海事基礎(chǔ)英語(yǔ)綜合教程第二冊(cè)Unit7-Types-of-Merchant-Ships課件

Unit7TypesofMerchantShipsPartⅠWarming-upActivitiesABCD1.OilTanker(D)2.ContainerShip(A)3.BulkCarrier

(B)4.Ro-RoVessel(C)PartⅡTextA:CommonSuperstitionsatSeaSection1:BackgroundInformation

Section2:Textexplanation1.Keywordsandexpressions2.TexttranslationPartⅡTextA:CommonSuperstitionsatSeaSection1:BackgroundInformation

Section2:Textexplanation1.Keywordsandexpressions2.Keysentenceanalysis3.TexttranslationMerchantshipnamesareprefixedbywhichkindofvesseltheyare:1.MV=MotorVessel2.SS=SteamShip3.MT=MotorTankerorMotorTugBoat4.MSV=MotorStand-byVessel5.MY=MotorYacht6.RMS=RoyalMailShip7.RRS=RoyalResearchShip8.SV=SailingVessel9.LPG=Gascarriertransportingliquefiedpetroleumgas10.LNG=Gascarriertransportingliquefiednaturalgas11.CS=CableShiporCablelayer

NameprefixesSection1:BackgroundInformationSection2:Textexplanation1.Keywordsandexpressions2.Keysentenceanalysis3.Texttranslation1.transport

v.

（from,to）tomovepeopleorthingsfromoneplacetoanother,usuallyinavehicle(通常指車(chē)輛)運(yùn)輸，運(yùn)送，搬運(yùn)e.g.①Volunteerswillbetransportedtotheislandbyboat.

志愿者們將由小船送往該島。②Trainstransportthecoaltotheports.

火車(chē)把煤運(yùn)到各個(gè)港口。Paragraph1Keywordsandexpressions2.accordingtoprep.

asshownbysomethingorstatedby根據(jù)……所說(shuō)（所示）；inawaythatdependsondifferencesinsituationsoramounts取決于，以……為轉(zhuǎn)移；inawaythatagreeswithasystemorplan,orobeysasetofrules根據(jù)，按照，依照e.g.

①Accordingtothesefigures,theshippingcompanyisdoingwell.

從這些數(shù)字來(lái)看，這家航運(yùn)公司經(jīng)營(yíng)得不錯(cuò)。②Eachpassengerwillbehelpedaccordingtohisorherneeds.

每個(gè)乘客得到的幫助都將取決于具體需要。③Everythingwentaccordingtoplan,andwearrivedontime.

一切都按計(jì)劃進(jìn)行，我們按時(shí)到達(dá)。Paragraph1KeywordsandexpressionsParagraph1Translation商船是用來(lái)運(yùn)輸貨物或乘客的船舶。根據(jù)使用目的和/或規(guī)格，商船可分成以下幾類(lèi)。1.freightern.

alargeshiporplanethatcarriesgoods貨船；運(yùn)貨飛機(jī)e.g.

seagoingfreighter

遠(yuǎn)洋貨輪Thefreightercarriesafewpassengersinadditiontoitscargo.

這艘貨船除了貨物之外還載有一些乘客。Paragraph2Keywordsandexpressions2.carriern.

avesselorvehiclefortransportingpeopleorthings,especiallygoodsinbulk（尤指大宗貨物的）運(yùn)輸船；運(yùn)輸車(chē)輛e.g.

①thelargesttimbercarrierevertodockatSharpness

在夏普尼斯港?？康淖畲竽静倪\(yùn)輸船。②anaircraftcarrier

航空母艦Paragraph2KeywordsandexpressionsParagraph2Translation干貨船貨船或者貨輪是指任何承運(yùn)貨物、商品以及材料由一個(gè)港口到另一個(gè)港口的船或輪。當(dāng)前，干貨船主要是指散裝貨輪和集裝箱船。1.inbulkphr.

(ofacargoorcommodity)notpackaged;loose（貨物/商品）松散的，散裝的e.g.

sellinbulk

原艙出售;整批出售,批發(fā)Itismoreconvenienttotransportthegoodsinbulk.

散裝運(yùn)送貨物更方便。Paragraph3Keywordsandexpressions2.sternn.

thebackpartofaship

船尾，艉e.g.①thesternofaship.

船尾。②Winehasnostern.

飲酒不知底。Paragraph3Keywordsandexpressions3.longitudinaladj.

goingfromtoptobottom,notacross

縱向的e.g.

①decklongitudinal

甲板縱骨②longitudinalbulkhead

縱艙壁Paragraph3KeywordsandexpressionsParagraph3Translation散裝貨輪，或者稱為散貨船，是指專門(mén)用來(lái)運(yùn)載散裝商品的船舶。散裝運(yùn)輸?shù)呢浳镆话惆静?、煤炭、礦石、谷物、焦炭、化肥、水泥、輕礦物、糖和沙。散貨船通常有一層甲板，輪機(jī)艙位于船尾，上面是甲板室。貨艙以縱橫墻建成，稱之為艙壁。有些散貨船也具有油輪類(lèi)似的功能。這樣的船舶稱為礦石，散貨和石油多用途船（油礦兩用船）。1.sealv.tocloseacontainerorspacebycoveringitwithsomethingsothatairorothersubstancescannotgetinorout封，密封e.g.

①Hesealedthebagtightlywithstickytape.

他用膠帶將袋子牢牢地封住了。②tosealaleak.

把漏洞塞住。Paragraph4KeywordsandexpressionsParagraph4Keywordsandexpressions2.stowv.toputsomethingsomewherewhileyouarenotusingit裝,裝載e.g.①I(mǎi)stowedmybagundertheseat.

我把包放在椅子下面。②Theship’scargoisstowedinthehold.

船的貨物都裝好放在艙里。stowagen.裝載；裝載物Paragraph4Keywordsandexpressions3.anchorv.

tolowertheanchoronashiporboattoholditinoneplace;

moor

拋錨停船e.g.①WeanchoredofftheFrenchcoast.

我們?cè)诜▏?guó)近海拋錨泊船。②Theboatsanchoredalongtheshoreatdawn.

好幾艘船拂曉時(shí)沿岸拋錨。~anchoragen.停泊處,拋錨處Paragraph4Keywordsandexpressions4.inplace

phr.

inthecorrectposition在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢茫贿m當(dāng)?shù)膃.g.①Thechairswerenotyetinplacefortheconcert.

音樂(lè)會(huì)的座椅還沒(méi)安排好。②Shelikestohaveeverythinginplace.

她喜歡每件東西都各就各位。Paragraph4Translation集裝箱船用來(lái)運(yùn)載零擔(dān)貨物。這些船使用集裝箱運(yùn)輸貨物。貨物裝在鎖妥、封好的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)尺寸大箱子里。集裝箱放置在集裝箱船的貨艙和主甲板上。貨艙里有專門(mén)的蜂窩狀結(jié)構(gòu)的導(dǎo)軌，集裝箱就裝在這里一個(gè)疊一個(gè)。多出的集裝箱就裝在露天甲板，用鋼索系固。1.derivev.

toreceiveorobtainsomethingfromsomething（從某物中）取得，得到e.g.①ThiswordisderivedfromLatin.

這個(gè)詞來(lái)自拉丁語(yǔ)。②Theyderivesuchgreatenjoymentfromthesesimplegames.

他們從這些簡(jiǎn)單的游戲中得到很到大樂(lè)趣。Paragraph5Keywordsandexpressions2.evaporatev.

ifliquidevaporatesorisevaporated,itchangesintogasorsteam（使）蒸發(fā);（使）揮發(fā)e.g.

①M(fèi)ostofthewaterhadevaporated.

大部分水都已經(jīng)蒸發(fā)掉了。②Thesunevaporatesmoistureontheleaves.

陽(yáng)光使葉子上的水分揮發(fā)掉。evaporationn.蒸發(fā);發(fā)散Paragraph5Keywordsandexpressions3.Theboil-off,whichisthegasevaporatedfromthecargoinordertokeepthetemperaturelow,canbeusedasfuelfortheboilers.which引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語(yǔ)從句來(lái)說(shuō)明前面整個(gè)句子的情況或主句的某一部分,用which代表事物。當(dāng)先行詞是專有名詞或物主代詞和指示代詞所修飾時(shí)，其后的定語(yǔ)從句通常是非限制性的。e.g.①M(fèi)yhouse,whichIboughtlastyear,hasgotalovelygarden.

我去年買(mǎi)的的那幢房子帶著個(gè)漂亮的花園。②Thisnovel,whichIhavereadthreetimes,isverytouching.

這本小說(shuō)很動(dòng)人，我已經(jīng)讀了三遍。Paragraph5KeysentenceanalysisParagraph5Translation油輪油輪是指用來(lái)運(yùn)送液體貨物的船舶，比如石油及石油衍生產(chǎn)品、液化氣、化學(xué)品、酒和水。也有氣槽船用來(lái)運(yùn)輸液化氣，液化石油氣或者液化天然氣，這兩種都需要保存在高壓低溫環(huán)境下以保持貨物處于液化狀態(tài)。另外還有原油油輪。氣槽船通常是汽輪機(jī)船。蒸發(fā)汽化物，即為了保持低溫而由貨物蒸發(fā)的氣體，可以用作鍋爐的燃料。1.refrigeratev.

tokeepfoodordrinkscoldbyputtingtheminarefrigerator冷凍;冷藏e.g.①refrigeratedmeat

凍肉②Coverandrefrigerate3to4hours.

蓋好放入冰箱3-4小時(shí)。Paragraph6Keywordsandexpressions2.exceptprep.

usedtointroducetheonlythingorpersoninagroupaboutwhichastatementisnottrue除……之外e.g.

①Notasoundwasheardexceptthewindhowling.

除了風(fēng)的怒吼聲之外其他什么聲音都聽(tīng)不見(jiàn)。②+for:Exceptforoneoldlady,thebuswasempty.

除了一位老太太外，公共汽車(chē)上空無(wú)一人。③+that:Airlineofficialshadnothingtotellusexceptthattheflighthadbeendelayed.除了說(shuō)航班延誤外，航空公司的官員也沒(méi)告訴我們別的。Paragraph6KeywordsandexpressionsParagraph6Translation特種船只特種船只，例如：用來(lái)運(yùn)送超重貨物或冷藏貨物（冷藏船），運(yùn)輸車(chē)輛和帶輪機(jī)械的滾裝貨物（滾裝船）。除了汽車(chē)運(yùn)載船外，這些船只的開(kāi)發(fā)不是很好。海運(yùn)業(yè)也只有這個(gè)領(lǐng)域發(fā)展良好。1.incomparisonwithphr.

usedfortalkingaboutthewaysinwhichtwopeopleorthingsaredifferent與……相比e.g.①Livinginthecountryischeapincomparisonwiththebigcities.

與大都市相比，在鄉(xiāng)下生活較便宜。②Incomparisonwithhisbrother,Edmundwouldhavenothingtosay.

埃德蒙與他哥哥不同，他沒(méi)有什么話說(shuō)。Paragraph7Keywordsandexpressions2.aswell

phr.

inadditiontosomethingorsomeoneelse也，同樣e.g.

①I(mǎi)’dlikeacupofcoffee,andaglassofwateraswell.

我想要一杯咖啡，還有一杯水。②Whydon’tyoucomealongaswell?

為什么不一起去呢？Paragraph7Keywordsandexpressions3.competitionn.

theactivitiesofcompaniesthataretryingtobemoresuccessfulthanothers競(jìng)爭(zhēng)e.g.

①Theywerefacedwithfiercecompetition.

他們面臨著激烈的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。②Competitionforthejobwasintense.

這個(gè)工作職位的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)根激烈。③Competitionfromcheaperimportsismakinglifetoughformanufacturers.

來(lái)自廉價(jià)進(jìn)口產(chǎn)品的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)使制造商的日子很不好過(guò)。Paragraph7Keywordsandexpressions4.similaradj.

thingsthataresimilarsharesomequalitiesbutarenotexactlythesame相似的，相近的e.g.

①Wehavesimilarhobbiesandinterests.

我們有相似的愛(ài)好與興趣。②+to:Theirsituationisverysimilartoours.

他們的情況和我們的很相似。③+in:Thetwomenaresimilarinappearance.

這兩名男子外表很相似。Paragraph7KeywordsandexpressionsParagraph7Translation客船與貨船相比，客船在數(shù)量和類(lèi)型上都較少。傳統(tǒng)的客船指定期客船，然而很多也載貨?，F(xiàn)在，因?yàn)楹娇者\(yùn)輸?shù)母?jìng)爭(zhēng)，客輪的數(shù)量大幅減少。另外一種客船是游輪。這些船只外形與客輪相似。最常見(jiàn)的一種客輪就是渡輪。很多渡輪也用來(lái)運(yùn)送車(chē)輛；因此，這些客輪在船尾或船首設(shè)有門(mén)。PartⅢExercisesSection1:Comprehension

Section2:VocabularySection3:Grammar

Section4:Translation

1.Whatisamerchantship?

Amerchantshipisavesselthattransportscargoorpassengers.2.Whatkindofcargodobulkcarrierscarry?

Theycarryloosegoodsinbulk,commonlyincludingwood,coal,ore,grain,coke,fertilizers,cement,lightminerals,sugarandsand.3.Whereandhowarethecontainerscarriedoncontainerships?

Theyarecarriedbothinholdsandonthemaindeck.4.Howshouldgastankersbekeptintransportation?

Theyneedtobekeptathigherpressureandatlowtemperaturestomaintainthecargoinaliquefiedstate.5.Whyhasthenumberofpassengerlinersbeenreducedgreatlynowadays?

Becauseofcompetitionfromairtransport.Section1:ComprehensionIammaintainingmycourseandspeed.Bagsareusuallystowedinbetweenthebulkgraintoreplaceshiftingboards.Thecollisionbulkheadshallbeofwater-tight.KapoklifejacketsshouldNOTbestowednearopenflameorleftonopendecks.Youshouldnotdividethefreshwaterintothreetrips.Manyofthesoundingsshownonthechartarederivedfrominadequateandoftenveryoldsurveys.Unduerelianceshouldnotbeplaceduponthem.7)Wireropeshouldberenewedwhentheouterwiresareworntohalftheiroriginaldiameter.8)OilmayNOTbetransferredunlessdischargecontainmentequipment(i.e.drippans)areinplace.9)Youhaveanchoredinthewrongpositionobstructingothertraffic．Youmustheaveupyouranchor.10)Afireofescapingliquefiedflammablegasisbestextinguishedbystoppingtheflowofgas.1.FillintheblankSection2:Vocabulary2.SuffixesSection2:VocabularyVerbsNounsVerbsNounsanchoranchoragerefrigeraterefrigerationderivederivationevaporateevaporationdividedivisionbuoybuoyageequipequipmentcollidecollisionmeasuremeasurementsteersteeragestowstowagearrangearrangement1)carry,carrier,carriagea)TheVesselisaself-trimmingbulkcarrierswhichispermittedtocarrygraininbulkwithoutrequiringanyfittingsundertheRulesofthe1974SOLAS.b)Alltheholdsandotherpartsoftheshipinwhichcargoistobestowedshouldbesuitableforthecarriage.c)Ahighcubecontainerisdesignedspecificallytocarrylowdensitycargoes.3.FillintheblanksSection2:Vocabulary2)contain,container,containmenta)Thesuccessofanindirectattackonafiredependsonthecompletecontainmentofthefire.b)OfficialproofofaChinesevessel'snationalityiscontainedintheCertificateofDocumentation.。c)A“wetcargo”referstoliquidsincontainers.3.FillintheblanksSection2:Vocabulary3)transport,transporter,transportationa)TheprimaryobjectiveofaRo-Rovesselistotransportvehicles.b)ThetransportationofdangerouscargoinpackagesisgovernedbyIMDGcode.c)JapanlaunchescargotransportertotheInternationalSpaceStation.3.FillintheblanksSection2:VocabularyAwarshipisashipthatisbuilt(build)andprimarilyintended(intend)forcombat.Warshipsaredesigned(design)towithstanddamageandare(be)usuallyfasterandmoremaneuverablethanmerchantships.Unlikeamerchantship,awarshiptypicallyonlycarries(carry)weapons,ammunitionandsuppliesforitsowncrew(ratherthanmerchantcargo).Inwartime,thedistinctionbetweenwarshipsandmerchantshipsisoftenblurred(blur).Inwar,merchantshipsareoftenarmed(arm)andusedasauxiliarywarships.Modernwarshipsaregenerallydivided(divide)intosevenmaincategories,whichare:aircraftcarriers,cruisers,destroyers,frigates,co