福建省南平市榮華實(shí)驗(yàn)學(xué)校2022-2023學(xué)年高三英語下學(xué)期期末試題含解析

福建省南平市榮華實(shí)驗(yàn)學(xué)校2022-2023學(xué)年高三英語下學(xué)期期末試題含解析一、選擇題1.—It’stheoffice!Soyou

knoweatingisnotallowedhere.

—Oh,sorry.A.must

B.will

C.may

D.need

參考答案：A解析：考查情態(tài)動詞的用法。句意為：這是辦公室！因此你必須知道吃的不允許帶到這里。must表示“絕不”的意思。2.–Amazing!You_____havewonthefirstprizeinthenationalEnglishspeechcontest!–I’mluckythatallmyeffortshavefinallypaidoff.

A.must

B.may

C.can

D.should參考答案：考點(diǎn)：考查情態(tài)動詞【答案】35.Nothing_______him—he’salwayscomplaining.A.serves

B.supports

C.promises

D.satisfies

參考答案：D略4.—ThisisthefirsttimethechildrenhavebeentotheGreatWall.—No_____theyaresoexcited.A.doubt

B.wonder

C.hurry

D.trouble參考答案：B5.ItisacommonpracticeinChinathatthebrideattheweeding________bedressedinredtoensuregoodluck.

A.can

B.may

C.must

D.would參考答案：C6.

_______youmissedsuchafinelecture?

A.Howitwasthat

B.Itwashowthat

C.Howwasitthat

D.Wasithowthat

參考答案：C7.Afterasecondthought,Jean_____abettermethodtodealwiththeproblem.A.putupwith

B.addedupto

C.cameupwith

D.madeupfor參考答案：C8.ItissaidthatsomepeoplelivinginSouthAsiahavea__forsnakes,treatingthemastheirfriends．

A．preference

B．referrence

C．pressure

D．permission參考答案：A略9.ThelawyerrarelywearsanythingotherthanjeansandT-shirt________thereason.

A.whatever

B.wherever

C.whenever

D.however參考答案：A10.Thevoyagesoftravellersbeforethe17thcenturyshowthattheywerenot________theseaeventhoughtheydidn’thavemodernnavigationalaids.

A.attheexpenseof

B.attheriskof

C.inthewayof

D.atthemercyof

參考答案：D11.Thesixoldexpertswere____aboutProfessorLee'sacademicfindingsandreportedhimtotheauthority．A．skeptical

B．curious

C．capable

D．a(chǎn)ware參考答案：A12.Itwas______backhomeaftertheexperiment.

A.notuntilmidnightdidhego

B.untilmidnightthathedidn’tgo

C.notuntilmidnightthathewent

D.untilmidnightwhenhedidn’tgo參考答案：C13.________theculturaldifferences,thefilm’sadvertisingmaterialsshouldhaveexplained,inbriefthemoralbehindNeZha’sstorytomakeitmoreappealingtoforeignaudiences.A.Considered B.Supposed C.Given D.Supposing參考答案：C【詳解】考查熟詞生義。句意：鑒于文化的不同，哪吒的廣告宣傳語應(yīng)該介紹一下哪吒這個電影的寓意。A.Considered經(jīng)過深思熟慮的，屬于形容詞；B.Supposed猜測的，屬于形容詞；C.Given考慮到，鑒于，屬于介詞；D.Supposing假定，設(shè)想，屬于連詞。結(jié)合句意及句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處用介詞“鑒于”符合語境。故選C項(xiàng)。14.Shewilltelluswhyshefeelssostronglythateachofushasarole______inmakingtheearthabetterplacetolive.A.tohaveplayed

B.played

C.playing

D.toplay參考答案：D15.從每小題的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中，找出其劃線部分與所給單詞的劃線部分讀音相同的選項(xiàng)。1.fieldA.picture

B.exercise

C.child

D.machine2.breathA.smooth

B.thousand

C.southern

D.worthy3.breakA.bread

B.meat

C.great

D.meant4.floorsA.yours

B.baskets

C.desks

D.coughs

5.stoneA.oppose

B.piano

C.soft

D.comfort

參考答案：DBCAB16.Moreandmorerichpeoplehavepromisedto_____theirwealthafterdeathtohelpthepoorandthedisabled.A.giveaway

B.giveup

C.giveout

D.givein

參考答案：A二、完型填空17.Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordofphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Fromthenation'searliestdays,farminghasheldacrucialplaceintheAmericaneconomyandculture.Farmersplayanimportantroleinanysociety,ofcourse,sincetheyfeedpeople.Butfarminghasbeenparticularly___41___intheUnitedStateswithintensifiedattentionfromciviliansandgovernmentaswell.Earlyinthenation'slife,farmerswereseenasexemplifyingeconomic___42___suchashardwork,perseverance,andself-sufficiency.Moreover,manyAmericans,particularlyimmigrantswhomayhaveneverheldanylandinthecountry,foundthatowningafarmwasthe___43___toentertheAmericaneconomicsystem.Theywereimmediatelyplayingapartinthecountry’seconomy.TheAmericanfarmerhasgenerallybeenquitesuccessfulatproducingfood.Indeed,sometimeshissuccesshascreatedhisbiggestproblem:theagriculturalsectorhassufferedperiodicexplosionsofoverproductionthathave___44___prices.Whenthegovernmenthavetostepinand___45___theworstoftheseevents.Americanfarmersowetheirabilitytoproducelargeyieldstoanumberoffactors.Foronething,theyworkunder___46___naturalconditions.TheAmericanMidwesthassomeoftherichestsoilintheworld.Rainfallis___47___overmostareasofthecountry;riversandundergroundwaterpermitextensiveirrigationwhereitisnot.Increasinguseofhigh-quality___48___alsohavecontributedtothesuccessofAmericanagriculture.Itisnotunusualtoseetoday'sfarmers___49___plowsorharvesters.Onefarmercanmanagelargelandsoffarms.Fertilizersandpesticidesarecommonlyusedalthoughsomeenvironmentalists_____50_____it.Computerstrackfarmoperations,andeven_____51_____technologyisutilizedtofindthebestplacestoplantandfertilizecrops.USagricultureisamongthemostadvancedintheworld.Farmersstillfightwithforcesbeyondtheircontrol,_____52_____.Despiteitsgenerallybenignweather,NorthAmericaalsoexperiencesfrequentfloodsanddroughts.Changesintheweathergiveagricultureitsowneconomiccycles,often_____53_____thegeneraleconomy.Whennegativefactorshitfarmers,callsforgovernmentassistanceareparticularlyintense.Inthe1930s,forinstance,badweather,andtheGreatDepressioncombinedtopushfarmsovertheedgeintoa(n)_____54_____situation.Thegovernmentrespondedwith_____55_____agriculturalreforms--mostnotably,asystemofpricesupports,whosesignificancetowardthelarge-scalecampaignlastedformanyyears.41.A.valued B.accessed C.implemented D.illustrated42.A.regulations B.virtues C.obligations D.requirements43.A.shortcut B.implication C.reward D.substitute44.A.maintained B.margined C.depressed D.refunded45.A.takeover B.coverupfor C.comeupwith D.smoothout46.A.varied B.favorable C.extreme D.visible47.A.moderate B.predictable C.timely D.acid48.A.labor B.investment C.chemical D.landscape49.A.complicated B.flexible C.accessible D.executive50.A.criticize B.recall C.evaluate D.identify51.A.medical B.mobile C.space D.process52.A.forexample B.inall C.however D.additionally53.A.subjectto B.unrelatedto C.reducedto D.appliedto54.A.vague B.desperate C.isolated D.feasible55.A.struggling B.traditional C.sweeping D.permanent參考答案：41.A

42.B

43.A

44.C

45.D

46.B

47.A

48.A

49.A

50.A

51.C

52.C

53.B

54.B

55.C【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹農(nóng)業(yè)在美國經(jīng)濟(jì)和文化中占據(jù)著至關(guān)重要的地位，以及在20世紀(jì)30年代由于惡劣的天氣和經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)，美國政府對農(nóng)業(yè)進(jìn)行的全面改革?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。A.valued重視；B.accessed進(jìn)入；C.implemented實(shí)施；D.illustrated說明。但農(nóng)業(yè)在美國受到了特別重視。選A?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。A.regulations規(guī)則；B.virtues美德；C.obligations義務(wù)；D.requirements要求。在這個國家的早期，農(nóng)民被視為努力工作、堅(jiān)持不懈和自給自足等經(jīng)濟(jì)美德的典范。故選B。【43題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。A.shortcut捷徑；B.implication牽連；C.reward報(bào)酬；D.substitute代用品。許多美國人，尤其是那些可能從未在自己國家擁有任何土地的移民，發(fā)現(xiàn)擁有農(nóng)場是進(jìn)入美國經(jīng)濟(jì)體系的捷徑。故選A。【44題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。A.maintained維持；B.margined為……付保證金；C.depressed降低；D.refunded償還。根據(jù)上文“theagriculturalindustryhassuffered…”可知，農(nóng)業(yè)部門遭受了周期性的生產(chǎn)過剩的爆發(fā)，從而壓低了價格。故選C?！?5題詳解】考查動詞短語詞義辨析。A.takeover接管；B.coverupfor包庇；C.comeupwith提出；D.smoothout緩解；消除。政府不得不介入并平息這些最糟糕的事件。故選D?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A.varied各種各樣；B.favorable良好的；C.extreme極端的；D.visible可見的。農(nóng)民在良好的自然環(huán)境下工作。故選B?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A.moderate適當(dāng)?shù)模籅.predictable可預(yù)測的；C.timely及時的；D.acid酸的。全國大部分地區(qū)降雨量適中。故選A?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。A.labor勞動力；B.investment投資；C.chemical化學(xué)物；D.landscape風(fēng)景。越來越多地使用高質(zhì)量的勞動力也為美國農(nóng)業(yè)的成功做出了貢獻(xiàn)。故選A?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A.complicated復(fù)雜的；B.flexible靈活的；C.accessible可得到的；D.executive行政的。今天的農(nóng)民使用復(fù)雜的犁或收割機(jī)并不罕見。故選A?！?0題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。A.criticize指責(zé)；B.recall召回；C.evaluate評估；D.identify鑒定?；屎蜌⑾x劑被廣泛使用，盡管一些環(huán)保主義者指責(zé)它。故選A。【51題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。A.medical體格檢查；B.mobile活動物體；C.space空間；D.process過程。計(jì)算機(jī)跟蹤農(nóng)場運(yùn)作，甚至利用空間技術(shù)來尋找種植和給作物施肥的最佳地點(diǎn)。故選C?！?2題詳解】考查副詞及短語詞義辨析。A.forexample例如；B.inall總而言之；C.however然而；D.additionally此外。然而，農(nóng)民們?nèi)匀辉谂c他們無法控制的力量作斗爭。根據(jù)句意可知，這里表示轉(zhuǎn)折。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查動詞短語詞義辨析。A.subjectto讓步于……；B.unrelatedto與……無關(guān)；C.reducedto減少到；D.appliedto把……應(yīng)用到。天氣的變化賦予農(nóng)業(yè)自身的經(jīng)濟(jì)周期，通常與一般經(jīng)濟(jì)無關(guān)。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A.vague模糊的；B.desperate絕望的；C.isolated孤立的；D.feasible可行的。根據(jù)上文“theGreatDepressioncombinedtopushfarmersovertheedgeinto…”可知，在20世紀(jì)30年代，惡劣的天氣和大蕭條將農(nóng)民推向了絕望的境地。故選B。【55題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A.struggling努力的；B.traditional傳統(tǒng)的；C.sweeping徹底的；大范圍的；D.permanent永久的。政府以全面的農(nóng)業(yè)改革作為回應(yīng)。故選C?！军c(diǎn)睛】完形填空主要考查學(xué)生對語篇的全面理解，要求學(xué)生在做題時能夠做到“身臨其境，感同身受”準(zhǔn)確把握作者寫作意圖，同時“瞻前顧后，左顧右盼”，充分考慮前后文的邏輯關(guān)系，仔細(xì)推敲，最后還原整體和細(xì)節(jié)。例如小題4所選的depressed這個詞根據(jù)上文“theagriculturalindustryhassuffered…”可知，農(nóng)業(yè)部門遭受了周期性的生產(chǎn)過剩的爆發(fā)，從而壓低了價格，故選擇出正確的答案。

三、閱讀理解18.Runningafterfireflies（螢火蟲）onawarmsummernightmightbecomeararechildhoodmemoryifhumansdon'ttakeaction.Thereareover2,000differentfireflyspeciesaroundtheworld,buttheirpopulationsaredecreasingduetoartificiallightpollution,pesticides（殺蟲劑）andsmallerhabitatsize.AteamofTuftsUniversity-ledresearcherssurveyedscientistsandconservationistsaboutthethreatstofireflypopulationsaroundtheworld.Accordingtothestudy,oneofthemainthreatstofirefliesinEastAsiaandSouthAmericaisartificiallight.Fireflieslightuptoattractmates,buttheycaneasilymistakehuman-madelightsaspotentialpartners.Adultfirefliestypicallyliveonlyafewdays,whichdoesn'tgivethemlongtofindamate.Humans'destroyingtheinsects'naturalhabitatscreatesanotherthreat.Duringtheirlarvalphase（幼蟲期），Malaysianfirefliesliveinriversidebushesthatareoftenpulledoutforhuman-madefishfarms.InEurope,Lampyrisfirefliesarefindinglessfoodtoeatduetothegrowingurbanizationofwhatwereoncewoodsandfarmlands.InMalaysia,adultpteroptyxfirefliesthatusuallyprefertomateinspecifictreesnexttorivershavetofindnewmatingareasbecausethetreesarebeingknockeddownforfarmhouses.Thestudyalsolookedattheeffectsofclimatechange,tourism,invasive（侵入的）speciesandwaterpollution.Onapositivenote,whilefirefliesaroundtheworldseemtobesufferingfromthepreviouslymentionedissues,BigDipperfireflieslivingintheUShappentobebooming."Thoseguyscansurviveprettymuchanywhere,saidSaraLewis,abiologistfromTuftsUniversity.Thestudyurgescountrieswherefireflypopulationsaredwindlingtotakemeasurestopreservesuitablehabitats,lessenlightpollution,reduceuseofpesticidesanddevelopbetterguidelinesfortourismaroundknownfireflyareas.8.WhatmainlycausesthedropofthefireflypopulationinEastAsia?A.Lightpollution. B.Habitatloss.CClimatechange. D.Foodshortage.9.Whichofthefollowingismorelikelytoadapttotheenvironment?A.TheMalaysianfirefly. B.TheLampyrisfirefly.C.ThePteroptyxfirefly. D.TheBigDipperfirefly.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“dwindling”inparagraph5mean?A.ontherise B.onthedecreaseC.undercontrol D.outofcontrol11.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A.Watchingfirefliesisararechildhoodmemory.B.Cooperationisthekeytofireflyprotection.C.Urbanizationbecomesamainthreattofireflies.D.Humanactivitiesleadtolessfireflypopulation.參考答案：8.A

9.D

10.B

11.D這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了人類的行為包括光污染、殺蟲劑和更小的棲息地使得螢火蟲的數(shù)量減少?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段第2句內(nèi)容“Accordingtothestudy,oneofthemainthreatstofirefliesinEastAsiaandSouthAmericaisartificiallight.”可知東亞和南美洲的螢火蟲面臨的主要威脅之一是人造光。因此，這一地區(qū)螢火蟲數(shù)量減少的原因應(yīng)是光污染。故選A項(xiàng)。【9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段第2句內(nèi)容“Onapositivenote,whilefirefliesaroundtheworldseemtobesufferingfromthepreviouslymentionedissues,BigDipperfireflieslivingintheUShappentobebooming."Thoseguyscansurviveprettymuchanywhere,saidSaraLewis,abiologistfromTuftsUniversity.(積極的一面是，當(dāng)世界各地的螢火蟲似乎都在遭受上述問題的困擾時，生活在美國的北斗七星螢火蟲卻在蓬勃發(fā)展。塔夫茨大學(xué)的生物學(xué)家薩拉·劉易斯說:“這些家伙幾乎可以在任何地方生存。)”可知生活在美國的北斗七星螢火蟲幾乎可以在任何地方生存而使得它們數(shù)量激增。因此可知，北斗七星螢火蟲能夠適應(yīng)環(huán)境。故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】詞義猜測題。分析可知，劃線單詞所在句“wherefireflypopulationsaredwindling”應(yīng)是之前名詞的areas的定語從句，根據(jù)主句“Thestudyurgescountriestotakemeasurestopreservesuitablehabitats,lessenlightpollution,reduceuseofpesticidesanddevelopbetterguidelinesfortourismaroundknownfireflyareas.”可知該研究敦促這些國家采取措施，保護(hù)合適的棲息地，減少光污染，減少殺蟲劑的使用，并制定更好的指南，在已知的螢火蟲地區(qū)周圍旅游。因此可知，這些國家應(yīng)是螢火蟲數(shù)量在減少的國家?？赏浦獎澗€單詞“dwindling”應(yīng)有“減少；下降”等含義，與選項(xiàng)B.onthedecrease(在減少)表達(dá)含義一致。故選B項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章結(jié)構(gòu)為總分結(jié)構(gòu)，首段提出了本文的話題中心“Thereareover2,000differentfireflyspeciesaroundtheworld,buttheirpopulationsaredecreasingduetoartificiallightpollution,pesticidesandsmallerhabitatsize.(世界上有超過2000種不同種類的螢火蟲，但是由于人為的光污染、殺蟲劑和更小的棲息地，它們的數(shù)量正在減少。)”，可知本文主要講述了人類的行為使得螢火蟲的數(shù)量減少。選項(xiàng)D.Humanactivitiesleadtolessfireflypopulation.合理概括了文章主旨要義。故選D項(xiàng)。19.

RobinwasarecentgraduateofSt.LawrenceCollegewithadiplomainSocialServiceWorkwhenshediscoveredtheinternationalvolunteeropportunitiesofferedbyEQWIPHUBs,whichshehadneverworkedwith

before.Asanactivevolunteerinhighschool，havingbeenawardedtheLieutenantGovernor'sCommunity

VolunteerAwardforherhardworkvolunteeringwithlocalnon-profitsandcharities,Robin knewtheimportanceof

choosingavolunteerorganizationthatfittedhervalues.

TheEQWIPHUBsprojectinterestedRobin,sosheeagerlyapplied.Afterapplyingonline,Robinwentthroughoneinterviewafteranotherwiththerecruitment(征募)teamtofindtherightvolunteerpositionforherexperiencelevelandwasofferedtheroleofVolunteerFacilitation&TrainingAssistantatEQWIPHUBsTanzaniabranch.Withinthefollowingmonths,shecompletedmanyonlinetrainingsessionsandwasincommunicationwithbothCanadianandTanzanianstafftoprepareherselfforherupcomingadventure.

InJanuary2017,RobinboardedaplanetoDaresSalaam,Tanzania.Thejourneystartedwithtrainingontheorganization,therolesandthenewculture.Shethenmadethemoveto