秋季級(jí)第12講環(huán)境教師版

強(qiáng)化Listentothearticleandthinkaboutthisquestion:whataretwothingsthatblackbearsaregoodAmericanBlackWhatanimalsleepsforuptoeightmonthsoftheyearwithouteatingordrinking?Whatanimalspendsmostofitslifealoneandnevergetslonely?WhatanimalcanbefoundthroughoutNorthAmerican,fromAlaskatoMexico?Theansweris,theAmericanBlackBear.Theseanimalsareusuallycalledblackbearsbecauseofthecoloroftheirfur.Thecolorcanchangealittledependingontheseason.Theyaregreatswimmers,soyoucanoftenseetheminthewatertryingtocatchfish.Theyarealsogreatclimbers,soyoucanoftenseethemclimbinguptreestocatchsmallanimals.Blackbearsarethehappiestinthebecausetherearelotsoffruits,nts,smallanimals,andnutsnearbytoeat.Unfortunay,blackbearsarehavingproblemsnowadays.Manypeoplearemovingintotheswhereblackbearslive.Often,theyhuntblackbearsforsport,eventhoughitisillegal.Blackbearsalsodon’tlikelivingnearpeoplebecausepeopleoftenpollutetheenvironment.AsthehumanpopulationoftheUnitedStatesincreases,thebearpopulationdecreases.Eventually,thereprobablywon’tbeanyblackbearsleftintheUnitedStatesatall.dependevennot…at一、 tobewithno from,excluding,withnoornoneof unhappyasaresultofbeingwithout egreater,asinnumber,size,strength,or thenumberof make1萬(wàn)物生長(zhǎng)靠dependon 孤獨(dú)的 pollute 成功的 WhatisthisarticlemostlyAmericanblackpeopleandhowblackbearsWhatcanwelfromtheBlackbearsdon’tliketoliveincoldBlackbears’furcolorcanchangewiththeBlackbearsseemtolikeWriteTifthesentenceistrueandFifitis Therearemanymoreblackbearsthanhuman Blackbearscanclimb例：Wecanbethereontimetomorrow.我們明天能按時(shí)去那兒。MayIhaveyourname?我能知道你的名字嗎？Shallwebeginnow?Youmustobeytheschoolrules.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞數(shù)量不多,但用途廣泛,主要有：can(couldmay(mightmustneed,oughtto,dare(daredshall(should),例：Icanseeyou.Comehere.Hemusthavebeenaway.他一定走了。WhatcanIdoforyou?我能為你做點(diǎn)什么？Howdareyoutreatuslikethat例：Hecouldbeheresoon.Wecan’tcarrytheheavybox.I’msorryIcan’thelpyou.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞有四類：①只作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：can(could),must,②可作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞又可作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞：③可作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞又可作助動(dòng)詞：shall(should),will(④具有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞特征：have(had,has)例：Canyoupassmethebooks?你能給我遞一下書嗎Couldyouhelpmeplease?請(qǐng)問(wèn),你能幫助我嗎?Whatcanyoudo?你能干點(diǎn)什么呢?Canyoubesure?你有把握嗎can和could只能用于現(xiàn)在和過(guò)去兩種時(shí)態(tài),將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)用beableto來(lái)表示。如表示過(guò)去成功做了某事，用beableto。例：Hecouldhelpusatall.Withtheteacher’shelp,IshallbeabletospeakEnglishcorrectly.由于老師的幫助,用來(lái)指一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般將來(lái)時(shí),過(guò)去可用haveto的過(guò)去代替。例：Imustfinishmyworktoday.我今天必須完成我的工作。Youmustn’tworkallthetime.你不能老是工作。MustIreturnthebooktomorrow?我必須明天還書嗎?Aftersuchalongwalk,youmustbetired.走了這么長(zhǎng)的路,你一定累了。HemustbethemanIamlookingfor.他一定是我要找的人。Hehadtogobecauseofsomebodyscallinghimthatday.例：Youmaytakethebookhome.你可以把書帶回家去MayIcomein?我可以進(jìn)來(lái)嗎MayIuseyourdictionary?我可以用你的詞典嗎?Youmayputonmoreclothes.你可以多穿點(diǎn)衣服。Hesaidhemightlendussomemoney.他說(shuō)他可以借給我們一些錢。Mayyousucceed！祝你成功！May的否定形式為maynot,縮寫形是mayn’t。might是may的過(guò)去,有兩種用法,一種表示過(guò)去，一種表示虛擬例：Hetoldmehemightbehereontime.他說(shuō)他能按時(shí)間來(lái)。MightIborrowsomemoneynow.現(xiàn)在我可以借點(diǎn)錢嗎?Hemightbealive.他可能還活著。例：NeedIattendthemeetingtomorrow?我需要明天參加會(huì)議嗎Youneednothandinthepaperthisweek.這一周你不必 need是一個(gè)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,他的用法完全和其他情態(tài)動(dòng)詞一樣,但need還可當(dāng)作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞使用,這時(shí)need就像其他動(dòng)詞一樣,有第三人稱,單復(fù)數(shù),后面加帶to的動(dòng)詞等特性。needsth.needtodoneedng=needtobedone主動(dòng)例：Ineedabiketogotoschool.我上學(xué)需要一輛自行車。Doyouneedadictionary?你需要詞典嗎?Sheneedsanecklace.willwould用于疑問(wèn)句表示說(shuō)話人向?qū)Ψ教岢稣?qǐng)求或詢問(wèn),用would比will更婉轉(zhuǎn),客氣。例：It’shot.Willyouopenthewindows?天氣太熱了,你能打開窗戶嗎?Willyouhelpmetoworkitout?你能幫我解這道題嗎?Wouldyoulikesomecoffee?給你來(lái)點(diǎn)咖啡怎樣？shallshould表示命令,警告,允諾,征求,勸告,例：Youshouldhandintheexercisebook.你應(yīng)該交作業(yè)本兒了。Thisshouldbenoproblem.這應(yīng)該沒問(wèn)題。Shallwegonow.我們現(xiàn)在可以走了嗎?WhyshouldImeethim?為什么我要見他?haveto不得不,必須,表示客觀條件只能如此,而must則表示思想必須。例：Ihavetogonow.我現(xiàn)在得走了。Ihavetocookformychild.Youmustbehereontimenexttime.Wemustgotogetthetimetableourselves.要自己去拿時(shí)刻表難點(diǎn)一、比較can和beablecancould表示能力；可能(過(guò)去時(shí)用could),只用于現(xiàn)在和過(guò)去(could)。beableto可以用于各種時(shí)態(tài)且有人例：Theywillbeabletolyouthenewssoon.他很快就能告訴你消息了只用beableto的情況：例：HewasabletofleeEuropebeforethewarbrokeoutHemanagedtofleeEuropebeforethewarbroke注意：could例：—CouldIhavetheevisionon?—Yes,youcan./No,you例：Hecouldn’tbeabadman.他不大可能是例：MayGodblessyou!Hemightbeat注意:might表示推測(cè)時(shí)，不表示時(shí)態(tài)，只是可能性比may成語(yǔ)：may/mightaswell，后面接不帶to的不定，意為“不妨”。例：Ifthatisthecase,wemayaswelltry.難點(diǎn)三、比較haveto和兩詞都是“必須”的意思，haveto表示客觀的需要，must表示說(shuō)話人上的看法，既上的必要。例：Mybrotherwasveryill,soIhadtocallthedoctorinthemiddleofthenight.Hesaidthattheymustworkhard.他說(shuō)他們必須努力工作。(上要做這件事haveto有人稱、數(shù)、時(shí)態(tài)的變化，而must只有一種形。例：Hehadtolookafterhissisteryesterday.在否定結(jié)構(gòu)中：don’thaveto表示“不必”mustn’t表示“”例：Youdon’thavetolhimaboutit.你不一定要把此事Youmustn’tlhimaboutit.你一定這件事must用在肯定句中表示較有把握的推測(cè)，意為“一定”must表對(duì)現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)或現(xiàn)在正發(fā)生的事情的推測(cè)時(shí)，must后面通常接系動(dòng)詞be的或行為動(dòng)詞的進(jìn)例：Youhaveworkedhardallday.Youmustbetired.你辛苦干一整天，一定累了。(對(duì)現(xiàn)在情況的推測(cè)判斷Hemustbeworkinginhisoffice.他一定在工作呢。比較：Hemustbestayingthere.他現(xiàn)在肯定待在那里。Hemuststaythere.must表示對(duì)過(guò)去某時(shí)正發(fā)生的事情的推測(cè)，must后面要接不定的完成進(jìn)行。例：—Whydidn’tyouanswermyphonecall?—Well,Imusthavebeenslee,soIdidn’thear例：IfTomdidn’tleavehereuntilfiveo’clock,hecan’tbehomecan,could,may,mightmust例：Idon’tknowwheresheis,shemaybeinWuhan.例：Atthismomentourteachermustbecorrectingourexampapers.例：LiYourmothermusthavebeenlookingforyou.你一定一直在找你,例：Mikecan’thavefoundhiscarforhecametoworkbybusthis注意：could,might表示推測(cè)時(shí)不表示時(shí)態(tài)，其推測(cè)的程度不如can,may。例：ItisprettycoldYou’dbetterputonmyShe’dbetternotywiththehadbetterhavedonesth.表示與事實(shí)相反的結(jié)果，意為“本來(lái)最好”。例：Youhadbetterhavecomeearlier.wouldratherdowouldrathernotdowouldrather...than...寧愿……而不愿；還有wouldsoonerhadratherhadsooner都表示“寧愿”、“寧可”的意思。例：IfIhaveachoiceIhadsoonernotcontinuemystudiesatthisIwouldratherstayherethangohome.=Iwouldstayhereratherthangowouldliketodo=wantto想要，為固定搭配。例：Wouldyouliketogowithme?Willyou..Wouldyoulike...?表示肯定含義的請(qǐng)求勸說(shuō)時(shí)，疑問(wèn)句中一般用some,而不是any。例：Wouldyoulikesomecake?否定結(jié)構(gòu)中用will，一般不用would,won’tyou是一種委婉語(yǔ)氣。例：Won’tyousitdown?難點(diǎn)九、maybe和maybe是副詞，意思是“也許、可能”perhaps，常位于句首。Maybeshe’llcomethisafternoon.她可能今天下午來(lái)。Maybeyouputtheletterinyourpockets.Ican’tfindmywatch.Itmaybeinyourpocket.Hemaybeasoldier.他可能是。Wang beinNanjingnow,hewenttoBeijingonlythisA. B.may C. D.–MustIstayathome,Mum?--No,you A. B. C. D.may–Canyougoswimmingwithusthis--Sorry,Ican’t.I takecareofmylittlesisterathomebecausemymotherisA. B. C. D.have–MayIgotothecinema,Mum?--Certainly.Butyou bebackby11A. B. C. D.Tomakeourcitymorebeautiful,rubbish intotheA.needn’tbe B.mustn’tbeC.can’t D.maynot–MayIgoouttoybasketball,--No,you .YoumustfinishyourA. B.may C. D.–WhereisJack,please?--He beinthereadingA. B. C. D.–Whoisthemanoverthere?IsitMr.--No,it behim.Mr.LiismuchA. B.may C. D.Thesebooks outofthereadingroom.YouhavetoreadthemA.can’t B.mustbe C.can D.mustn’tbe–Mum,mayIwatchTV--Sure,butyou helpmewithmyhouseworkA. B. C. D.CADCBIt’stimeforThelightison;hemustbeatYoumuststudyTheriverusedtobedirty,butitiscleanHecan’tbeMr.White,forhewenttoAmericaneed,need,needn’t,can,can’t,shall,shouldn’t,may,must,mustn’t,haveto, showhimthe CanyouanswerthisquestioninFrench?No, MayIkeepthebookforthreeweeks?No, livewithoutairor notworry.Everythingwillbeall Ihavesomechocolates—No,you beleft finishmybeforeIgotowegooutforawalk?That’sagoodyoulikesomeKey:1.needn’t,must2.can’t3.mustn;t4.can5.need6.may7.shouldn’t8.haveto9.shall10.Foraresultofthelimitedland,itcan’tprovidesomuchWhydidyougetupsoearlyinthisIfTomdidn’tleavehereuntilfiveo’clock,hemustn’tbehomeWhateverthereisplentyofsunandrain,thefieldsareHekeptintouchtohisoldForinmustn’twhatevertowithFilltheblankswiththewordsyouhear.(onewordeachAmericanBlackWhatanimalsleepsforuptoeightmonthsoftheyear eatingordrinking?Whatanimalspendsmostofitslifealoneandnevergets ?WhatanimalcanbefoundthroughoutNorthAmerican,fromAlaskatoMexico?Theansweris,theAmericanBlackBear.Theseanimalsareusuallycalledblackbearsbecauseofthecoloroftheirfur.Thecolorcanchangea ontheTheyaregreatswimmers,soyoucanoftenseetheminthewater tocatchfish.Theyarealsogreatclimbers,soyoucanoftenseethemclimbinguptreestocatchsmallanimals.Blackbearsarethe inthe becausetherearelotsoffruits,nts,smallanimals,andnutsnearbytoeat.Unfortunay,blackbearsarehaving nowadays.Manypeoplearemovingintotheswhereblackbearslive.Often,theyhuntblackbearsforsport,even itisillegal.Blackb