過去幾十年都要低，尤其是對(duì)少數(shù)群體而言。由此可知，選項(xiàng)B符合原文。6.【答案】很多初到北京的外國人覺得忐忑不安，認(rèn)為中國人不夠熱情。但我認(rèn)為他們非常友好，這點(diǎn)很像西班牙人。當(dāng)然他們說著不同的語言，有他們自己的價(jià)值和行為準(zhǔn)則，但我不同意把他們看成是冷漠的人。一個(gè)人只是必須通過努力才能實(shí)現(xiàn)溝通，而絕不要武斷。中國有沒有改變我的為人之道呢？噢，我都記不得我曾經(jīng)是個(gè)怎么樣的人，因?yàn)槟菚r(shí)我是那么年輕，而30年是一段很長的時(shí)間。但我認(rèn)為，我來這里見識(shí)了許多事情。我從中國人身上學(xué)到了百折不撓和不遺余力地工作。我被這些精神感染了。但我也學(xué)會(huì)了事物的相對(duì)性：凡事沒有絕對(duì)的好，也沒有絕對(duì)的壞。此外，是的，我還學(xué)會(huì)了等待的價(jià)值，還有把握機(jī)遇的意義。我學(xué)到了很多但我還將繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)。盡管我在這里很長時(shí)間了，我不想說我具有兩種身份，一個(gè)西班牙人和一個(gè)中國人。本質(zhì)上講我是西班牙人，因?yàn)槲以诎腿_那出生成長。我在這里只是作為一個(gè)旁觀者。而我認(rèn)為這樣很好。不是作為一個(gè)不知自己確切身份的人，而是一個(gè)具有參與感的人。盡管我的確相信一個(gè)外國人有可能變成中國人，因?yàn)橹袊哂幸环N強(qiáng)大的力量。但我不認(rèn)為我曾一度成為中國人，我只能說，我能夠理解怎樣才算是中國人。7.【答案】A【解析】alien外國的,外星人的；animated活生生,活潑的；allergic對(duì)...過敏的；ambiguous模糊不清的。句意：電影中一艘外星人的飛船在城市上空盤旋了一會(huì)兒,然后消失在遠(yuǎn)處。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。8.【答案】A【解析】forbidfrom...為固定搭配，意為“阻止，禁止”。句意：雇主威脅要關(guān)閉整個(gè)工廠，試圖阻止他的員工罷工。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。9.【答案】C【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)explicit“（說話）清晰的，明確的”；B選項(xiàng)contradictory“相互矛盾的”；C選項(xiàng)illiterate“文盲的，不識(shí)字的”；D選項(xiàng)momentous“關(guān)鍵的，重要的”。句意：絕大多數(shù)的農(nóng)民交流都是口頭的，當(dāng)時(shí)的社會(huì)很大程度上是______。在當(dāng)時(shí)那個(gè)社會(huì)，大多數(shù)農(nóng)民用口頭交流，而不用文字，C選項(xiàng)illiterate“文盲的，不識(shí)字的”符合題意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。10.【答案】D【解析】transplant移植,遷移；transfer轉(zhuǎn)讓,移交；transcend勝過,超越；transform改變,轉(zhuǎn)換。句意：優(yōu)雅的裝飾把體育館變成了星光燦爛的舞廳。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。11.【答案】B【解析】句意：太平洋潮濕的空氣給美國西海岸帶來了溫和的氣候。氣候溫和用temperateclimate,所以選項(xiàng)B正確。12.【答案】D【解析】intervene干涉，插入；interfere妨礙，打擾；interrupt闖入，打斷；interact相互影響，相互作用。根據(jù)句意可知，這里指世界上所有的事物都是相互聯(lián)系，相互影響的。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。13.【答案】C【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：偵探看著嫌疑犯下了出租車，走進(jìn)了街角的一家旅館。本句謂語動(dòng)詞是watchedandsaw，橫線處是非謂語動(dòng)詞，在這里指“看見他下出租車和進(jìn)旅館”的整個(gè)過程。watch/seesb.doingsth.“看見某人正在做（瞬間）”，watch/seesb.dosth.“看見某人做了某事（全過程）”，C選項(xiàng)getoffthetaxiandwalkinto符合題意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。14.【答案】D【解析】retained保留,保存；occupied占用；preserved保藏；reserved預(yù)訂,保留。句意：社會(huì)地位一般的人買不到前三排的票;它們是為名人保留的。選項(xiàng)D符合語境。15.【答案】D【解析】根據(jù)下半句“ratherthanbyaccident..”可推測(cè),“我認(rèn)為她是故意傷害我的感情而不是她聲稱的偶然傷害”。所以選項(xiàng)D符合語境。16.【答案】B【解析】exaggerated夸張的；implicit含蓄的,暗示的；impartial公正的；extravagant奢侈的,浪費(fèi)的。句意：他默許我們拿走蘋果,因?yàn)楫?dāng)他看到我們這樣做時(shí),他笑了。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。17.【答案】B【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：在向?qū)У膸ьI(lǐng)下，我們徒步走進(jìn)了黑夜。A選項(xiàng)Theguideled放進(jìn)來題目構(gòu)成兩個(gè)獨(dú)立且完整的句子，語法錯(cuò)誤。逗號(hào)前是句子的狀語部分，guide和lead是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞形式，B選項(xiàng)Withtheguideleading正確。C選項(xiàng)Withtheguidetolead不定式形式表目的，D選項(xiàng)Withtheguidelead過去分詞形式表被動(dòng)。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。18.【答案】第1題:C第2題:D第3題:A第4題:B第5題:B【解析】1.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。精確定位根據(jù)題干定位到第一段第二句Ofthese,onlyaboutahalfadozengeneratethestrong,circlingwindsof75milesperhourormorethatgivethemhurricanestatus（其中只有大約一半形成至少每小時(shí)75英里的強(qiáng)烈旋風(fēng)，這創(chuàng)造了它們成了颶風(fēng)的重要條件。），可知C選項(xiàng)“當(dāng)旋風(fēng)以至少每小時(shí)75英里的速度移動(dòng)時(shí)”正確。排除干擾項(xiàng)A選項(xiàng)“當(dāng)有風(fēng)時(shí)”：當(dāng)風(fēng)速達(dá)到一定程度才能算颶風(fēng)，屬于偷換概念。B選項(xiàng)“當(dāng)風(fēng)雨交加時(shí)”：是否有雨不是判斷是否為颶風(fēng)的條件，屬于無中生有。D選項(xiàng)“當(dāng)旋風(fēng)帶來損害時(shí)”：這是颶風(fēng)的影響而非定義，屬于偷換概念。2.詞匯推斷題。1.句中前后信息銜接根據(jù)題干定位到第二段第一句Thegreatstormsthathitthecoaststartasinnocentcirclingdisturbanceshundreds—eventhousands—ofmilesouttosea.（侵襲海岸的大風(fēng)暴最先在海岸幾百甚至幾千英里外做無害的盤旋干擾。）2.上下文語義銜接下文提到旋風(fēng)開始在海面游移，當(dāng)暖空氣中的水分變成雨，隨著熱量增加，風(fēng)開始逆時(shí)針旋轉(zhuǎn)形成颶風(fēng)。綜上，這里指的是旋風(fēng)在真正轉(zhuǎn)化成颶風(fēng)之前不會(huì)帶來損害，D選項(xiàng)“無害的旋風(fēng)”正確。排除干擾項(xiàng)A選項(xiàng)“無惡意之人造成輕微的干擾”和B選項(xiàng)“無惡意之人造成嚴(yán)重的干擾”：這里說的是大自然中的颶風(fēng)，跟人沒有關(guān)系，屬于無中生有。C選項(xiàng)“破壞性的旋風(fēng)”：風(fēng)遠(yuǎn)離海岸時(shí)強(qiáng)度沒有那么大，不會(huì)造成損害，屬于反向干擾。3.詞匯推斷題。句中前后信息銜接根據(jù)題干定位到第二段第三句Whenconditionsarejustright,warm,moistairflowsinatthebottomofsuchadisturbance,movesupwardthroughitandcomesoutatthetop.（如果條件成熟，溫暖潮濕的空氣流入這股風(fēng)暴的底部，在風(fēng)暴內(nèi)向上運(yùn)動(dòng)，又從頂部流出。）這里講的是濕熱空氣的運(yùn)動(dòng)軌跡，主語是air，謂語動(dòng)詞是flows、moves和comes，賓語是disturbance，it指的是前面的disturbance，A選項(xiàng)disturbance“干擾”正確。排除干擾項(xiàng)B選項(xiàng)“潮濕的空氣”：濕熱的空氣是主語，是動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者，而不是承受者，屬于曲解原文。C選項(xiàng)“信風(fēng)”：對(duì)應(yīng)第二段第二句theyarecarriedwestwardbythetradewinds（信風(fēng)把它們吹向西邊），這里指的是風(fēng)暴在海面游移的時(shí)候，信風(fēng)改變風(fēng)向，而不是縱向運(yùn)動(dòng)，屬于張冠李戴。D選項(xiàng)“水”：對(duì)應(yīng)第二段第四句Intheprocess,themoistureinthiswarmairproducesrain（在這過程中，暖空氣中的水分生成雨），這里闡述水分如何變成雨水，沒有講水的運(yùn)動(dòng)軌跡，屬于張冠李戴。4.推理判斷題。找句內(nèi)線索根據(jù)題干定位到第二段倒數(shù)第二句Intheprocess,themoistureinthiswarmairproducesrain,andwithittheheatthatisconvertedtoenergyintheformofstrongwinds.（在這過程中，熱空氣中的水分生成雨，隨著溫度上升，會(huì)以狂風(fēng)的形式轉(zhuǎn)化為能量。）可知熱量促成雨水的生成，也產(chǎn)生狂風(fēng)，B選項(xiàng)“帶來雨的熱量”正確。排除干擾項(xiàng)A選項(xiàng)“剛產(chǎn)生的颶風(fēng)”：對(duì)應(yīng)到第二段最后一句Astheheatincreases,theyounghurricanebeginstoswirlinacounter-clockwisemotion.（隨著熱量的增加，剛產(chǎn)生的颶風(fēng)開始以逆時(shí)針旋轉(zhuǎn)。），這里所指的颶風(fēng)就是狂風(fēng)的升級(jí)版，屬于偷換概念。C選項(xiàng)“干擾”：這里的干擾指的是狂風(fēng)的雛形階段，是狂風(fēng)本身，屬于偷換概念。D選項(xiàng)“濕氣”：濕氣變成雨水，濕氣本身不能形成狂風(fēng)，屬于張冠李戴。5.主旨大意題。1.首尾段核心句首段第一句提出現(xiàn)象吸引讀者：Inthesecondhalfofeachyear,manypowerfulstormsareborninthetropicalAtlanticandCaribbeanseas.（每年下半年，在熱帶的大西洋和加勒比海經(jīng)常有大風(fēng)暴。）；第二句講述颶風(fēng)的產(chǎn)生情況：Ofthese,onlyaboutahalfadozengeneratethestrong,circlingwindsof75milesperhourormorethatgivethemhurricanestatus,andseveralusuallymaketheirwaytothecoast.（其中只有大約一半形成至少每小時(shí)75英里的強(qiáng)烈旋風(fēng)，這創(chuàng)造了它們成了颶風(fēng)的重要條件，其中有幾個(gè)通常會(huì)到達(dá)海岸。）；第三句講述颶風(fēng)的影響：Theretheycausemillionsofdollarsofdamage,andbringdeathtolargenumbersofpeople.（它們?cè)斐珊０渡蠑?shù)百萬美元的損失和大量死亡。）。尾段第一句butitcontainsalmostmorepowerthanwecanimagine（但它的力量超出我們的想象）講的是颶風(fēng)的影響。由此推斷全文的主旨應(yīng)是“颶風(fēng)的起源和影響”，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。2.分析文章的行文結(jié)構(gòu)本文的結(jié)構(gòu)是總分，第一段概括全文，第二、三段分別講述颶風(fēng)的形成和影響，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。3.梳理各段核心句第一段：引出颶風(fēng)的話題，簡(jiǎn)單介紹颶風(fēng)的產(chǎn)生和影響。第二段：第一句Thegreatstormsthathitthecoaststartasinnocentcirclingdisturbanceshundreds—eventhousands—ofmilesouttosea.（侵襲海岸的大風(fēng)暴最先在海岸幾百甚至幾千英里外做無害的盤旋干擾。）引出這段的主要內(nèi)容，講述颶風(fēng)的形成過程。第三段：第一句butitcontainsalmostmorepowerthanwecanimagine（但它的力量超出我們的想象）是段總述句，這一段講述颶風(fēng)有什么力量。綜上，全文主旨是“颶風(fēng)的起源和影響”，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。排除干擾項(xiàng)A選項(xiàng)“颶風(fēng)——其危害和好處”：關(guān)鍵詞harmsandbenefits分別對(duì)應(yīng)第三段第二句satisfytheentireelectricalneedsoftheUnitedStatesformorethansixmonths和第三段第三句mainsourceofdeathanddestructioninahurricane，這都是第三段的內(nèi)容，不足以概括全文，屬于以偏概全。C選項(xiàng)“颶風(fēng)及其巨大能量”：關(guān)鍵詞greatenergy對(duì)應(yīng)第三段第一句itcontainsalmostmorepowerthanwecanimagine，這里的power指的是好處和危害，只出現(xiàn)在第三段，屬于以偏概全。D選項(xiàng)“颶風(fēng)的危害”：disasters對(duì)應(yīng)第三段第三句mainsourceofdeathanddestructioninahurricane，也屬于以偏概全。19.【答案】D【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)inspire“賦予靈感；鼓舞；激起”；B選項(xiàng)fortify“（在物質(zhì)或精神上）加強(qiáng)”；C選項(xiàng)release“（情感）發(fā)泄；放松”；D選項(xiàng)hinder“阻礙”。句意：雖然山地大猩猩獨(dú)特的飲食習(xí)慣吸引許多人的觀察，但它數(shù)量少和害羞的特點(diǎn)______許多研究的可能性。橫線處和studies構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，While表示轉(zhuǎn)折，大猩猩數(shù)量少且害羞，即使很多人想研究大猩猩也不能順利地進(jìn)行研究，會(huì)遇到一些困難，D選項(xiàng)hinder“阻礙”符合題意。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。20.【答案】B【解析】increase增加；alleviate減輕，緩和；interrupt中斷，打擾；deteriorate惡化。根據(jù)句意可知，這里指減輕疼痛，選項(xiàng)B符合句意。第2卷一.綜合題(共20題)1.單選題Thegreatflames（）throughthedarkness.問題1選項(xiàng)A.glaredB.shoneC.shotD.flared2.翻譯題Timeisalwaysariddleformanthroughouttheages.Peoplealivecanonlyhave“today”—theverydayandtheverymoment.However,wearedifferentinmakinguseof24hours.Wedifferinwhatwedoin24hours(whatwedoin24hoursisdifferent),therefore,whatwegetisdifferent.Someidletheirtimeawayandmissedmanyopportunitiesbecauseofdelay.Somespendtheirtimeinbenefitingothers,someworkhardtomoveforward.Howdoyouspendyourtime?Ifyouspendsometimethinkingitover,youwillbebenefited.3.單選題______totellusthattheinterestoftheindividualshouldbesubordinatetothatofthecollective?問題1選項(xiàng)A.WereyouusedB.AreyouusedC.DidyouuseD.Doyouused4.單選題______isgenerallyaccepted,economicgrowthisdeterminedbythesmoothdevelopmentofproduction.問題1選項(xiàng)A.WhatB.AsC.ItD.That5.單選題He（）amessengertotellthekingwhathadhappened.問題1選項(xiàng)A.dispatchedB.authorizedC.nominatedD.entrusted6.單選題Hetoldusalotofjokesandhadus______allthroughthemeal.問題1選項(xiàng)A.laughingB.laughC.laughedD.tolaugh7.寫作題“Financialgainshouldbethemostimportantfactorinchoosingacareer.”Discusstheextenttowhichyouagreewiththeopinionstatedabove.Supportyourviewswithreasonsand/orexamplesfromownexperience,observations,orreading.8.單選題Thevirusisusuallyblood-borneandmay______almostanyorganinthebody.問題1選項(xiàng)A.patronizeB.infectC.engraveD.enroll9.單選題（）theredcellsoftheblood,hemoglobin（血紅蛋白）transportoxygenformthelungtothetissues.問題1選項(xiàng)A.ComparedtoB.AttackedbyC.ConfinedtoD.Attributedto10.單選題Dr.ElizabethHurdondistinguishedherselfasasurgeonatatimeinwhichmedicalprofessionwas（）male.問題1選項(xiàng)A.onlyB.occasionallyC.predominantlyD.regrettably11.單選題Whatyousaynowisnot（）withwhatyousaidlastweek.問題1選項(xiàng)A.consistentB.persistentC.permanentD.insistent12.單選題Hedidnotfeelobligedto（）totherulesthatappliedtoordinarymen.問題1選項(xiàng)A.confrontB.conformC.confineD.console13.翻譯題Thetermeducationcanbeappliedtoprimitivecultureonlyinthesenseofenculturation,whichistheprocessofculturaltransmission.Aprimitiveperson,whosecultureisthetotalityofhisuniverse,hasarelativelyfixedsenseofculturalcontinuityandtimelessness.Themodeloflifeisrelativelystaticandabsolute,anditistransmittedfromongenerationtoanotherwithlittledeviation.Asforprehistoriceducation,itcanonlybeinferredfromeducationalpracticesinsurvivingprimitivecultures.Thepurposeofprimitiveeducationisthusguidechildrentobecomegoodmembersoftheirtribeorband.Historicallyallculturesandsocietieshaveprovidedsomeformof“education”,formalandinformal.WhetherwearediscussinginformaleducationofademonstrationvarietyorthehighlyritualizedandformalmechanismsofadoctoralprogramintheUnitedStates,allsystemsofeducationoperateimplicitlyorexplicitlywithasetofpedagogicalobjectives.Inabroadsensetheoverallgoalsofeducation,formalandinformal,aretotransmittheskills,competencies,andvaluesthatthespecificculturedeemsnecessarytoassurethemaintenanceofthesociety.14.單選題Thechairmanremindedthelecturernottobecarriedawayand（）fromthetheme.問題1選項(xiàng)A.deviateB.escapeC.descendD.derail15.單選題Thefirestartedonthefirstfloorofthehospital______wereelderlyandweak.問題1選項(xiàng)A.manyofitspatientsB.manyofwhichpatientsC.manypatientsofwhomD.manyofwhosepatients16.單選題Theaddictivenatureofonlinegamblinghasforcedmany______garnerstoseektreatment.問題1選項(xiàng)A.sedativeB.fortifiedC.compulsiveD.impulsive17.單選題Ishalltellhimthetruth,______.問題1選項(xiàng)A.nomatterwhetherhelikesitornotB.whetherhelikesitornotC.nomatterhelikesitornotD.whetherhewouldlikeitornot18.翻譯題商務(wù)印書館是中國現(xiàn)代出版史上歷史最悠久的文化出版機(jī)構(gòu)。作為國內(nèi)外著名的出版機(jī)構(gòu),它為文化的傳播和新知識(shí)的介紹做出了卓越的貢獻(xiàn)。出版物遍及社會(huì)科學(xué)、自然科學(xué)、應(yīng)用技術(shù)、文學(xué)藝術(shù)、兒童讀物、教科書、中外語文辭書、各類雜志和各個(gè)門類專業(yè)的工具書。商務(wù)印書館的出版物,對(duì)我國思想界、文化界、教育界均有一定的影響。通信衛(wèi)星系統(tǒng)在過去的幾十年中取得了很大的成功,已引起了人們對(duì)未來的廣泛的關(guān)注,一些國家正在采用衛(wèi)星來發(fā)展國內(nèi)的通信,以取代傳統(tǒng)的陸地電話線。但是,衛(wèi)星研制、發(fā)射和運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)的成本很高,超出了一些國家的經(jīng)濟(jì)承受能力。盡管如此,通信衛(wèi)星系統(tǒng)得到了越來越多的人的重視和支持,這種技術(shù)會(huì)在未來更加普及。19.單選題Itwas（）thattherestaurantdiscriminatedagainstblackcustomers.問題1選項(xiàng)A.addictedB.allegedC.attackedD.ascribed20.單選題John（）onhismistakelongafterthetestwasover.問題1選項(xiàng)A.consideredB.dweltC.contemplateD.figured第2卷參考答案一.綜合題1.【答案】D【解析】glare怒視，瞪眼；shine閃耀，多指光照，光線等；shoot射擊；flare閃耀，多指火焰等。句意：巨大的火焰在夜空中閃耀。所以選項(xiàng)D正確。2.【答案】古往今來，時(shí)間對(duì)人來說難以捉摸。每個(gè)活著的人只能掌握“今天”——只能掌握今時(shí)今日。不過，怎樣運(yùn)用這二十四小時(shí)，我們每個(gè)人都各有差異。我們?cè)谶@24小時(shí)里所做的事情不同，因此得到的也就不同。有的人虛度光陰，延誤時(shí)機(jī)；有的人做利他之事；有的人則奮發(fā)向上。你怎樣運(yùn)用你的時(shí)間呢？如果你花些時(shí)間思考，定會(huì)從中受益。3.【答案】C【解析】考查固定句型。句意：你不是經(jīng)常告訴我們個(gè)人的利益應(yīng)該從屬于集體的利益嗎？sb.usedtodo“某人過去常常做某事”，其一般疑問句為didsb.usetodo；sb.beusedto(doing)sth.“習(xí)慣于（做）某事”，其一般疑問句為be動(dòng)詞提前；beusedtodosth.“被用來做某事”。結(jié)合語境，這里指的是過去常常告訴我們某事，C選項(xiàng)Didyouuse符合題意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。4.【答案】B【解析】考查定語從句。句意：人們普遍認(rèn)為，經(jīng)濟(jì)增長取決于生產(chǎn)的順利發(fā)展。as引出非限定性定語從句時(shí)，代替整個(gè)主句，對(duì)其進(jìn)行說明，通常均由逗號(hào)將其與主句隔開。B選項(xiàng)As符合題意，其余選項(xiàng)語法錯(cuò)誤。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。5.【答案】A【解析】dispatch派遣；authorize授權(quán)；nominate任命；entrust委托。句意：他派了一個(gè)使者去告訴國王發(fā)生了什么事。選項(xiàng)B和C太過于正式；選項(xiàng)D不符合語境；所以選項(xiàng)A更恰當(dāng)。6.【答案】A【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：他給我們講了好多笑話，讓我們?cè)诔燥埖臅r(shí)候笑個(gè)不停。A選項(xiàng)havesb./sth.doing“讓某人做某事，讓某情況發(fā)生”，含有動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行之意，haduslaughing“讓我們笑”；B選項(xiàng)havesb.do“請(qǐng)/派別人完成某事；經(jīng)歷某種不幸”；C選項(xiàng)havesth.done“請(qǐng)/派別人完成某事；完成某事（可能參與）；遭受某種不幸”；D選項(xiàng)havesth.todo“有某事要完成”。這里指的是笑話讓我們一直笑，有強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)的含義，A選項(xiàng)laughing符合題意。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。7.【答案】FinancialGainShouldNotBetheMostImportantFactorinChoosingaCareer8.【答案】B【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)patronize“屈尊對(duì)待；贊助”；B選項(xiàng)infect“感染”；C選項(xiàng)engrave“在……上雕刻（字或圖案）”；D選項(xiàng)enroll“注冊(cè)”。句意：這種病毒通常是血液傳播的，可以______幾乎身體的任何器官。橫線處和organ“器官”形成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，病毒感染身體，B選項(xiàng)infect“感染”符合題意。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。9.【答案】D【解析】comparedto與...相比；attachedby附屬于；confinedto局限于,限制于；attributedto由于,歸功于。句意：由于血液中的紅細(xì)胞,血紅蛋白將氧氣從肺輸送到組織。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。10.【答案】C【解析】句意：在醫(yī)學(xué)界以男性為主導(dǎo)的時(shí)代,ElizabethHurdon博士作為一