初中各時(shí)態(tài)知識(shí)點(diǎn)講解

初中時(shí)態(tài)知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)一、 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)時(shí)態(tài)：用法1、經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作例：JimwatchesTVeveryday.2、 現(xiàn)在的特征或狀態(tài)例：Heis12yearsold.3、 自然現(xiàn)象或客觀真理例：Theearthgoesroundthesun.1、 與一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)連用的時(shí)間狀語：usually,often,always,everyday,now,sometimes,onSundays等。2、 四個(gè)基本句型：肯定句：Jimisateacher.LilywatchesTVeveryday.TheywatchTVeveryday.否定句：JimisnotateacherLilydoesn'twatcheveryday.Theydon'twatchTVeveryday.一般疑問句：IsJimateacherYes,heis.No,heisn't.DoesLilywatchTVeverydayYes,shedoes.No,shedoesn't.DotheywatchTVeverydayYes,theydo.No,theydon't.特殊疑問句:WhatisJimWhatdoesLilydoeverydayWhatdotheydoeveryday3、動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)構(gòu)成規(guī)則：1、一般在動(dòng)詞尾加s.例：play-plays2、 以s,x,ch,sh結(jié)尾的詞加s例：watch-watches3、 以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的詞，改y為i,再加es例：study-studies4、 特殊變化的有：be-ishave-hasgo-goesdo-does練習(xí)：用所給動(dòng)詞適當(dāng)形式填空 (be)JimandIinthesameclassNo,you .Yournewbook (be)overthere.Jim,why (be)youlateforschoolJim'ssister (do)herhomeworkeveryday.She (notdo)morningexerciseseveryday. yourmotheralways (do)herhomeworkLucyusually (have)breakfastat7inthemorning. ourteacher (has)anypencils LucyandLily (like)ChinaLiLei (notdrink)orangeeveryday改錯(cuò)：每句有一處錯(cuò)誤IssheMr.Green'sdaughterYes,she's. AreyouMr.WangYes,youare. Hermotherdoesn'toftenbrushesherteeth. DotheywatchTVeverydayYes,theydoes. Lucyreadbooksat7everyday. Jimnotcookseveryday. IsJimanEnglishteacherNo,hearen't. Lucydoesn'thaslunchatschooleveryday. Jim'sbrotherisgotoschooleveryday. Theboysareoftengotothezoo. 寫出動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式Eatwatchseesaygobedohave句型轉(zhuǎn)換Jimisatschooltoday.否定句： 一般疑問句： Yes和NO回答: 特殊疑問句： LucywatchesTVeveryday.否定句： 一般疑問句： Yes和NO回答: 特殊疑問句： Theboysgotoschooleveryday.否定句： 一般疑問句： Yes和NO回答: 特殊疑問句： 二、 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)用法：1、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作例：JimisreadinganEnglishbooknow.2、當(dāng)前一段時(shí)期內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作例：TheyarelivinginWuhanthesedays.1、 與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)連用的時(shí)間狀語：now,thesedays，或有l(wèi)ook,listen的提示2、 構(gòu)成：be+現(xiàn)在分詞3、 四個(gè)基本句型肯定句：JimiswatchingTVnow.否定句：JimisnotwatchingTVnow.一般疑問句：IsJimwatchingTVnowYes,heis.No,heisn't.特殊疑問句：WhatisJimdoingnow4、現(xiàn)在分詞的構(gòu)成1、一般動(dòng)詞詞尾加ing例：read-reading2、 以不發(fā)音字母e結(jié)尾的詞，去e加ing例：make-making3、 一個(gè)元音字母加一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾重讀的詞，雙寫輔音字母再加ing.例:put-putting4、 特殊的有：be-beinglie-lyingtie-tyingdie-dying5、 少數(shù)動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的表示將要發(fā)生、常見的有：go,come,leave,fly,move,start,arrive,do...例：HeisleavingWuhanforBeijing.他將要離開武漢去北京。WhatisJimdoingonvocation吉姆度假打算做什么？練習(xí)：用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空Where'sourteacherHe (watchTV)overtherenow.They (be)intheroomnow.Listen!LucyandLily (talk)abouttheweather.Bequiet!Myteacher (say)something.Look!LucyandLily (swim)intheriver.Itis8o'clock.They (have)anEnglishclass. you (study)EnglishYes,Iam.Mr.Smithcan'tcome.He (have)ameeting.(會(huì)議)改錯(cuò)：每句有一處錯(cuò)誤Ishereadingnewspaperseveryday AretheyplayingfootballNo,theydon't. Theyarerunningontheplayground. Look!Thestudentsplayingbasketball. TheyarewatchTVintheroomnow. LucyandLilyaresinginganddance. Lucyarenowdoherhomeworkatschool. Listen!JimandTomdon'tnowsinging. 寫出動(dòng)詞的ing形式Writestudyhavedobeeatsingget句型轉(zhuǎn)換Hermotherisreadingnow.否定句： 一般疑問句： 用yes和NO回答： 特殊疑問句： 三、 一般過去時(shí)態(tài)用法:過去時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。例：HismotherwatchedTVyesterdayevening.Jimwasathomelastnight.1、與一般過去時(shí)連用的時(shí)間狀語：yesterday,lastmonth,twodaysago,inl99&theotherday（幾天前），lastyear2、 四個(gè)基本句型肯定句：Jimwasathomeyesterday.LilywatchedTVlastnight.否定句:Jimwasnotathomeyesterday.LilydidnotwatchTVlastnight.一般疑問句：WasJimathomeyesterdayDidLilywatchTVlastnightYes,hewas.No,hewa'st.nYes,shedid.No,shed'itd.n特殊疑問句：WherewasJimyesterdayWhatdidLilydolastnight3、動(dòng)詞的過去式的構(gòu)成規(guī)則：1、一般在詞尾加ed.例：want-wanted2、 以e結(jié)尾的詞，只加d.例：live-lived3、 輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的詞，改y-i,再加ed.例：study-studied4、一^元音字母加一^輔音字母結(jié)尾且重讀的詞，雙寫輔音字母，再加ed.例：stop-stopped練習(xí):用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空J(rèn)im (break)apenyesterday.Lucy (notdo)thehomeworklastnight. Lily (clean)theroomthismorningNo,she .Where they (has)lunchyesterdayHowmanyapples you (buy)yesterday (be)theyallhereyesterdayNo,they .When (be)hebornMatch8th.I (notbe)atschoolyesterday.Jimgotupand (brush)histeeth.Look!Hermother (clean)theclassroom.改錯(cuò)：每處有一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤Wewasatschoolthedaybeforeyesterday. DidLucyandLilyvisitthefarmYes,theydo. Everydayshewenttothefarmwithus. Theystopedtohaveadrinkafterwalkingsofar. Shereadsthebookandlistenedtotheradioyesterdayevening. Theydidn'twatchedTVyesterday. WhatdidtheymadelastSunday. Shewaswenttoschoolearlyyesterday. 寫出動(dòng)詞的過去式Dancestudyplayget句型轉(zhuǎn)換Jimwasillyesterday.否定句： 一般疑問句： 用yes和NO回答： 特殊疑問句： Lucyplayedtheguitaryesterday.否定句： 一般疑問句： 用yes和NO回答： 特殊疑問句： 四、 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)用法：1、過去某個(gè)時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作例：Jimwascookingatsixlastnight.2、過去一段時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作例：IwasstayingherefromMarchtoMaylastyear.1、 與過去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)連用的時(shí)間狀語：atsixlastnight,then=atthattime,atthistimeyesterday或有whentheteachercamein和whilehewasreading這樣的從句2、 四個(gè)基本句型：肯定句：Jimwascookingatsixlastnight.否定句：Jimwasnotcookingatsixlastnight.一般疑問句：WasJimcookingatsixlastnightYes,hewas.No,hewasn't.特殊疑問句：WhatwasJimdoingatsixlastnight3、 構(gòu)成：was/were+動(dòng)詞ing.練習(xí)：用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空J(rèn)im (watch)TVlastnight.Jim (watch)TVatninelastnight.NowJim'ssister (read)anEnglishbook. you (have)supperatthattime.What he (do)atninelastnightJim (notread)abookateightyesterdayevening. Lily (draw)acatwhentheteachercameinNo,she .Whentheteachercamein,thestudents (read)thetext.Hermother (cook)whileherfatherwaswatchingTV.LucyandLily (make)thebedat7lastnight.改錯(cuò)句：每句有一處錯(cuò)誤Jimwaswritecarefullyatninelastnight. Tomorrowtheywereswimmingintheriver. Atthattimeshelisteningtotheradio. JimandIwasplayingwhenLucycamein. IwasstudingEnglishwhentheteachercamein. WereyoucookingamealYes,Iwere. Jimisn'tdoinghishomeworkwhilehewaslisteningtothemusic.___Thefarmers (water)theflowerswhenwegottothefarm.句型轉(zhuǎn)換Lucywassingingintheroom.否定句：一般疑問句：Yes和No回答：特殊疑問句：對(duì)比一下三個(gè)句型：Jimwasreadingwhentheteachercamein.JimwasreadingwhileKatewaswatchingTV.JimcameinwhileKatewaswatchingTV.五、 一般將來時(shí)態(tài)：用法：將來某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。1、 構(gòu)成的有兩種方式：A:will+動(dòng)詞原形B:begoingto+動(dòng)詞原形例：Itwillraintomorrow.Jimisgoingtobuyapentomorrow.2、 四個(gè)基本句型：肯定句：Hewillbuyapentomorrow.Heisgoingtobuyapentomorrow.否定句：Hewillnotbuyapentomorrow.Heisnotgoingtobuyapentomorrow.一般疑問句：WillhebuyapentomorrowIshegoingtobuyapentomorrow特殊疑問句：WhatwillhedotomorrowWhatishegoingtodotomorrow3、 如果是第一人稱的疑問句，則用shall+動(dòng)詞原形例：Shallwegototheparkbybus4、 有時(shí)候be動(dòng)詞常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)例：WhatdayitistomorrowAreyoufreetomorrowIt'sSundaytomorrow.5、 與一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)連用的時(shí)間狀語：tomorrow,nextweek,soon,inthreedays,in2018練習(xí)：用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空Mymother (buy)apairofnewtrousersthisweekend.Jim (leave)forJapantomorrow.There (be)anEnglisheveningnextweek. we (have)ameetingnextMondayWho (teach)youEnglishnextyear Lucy (clean)theroomtomorrowNo,she .Thinkover,andyou (get)agoodidea.Lookatthestudents!They (play)basketballoverthere.改錯(cuò)：每句有一處錯(cuò)誤Hewillsinganddancesforustomorrow. AreyougoingtoswimYes,Iwill. HewillhelpJimwithhisEnglisheveryday. Thestudentswillnotplanttreesnextweek. Aretheygoingtoplaysbasketballtomorrow Willwegotovisitthefactorytomorrow Lucywillbegoingtocleantheroomnextmonth. WillTomgotoJapannextweekNo,heisn't. 句型轉(zhuǎn)換Jimisgoingtoplaybasketballtomorrow.否定句：一般疑問句：用yes和No回答：特殊疑問句：Tomwillplaytheviolinforustomorrow.否定句：一般疑問句：用yes和No回答：特殊疑問句：六、 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)用法：1、過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。例：YesterdayIfinishedthework.Thatistosay,Ihavefinishedmyhomework.2、過去時(shí)間開始，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作。例：Ihavelivedheresince1990.1、 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成：have/has+過去分詞2、 四個(gè)基本句型：肯定句：Hehascleanedtheroom.否定句：Hehasnotcleanedtheroom.一般疑問句：HashecleanedtheroomYes,hehas.No,hehasn't.特殊疑問句：Whathashedone3、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常和下列詞語搭配使用Ihavealreadyfoundmypen.（already已經(jīng)，在句中或句尾，用于肯定句）Haveyouboughtacomputeryet（yet已經(jīng)，在句尾，用于否定句和疑問句）Haveyouevervisitedthepark（ever曾經(jīng)，在句中）Ihavejustdonemywork.（just剛剛，在句中）Ihaveneverbeentherebefore.（never從不，在句中；before以前，在句尾）Sofarhehasleant200words.（sofar到目前為止，在句首或句尾）Howlonghaveyoulivedhere（howlong多久，對(duì)一段時(shí)間提問，多用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)）HowmanytimeshashebeentoBeijing（howmanytimes多少次，多用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)）4、 去了某地，還未回來，不再說話現(xiàn)場(chǎng)（可能在去的途中或已抵達(dá)目的地），主語一般為第三人稱單數(shù)）have/hasgoneto例：JimhasgonetoBeijing.去過某地，人已經(jīng)回來了，在說話的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)have/hasbeento例:JimhasbeentoBeijing.5、 for+—段時(shí)間常見于完成時(shí)態(tài)例：Jimhaslivedherefor2months.since+過去時(shí)間點(diǎn)常見于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)例：Jimhaslivedheresince2monthsago/sincehecameheretwomonthsago.6、 短暫性動(dòng)詞不能和一段時(shí)間連用例：LucyhasboughtthebookforlOdays.（錯(cuò)）原因：短暫性動(dòng)詞不能和一段時(shí)間lOdays連用。改正的辦法有三種：A:Lucyhasboughtthebook.（去掉一段時(shí)間for10days）B:Itis10dayssinceLucyboughtthebook.（固定句型：itis+—段時(shí)間since+一般過去式。C:LucyhashadthebookforlOdays.(用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞have代替瞬間動(dòng)詞buy)7、還有其它的短暫性動(dòng)詞舉例如下：come,arrive,getto,reach---beherego,leave---beaway例:Jimhasleftfor3hours.(錯(cuò))改為：Jimhasbeenawayfor3hours.begin,start---beonfinish,end---beover例:Themoviehasbegunfortenminutes.(錯(cuò))改為：Themoviehasbeenonfortenminutes.3.open---beopenclose---beclosed例：Theshophasopenedforthreemonths.(錯(cuò))改為：Theshophasbeenopenforthreemonths.die---bedeadborrow---keep或have例：Hisfatherhasdiedforthreeyears.(錯(cuò))改為：Hisfatherhasbeendeadforthreeyears.Ihaveborrowedthebookfortendays.(錯(cuò))改為：Ihavekeptthebookfortendays.join例 ： HehasjoinedthePartyforthreeyears.(錯(cuò)) 改 為 ：HehasbeeninthePartyforthreeyears./HehasbeenaPartymemberforthreeyears.練習(xí)：Thanksalot.Itissunnyagain.It (rain)foralongtime. Mr.Li (live)heresince8yearsoldNo,he .He (teach)usEnglishheresincewe (see)him5yearsago.Howmanytimes you (be)toBeijingOnlyone.I (go)theretwoyearsago.I'velostmycat. youever (see)itanywhereWaithere,please.Thetrain (notarrive)yet.Hehasfoundhisbike.When he (find)itI (notread)thebookbefore.Theteacher (reach)Beijingtendaysago.改錯(cuò)：每句有一處錯(cuò)誤Jimhasboughtthepenforjust3days. Themanhasdiedfor2years. IhavegonetoBeijing3times. Lucyhaslivedheresince5years. Hashebeenateacherforl990 Ilivedheresince5monthsago. Jim'sbrothershasfinishedthework. Lucyhastakedthebookstotheclassroom. HavetheyleftBeijingyetNo,theydon't. Jimisn'there.HehasbeentoBeijing.Hewenttherethismorning. .句型轉(zhuǎn)換肯定句：Lucyhasfinishedthework.一般疑問句： 用Yes和NO回答： 否定句： 特殊疑問句： 時(shí)態(tài)綜合練習(xí)：歷年考題：（07重慶）Myauntisn'there.She Shanghaionbusiness.Shewillbebackinthreedays.A.wentB.hasgonetoC.hasbeentoD.willgoto（07長春）HowwasyourdayoffPrettygood!We thehistorymuseum.A.visitB.visitedC.arevisitingD.willvisit（07江辦）Whereisyourmother,HelenShe theflowersinthegarden.A.watersB.wateredC.iswateringD.haswatered（07 安徽）Icalledyouat9:30thismorning,buttherewasnoanswer.Oh,sorry,I withmycousininthesupermarket.A.shopB.wasshoppingC.shoppingD.willshop（07遼寧）YouhavelefttheTVon.Oh,sorry.I andturnitoff.A.havegoneB.goC.wentD.willgo（07蕪湖）HowdoyoulikethesongTwoButterfliesGreat!I suchabeautifulsongbefore.A.don'thearB.neverhearC.haveneverheardD.hasneverheard（07寧波）WhatdidtheteachersayjustnowHe usnottoplaycomputergamesallday.A.tellsB.toldC.hastoldD.istold（07南昌）IknockedintoatreewhenIwenttotherailwaystationformyfriend.Isupposeyou toofast.A.driveB.aredrivingC.doveD.weredriving（07武漢）When yourbrother backAbouthalfanhourago.A.did,comeB.had,comeC.do,comeD.have,come（03黃岡）Oh,MissKing,yournecklacelooksnice.IsitnewNo,I itfortwoyears.A.hadB.havehadC.boughtD.havebought（03廣東）Heturnedoffthelightsandthen theclassroom.A.leavesB.willleaveC.isleavingD.left（03 湘潭）Hello!MayIspeaktoyourfather,pleaseSorry,myfather____toShanghai.Hewenttherethismorning.A.goesB.hadgoneC.hasgoneD.go（04四川）When—__you yourfriendThedaybeforeyesterday.A.will,visitB.did,visitC.have,visitedD.are,visit（04福建）PremierZhou（周總理） formanyyears,buthestilllivesinthehearsofChinesepeople.A.diedB.haddiedC.hasbeendiedD.hasbeendead（04北京）TheSmithsmovedtoChinal0yearsagoand heresincethen.A.haslivedB.waslivingC.liveD.havelived（04海淀）WhereisFranknowHe hisbikeintheyard.A.fixesupB.fixingupC.isfixingD.fixed（05江蘇）DidyouseethetrafficaccidentyesterdayYes,IthappenedwhenI pastthemuseum.A.walkB.amwalkingC.willwalkD.waswalking選擇題（一）：TheWorldwithoutThievesisaverymovingfilm.I ittwicealready.A.willseeB.seeC.sawD.haveseen2.Isthisyourcoat,sirNo,mine overtherenearthewindow.A.hangsB.ishangingC.hangD.hashung3.Itisasecretbetweenus.Don'ttellanybody.Sure, .A.IdoB.Idon'tC.IwillD.Iwon'tJim,canyouhelpmewashthedishesSorry,dad,I totheshop.A.goB.wentC.amgoingD.havebeenTherewillbeaparents'meetingthisafternoon.Butmyparentscan'tcomebecausethey toHarbin.A.hasgoneB.havegoneC.hasbeenD.havebeenThesummervocationwillbeginnextweek.David tostaywithus.A.willbecomingB.comesC.cameD.iscomingWillyouwatchtheWorldCupmatchthisyearNo,butI severalWorldCupmatchessinceIwasasmallchild.A.hadseenB.seeC.wasseeingD.haveseenonthecomputerwhenJimcametoseemeyesterday.A.drawB.drewC.wasdrawingD.amdrawing選擇題（二）：Howcleantheroomistoday!Who itJimdiditjustnow.A.cleanedB.willcleanC.cleansD.hascleanedTheGreenfamilyhave Beijingforafewdays.beeninB.workedC.leftforD.gonetoHurryup!Theplay forhalfanhour.A.hasbegunB.hadbegunC.beganD.hasbeenonThecardoesn'twork.What we A.do,doB.are,doingC.shall,doD.did,do5.Iwon'treturnthebooktothelibrarybecauseI readingit.A.wasn'tfinishB.don'tfinishC.won'tfinishD.haven'tfinishedLucyisalwaysbusy,she onlyfivehourseveryday.A.issleepingB.willsleepC.wouldsleepD.sleepsyou thebookfromthelibraryyetYes,I itfortwoweeks.A.haveborrowed,havekeptB.haveborrowed,haveborrowedC.did,borrowed,borrowedD.didborrow,havekeptHesayshe Dalianseveraltimesthisyear.A.wentB.hasgonetoC.hasbeenD.hasbeentoMayIspeaktoJohnSorry,he Japan.Buthe intwodays.A.hasbeento,willcomeB.hasgoneto,willbebackC.hasbeenin,wouldcomebackD.hasgoneto,won'tcomebackWherewereyouinJulylastyearThistimelastyearmyfamilyandI Beijing.A.wasvisitingB.visitedC.hadvisitedD.werevisitingDoyouknowJaneYes,Ifirstmether3yearsago,she atafruitatthetime.A.hadworkedB.workedC.wasworkingD.hasworkedWhatdoesLucyoftendointheeveningSheoften herhomework,butontheeveningofApril12she TV.A.does,watchesB.isdoing,watchesC.does,watchedD.isdoing,waswatchingtoleavetheroomwhentherewasaknockatthedoor.A.hadbeenB.amcomingC.wasgoingD.hasgone14.He thedictionaryfor5years.He itin1997.A.hasbought,boughtB.bought,boughtC.haskept,hasboughtD.hashad,bought15.He fromthefactoryforaweek.A.hasleftB.hasbeenawayC.didleaveD.willleavethebooktothelibrary.Where you itA.havereturned,didreturnB.havereturned,havereturnedC.returned,didreturnD.returned,havereturnedHe heretwoorthreetimes.A.hasonlybeenB.hasonlygoneC.goesD.isgoingThere alotofchangesheresince1980.A.havebeenB.havehadC.willbeD.areExcuseme.Youshouldn'tsmokehere.Lookatthesign“NOSMOKINGHERE”.Sorry,I it.A.doesn'tseeB.haven'tseeC.didn'tseeD.hadn'tseen一、名詞1、不可數(shù)名詞：bread,money,weather,news,fun,homework,advice,knowledge,danger,information,help,lettuce,broccoli...可數(shù)名詞：noodles,vegetables2、fish,fruit,drink,food是不可數(shù)名詞，但表示不同種類時(shí)，常用復(fù)數(shù)。例：Jimlikespears,applesandotherfruits.3、 roomchickenorangehairworktimeexercise可數(shù)：房間小雞桔子幾根作品次數(shù)練習(xí)不可數(shù)：空間雞肉桔子汁頭發(fā)工作時(shí)間鍛煉Glassexperiencepaper可數(shù)：玻璃杯經(jīng)歷報(bào)紙，論文不可數(shù)：玻璃經(jīng)驗(yàn)紙張4、 people本身是復(fù)數(shù)意義：例：Somepeopleareplayingoverthere.名詞做定語用單數(shù)：例：Abikefactory,ashoeshop姓氏復(fù)數(shù)的用法：例：TheGreensareleavingforBeijing.加連字符結(jié)構(gòu)的用法，常用在名詞前，且其中的名詞應(yīng)該用單數(shù)：例：A12-year-oldboy,atwo-monthholiday5、 some一些用于肯定句somebread,somebooksAny一些用于否定句anybread,anybooksAfew有幾個(gè)，一些用于肯定句afewbooksFew沒幾個(gè)，幾乎沒有用于否定句fewbooksAlittle有一點(diǎn)用于肯定句alittlebreadLittle沒幾個(gè)用于否定句littlebreadMany許多（修飾可數(shù)名詞）manybooksMuch許多（修飾不可數(shù)名詞）muchbreadAlotof=lotsof許多（即可修飾可數(shù)名詞也可修飾不可數(shù)名詞）alotofbread,lotsofbooks6、 量詞短語的用法：abottleofwater---twobottlesofwaterabagofapples---somebagsofapples7、 復(fù)數(shù)的構(gòu)成：1、一般在詞尾加S例：book—books2、 輔音字母+Y結(jié)尾的詞，改Y變I,再加es.例：baby~babies3、 以S,X,CH,SH結(jié)尾的詞加es.例：box---boxes4、 以f,fe結(jié)尾的詞，改f,fe為v,再加es.例：knife—knives5、 以0結(jié)尾的詞，potato,tomoto,hero加es,其余的加S.例：zoo---zoos.8、 名詞復(fù)數(shù)的不規(guī)則變化：?jiǎn)螖?shù)：manwomanchildfoottoothsheep復(fù)數(shù):menwomenchildrenfeetteethsheep9、 某國人單復(fù)數(shù)同形：1、Chinese,Japanese2、改a為e的有：Englishman,Frenchman3、其余的在詞尾加s:Americans10、 man和woman與其他名詞構(gòu)成的詞組：mendoctors,womendoctors，兩個(gè)單詞有應(yīng)該變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)。Girlstudents,只變主要單詞students為復(fù)數(shù)。11、 名詞所有格：1、一般在詞尾加'S.例：Jim'sbook,today'snewspaper2、 以S結(jié)尾的詞只加'.例：thestudents'books,fiveminutes'walk.3、 兩人共同所有，在后一個(gè)名詞尾用所有格。例：LilyandLucy'sfather4、 兩人分別所有，兩個(gè)都用所有格。例：Lily'sandLucy'sfathers5、 所有格后的名詞常省略。例：Thisisnotmybook,butLiPing's.Jimisstayingatthedoctor's.12、 雙重所有格：afriendofmyfather'safriendofhis13、 名詞用法區(qū)別：Anumberof許多例：Therearealargenumberofpeopleintheroom.Thenumberof...的數(shù)量例：Thenumberoftheapplesis200.14、 scarfsscarvesgiraffes名詞練習(xí)：Excuseme,isthesupermarketfarfromhereNo,itisabout .A.7minuteswalkB.7minutewalkC.7minutes'walkD.7minute'swalkThemansavedthree livesintheaccident.A.children'sB.childrenC.childD.child'sroomisbigandbright.Theylikeitverymuch.A.TomandSamB.Tom'sandSamC.Tom'sandSam'sD.TomandSam'sTwobagsareonthetable.Theyare .A.thetwins'B.thetwim'sC.twinsD.twin'sMrs.Blackisafriendof .A.Mary'smother'sB.Mary'smotherC.mother'sofMaryD.Marymother'sTheygotmuch ontheinternet.A.photoB.ideasC.messageD.informationWouldyoulikesome Yes,please.Iamalittlethirty.A.breadB.meatC.beefD.orange8.Iamhungry.Canyougiveme A.somesliceofbreadB.someslicesofbreadC.somebreadsCouldyouhavesomethingtoeatSure,here'ssome .A.chickenB.tomatoesC.orangeThereisgood foryou.Ihavefoundyourlostwatch.A.newsB.ideasC.messagesD.thoughtsWouldyouliketohavealookatsomepantsTheymayfityouwell.Well,I'dliketotrythoseblue .A.pairsB.oneC.pantD.pairWhatwouldyouliketodrink,girls ,please.A.twocupofcoffeeB.twocupsofcoffeesC.twocupsofcoffeeD.twocupofcoffeeMrs.Jennygaveus onhowtolearnEnglishwell.A.someadvicesB.manyadvicesC.someadviceCanIhelpyouI'dlike formytwindaughters.A.twopairofshoesB.twopairsofshoeC.twopairofshoeD.twopairsofshoesTherearefew inthefridge.Let'sgoandbuysomepeas,carrotsandcabbages.A.meatB.fruitC.vegetablesD.bread16.Swimmingis insummer.A.agreatfunB.greatfunC.greatfunsD.greatafun17.WhatdoyouhaveforbreakfastIoftenhave or .A.breads,noodlesB.bread,noodlesC.breads,noodleD.bread,noodle18.Therearethree assistantsinthat shop.A.women,shoeB.woman,shoeC.woman,shoesD.women,shoes19.Ifyoudon'ttakemore ,youwillgetfat.A.medicineB.exerciseC.lessonsCouldyoumoveoveralittleandmakesome formeA.placeB.seatC.roomD.groundHehadsomethingtowritedownandaskedmefor .A.apaperB.somepapersC.somepiecesofpapersD.apieceofpaperHowmany arethereinyourfactoryA.GermanB.JapaneseC.AustralianD.Englishmans23.Ihave todothisevening.A.alotofworksB.manyworkC.alotofworkD.someworksYou'dbetterdomorning everyday.Itisgoodtohavelotsof .A.exercise,exerciseB.exercises,exerciseC.exercise,exercisesD.exercises,exercisesArethese No,theyaren't.Theyare .A.sheep,cowsB.sheep,cowC.sheeps,cowsD.sheeps,cowHowmucharethe A.meatB.meatsC.appleD.applesWouldyoulike Thankyou,butIamnotthirsty.A.somesandwichesB.somemooncakessomebreadD.someorangeLook!Thekitesintheskyareindifferent andsomearebigandsomearesmall.A.sizesB.colorsC.pricesD.names29.Studyinginaforeigncountryisadifferent andyoucanlearnalot.A.eventB.exerciseC.experienceD.exhibition30.Iamdreamingofdrivingmyowncarsomeday.SoIhavetobe first.A.pilotB.policemanC.driver選擇題（三）：Look!Thetallbuildinglooksverybeautiful.Yes,thereisagardenonits .Agardenintheair.A.topB.groundC.sideD.floor2.InwhichcountryisEnglishspokenasthefirstlanguage A.AustraliaB.JapanC.FranceD.GermanyYoudidn'tsendmeane-maillastnight,didyouSorry.My brokendown.Icouldn'tgetonline.A.computerB.carC.clockD.cameraWhatisyourfavorite Oranges.A.colorB.fruitC.juiceD.vegetable5.Idon'tknowhowtousethismachine.Itdoesn'tmatter.Hereisthe .A.instructionB.directionC.informationD.advertisementHowcanItellonetreefromanotherYoucanmostlytellthembythe oftheirleaves.A.shapeB.sizeC.ageD.color7.Idon'thaveenoughmoney,soIhavetogotothe togetsome.A.restaurantB.policestationC.bankD.shop8.SARS（非典）isanewkindof intheworldtoday.A.cancerB.medicineC.coughD.disease9.IsitananimalRight,itisa ofthecatfamily.A.kindB.numberC.memberD.pieceTOC\o"1-5"\h\zHowwellshesings!Shehasaverysweet .A.voiceB.soundC.noiseD.mouth11.I'dliketosomethingtoread.Ok.Here'resome .A.CDSB.pencilsC.photosD.booksBritanissokindthatheoftengivesmea whenIamintrouble.A.replyB.seatC.handD.reasonHello,mayIspeaktoTina,pleaseSorry,youhavegotawrong .A.nameB.wayC.numberD.telephoneWhereisMum,LilyShelefta（an） sayingthatshehassomethingtodo.A.messageB.letterC.excuseD.sentenceCanadiansspeak and .A.Italian,JapaneseB.English,ChineseGerman,RussianD.French,EnglishTherearetwo inthecity.A.car'sfactoryB.car'sfactoriesC.factoriesofcar'sD.carfactoriesTOC\o"1-5"\h\zYourshoesarewornout.You'dbetterbuyanew .A.oneB.shoesC.pairD.shoeLucytriedherbesttofindagoodjobinhercity,butshehadno .A.troubleB.ideaC.luckD.time19.Iwanttohavea withyouabouttheproblem.SureA.funB.wordC.playD.rest20.Ifthepantsaretoobig,buyasmaller .A.oneB.pantsC.pair21.IamsorryIcan'tansweryourquestion.Iknow aboutit.A.alittleB.littleC.fewD.afew22.Itwascoldoutside.Sotherewere peopleinthesecret.A.afewB.alittleC.fewD.littleJimhasmademanykites,but canflyinthesky.A.littleB.alittleC.fewD.afewThereis waterinthecup.Iwanttobuysome.A.afewB.fewC.alittleD.littleDoweneedtogetsomewaterYes,wehaveonly left,notenoughforaday.A.fewB.afewC.littleD.alittleHesays butdoesmuch.A.fewB.littleC.afewD.alittleThisis .A.appleB.myanappleC.theanappleD.hisapple寫出名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式BusboyzoofootChineseWatchknifeeggtoothJapaneseBoxtomatomanchildEnglishmanBabypotatowomansheepAmericanAgirlstudentamanworkerawomanworker代詞1、 人稱代詞：主格：Iweyouyouhesheitthey做主語賓格:meusyouyouhimheritthem在動(dòng)詞，介詞后作賓語例：Heisastudent.Wemusthelphimandlookafterhim.2、 物主代詞：形容詞性：myouryouryourhisheritstheir后必須有名詞名詞性：mineoursyoursyourhishersitstheirs后不能有名詞例:Thisisherbook.Thisbookishers.3、 復(fù)合不定代詞：everyonenooneanyonesomeoneone指人Everybodynobodyanybodysomebodybody指人Everythingnothinganythingsomethingthing指