2023年考研考博考博英語(yǔ)廈門大學(xué)考試高頻考點(diǎn)參考題庫(kù)帶答案

2023年考研考博考博英語(yǔ)廈門大學(xué)考試高頻考點(diǎn)參考題庫(kù)帶答案（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）答案解析附后第1卷一.綜合題(共20題)1.單選題Salasisoneof13,000KingCountyemployeeswhowillbeaskedtoconfidentially_______whetherthey'reoverweight,smokeorengageinotherhealth-relatedvices.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.dementB.divulgeC.retaliateD.disservice2.單選題Language,culture,andpersonalitymaybeconsidered_______ofeachotherinthought,buttheyarcinseparableinfact.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.indistinctlyB.separatelyC.irrelevantlyD.independently3.寫作題Writeanessayonthegiventopic"OnUniversity".Basedonthefollowingoutline,presentyourargumentwithsupportingdetailsofnolessthan250words.YoushouldwriteneatlyontheANSWERSHEET.1.大學(xué)的功能2.大學(xué)是否實(shí)現(xiàn)了目標(biāo)3.如何改進(jìn)4.單選題It'seasyto_______usbecausewe'resupposedlyabunchofdumbcountrybumpkinsandrednecks.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.pickoverB.pickoffC.pickonD.pickout5.案例題Wheneveryouseeanoldfilm,evenonemadeaslittleastenyearsago.youcannothelpbeingstruckbytheappearanceofthewomentakingpart.Theirhair-stylesandmake-uplookdated:theirskirtslookeithertoolongortooshort;theirgeneralappearanceis,infact,slightlyludicrous.Thementakingpartinthefilm,ontheotherhand,areclearlyrecognizable.Thereisnothingabouttheirappearancetosuggestthattheybelongtoanentirelydifferentage.Thisillusioniscreatedbychangingfashions.（1）.Thesamecannotbesaidforwomen.Eachyearafewso-calledtopdesignersinParisorLondonlaydownthelawandwomenoverthewholeworldrushtoobey.Thedecreesofthedesignersareunpredictableanddictatorial.Thisyear,theydecideintheirarbitraryfashion,skirtswillbeshortandwaistswillbehigh;zipsareinandbuttonsareout.Nextyearthelawisreversedandfarfromtakingexception,nooneisevenmildlysurprised.Ifwomenaremercilesslyexploitedyearafteryeartheyhaveonlythemselvestoblame.（2）.Clothes,whichhavebeenworn,onlyafewtimeshavetobediscardedbecauseofthedictatesoffashion.Whenyoucometothinkofit,onlyawomeniscapableofstandinginfrontofawardrobepackedfullofclothesandannouncingsadlythatshehasnothingtowear.（3）.Manywomensquandervastsumsofmoneyeachyeartoreplaceclothesthathavehardlybeenworn.Women,whocannotaffordtodiscardclothinginthisway,wastehoursoftheirtimealteringthedressestheyhave.Hem-limesaretakenuporletdown;waist-linesaretakeninorletout;neck-linesareloweredorraised,andsoon.（4）.Fashiondesignersarerarelyconcernedwithvitalthingslikewarmth,comfortanddurability.Theyareonlyinterestedinoutwardappearanceandtheytakeadvantageofthefactthatwomenwillputupwithanyamountofdiscomfort,providingtheylookright.Therecanhardlybeamanwhohasn'tatsometimeinhislifesmiledatthesightofawomanshiveringinaflimsydressonawintryday,ordelicatelypickingherwaythroughdeepsnowindaintyshoes.（5）.Dotheconstantlychangingfashionsofwomen'sclothes,onewonders,reflectbasicqualitiesofficklenessandinstability?Menaretoosensibletoletthemselvesbebulliedbyfashiondesigners.Dotheirunchangingstylesofdressreflectbasicqualitiesofstabilityandreliability?Thatisforyoutodecide.A.Changingfashionsarenothingmorethanthedeliberatecreationofwaste.B.Noonecanclaimthatthefashionindustrycontributesanythingreallyimportanttosociety.C.Thedifferencebetweenmenandwomeninthemaileroffashionisfascinating.D.Overtheyear,thegreatmajorityofmenhavesuccessfullyresistedallattemptstomakethemchangetheirstyleofdress.E.Becausetheyshudderatthethoughtofbeingseeninpublicinclothesthatareoutoffashion,theyareannuallyblack-mailedbythedesignersandthebigstores.Inthefollowingarticle,somesentenceshavebeenremoved.ForQuestions1?5,choosethemostsuitableonefromthelistatoetofitintoeachofthenumberedblank.

6.單選題Playerswillbe_______againstfourothersworldwideinatimedcompetitiontoanswertriviaquestionsfromthe1950stopresentday.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.trifledB.wreathedC.instigatedD.pitted7.單選題Butcellphoneshadbeenaroundfor15yearsbeforetheycaughtonwith_______America.Bythatyardstick,broadband—widelyavailableforonlythepastcoupleofyears—hasmanymoremilestogo.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.main-topmastB.mainstayC.mainarteryD.mainstream8.單選題Asapersonwhocombinescarewith_______,Marisacompletedherdutieswith_______aswellaszeal.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.levity...resignationB.enthusiasm...meticulousnessC.vitality...willingnessD.empathy...rigor9.單選題Whentraveling,youareadvisedtotaketravelers'checks,whichprovideasecure_______tocarryingyourmoneyincash.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.substituteB.selectionC.inferenceD.alternative10.單選題Inthewakeofthe70-vehiclepileup,aslewoflawsuitsareexpectedtobe_______againstdrivers,truckingcompaniesandseveralstateagenciesallegingnegligenceandwrongfuldeath.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.subjectedB.filedC.committedD.surrendered11.單選題Ournetworksecuritysolutionsarebeingusedbydozensofmerchantsathundreds'oflocationsacrossthecountrythatsupportPCI_______requirements.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.complianceB.controversyC.quiescenceD.asseverating12.單選題Butlikemany,TurnerisgrowingalittletiredasFlorida'sbusyhurricaneseasoncontinuesto_______nervesandextendhardships.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.sprainB.frayC.distortD.scuffle13.單選題CNBC,thecablebusinessnetwork,andtheNewYorkTimeshavejoinedforcestocreateanallianceagainstacommon_______:RupertMurdoch'sNewsCorp.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.voidB.foeC.cockpitD.gist14.單選題Anynationthatinterferesintheinternalaffairsofanothernationshouldbe_______condemned.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.verballyB.universallyC.wickedlyD.visually15.單選題Sincetheearly1990s,conservationistshave_______protectingtheAmazoninpartbecauseofitsabundanceofplantandanimalspecies.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.calledforthB.calledbackC.calledupD.calledfor16.單選題By1817theUnitedStatesConfesshad_______allinternaltaxesandwasrelyingontariffsonimportedgoodstoprovidesufficientrevenuestorunthegovernment.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.allocatedB.distributedC.eliminatedD.collected17.單選題Everydaytherearereportsof_______thathavebeencommittedagainstinnocentpeople.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.behaviorsB.fixturesC.subordinatesD.atrocities18.單選題PresidentBushwarnedCongressonWednesdaythatinactiononhispushto_______SocialSecuritycouldbreedpoliticalrepercussions.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.accustomB.formulateC.overhaulD.dismantle19.單選題Apersonwhois_______typicallyhasanxiousthoughtsanddifficultyconcentrationorremembering.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.stressedB.exploitedC.preventedD.conquered20.單選題ThechancesofinfectionofBSEor"mad-cowdisease"maybeslight,butthatdoesnotstoppeople_______beefenmasse.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.shunningB.ignoringC.disregardingD.affronting第1卷參考答案一.綜合題1.【答案】B【解析】dement使發(fā)狂;divulge泄露,暴露;retaliate報(bào)復(fù);disservice傷害,虐待。句意：薩拉斯是國(guó)王郡1.3萬(wàn)名雇員之一,他們將被要求私下透露自己是否超重、是否吸煙或是否有其他與健康有關(guān)的惡習(xí)。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。2.【答案】D【解析】indistinctly不清楚地,分不清地;separately分別地,分離地;irrelevantly無(wú)關(guān)地,不相干地;independently獨(dú)立地。句意：語(yǔ)言、文化和人格在思想上可以相互獨(dú)立,但實(shí)際上是不可分割的。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

3.【答案】OnUniversityItisaclearfactthatourcountryattachesgreatimportancetoeducationandtherearemuchmorestudentswhobecomeuniversityfreshmeneachyear.Althoughtheyhaveenteredintotheiridealsanctum,dotheyreallyknowabouttheuniversity?Inmyopinion,universityisnotonlyaplaceofacquiringknowledgebutaplaceofgettingintegrateddevelopmentaswell.Auniversitystudentisonthebestphaseofforminghisowncharacteranddevelopinghisall-aroundcapacity.However,teachersintheclassstillkeeptotraditionalteachingmethod,whichhardlycreateakindofenvironmentwherestudentshavechancetoexpresstheirownthoughts.Inaddition,auniversitycanbedescribedasabridgebetweenstudentsandsociety.Ifitdoesn’tlinkthebothsides,ornotenough,oncestudentsstepintosociety,theymaybepuzzledbymanythingsandscarcelyknowhowtodealwiththem.Sohowtoimproveuniversityeducation?Weshouldinnovateuponteachingmethodonthebasisoftraditionalonesoastoletstudentshavemorechancestospeakouttheirownthinking.Wecanalsoholdasmalldiscussingmeetingtodealwiththerealproblemsfromsociety,thereforewhenstudentsgooutofthecampus,theywilladaptthemselvestothesocietyquickly.Tosumup,nowadaysthemainproblemsexistinginuniversityeducationisthatmoststudentslackofabilitytothinkindependentlyandtodealwithcomplexthingsinoursociety.I’msuretheseproblemswillbesolvedaslongascorrectandeffectivemeasurescanbetaken.4.【答案】C【解析】pickover仔細(xì)檢查或挑選；pickoff摘掉，拔去；pickon選中，批評(píng)，欺負(fù)；pickout挑選出。句意：我們很容易受欺負(fù)，因?yàn)槲覀儽徽J(rèn)為是一群愚蠢的土包子和鄉(xiāng)巴佬。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。5.【答案】（1）D（2）E（3）A（4）B（5）C【解析】1.上文提到，電影中的女士會(huì)讓人覺得外表和現(xiàn)在相比差別很大，而男士卻沒什么變化。這種錯(cuò)覺是由不斷變化的時(shí)尚造成的。填空處的下文提到女性對(duì)時(shí)尚改變的態(tài)度和反應(yīng)，由此可推斷，填空處應(yīng)該是指男士對(duì)時(shí)尚改變的態(tài)度，兩者形成對(duì)比。選項(xiàng)D正確。2.上一句提到：如果婦女年復(fù)一年受到無(wú)情的剝削,那只能怪她們自己。選項(xiàng)E道出了受到無(wú)情剝削的原因，符合原文邏輯。3.本段主要講述女性浪費(fèi)金錢購(gòu)買衣服或花費(fèi)時(shí)間修改衣服。選項(xiàng)A概括了本段內(nèi)容。4.本段主要講設(shè)計(jì)師們只關(guān)注服裝的外在形式，而并不關(guān)注實(shí)用的東西。選項(xiàng)B符合本段大意。5.根據(jù)下文的內(nèi)容：人們不禁要問(wèn)，不斷變化的女裝時(shí)尚是否反映了基本原則易變和不穩(wěn)定的特性?接下來(lái)提到男士對(duì)待時(shí)尚的態(tài)度。作者對(duì)男女對(duì)待時(shí)尚的不同態(tài)度提出了質(zhì)疑。選項(xiàng)C符合原文邏輯。6.【答案】D【解析】trifle浪費(fèi),虛度;wreathe環(huán)繞盤旋;instigate教唆,慫恿;pit使留疤痕,使競(jìng)爭(zhēng),pitagainst使與……對(duì)抗,使競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。句意：玩家將在一場(chǎng)計(jì)時(shí)比賽中與來(lái)自世界各地的另外四名玩家進(jìn)行較量,回答從20世紀(jì)60年代至今的一些瑣碎問(wèn)題。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。7.【答案】D【解析】main-topmast[航海]主桅中桅；mainstay中流砥柱；mainartery主要干線；mainstream主流。句意：在手機(jī)成為美國(guó)主流之前，它已經(jīng)存在了15年。按照這個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，寬帶還有很長(zhǎng)的路要走——寬帶僅在過(guò)去幾年才普及。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。8.【答案】B【解析】levity...resignation輕率屈從;enthusiasm...meticulousness熱情嚴(yán)謹(jǐn);vitality...willingness活力樂(lè)意;empathy…rigor同情嚴(yán)厲。句意：Marisa是一個(gè)細(xì)心與熱情相結(jié)合的人,她一絲不茍、兢兢業(yè)業(yè)地完成了自己的職責(zé)。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。9.【答案】D【解析】substitute替代物；preference偏愛；selection選擇，指從相當(dāng)數(shù)量中進(jìn)行選擇，強(qiáng)調(diào)數(shù)量多和慎重的判斷和鑒別；alternative可供選擇的，強(qiáng)調(diào)在兩個(gè)中選一個(gè)。句意：旅游的時(shí)候建議你帶上旅行支票，作為攜帶現(xiàn)金的一個(gè)安全替代方式。選項(xiàng)D正確。10.【答案】B【解析】subject使屈從于……,使隸屬;file把……歸檔,提出(申請(qǐng)等);commit犯罪,做錯(cuò)事;surrender投降,自首。句意：在這起70輛汽車連環(huán)相撞事件發(fā)生后,預(yù)計(jì)將對(duì)司機(jī)、貨運(yùn)公司和幾家州政府機(jī)構(gòu)提起一系列訴訟,指控他們玩忽職守和過(guò)失殺人。filealawsuitagainst控告,起訴。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。11.【答案】A【解析】compliance遵從,服從;controversy爭(zhēng)論,辯論;quiescence靜止,沉默;asseverate鄭重聲明,斷言。句意：我們的網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全解決方案正被全國(guó)各地?cái)?shù)百家支持PCI兼容需求的商家所使用。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。12.【答案】B【解析】sprain扭傷；fray（使關(guān)系、神經(jīng)等）緊張；distort扭曲，曲解；scuffle混戰(zhàn)。句意：和許多人一樣，特納也越來(lái)越累了，因?yàn)榉鹆_里達(dá)多颶風(fēng)的季節(jié)不斷地使人們神經(jīng)緊張，造成更多的苦難。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

13.【答案】B【解析】void空間,空虛;foe反對(duì)者,敵人,對(duì)手;cockpit駕駛員座艙,戰(zhàn)場(chǎng);gist主旨,要點(diǎn)。句意：有線商業(yè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)CNBC（消費(fèi)者新聞與商業(yè)頻道）和《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》聯(lián)手創(chuàng)建了一個(gè)聯(lián)盟來(lái)對(duì)抗共同的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手:RupertMurdoch的新聞集團(tuán)。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。14.【答案】B【解析】verbally口頭地；universally普遍地；wickedly惡劣地，居心叵測(cè)地；visually視覺地。句意：任何干涉他國(guó)內(nèi)政的國(guó)家都應(yīng)受到普遍譴責(zé)。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。15.【答案】D【解析】calledforth引起,喚起;calledback召回;calledup召集,提出;calledfor呼吁,提倡。句意：自從1990年起,環(huán)保人士一直呼吁保護(hù)亞馬遜,因?yàn)樵摰貐^(qū)有著豐富的動(dòng)植物物種。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。16.【答案】C【解析】allocated分配;distributed分發(fā);eliminated忽略,除去;collected收集。句意：到1817年,美國(guó)承認(rèn)取消了所有的國(guó)內(nèi)稅收,運(yùn)行政府依靠進(jìn)口商品的關(guān)稅來(lái)提供足夠的收入。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。17.【答案】D【解析】behavior舉止,行為；fixture設(shè)備,固定裝置;subordinate下屬;atrocity暴行，殘暴。句意：每天都有關(guān)于對(duì)無(wú)辜人民實(shí)施暴行的報(bào)道。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。18.【答案】C【解析】accustom使習(xí)慣于；formulate用公式表示，明確地表達(dá)；overhaul檢查，革新；dismantle拆除，取消。句意：布什總統(tǒng)于星期三對(duì)國(guó)會(huì)發(fā)出警告，如果不支持他推動(dòng)社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)的全面改革可能會(huì)產(chǎn)生政治影響。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。19.【答案】A【解析】stressed緊張的,有壓力的;exploited利用,剝削;prevented阻止,避免;conquered戰(zhàn)勝,征服。句意：壓力大的人通常有焦慮的想法,難以集中注意力或記憶。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。20.【答案】A【解析】shun避開,避免;ignore不理睬,忽視;disregard漠視;affront公開侮辱，冒犯。句意：感染瘋牛病的概率是很小的，但這并不能阻止人們大量食用牛肉。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。第2卷一.綜合題(共20題)1.單選題Activistparentssayschoolkidsaren't_______enoughtounderstandthatafruit-flavoredsoftdrinkdoesn'thavethenutritionalbenefitsofrealfruit.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.adulteratedB.mingledC.sophisticatedD.refined2.單選題TheworkersofspaceshuttleDiscoverygotintothebackoftheshuttletolookfor_______intheelectronicsthatsenddatafromthesensorstoonboardcomputers.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.glitchesB.suspectsC.orbitersD.pitches3.單選題Ifacountrywantstodevelopitseconomysuccessfully,therehastobeaclear_______ofitssocialneeds.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.assessmentB.assumptionC.assuranceD.appreciation4.單選題ThesenatorofNewYorkcourtedblackvoters,consideredcrucialto_______theDemocraticpresidentialnomination,inaseriesofcampaignstops.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.confiningB.securingC.tamperingD.pervading5.單選題Theworldisfacingthe_______ofwatershortagescausedbypopulationgrowth,unevensuppliesofwater,pollution,andotherfactors.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.prospectB.insightC.locationD.anticipation6.單選題Identitytheftcanrangeforthesimpletheftofacreditcard,oritcangointomorecomplexschemeswherethethievescan_______hundredsofpeopleatatime.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.embodyB.impersonateC.personifyD.assume7.單選題Theflickerofimpatienceinthehusband'seyesmeltsintobemused_______ashiswifeasksfor"justalittlemoretime"atthemall.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.resignationB.regradationC.retiralD.reverse8.單選題Sincetheislandsoilhasbeenbarrenforsomanyyears,thenativesmustnow_______muchoftheirfood.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.deliverB.importC.produceD.develop9.單選題Certainanimalbehaviors,suchasmatingrituals'seemtobe_______,andtherefore_______externalfactorssuchasclimatechanges,foodsupply,orthepresenceofotheranimalsofthesamespecies.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.learned...immunetoB.innate...unaffectedbyC.intricate...belongtoD.specific...confusedwith10.單選題Rentalhousing,whichisanimportantcomponentofpriceindices,lookslikelytomoderateinthenextyear,inpartbecauseofan_______ofnewhomes.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.overrideB.oversupplyC.oversightD.overture11.單選題Theymightbewillingtomovefromcountrytocountry,untiltheyendupinabackwaternationwithnolawsorlawmakerstospeakof,andcanproceedwiththeirmiserably_______experiments.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.well-builtB.ill-conceivedC.well-groomedD.ill-bred12.單選題Itisironicthatthe_______insightsofthegreatthinkersarevoicedsooftenthattheyhavebecomemere_______.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.original...clichesB.banal...beliefsC.dubious...habitsD.philosophical...questions13.單選題Howeverimportantwemayregardschoollifetobe,thereisnodenyingthefactthatchildrenspendmoretimeathomethanintheclassroom.Therefore,thegreatinfluenceofparentscannotbeignoredor_______bytheteacher.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.exaggeratedB.discountedC.overestimatedD.verified14.案例題Mostofustellonetwoliesaday,accordingtoscientistswhostudythesethings.Andwerarelygetcaught,becausethelieswetellareusuallylittleones:"Igotstuckintraffic.""Thatcolorlooksgoodonyou.""Iwasjustabouttocall."Buteventhesmallestfibmaysoonbesystematicallyexposed,atleastinthevirtualWorld.Researchersatseveraluniversitiesaredevelopingsoftwarethatcandetectliesinonlinecommunicationssuchasinstantmessagese-mailsandchatrooms.Theabilitytospot"digitaldeception",asresearcherscallit,hasneverbeenmorecrucial.Today,muchofourbusinessandsociallifeisconductedonline,makingusincreasinglyvulnerable.Whitecollarcriminals,sexualpredators,scammers,identitythievesandeventerroristssurfthesameWebastherestofus.Conventionalliedetectorslookforphysiologicalsignsofanxiety—abeadofsweatoraracingpulse—butonlinesystemsexamineonlytheliar'swords."Whenwe'relookingatlanguage,we'relookingatthetoolofthelie,"saysJeffHancock,anassistantprofessorofcommunicationandamemberofthefacultyofcomputingandinformationscienceatCornellUniversity.Hancock,whorecentlyreceiveda$680,000grantfromtheNationalScienceFoundationtostudydigitaldeception,saysthereisagrowingbodyofevidencethatthelanguageofdishonestmessagesisdifferentthanthatofhonestones.Forexample,onestudyledbyHancockandduetobepublishedthisspringinDiscourseProcessesfoundthatdeceptivee-mailmessagescontained28percentmorewordsonaverageandusedahigherpercentageofwordsassociatedwithnegativeemotionsthandidtruthfulmessages.Liarsalsotendtousefewerfirst-personreferences(suchasthepronoun"I")andmorethird-personreferences(suchas"he"and"they").Thismaybetheliar'ssubconsciouswayofdistancinghimselffromhislie.Moresurprising,Hancockandhiscolleagueshaveobservedthatthetargetsofliarsalsoexhibitdistinctivelanguagepatterns.Forinstance,peoplewhoarebeingdeceivedoftenuseshortersentencesandaskmorequestions.Eventhoughtheymaynotbeawarethattheyarebeingliedto,peopleseemtoexhibitsubconscioussuspicions.Toidentifythepatternsofdeceit,Hancockhasdevelopedaninstant-messagingsystematCornellthatasksuserstoratethedeceptivenessofeachmessagetheysend.Thesystemhasalreadycollected10,000messages,ofwhichabout6percentqualifyaspatentlydeceptive.Eventuallytheresultswillbeincorporatedintosoftwarethatanalyzesincomingmessages.Fornow,theCornellresearchersareworkingonlywiththekindsofliestoldbystudentsandfaculty.Itremainstobeseenwhethersuchasystemcanbescaleduptohandle"big"lies,suchasmessagessentbyconartistsandterrorists.Fortunately,theresearchsofarsuggeststhatpeoplelielessoftenine-mailthanface-to-faceoronthephone.Perhapsthisisbecausepeoplearereluctanttoputtheirliesinwriting.Hancockspeculates."Ane-mailgeneratesmultiplecopies,"hesays."Itwilllastlongerthansomethingcarvedinrock."Sochooseyourwordscarefully.Theinternetmaysoonberidnotonlydeceitbutalsooflameexcuses.1.Thedigitalpolygraphconductstestingbasedon（）.2.Listoneofthedifferencesbetweenfalsepretencesandunfeignedmessages,accordingtoHancock'sstudy.3.Thelanguagepatternsofthoseharboringsuspiciousperspectiveswouldbecharacteristicsof.4.WhydoesHancockneedtheratingresultsofthemessagedeceptiveness?5.Whydopeoplelielessine-mailmessagesthanconfrontingwitheachotheraccordingtoHancock'sspeculation?

15.單選題Thehighunemploymentratesoftheearly1960soccasionedaspiriteddebatewithintheeconomicsprofession.Onegroupfoundtheprimarycauseofunemploymentinslowgrowthandthesolutionineconomicexpansion.Theotherfoundthemajorexplanationinchangesthathadoccurredinthesupplyanddemandforlaborandstressedmeasuresformatchingdemandwithsupply.Theexpansionistschoolofthought,withtheCouncilofEconomicAdvisersasitsleadingadvocates,attributedthepersistentlyhighunemploymentleveltoaslowrateofeconomicgrowthresultingfromadeficiencyofaggregatedemandforgoodsandservices.ThemajorityofthisschoolendorsedthepositionoftheCouncilthattaxreductionwouldeventuallyreducetheunemploymentlevelto4%ofthelaborforcewithnootherassistance.At4%,bottlenecksinskilledlabor,middle-levelmanpower,andprofessionalpersonnelwereexpectedtoretardgrowthandgeneratewage-pricepressures.Togobeyond4%,theinterimgoaloftheCouncil,itwasrecognizedthatimprovededucation,training,andretraining,andotherstructuralmeasureswouldberequired.Someexpansionistsinsistedthatthedemandforgoodsandserviceswasnearlysatiatedandthatitwasimpossiblefortheprivatesectortoabsorbasignificantincreaseinoutput.Intheirestimate,onlythelower-incomefifthofthepopulationandthepublicsectorofferedsufficientoutletsfortheproductiveeffortsofthepotentiallaborforce.Thefactthattheneedsofthepoorandthemanyunmetdemandsforpublicservicesheldhigherprioritythanthedemandsofthemarketplaceinthevaluestructureofthisgroupnodoubtinfluencedtheireconomicjudgments.Thosewhofoundthemajorcauseofunemploymentinstructuralfeatureswereprimarilylaboreconomists,concernedprofessionallywithefficientfunctioningoflabormarketsthroughprogramstodevelopskillsandplaceindividualworkers.TheymaintainedthatincreasedaggregatedemandwasanecessarybutnotsufficientconditionforreachingeithertheCEA's4%targetortheirownpreferred3%.Thispessimismwasbased,inpart,ontheconclusionthatunemploymentamongtheyoung,theunskilled,minoritygroups,anddepressedgeographicalareasisnoteasilyattackedbyincreasinggeneraldemand.Further,theirestimateofthenumbersofpotentialmembersofthelaborforcewhohadwithdrawnornorenteredbecauseoflackofemploymentopportunitywassubstantiallyhigherthanthatoftheCEA.Theyalsoprojectedthatincreaseddemandwouldputaddedpressureonskillsalreadyinshortsupplyratherthanemploytheunemployed,andthatbecauseoftechnologicalchange,whichwasreplacingmanpower,muchhigherlevelsofdemandwouldbenecessarytocreatethesamenumberofjobs.Thestructuralschool,too,haditshyperenthusiasts:Fiscalconservativeswho,asanalternativetoexpansionarypolicies,arguedthenotveryplausiblepositionthatajobwasavailableforeveryperson,providedonlythatheorshehadtherequisiteskillsorwouldrelocate.Suchextremistpositionsaside,therewasactuallyconsiderableagreementbetweentwomaingroups,thoughthiswasnotrecognizedatthelime.Bothrealizedtheadvisabilityofataxcuttoincreasedemand,andbothneededtoreduceunemploymentbelowapointaround4%.Ineithercase,thepolicyimplicationsdifferedinemphasisandnotincontent.1.Theauthor'streatmentofthe"hyperenthusiasts"canbestbedescribedasoneof().2.Accordingtothepassage,therewasagooddealofagreementbetweentheexpansionistandstructuralisttheorieson().3.Althoughtheyagreedthatanincreaseindemandwasnecessarytoreduceunemployment,theexpansionistsarguedthat().4.Theauthordiscountsthevalueoftheexpansionists'judgmentbypointingoutthatit().5.Itcanbeinferredthatthehyperenthusiastscontendedthat().問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.toleranceB.appreciationC.dismissalD.sarcasm問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)A.howtoreduceunemploymentinthe1960sB.howtoreduceunemploymentto4percentC.whatrolethegovernmentplayedinreducingunemploymentD.howtoeliminatestructuraldeficiencies問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)A.importanceshouldbeattachedtostructuralmeasuressuchaseducationandtrainingB.politicallyconservativepoliciesshouldbemadeintheefforttoreduceunemploymentC.ataxcutwouldnotbesufficienttohelptocreateincreaseddemandD.governmentspendingtoincreasedemandshouldfundprogramsforlowerincomegroupsandpublicservices問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)A.wasnotborneoutwithsufficientinformationB.wascoloredbytheirpoliticalviewpointC.wasnotmadefromaprofessionalpointofviewD.wasdeemedtobeimpracticalandthusincorrect問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)A.theproblemofunemploymentcouldbesolvedwithgovernmentretrainingandeducationprogramsB.thenumberofpeopleunemployedwasgreatlyoverestimatedbytheCouncilofEconomicAdvisersC.thepoorhadagreaterneedforexpandedgovernmentservicesthanthemoreaffluentportionofthepopulationD.fiscalpoliciesalonewerepowerfulenoughtoreducethejoblessrateto4percentoftheworkforce16.單選題Togiveyouageneralideaofourproducts,weenclosethecataloguesshowingvariousproductshandledbyuswithdetailed_______andmeansofpacking.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.specimensB.inspectionsC.samplesD.specifications17.單選題Ipersonallyamoffendedbywhattheyhavetriedtodoinaverymisleadingwaywith,whatI'vesaidabouttwoofmypersonal_______,PresidentKennedyandDr.MartinLutherKingJr.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.resemblanceB.statuesC.iconsD.parable18.單選題Youinvestintheequitymarkettoprovideyourselfwithstreamoffuturedividendswhichwillhopefully_______inflation.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.outpaceB.outfaceC.outgrowD.outlaw19.單選題TheBritishhistorianNiallFergusonspeculatedthattheendofAmerican_______mightnotfuelanorderlyshifttoamultipolarsystem.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.domainB.hegemonyC.sovereigntyD.preference20.單選題Womenoncedemandedmenwith______socialskills,butthey'renowfocusingon"hisvalues,ifhe’sinterestedinfamily".問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.impeditiveB.colossalC.blemishD.impeccable第2卷參考答案一.綜合題1.【答案】C【解析】adulterated摻入次級(jí)品的;mingle（使）混合;sophisticated富有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的，老練的;refine精煉，改善。句意：一些激進(jìn)的父母說(shuō)，學(xué)校里的孩子還不夠成熟，不能理解水果味的軟飲料并不含有水果中所含的營(yíng)養(yǎng)物質(zhì)。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。2.【答案】A【解析】glitch失靈，小故障；suspect嫌疑犯；orbiter盤旋物，人造衛(wèi)星；pitch斜度。句意：航天飛機(jī)“發(fā)現(xiàn)者”號(hào)上的工作人員們進(jìn)入飛機(jī)的后部，尋找將數(shù)據(jù)從傳感器發(fā)送到機(jī)載計(jì)算機(jī)上的電子設(shè)備的故障。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。3.【答案】A【解析】assessment評(píng)定,估價(jià);assumption設(shè)想,假定;assurance確信,保證;appreciation欣賞,鑒別,感激。句意：一個(gè)國(guó)家要想成功地發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì),就必須對(duì)其社會(huì)需求進(jìn)行明確的評(píng)估。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。4.【答案】B【解析】confine限制;secure保護(hù),固定;tamper干預(yù),削弱;pervade遍及。句意：這位來(lái)自紐約的參議員在一系列競(jìng)選活動(dòng)中設(shè)法爭(zhēng)取黑人選民的支持,黑人選民被認(rèn)為是確保民主黨總統(tǒng)候選人提名的關(guān)鍵。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。5.【答案】D【解析】prospect展望,前途;insight洞察力,見識(shí);location位置,場(chǎng)所;anticipation預(yù)期,預(yù)感。句意：世界將面臨著所預(yù)期的因人口增長(zhǎng),供水不平衡,污染等因素造成的水資源短缺問(wèn)題。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。6.【答案】B【解析】embody使具體化;impersonate模仿,扮演;personify賦予...以人性,使人格化;assume假定,設(shè)想。句意：身份盜竊可以簡(jiǎn)単地歸類于信用卡盜竊，也可以是更復(fù)雜的方案，比如竊賊可以一次冒充數(shù)百人。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。7.【答案】A【解析】resignation放棄,順從;regradation倒退,后退;retiral退休,撤退;reverse相反,倒退。句意：當(dāng)妻子要求在商場(chǎng)“再多待一會(huì)兒”時(shí),丈夫眼中閃現(xiàn)的不耐煩化為了呆滯的放棄。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。8.【答案】B【解析】deliver投遞,發(fā)表;import進(jìn)口,輸入;produce生產(chǎn),創(chuàng)作;develop發(fā)展,開發(fā)。句意：由于島上的土壤多年來(lái)一直貧瘠,當(dāng)?shù)厝爽F(xiàn)在必須進(jìn)口大量食物。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。9.【答案】B【解析】learned...immuneto學(xué)到的不受感染;innate...unaffectedby先天的不受影響;intricate...belongto復(fù)雜的屬于;specific...confusedwith特定的混淆。句意：某些動(dòng)物的行為,如交配儀式,似乎是與生俱來(lái)的,因此不受外部因素的影響,如氣候變化,食物供應(yīng),或其他動(dòng)物相同物種的存在。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。10.【答案】B【解析】override推翻,踐踏;oversupply過(guò)度供給;oversight監(jiān)管,疏忽;overture建議。句意：作為價(jià)格指數(shù)的一個(gè)重要組成部分,租賃住房的價(jià)格明年可能會(huì)回落,部分原因是新房供應(yīng)過(guò)剩。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。11.【答案】B【解析】well-built體格健美的,體型勻稱的;ill-conceived沒有想好的;計(jì)劃不周的;well-groomed被小心照料的，整潔的;ill-bred缺乏教養(yǎng)的;粗魯?shù)?。句意：他們可能愿意從一個(gè)國(guó)家遷移到另一個(gè)國(guó)家，直到他們最終生活在一個(gè)沒有法律或立法者的落后國(guó)家，這樣就能夠繼續(xù)進(jìn)行他們?cè)愀獾挠?jì)劃不周的實(shí)驗(yàn)。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。12.【答案】A【解析】original...cliches原始的,獨(dú)創(chuàng)的陳詞濫調(diào);banal...beliefs陳腐的信仰;dubious…h(huán)abits可疑的習(xí)慣;philosophical...questions哲學(xué)的問(wèn)題。句意：具有諷刺意味的是,偉大思想家的獨(dú)到見解經(jīng)常被人提出,以至于成為陳詞濫調(diào)。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。13.【答案】B【解析】exaggerated夸大,言過(guò)其實(shí)的;discounted打折的;overestimated過(guò)高評(píng)價(jià)的;verified核實(shí)的。句意：無(wú)論我們多么重視學(xué)校生活,不可否認(rèn)的事實(shí)是孩子們呆在家里的時(shí)間比在教室里的時(shí)間多。因此,父母的巨大影響是不能被老師忽視或者大打折扣的。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。14.【答案】1.theliar'swords.2.Acc