2024屆高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)：現(xiàn)在分詞的用法 課件 (共29張PPT)

第第頁(yè)2024屆高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)：現(xiàn)在分詞的用法課件(共29張PPT)(共29張PPT)

非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞系列之四

現(xiàn)在分詞

ReadthefollowingsentencesfromthetextandunderlinetheGerunds.

Forexample,itcouldbe“ShanghaiSewingMachine”,…

Formanyoftoday’sadvertisers,repeatingoldideasisnotasuccessfulapproach.

3.Alotofmoneyisspentonapplyingmoderntechniquesofdesigntomaketheseadvertisementsasvisuallyattractiveaspossible.

4.Otherstrytocreateadvertisementsthatpeoplesimpleenjoylookingat.

Forexample,itcouldbe“ShanghaiSewingMachine”,…

Formanyoftoday’sadvertisers,repeatingoldideasisnotasuccessfulapproach.

3.Alotofmoneyisspentonapplyingmoderntechniquesofdesigntomaketheseadvertisementsasvisuallyattractiveaspossible.

4.Otherstrytocreateadvertisementsthatpeoplesimpleenjoylookingat.

主語(yǔ)

賓語(yǔ)

賓語(yǔ)

定語(yǔ)

定語(yǔ)

主語(yǔ)

賓語(yǔ)

.表語(yǔ)

Seeingisbelieving

跟不定式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞：

decide,refuse,learn,ask,tell,fail,choose,promise,expect,wish,intend,manage,pretend,agree,help,arrange,afford,plan,wouldlike/love/prefer,persuade,seem,appear,offer,attempt

跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞：

can’thelp,dislike,avoid/escape,consider,finish,suggest,deny,giveup,imagine,putoff,risk,mind,keep,miss,enjoy,can’tstand,fancy,admit,delay,practice,appreciate,beworth,feellike,lookforwardto

跟不定式或動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞：

begin,start,continue,hate,like,love,prefer

跟不定式或動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，意義不同的動(dòng)詞：

remember,forget,regret,mean,try,stop,

goon,need/want/require

1.Irememberseeinghersomewherebefore.

2.PleaseremembertoturnofftheTVbefore

leaving.

3.Thewallsneedpainting./Thewallsneedto

bepainted.

1．作表語(yǔ)

2．作定語(yǔ)

3．作狀語(yǔ)

4．作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)

5.現(xiàn)在分詞的完成形式和被動(dòng)形式

1．作表語(yǔ)?，F(xiàn)在分詞作表語(yǔ)多表示主語(yǔ)所具有的特征或?qū)傩?/p>

Thenewswasexciting.

Thesituationisencouraging.

Heisveryexcited.

2．作定語(yǔ)：

①單獨(dú)作定語(yǔ)，應(yīng)放在被修飾的名詞之前，如：

Thisisatouchingstory.

Barkingdogsseldombite.

注：分詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，意義上接近于一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，如：

developingcountries=countriesthataredeveloping

agrowingcity=acitythatisgrowing

②在更多情況下，可以用分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)，這時(shí)分詞短語(yǔ)應(yīng)放在被修飾的名詞之后，在意義上也相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，如：

Whoisthemanstanding(=thatisstanding)bythedoor

Theybuiltahighwayleading(=whichleads)intothemountains.

③作定語(yǔ)的現(xiàn)在分詞所表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間有兩種情況：

a.表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,(變?yōu)閺木鋾r(shí)要用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)),如：

Tellthechildrenplayingthere(whoareplayingthere)nottomakesomuchnoise.

Didyouseethemantalking(whowastalking)tothemanager

b.表示經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作,或現(xiàn)在(或當(dāng)時(shí))的狀態(tài),(變?yōu)閺木鋾r(shí),用一般時(shí)態(tài)),如：

Theylivedinaroomfacing(=thatfaced)thesouth.

Thehousestanding(=thatstands)atthecornerofthestreetwasbuiltin1955.

正在舉行的會(huì)議非常重要。

我們必須把在這兒討論的事情保密。

Themeetingbeingheldisveryimportant.

Wemustkeepasecretofthethingsbeingdiscussedhere.

下周要舉行的會(huì)議非常重要。

請(qǐng)把下次會(huì)議要討論的話題告訴我。

Themeetingtobeheldnextweekisveryimportant.

Pleasetellmethesubjectstobediscussedatthenextmeeting.

值得注意的問(wèn)題：現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，所表示的動(dòng)作不能先于謂語(yǔ)所表示的動(dòng)作，也不可以表示將來(lái)。另外，一般不用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式作定語(yǔ)：

Thosehavingfinishedtheirworkcangohomenow.

Thosewhohavefinishedtheirworkcangohomenow.

ThemangivingusalecturelastweekleftforShenzhenthismorning.

ThemanwhogaveusalecturelastweekleftforShenzhenthismorning.

系動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式不可用作后置定語(yǔ)，此時(shí)要用從句來(lái)表示，如：

Thosebeingbusydon’thavetogo.

(應(yīng)改為T(mén)hosewhoarebusydon’thavetogo.)

HisbrotherbeingaPLAmanis18yearsold.

(應(yīng)改為HisbrotherwhoisaPLAmanis18yearsold.)

3．作狀語(yǔ)：

Thechildrenranoutoftheroom,laughingandtalkingmerrily.

Theystoodthereforanhourwatchingthegame.

Shesatatthedeskreadinganewspaper.

注意：a.分詞表示的必須是主語(yǔ)的一個(gè)動(dòng)作；b.分詞表示的動(dòng)作和謂語(yǔ)表示的動(dòng)作（或狀態(tài)）是同時(shí)發(fā)生的；c.分詞表示的是比較次要的動(dòng)作，對(duì)謂語(yǔ)表示的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)加以說(shuō)明；d.分詞有時(shí)可以與句子的其他部分用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。

＊Followingtheguide,theystartedtoclimb.

＊Workingthisway,theygreatlyreducedthecost.

＊Travellingbyjeep,wevisitedanumberofcities.

＊Seeingnobodyathome,shedecidedtoleavethemanote.

＊Notknowingheraddress,wecouldn’tgetintouchwithher.

＊Beingsopoorinthosedays,wecouldn’taffordtosendtheboytohospital.

注：如果分詞表示的動(dòng)作在謂語(yǔ)所表示的動(dòng)作之前發(fā)生，則要用完成形式，如：

Havingworkedamongthepeasantsformanyyears,heknewthemverywell.

Nothavingreceivedananswer,hedecidedtowriteanotherletter.

HavinglivedinBerlinmanyyears,heknewthecitywell.

如果兩個(gè)動(dòng)作是完全同時(shí)發(fā)生的，可用when或while+分詞這種結(jié)構(gòu)，如：

Becarefulwhencrossingthestreet.

Don’tmentionthiswhiletalkingtohim.

現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)還可以表示結(jié)果、條件和讓步，如：

Herhusbanddiedin1942,leavingherwithfivechildren.(結(jié)果)

Thebuswasheldupbysnowstorm,thuscausingthedelay.(結(jié)果)

Workinghard,youwillsucceed.(條件)

Turningtotheleft,youwillfindthepathleadingtothesite.(條件)

Weighingalmostonehundredjin,thestonewasmovedbyhimalone.(讓步)

過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)

Builtin1192,thebridgeisover700yearsold.

Ledbytheparty,thepeoplehaveimprovedtheirlivingconditionsgreatly.

Surroundedbyagroupofpupils,theoldteacherwalkedintotheroom.

Thetrainerappeared,followedbysixlittledogs.

Heated,waterchangesintosteam.

Seenfromthehill,theparklooksverybeautiful.

Thechildrenranoutoftheroom,laughingandtalkingmerrily.

4．作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)：

①現(xiàn)在分詞做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，如：

※I’msorrytohavekeptyouwaitingforsolong.

※Icouldfeelthecoldwindblowingonmyface.

※Hetriedtostarttheenginerunning.

※Thewordsimmediatelysetusalllaughing.

②過(guò)去分詞做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，如：

※HewatchedtheTVsetcarriedoutoftheroom.

※Lastyeartheyhadthehouserebuilt.

※WhenyouspeakEnglish,besuretomakeyourselfunderstood.

※You’dbetterhaveyourshoesmended.

③現(xiàn)在分詞做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，與賓語(yǔ)有著邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)一般為賓語(yǔ)所做的動(dòng)作；過(guò)去分詞做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，與賓語(yǔ)有著動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，賓語(yǔ)是過(guò)去分詞所表示的動(dòng)作的承受者，如：

Hesawanoldmangettingonthebus.

.

IonceheardthissongsunginJapanese.

Idon’twantthechildrentakenoutinsuchweather.

I’manearlybird,andI’vegotusedto__________(getup)at5:00a.m