教授2016年考研英語課后學習計劃

第八周：（Week8:2015.10.17—10.23）

配套音頻寫作精講：ht /s/1o6xdPFG

Ifyoudoubtyourself,you’vealreadylosttherace.——UsainBolt

10.17（周六）

閱讀學習計劃

收聽《讀記單詞》一書第239頁的逐句精講。

做《考點與常見錯誤透析》一書第2頁的，然后收聽此書的相關精講

寫作學習計劃

精聽《寫作突破100題》短文寫作第50篇和應用文寫作第50篇的。

抄寫、背誦和默寫《寫作突破100題》短文寫作第50篇和應用文寫作第50篇。

。

10.18（周日）

閱讀學習計劃

收聽《讀記單詞》一書第242頁的逐句精講。

做《考點與常見錯誤透析》一書第3頁的，然后收聽此書的相關精講

寫作學習計劃

精聽《寫作突破100題》短文寫作第1篇和應用文寫作第1篇的。

抄寫、背誦和默寫《寫作突破100題》短文寫作第1篇和應用文寫作第1篇。

。

10.19（周一）

閱讀學習計劃

收聽《讀記單詞》一書第245頁的逐句精講。

做《考點與常見錯誤透析》一書第5頁的，然后收聽此書的相關精講

寫作學習計劃

精聽《寫作突破100題》短文寫作第2篇和應用文寫作第2篇的。

抄寫、背誦和默寫《寫作突破100題》短文寫作第2篇和應用文寫作第2篇。

。

10.20（周二）

閱讀學習計劃

收聽《讀記單詞》一書第247頁的逐句精講。

做《考點與常見錯誤透析》一書第6頁的，然后收聽此書的相關精講

寫作學習計劃

精聽《寫作突破100題》短文寫作第3篇和應用文寫作第3篇的。

抄寫、背誦和默寫《寫作突破100題》短文寫作第3篇和應用文寫作第3篇。

。

10.21（周三）

閱讀學習計劃

英語二閱讀2-13-4（請見本周所附的原文）

做英語二閱讀2-13-4的，然后收聽此文的相關精講。

寫作學習計劃

精聽《寫作突破100題》短文寫作第4篇和應用文寫作第4篇的。

抄寫、背誦和默寫《寫作突破100題》短文寫作第4篇和應用文寫作第4篇。

10.22（周四）

閱讀學習計劃

英語二閱讀2-14-4（請見本周所附的原文）

做英語二閱讀2-14-4的，然后收聽此文的相關精講。

寫作學習計劃

精聽《寫作突破100題》短文寫作第5篇和應用文寫作第5篇的。

抄寫、背誦和默寫《寫作突破100題》短文寫作第5篇和應用文寫作第5篇。

10.23（周五）

閱讀學習計劃

英語二閱讀2-14-3（請見本周所附的原文）

做英語二閱讀2-14-3的，然后收聽此文的相關精講。

寫作學習計劃

精聽《寫作突破100題》短文寫作第6篇和應用文寫作第6篇的。

抄寫、背誦和默寫《寫作突破100題》短文寫作第6篇和應用文寫作第6篇。

英語二閱讀2-13-4

Text4

Europeisnotagender-equalityheaven.Inparticular,thecorporateworkcewillneverbecompleyfamily-friendlyuntilwomenarepartofseniormanagementdecisions,andEurope’stopcorporate-ernancepositionsremainoverwhelminglymale.Indeed,womenholdonly14percentofpositionsonEuropeancorporateboards.

TheEuropeanUnionisnowconsideringlegislationtocompelcorporateboardstomaintainacertainproportionofwomen–upto60percent.Thisproposedmandatewasbornoffrustration.Lastyear,EuropeanCommissionViceVivianeRedingissuedacalltovoluntaryaction.Redinginvitedcorporationstosignupforgenderbalancegoalsof40percentfemaleboardmembership.Butherappealwasconsideredafailure:only24companiestookitup.

Doweneedquotastoensurethatwomencancontinuetoclimbthecorporateladderfairlyastheybalanceworkandfamily?

“ally,Idon’tlikequotas,”Redingsaidrecently.“ButIlikewhatthequotasdo.”Quotasgetaction:they“openthewaytoequalityandtheybreakthroughtheglassceiling,”accordingtoReding,aresultseeninFranceandothercountrieswithlegallybindingprovisionsoncingwomenintopbusinesspositions.

IunderstandReding’sreluctance–andherfrustration.Idon’tlikequotaseither;theyruncountertomybeliefinmeritocracy,ernancebythecapable.But,whenoneconsiderstheobstaclestoachievingthemeritocraticideal,itdoeslookasifafairerworldmustbetemporarilyordered.

Afterall,fourdecadesofevidencehasnowshownthatcorporationsinEuropeaswellastheUSareevadingthemeritocratichiringandpromotionofwomentotoppositions–nomatterhowmuch“softpressure”isputuponthem.Whenwomendobreakthroughtothesummitofcorporatepower–as,forexample,SherylSandbergrecentlydidat–theyattractmassiveattentionpreciselybecausetheyremaintheexceptiontotherule.

Ifappropriatepublicpolicieswereincetohelpallwomen–whetherCEOsortheirchildren’scaregivers–andallfamilies,Sandbergwouldbenomorenewsworthythananyotherhighlycapable

livinginamorejustsociety.

IntheEuropeancorporateworkce,generally .

womentakethelead

menhavethefinalsay

corporate ernanceisoverwhelmed

seniormanagementisfamily-friendly

TheEuropeanUnion’sintendedlegislationis .

areflectionofgenderbalance

aresponsetoReding’scall

areluctantchoice

avoluntaryaction

AccordingtoReding,quotasmayhelpwomen .

gettopbusinesspositions

seethroughtheglassceiling

balanceworkandfamily

anticipatelegalresults

Theauthor’sattitudetowardReding’sappealisoneof .

skepticism

objectiveness

indifference

approval

Womenenteringtopmanagement eheadlinesduetothelackof .

moresocialjustice

massivemediaattention

suitablepublicpolicies

greater“softpressure”

英語二閱讀2-14-4

Text4

Whentheernmenttalksaboutinfrastructurecontributingtotheeconomythefocusisusuallyonroads,railways,broadbandandenergy.Housingisseldommentioned.

Whyisthat?Tosomeextentthehousingsectormustshouldertheblame.Wehavenotbeengoodatcommunicatingtherealvaluethathousingcancontributetoeconomicgrowth.Thenthereisthescaleofthetypicalhousingproject.Itishardtoshoveforattentionamongmultibillion-poundinfrastructureprojects,soitisinevitablethattheattentionisfocusedelsewhere.Butperhapsthemostsignificantreasonisthattheissuehasalwaysbeensopoliticallycharged.

Nevertheless,theaffordablehousingsituationisdesperate.Waitinglistsincreaseallthetimeandwearesimplynotbuildingenoughnewhomes.

Thecomprehensivespendingreviewoffersanopportunityfortheernmenttohelprectifythis.Itneedstoputhistoricalprejudicestoonesideandtakesomestepstoaddressoururgenthousingneed.

Therearesomeindicationsthatitispreparingtodojustthat.Thecommunitiesminister,DonFoster,hashintedthatGeorgeOsborne,ChancelloroftheExchequer,mayintroducemoreflexibilitytothecurrentcapontheamountthatlocal canborrowagainsttheirhousingstockdebt.Evidenceshowsthat60,000extranewhomescouldbebuiltoverthenextfiveyearsifthecapwerelifted,increasingGDPby0.6%.

Ministersshouldalsolookatcreatinggreatercertaintyintherentalenvironment,whichwouldhaveasignificantimpactontheabilityofregisteredproviderstofundnewdevelopmentsfromrevenues.

Butitisnotjustdowntotheernment.Whilethesemeasureswouldbe eintheshortterm,wemustfaceuptothefactthattheexisting￡4.5bnprogrammeofgrantstofundnewaffordablehousing,settoexpirein2015,isunlikelytobeextendedbeyondthen.TheLabourpartyhasrecentlyannouncedthatitwillretainalargepartofthecoalition’sspendingnsifitreturnstopower.Thehousingsectorneedstoacceptthatweareveryunlikelytoeverreturntotheeraoflarge-scalepublicgrants.Weneedtoadjusttothischangingclimate.

Whiletheernment’scommitmenttolong-termfundingmayhavechanged,theverypressingneedformoreaffordablehousingisrealandisnotgoingaway.

Theauthorbelievesthatthehousingsector .

hasattractedmuchattention

haslostitsrealvalueineconomy

shoulderstoomuchresponsibility

involvescertainpoliticalfactors

Itcanbelearnedthataffordablehousinghas .

suffered ernmentbiases

increaseditshomesupply

offeredspendingopportunities

disappointedthe ernment

AccordingtoParagraph5,GeorgeOsbornemay .

preparetoreducehousingstockdebt

releasealiftedGDPgrowthforecast

allowgreater ernmentdebtforhousing

stoplocal frombuildinghomes

Itcanbeinferredthatastablerentalenvironmentwould .

lowerthecostsofregisteredproviders

relievetheministersofresponsibilities

contributetofundingnewdevelopments

lessentheimpactof ernmentinterference

Theauthorbelievesthatafter2015,the ernmentmay .

implementmorepoliciestosupporthousing

stopgenerousfundingtothehousingsector

renewtheaffordablehousinggrantsprogramme

reviewtheneedforlarge-scalepublicgrants

英語二閱讀2-14-3

Text3

Theconceptofmanversusmachineisatleastasoldastheindustrialrevolution,butthisphenomenontendstobemostacuyfeltduringeconomicdownturnsandfragilerecoveries.Andyet,itwouldbeamistaketothinkwearerightnowsimplyexperiencingthepainfulsideofaboomandbustcycle.Certainjobshavegoneawayforgood,outmodedbymachines.Sincetechnologyhassuchaninsatiableappetiteforeatinguphumanjobs,thisphenomenonwillcontinuetorestructureoureconomyinwayswecannotimmediayforesee.

Whenthereisrapidimprovementinthepriceandperformanceoftechnology,jobsthatwereoncethoughttobeimmunefromautomationsuddenly ethreatened.Thisargumenthasattractedalotofattention,viathesuccessofthebookRaceAgainsttheMachine,byErikBrynjolfssonandAndrewMcAfee,whobothhailfromMIT’sCenterforDigitalBusiness.

Thisisapowerfulargument,andascaryone.Andyet,JohnHagel,authorofThePowerofPullandotherbooks,saysBrynjolfssonandMcAfeemissthereasonwhythesejobsaresovulnerabletotechnologyinthefirstce.

HagelsayswehavedesignedjobsintheU.S.thattendtobe“tightlyscripted”and“highlystandardized”onesthatleavenoroomfor“individualinitiativeorcreativity.”Inshort,thesearethetypesofjobsthatmachinescanperformmuchbetteratthanhumanbeings.ThatishowwehaveputagianttargetsignonthebacksofAmericanworkers,Hagelsays.

It’stimetoreinventtheformulaforhowworkisconducted,sincewearestillrelyingonavery20thcenturynotionofwork,Hagelsays.Inourrapidlychangingeconomy,wemorethaneverneedpeopleintheworkcewhocantakeinitiativeandexercisetheirimagination“torespondtounexpectedevents.”Thatisnotsomethingmachinesaregoodat.Theyaredesignedtoperformverypredictableactivities.

AsHagelnotes,BrynjolfssonandMcAfeeindeedtouchedonthispointintheirbook.Weneedtoreframeraceagainstthemachineasracewiththemachine.Inotherwords,weneedtolookatthewaysinwhichmachinescanaugmenthumanlaborratherthanreceit.Sothentheproblemisnotreallyabouttechnology,butrather,“howdoweinnovateourinstitutionsandourworkpractices?”

Accordingtothefirstparagraph,economicdownturnswould .