電子信息與通信工程專業(yè)英語lesson5(太原理工大學(xué)版)課件

Chapter5Communication

第5章通信電子信息與通信工程專業(yè)英語Chapter5Communication

第15.1AShortHistoryofCommunication通信簡(jiǎn)史5.2WirelessCommunicationTechnology無線通信技術(shù)

5.3OpticalFiberCommunication光導(dǎo)纖維通信電子信息與通信工程專業(yè)英語5.1AShortHistoryofCommuni25.4BasicNetworkingConceptsforComputerNetwork應(yīng)用于計(jì)算機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的基礎(chǔ)網(wǎng)絡(luò)概念電子信息與通信工程專業(yè)英語5.4BasicNetworkingConcep3TEXT文章

5.1AShortHistoryofCommunication1.Originaltechnologiesofcommunication

2.Communicationatthespeedofelectricity

電子信息與通信工程專業(yè)英語TEXT文章

5.1AShortHis4convergencen.

集中,收斂,融合couriern.

送快信的人,旅行從仆circuitswitching電路交換cyberterrorismn.網(wǎng)絡(luò)dot-comsn.網(wǎng)絡(luò)企業(yè)ecommercen.電子商務(wù)heliographn.日光儀電子信息與通信工程專業(yè)英語convergencen.5InterfaceMessageProcessors

n.接口信息處理機(jī)messageswitching報(bào)文交換monopolyn.壟斷semaphoren..信號(hào)燈shacklevt.

束縛skepticsn.

懷疑學(xué)派sabbaticaln.

學(xué)術(shù)假期Telenetn.遠(yuǎn)程通信網(wǎng)Telecopiern.

遠(yuǎn)程復(fù)印機(jī)

電子信息與通信工程專業(yè)英語InterfaceMessageProcessors6Nomatterwhatcareeryouenter,you’llneedtocommunicatewithpeople.Webelievethatcultural,social,andpersonalexperienceimprovesthroughmoreeffectiveunderstandingandpracticeofcommunication.CommunicationStudiesseektounderstandcommunicationandtoimproveitspracticeinavarietyofrelationships.電子信息與通信工程專業(yè)英語Nomatterwhatcareeryouente7Wefocusontwopersonandfamilycommunication,communicationinsmallgroupsandinlargeorganizations,communicationacrosscommunities,thenatureoflanguageandsymbols,andthenatureofargumentandpersuasioninpoliticalsettingsandinsocialmovements.

電子信息與通信工程專業(yè)英語Wefocusontwopersonandfam8Thehistoryofcommunicationcangobacktothousandsofyears.However,thetechnologiesthatsomanyofusareaddictedtotoday-mobilephones,theinternet,satelliteTV-arebuiltonourachievements.電子信息與通信工程專業(yè)英語Thehistoryofcommunicationc9Eachnewdevelopmenthastransformedtheworldwelivein.Anunderstandingofthejourneywehavetakentogetwherewearenowshowsthattoday'stechniquesarerefinementsofwhatcamebefore.Reallybigrevolutionsmaybestilltocome.電子信息與通信工程專業(yè)英語Eachnewdevelopmenthastrans101.OriginaltechnologiesofcommunicationCommunicationbeginswiththefirstconversationsbetweenpeople.

Fireandthesmokeitproducesmayalsohavebeenusedforsimplecommunicationbetweenseparatedgroups.電子信息與通信工程專業(yè)英語1.Originaltechnologiesofco11TheinventionoftheprintingpressinChinasometimeafter300ADmeantthatthesamemessagecouldbedeliveredtomanypeoplecheaplyandmorequicklythancopyingoutthemessagemanytimesbyhand.電子信息與通信工程專業(yè)英語Theinventionoftheprinting122.CommunicationatthespeedofelectricityWiththediscoveryofelectricitythespeedandrangeofcommunicationonceagainbegantoincrease.

電子信息與通信工程專業(yè)英語2.Communicationatthespeed13TheinventionoftechniquessuchasMorsecodeallowedcomplexmessagestobetransferredatveryhighspeedsoverthisnewmedium.Thesehadhugerepercussionsformanyaspectsofhumanlife,forexample,transportcouldbebettercoordinated,governmentcouldtransmitdecisionstodistantofficesalmostinstantaneously,andbusinessescouldworkwithmorebusinessesoverlargerdistances.電子信息與通信工程專業(yè)英語Theinventionoftechniquessu14Thefirstamplitudemodulation(AM)radiostationbeganoperatinginSpringfield,Mass.,shortlyafterWorldWarI,andthefirstfrequencymodulation(FM)stationwasauthorizedtooperatebytheFederalCommunicationsCommission(FCC)in1940.電子信息與通信工程專業(yè)英語Thefirstamplitudemodulation15ThefirsttelevisionstationwasauthorizedbytheFCCin1941andthefirstCATVstationsystembeganseveralyearslater.電子信息與通信工程專業(yè)英語Thefirsttelevisionstationw16SeeTable5-1Electricalcommunicationhistory電子信息與通信工程專業(yè)英語SeeTable5-1Electricalcommu17Atthesametimeasthesedevelopmentsinsound,peoplewereworkinghardoncapturingimages.Forhundredsofyearsartistsandscientistshadknownthatasmallholeinthewallofadarkenedroomwouldprojectanimageoftheoutsideworldontheoppositewall.電子信息與通信工程專業(yè)英語Atthesametimeasthesedeve18In1814JosephNicéphoreNiépceusedthisprincipletoprojectanimageoftheworldontochemicallytreatedpaperinabox,sothefirstphotographhadbeentaken.Imagesfromonepartoftheworldcouldbebroughttoanother.電子信息與通信工程專業(yè)英語In1814JosephNicéphoreNiépc19ThisallowedpeopleinTanzaniatoseewhataLondonStreetlookedlike,andpeopleinLondontomarvelatMaasaiwarriorsdressedintheirfinery.In1877,EadweardMuybridgedevelopedacamerawhichcouldtakeaseriesofphotographsinrapidsuccession.電子信息與通信工程專業(yè)英語ThisallowedpeopleinTanzani20Hedidthisinordertowinabetonwhetherallahorseshoovesleftthegroundwhenitran.Helostthebet,butinventedthemoviecamera.By1927thishadbeencombinedwithrecordedsound,allowingpeopletosharerealisticexperiencesaroundtheworld.電子信息與通信工程專業(yè)英語Hedidthisinordertowina21Thetechnologiesthatwehavediscussedhaveallhelpedusstoreandtransmitcommunication.Allthesetechnologiesarejoiningtogetherintheformofcomputersandtheinternet.

電子信息與通信工程專業(yè)英語Thetechnologiesthatwehave225.2WirelessCommunicationTechnology1Introduction2.Wirelesscommunicationtechnology

電子信息與通信工程專業(yè)英語5.2WirelessCommunicationT23In1895,Guglielmo-Marconiopenedthewayformodernwirelesscommunicationsbytransmittingthethree-dotMorsecodefortheletter‘S’overadistanceofthreekilometersbyelectromagneticwaves.

電子信息與通信工程專業(yè)英語In1895,Guglielmo-Marconiope24Introduction

Therearetwofundamentalaspectsofwirelesscommunicationthatmaketheproblemchallengingandinteresting.

電子信息與通信工程專業(yè)英語Introduction電子信息與通信工程專業(yè)英語25

Firstisphenomenonoffading:thetimevariationofthechannelstrengthsduetothesmall-scaleeffectofmultipathfadingandshadowingbyobstacles.Second,wirelessuserscommunicateovertheairandthereissignificantinterferencebetweenthem.電子信息與通信工程專業(yè)英語電子信息與通信工程專業(yè)英語26Theinterferencecanbebetweentransmitterscommunicatingwithacommonreceiver,betweensignalsfromasingletransmittertomultiplereceivers,orbetweendifferenttransmitter-receiverpairs.電子信息與通信工程專業(yè)英語Theinterferencecanbebetwee27Howtodealwithfadingandinterferenceiscentraltothedesignofwirelesscommunication.

電子信息與通信工程專業(yè)英語Howtodealwithfadingand28Therearemanywirelesscommunicationstechnologiesthatcanbedifferentiatedbyfrequency,bandwidth,range,andapplications.電子信息與通信工程專業(yè)英語Therearemanywirelesscommun29Thesecategoriesrangefromwirelesswideareanetworks(WWANs)whichcoverthewidestgeographicarea,towirelesspersonalareanetworks(WPANs)whichcoverlessthan10meters.

電子信息與通信工程專業(yè)英語Thesecategoriesrangefro302.Wirelesscommunicationtechnology

WPAN

AWPANisapersonalareanetwork,anetworkforinterconnectingdevicescenteredaroundanindividualperson'sworkspace,inwhichtheconnectionsarewireless.電子信息與通信工程專業(yè)英語2.Wirelesscommunicationtech31communicationwithinabout10metersusedmainlyascablereplacementtechnologiesfordatasynchronizationandconnectivityfordevicesthatareclosetoeachother.電子信息與通信工程專業(yè)英語communicationwithinabout1032BluetoothwirelesstechnologyistheprevalentWPANtechnologytoday.Itoperatesinthe2.4-GHzunlicensedfrequencyband.Ultra-wideband(UWB)technologyprovideshighbandwidthbytransmittingatverylowpoweracrossabroadfrequencyspectrum.

電子信息與通信工程專業(yè)英語Bluetoothwirelesstechnology33WirelessLANsAWireLAN(WLAN),whichsometimesreferredtoasLAWNrobustwirelessnetworkconnectivityoveralocalareaofapproximately100metersoperatesinthe2.4-GHzfrequencybandat11Mbps電子信息與通信工程專業(yè)英語WirelessLANsAWireLAN(WLAN)34802.11standardsusetheEthernet

protocolandCarrierSenseMultipleAccesswithCollisionAvoidance(CSMA/CA)forpathsharingandincludeanencryptionmethod,theWiredEquivalentPrivacy

algorithm.電子信息與通信工程專業(yè)英語802.11standardsusetheEther35WiFifocusonuserauthenticationandencryptionMultiple-InputMultiple-Output(MIMO)radiofrequency(RF)電子信息與通信工程專業(yè)英語WiFifocusonuserauthenticat36WMANAwirelessMAN,orWMANawirelesscommunicationsnetworkthatcoversalargegeographicareasuchasacityorsuburb.backhaulhasthegreatestshort-termappeal電子信息與通信工程專業(yè)英語WMANAwirelessMAN,orWMAN電子37lastmilecouldestablishwirelessasanalternativetoresidentialbroadbandDSL/cablemodem2to11GHzfrequencyrange電子信息與通信工程專業(yè)英語lastmilecouldestablishwire38TwoWWANtechnologies,includingGlobalSystemforMobileCommunications(GSM)andCodeDivisionMultipleAccess(CDMA),dominateWWANdeploymentsworldwide.電子信息與通信工程專業(yè)英語TwoWWANtechnologies,includi39Thesetwotechnologiesareexpectedtoevolveonparallelpathsfortheforeseeablefuture.Wealsorecognizetheimportanceofindustrystandardstowidespreadadoption.電子信息與通信工程專業(yè)英語Thesetwotechnologiesare40InthesamewaythatearlycompetingWLANtechnologiesgavewaytotheIEEE801.11bstandard,itisimportantthattheindustrydrivetowardworldwidestandardizationinotherwirelesstechnologies.電子信息與通信工程專業(yè)英語Inthesamewaythatearlycom411.Opticalfiber

2.Opticalcommunicationsystems3.AdvantagesofopticalfibercommunicationTEXT

5.3OpticalFiber

Communication電子信息與通信工程專業(yè)英語1.OpticalfiberTEXT

5.342Terminologyaperturen.孔徑attenuationn.衰減dielectricwaveguide介質(zhì)波導(dǎo)carbondioxidelaser二氧化碳激光器cleavevt.劈開cylindricaladj.

圓柱狀的electricarc

n.電弧geometricoptics

幾何光學(xué)gradedindexfiber梯度型光纖，漸變型光纖，梯度折射率光纖heterojunctionn.異質(zhì)結(jié)highnumericalaperture大數(shù)值孔徑光纖電子信息與通信工程專業(yè)英語Terminologyaperture43immuneadj.有免疫力的indicesn.index的復(fù)數(shù)intersymbolinterference碼間干擾micronn.

微米monochromaticityn.

單色性meridionalrayn.子午射線nanosecondn.

納秒neodymiumlaser

釹激光器omnidirectionaladj.

全方位的pickup獲得parabolicadj.拋物線電子信息與通信工程專業(yè)英語immune44silican.二氧化硅splicevt.

拼接stepindexfiber階躍光纖，階躍折射率光纖

sulphiden.

硫化物transverseadj.橫向的wavelengthdivisionmultiplexing分復(fù)用電子信息與通信工程專業(yè)英語silica45Theopticalcommunicationsystemsaredifferentfrommicrowavecommunicationsystemsinmanyaspects:Thecarrierfrequencyisabout100THzandthebitrateisabout1Tbit/s.電子信息與通信工程專業(yè)英語Theopticalcommunicationsyst46Spreadingofopticalbeamsisalwaysintheforwarddirectionduetotheshortwavelengths.Suitableforfreespacecommunicationsabovetheearth’satmospherelikeintersatellitecommunications電子信息與通信工程專業(yè)英語Spreadingofopticalbeamsis471.OpticalfiberAnopticalfiberisaglassorplasticfiberthatcarrieslightalongitslength.Fiberopticsistheoverlapofappliedscienceandengineeringconcernedwiththedesignandapplicationofopticalfibers.

Fiberswhichsupportmanypropagationpathsortransversemodesarecalledmulti-modefibers(MMF).電子信息與通信工程專業(yè)英語1.OpticalfiberAnopticalfib48Fiberswhichcanonlysupportasinglemodearecalledsingle-modefibers(SMF).Advantageslowattenuationtransmitsignalsoverawidebandwidth.電子信息與通信工程專業(yè)英語Fiberswhichcanonlysupport49ConstructionAnopticalfiberisacylindricaldielectric

waveguidethattransmitslightalongitsaxis,bytheprocessoftotalinternalreflection.Thefiberconsistsofacoresurroundedbyacladdinglayer

電子信息與通信工程專業(yè)英語Construction電子信息與通信工程專業(yè)英語50Fig.5-8Opticalfiberelectromagneticanalysis

電子信息與通信工程專業(yè)英語Fig.5-8Opticalfiberelectro512.Opticalcommunicationsystems電子信息與通信工程專業(yè)英語2.Opticalcommunicationsyste52AlightsourceismadeofsemiconductorAtransferfunctionisrequiredtodefinethepowerlossassociatedwiththecouplingofthesignalpowerfromthelightsourcetothefibertransmissionline.電子信息與通信工程專業(yè)英語電子信息與通信工程專業(yè)英語53

Fiber

Thelossinvolvedineitherjoiningthefiberbyapermanentspliceortheuseofademountableconnectorisatransferparametertobeincluded.Fiber-detectorjunction

Photodetector

Designalgorithm

電子信息與通信工程專業(yè)英語電子信息與通信工程專業(yè)英語543.AdvantagesofopticalfibercommunicationWiderbandwidth

LowtransmissionlossDielectricwaveguideSignalsecuritySmallsizeandweight

電子信息與通信工程專業(yè)英語3.Advantagesofopticalfiber55EXERCISES

1.PleasetranslatethefollowingwordsandphrasesintoChinese.2.PleasetranslatethefollowingwordsandphrasesintoEnglish.4.Answerthefollowingquestionsaccordingtothetext.電子信息與通信工程專業(yè)英語EXERCISES

1.Pleasetranslatet56TEXT

5.4BasicNetworkingConcepts

forComputerNetwork1.Introduction

2.Networktopology3.Internetaddress4.Ports5.Datatransmission6.Protocols電子信息與通信工程專業(yè)英語TEXT

5.4BasicNet57TerminologyATMabbr.AsynchronousTransferMode異步傳輸模式centralizevt.把…集中起來client/servernetwork主從網(wǎng)，客服網(wǎng)converselyadv.相反地criterian..標(biāo)準(zhǔn)DNSabbr.DomainNameSystem域名系統(tǒng)Encryptvt.

加密,將...譯成密碼

entityn.實(shí)體FDDIabbr.FiberDistributedDataInterface光纖分布式數(shù)據(jù)接口ISDNabbr.IntegratedServicesDigitalNetwork綜合服務(wù)數(shù)字網(wǎng)leasedline租用線，專用線電子信息與通信工程專業(yè)英語TerminologyATM58memonicadj.記憶的，記憶術(shù)的peer-to-peernetwork對(duì)等網(wǎng)RFCabbr.RequestForComments請(qǐng)求講解，Internet標(biāo)準(zhǔn)（草案）semanticadj.語義的systematicadj.系統(tǒng)的，體系的subnetn..子網(wǎng)絡(luò)syntaxn.語法，有秩序的排列tieredapplication分層應(yīng)用

userauthentication用戶認(rèn)證電子信息與通信工程專業(yè)英語memonicadj591.

Introduction

Anetworkthatconnectscomputerslocatedwithinarelativelylimitedarea,suchasanoffice,abuildingoracampus,isknownasaLocalAreaNetwork(LAN).Anetworkthatspansawidegeographicalarea,usuallyacrosscities,countriesorevencontinents,isknownasWideAreaNetwork(WAN).電子信息與通信工程專業(yè)英語1.IntroductionAnetworktha60Theirmajordifferenceliesinhowdataandinformationisstored.SeeTable5-7.電子信息與通信工程專業(yè)英語Theirmajordifferenceliesin61ALANconsistsofnetworkedcomputers,sometimescalledworkstationsandotherconnectingdevices.AWANconsistsoftwoormoreLANsconnectedviaacommunicationchannelthatcombinestelephonelines,leasedlines,microwave,orsatellites.Itcancovercities,countries,andcontinents.電子信息與通信工程專業(yè)英語ALANconsistsofnetworkedco62Fig.5-12showsfourcommonconnectingdevicesHubsRepeatersBridgesRouters電子信息與通信工程專業(yè)英語Fig.5-12showsfourcommonco63Fig.5-12Hardwarecomponentsofnetworking電子信息與通信工程專業(yè)英語Fig.5-12Hardwarecomponents642.Networktopology

Thecommonnetworktopologiesare

Bus電子信息與通信工程專業(yè)英語2.NetworktopologyThecom65

StarRing電子信息與通信工程專業(yè)英語Star電子信息與通信工程專業(yè)英語66Usually,morethan

onetopologyisusedinanetwork.Forexample,inaschoolnetworksystem,abus-startopologyisusuallyusedwithahighbandwidthbusasthebackbone.Thatbackboneconnectsanumberofstarnetworks.Thestarnetworkisformedinacomputerroom.EachworkstationisconnectedtothehubusingUTPcableandthebackboneisoftenanopticalfiber.電子信息與通信工程專業(yè)英語Usually,morethanonetopolog67ExamplesofLANtechnologyEthernetFibberDistributedDataInterconnect(FDDI).電子信息與通信工程專業(yè)英語ExamplesofLANtechnologyEthe68EthernetLANAnEthernetLANisbasedonabustopologyandbroadcastcommunicationTokenring.Ethernetisafamilyofframe-basedcomputernetworkingtechnologiesforLANs.astandardforconnectingcomputersintoaLANthenamecommonlyusedforIEEE802.3CSMA/CD電子信息與通信工程專業(yè)英語EthernetLANAnEthernetLANis69FDDIFDDIspecifiesa100-Mbpstoken-passing,dual-ringLANusingfiber-opticcable.

CopperDistributedDataInterface(CDDI),hasemergedtoprovide100-Mbpsserviceovercopper.

電子信息與通信工程專業(yè)英語FDDIFDDIspecifiesa100-Mbps703.Internetaddress

IPaddressesarenumericquantitiesthatareeasyforcomputerstoworkwith,butnotforhumanstoremember.Forexample:204.160.241.98.

DomainNameSystem(DNS)serversareresponsiblefortranslatingmnemonictextualInternetaddressesintohardnumericInternetaddresses.電子信息與通信工程專業(yè)英語3.InternetaddressIPaddress71EachorganizationthatmaintainsacomputernetworkwillhaveatleastoneserverhandlingDNSqueries.Thatserver,calledanameserver,willholdalistofalltheIPaddresseswithinitsnetwork,plusacacheofIPaddressesforrecentlyaccessedcomputersoutsidethenetwork.Eachcomputeroneachnetworkneedstoknowthelocationofonlyonenameserver.電子信息與通信工程專業(yè)英語Eachorganizationthatmaintai72WhenyourcomputerrequestsanIPaddress,oneofthreethingshappens,dependingonwhetherornottherequestedIPaddressiswithinyourlocalnetwork.IftherequestedIPaddressisregisteredlocally,thatis,it'swithinyourorganization'snetwork;you'llreceivearesponsedirectlyfromoneofthelocalnameserverslistedinyourworkstationconfiguration.Inthiscase,thereusuallyislittleornowaitforaresponse.電子信息與通信工程專業(yè)英語Whenyourcomputerrequestsan734.Ports

AnIPportwillidentifyaspecificapplicationrunningonanInternethostmachine.Aportisidentifiedbyanumber,theportnumber.Thenumberofportsisnotfunctionallylimited,in