【課件】Welcome+Unit：Discovering+Useful+Structures人教版（2019）必修第一冊(cè)

DiscoveringUsefulStructures1.Reviewthemainelementsinasentence.2.LearntoknowthebasicsentencestructuresofEnglish.3.Learntoanalyzethestructureofthesentencesfromthetext.Learningobjectives1.What

makesasentence?Leading-inWords,phrasesandstructures.2.What

arethemainelementsinasentence?Analyzing:kindsofsimplesentence1.S+V主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞（謂語(yǔ)）

這種句子結(jié)構(gòu)中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為不及物動(dòng)詞（短語(yǔ)），故后不能直接接賓語(yǔ)，也沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。主謂結(jié)構(gòu)常用來(lái)表示主語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。常見(jiàn)的不及物動(dòng)詞（短語(yǔ)）有：rise,matter,begin,come,go,happen,last,appear,work,cometrue,takeplace等。Thesunisrising.太陽(yáng)正在升起。Thelittleboyiscrying.小男孩正在哭泣。Allthefootballplayersontheplaygroundcheeredloudly.場(chǎng)上的所有足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員高聲歡呼。2.S+P主語(yǔ)十（系動(dòng)詞+）表語(yǔ)

這種句子結(jié)構(gòu)中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為系動(dòng)詞，無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，也無(wú)進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。常見(jiàn)的系動(dòng)詞有be動(dòng)詞；還有感官系動(dòng)詞(sound,look,smell,taste,feel);變化系動(dòng)詞(become,get,grow,turn,go,fall,run);持續(xù)系動(dòng)詞(remain,keep,hold,stay);表象系動(dòng)詞(seem,appear,look)等。表語(yǔ)由名詞、形容詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、分詞、不定式或從句充當(dāng)。Everythinglooksdifferent.一切看來(lái)都不同了。Computersareusefulinpeople'slife.電腦在人們的生活中很有用Theproblemremainstobesettled.問(wèn)題依然需要解決。3.S+V+O主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)

(1)這種句子結(jié)構(gòu)中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須是及物動(dòng)詞（短語(yǔ)），一般有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。用作賓語(yǔ)的有名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、不定式、動(dòng)名詞或從句等。(2)在“動(dòng)詞+介詞”的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)中，賓語(yǔ)只能放在介詞之后；在“動(dòng)詞+副詞”的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)中，作賓語(yǔ)的名詞放于副詞前后皆可，作賓語(yǔ)的代詞只能放在副詞之前。PleasewakeLiLingup(=wakeupLiLing)at6:30inthemorning.Pleasewakeherupat6:30inthemorning.()Pleasewakeupherat6:30inthemorning.(X)HeiswatchingTV.4.S+V+IO+DO主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞（謂語(yǔ)）+間接賓語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ)

這種句子結(jié)構(gòu)中的及物動(dòng)詞后跟雙賓語(yǔ)，指人的賓語(yǔ)稱(chēng)為間接賓語(yǔ)，指物的賓語(yǔ)稱(chēng)為直接賓語(yǔ)。通常間接賓語(yǔ)在前，直接賓語(yǔ)在后，也可把間接賓語(yǔ)置于直接賓語(yǔ)后，但間接賓語(yǔ)前需用介詞for或to。間接賓語(yǔ)之前用介詞to的常見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞有：give,tell,teach,write,bring,lend,hand,show,offer,send,pay,order等。間接賓語(yǔ)之前用介詞for的常見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞有：buy,fetch,save,choose,sing等。Heboughtmeabirthdaypresent.他給我買(mǎi)了一份生日禮物。Ishowedhimmypictures.我給他看我的照片。5.S+V+O+C主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞（謂語(yǔ)）+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)

該結(jié)構(gòu)中的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)可以由名詞、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞或介詞短語(yǔ)等充當(dāng)。該句式常用于三類(lèi)動(dòng)詞：(l)使役動(dòng)詞：keep,make,let,have,leave,get等；(2)感官動(dòng)詞或短語(yǔ)：see,watch,notice,observe,find,catch,lookat,listento,hear,feel,smell等；(3)ask,tell,order,request,permit,persuade等。Miketoldmenottogonow.邁克告訴我不要現(xiàn)在走。Theypaintedthedoorgreen.他們把門(mén)漆成綠色。6.S+V+A主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞（謂語(yǔ)）+狀語(yǔ)

該句型的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常為不及物動(dòng)詞；副詞或介詞短語(yǔ)在句中作狀語(yǔ)，修飾或說(shuō)明謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。Theytalkedforhalfanhour.他們談了半個(gè)小時(shí)Thetimepassedquickly.時(shí)光飛逝。7.S+V+O+A主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞（謂語(yǔ)）+賓語(yǔ)+狀語(yǔ)

該句型的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常為及物動(dòng)詞、副詞或介詞短語(yǔ)，在句中作狀語(yǔ)，修飾或說(shuō)明謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。Ihadmyfirstmathsclassinseniorhigh.在高中我上了第一堂數(shù)學(xué)課。Iwaitedforhimattheschoolgate.我在校門(mén)口等他。Therebe句型表示“某處存在某物或某人”，基本結(jié)構(gòu)是“Thereis/.are/was/were...+地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)”。主語(yǔ)是其后的名詞，be動(dòng)詞形式根據(jù)主語(yǔ)的單復(fù)數(shù)而定。謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有時(shí)候可用表示存在的其他動(dòng)詞，如live,stand,lie,seem/appeartobe(好像有)，happentobe(碰巧有)，usedtobe(曾經(jīng)有)等。Thereisapianoinmystudy.在我的書(shū)房里有一架鋼琴。Thereare56studentsinmyclass.我的班里有56名學(xué)生。8.存現(xiàn)句(Therebe句型)1.Tell

the

kindsofthesentences

1)Everybodysmiled.2)Thecarcaughtfire.3)Didthemilkturnsour?4)Heboughthiswifeadress.5)Royfoundhisnewjobratherboring.6)Yourbrothergotupat10o’clock.7)Ihaven’tseenDanielforlong.8)Arethereanygardensinthetown?SVSVOSPSVIODOSVOCSVASVOATherebePracticing2.Readthesentencesandanalyzethestructures.1.The100-year-oldschool

lies

inthecenterofthecity.2.We

mustact.3.Themathshomework

lookseasy.4.Theteacher

found

theclassroom

empty.ASVSVSPOSVC5.Mymum

bought

me

anewdictionary.6.Tom

islookingforwardto

meetingthenewexchangestudent.7.ThereisanEnglishCorneratourschool.8.We

had

chemistry

inthenewlybuiltlab.IOSVDOOSVOSVATherebe…Basicsentencestructures

一、主謂

SV

二、主（系）表

SP

三、主謂賓

SVO

四、主謂賓賓

SVOO

五、主謂賓補(bǔ)

SVOC

六、主謂狀

SVA

七、主謂賓狀

SVOA八、therebe結(jié)構(gòu)Summarizing1.Readthepassageandanalysethestructuresoftheunderlinedsentences.Consolidating1…thatdream

hascometrue!

SV2Timandhisclassmates

areliving

onaship!

SVA3They

alsolearnabout

shipsandthesea.

SVO4Tim

writes

hisparents

anemail…tells

them

whathappenedontheship.SVIODOVIODO5There’salwayssomethingexcitingtodo.Therebe…6Studyinganddoinghomework

seemmuchmorefun…SP2.Readthesentencesfromthereadingandanalyzethestructures.He

eventold

us

afunnystory,andeveryone

laughed

somuch.SVIODOSPAI

found

mostofmyclassmatesandteachers

friendlyandhelpful.SVOCI

couldn’tconcentrateon

theexperiment.SVOI

didn’tfeelawkwardorfrightened