一帶一路2022年度報(bào)告-2023.05月

年度報(bào)告THE

ANNUALREPORT

2022動蕩與重

構(gòu)TURMOIL

AND

REALIGNMENT“一帶一路”倡議下的全球城市GLOBALCITIES

IN

THE

VISION

OF

THE

BELT

AND

ROAD

INITIATIVEPREFACE前言In

2022,

COVID-19

continues

to

rage.

Meanwhile,

the

Russia-Ukraine2022

年，新冠肺炎疫情

持續(xù)肆虐，俄烏沖突波conflict

has

led

to

consequences

worldwide,

with

intensifying

energy及全球，能源危機(jī)愈演愈烈，全球化危機(jī)一波未crisis

and

globalization

crisis

coming

in

waves.

The

external

shocks平，一波又起。多重

沖擊下，全球交通聯(lián)系動蕩，

have

resulted

in

disruptions

of

global

transportation

connectivity

andfragmentation

in

supply

chains.

Governments

around

the

world

are產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈供應(yīng)鏈破碎化，各國政府紛紛加大本土投increasing

their

domestic

investments

to

safeguard

development

security資保障發(fā)展安全與韌性，全球城市陷入動蕩之中，and

resilience.

Faced

with

uncertain

challenges

and

opportunities,

global面臨著不確定的挑戰(zhàn)與機(jī)遇。citiesare

goingthrough

turmoil.在全球治理陣營對立風(fēng)險(xiǎn)日益增長、貿(mào)易壁壘不Against

the

backdrop

of

growing

risks

from

the

confrontation

of

opposingcamps

in

global

governance

and

the

rising

trade

barriers,

the

concept

of斷推高的背景下，“一帶一路”倡議倡導(dǎo)的包容inclusive

globalization

advocated

by

the

Belt

and

Road

Initiative

isa

warm性全球化理念是全球化“寒潮”中的一股暖流，current

amid

the

cold

wave

of

globalization,

injecting

new

momentum

into為全球化注入新的動力。包容性全球化堅(jiān)持更公globalization

process.

Inclusive

globalization

advocates

more

equitable平的發(fā)展理念，推動新興經(jīng)濟(jì)體城市通過多樣路development,

with

the

aim

to

facilitate

emerging

countries

to

embed徑嵌入全球城市網(wǎng)絡(luò)，催生多元共生的“全球城市雨林”。themselves

into

the

network

of

global

cities

through

various

paths

andcreate

a

diverse

andsymbioticrainforest

of

globalcities.This

year,

we

have

continued

to

optimize

and

improve

the

index

system今年，我們持續(xù)優(yōu)化完善全球活力城市、“一帶and

algorithm

of

global

dynamic

cities

and

Belt

and

Road

potential一路”潛力城市指標(biāo)體系及算法，與時(shí)俱進(jìn)結(jié)合cities,

with

new

observation

on

the

features

of

global

cities

recovery產(chǎn)業(yè)方向變革、科技競爭加劇趨勢，對全球城市and

consideration

of

the

trend

of

industrial

evolution

and

intensifiedtechnological

competition.

We

have

improved

the

data

sources

and復(fù)蘇的特征作出新觀察。我們完善了數(shù)據(jù)來源和technical

analysis

methods

to

digitize

and

delve

into

the

features

and技術(shù)分析方法，以數(shù)字化方式直觀呈現(xiàn)、深入探trends

of

global

innovation

network,

production

and

service

network,

and討全球創(chuàng)新、生產(chǎn)與服務(wù)、聯(lián)通設(shè)施網(wǎng)絡(luò)特征與connectivity

facility

network.趨勢。Under

the

influence

of

profound

changes

unseen

in

a

centuryintertwined

with

the

once-in-a-century

pandemic,

the

recoveryof

global

cities

remains

uneven,

with

growth

in

the

Americas,recession

in

Europe

and

stagnation

in

East

Asia,

leading

tosignificant

adjustments

to

the

landscape

of

global

cities.

With

the百年變局和世紀(jì)疫情

相互交織影響下，今年全球城市復(fù)蘇態(tài)勢冷暖有別，美洲提升、歐洲下降、東亞持平，全球城市格局正在發(fā)生重

大調(diào)整。隨著全球產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈供應(yīng)鏈多元化、近岸化重

構(gòu)，新一diversification

and

nearshoring

of

global

supply

chains,

a

new

wave輪科技革命和產(chǎn)業(yè)變革加速演進(jìn)，全球城市秩序of

technological

revolution

and

industrial

evolution

is

picking

upspeed,thusgivingshapetothereshufflingofglobalcitiesorder.重構(gòu)的趨勢初露端倪。CONTENTS目錄1全球城市的動蕩與重構(gòu)TURMOIL

AND

REALIGNMENT

OF

GLOBAL

CITIESpage

04page

05234全球活力城市GLOBAL

DYNAMIC

CITIES“一帶一路”潛力城市BELT

AND

ROAD

POTENTIAL

CITIESpage

19page

24城市觀察OBSERVATION

ON

GLOBAL

CITIES附錄1：2022年全球活力城市指數(shù)排名APPENDIX

1:

2022

RANKING

OF

GLOBAL

DYNAMIC

CITIES

INDEXpage

32page

34page

36附錄2：2022年“一帶一路”潛力城市指數(shù)排名APPENDIX

2:

2022

RANKING

OF

INDEX

FOR

BELT

AND

ROAD

POTENTIAL

CITIES附錄3：城市列表APPENDIX

3:

LIST

OF

CITIES0405動蕩與重

構(gòu)：2022

年“一帶一路”倡議下的全球城市報(bào)告TURMOILANDREALIGNMENT:THEANNUALREPORT2022ONGLOBALCITIESINTHEVISIONOFTHEBELT

ANDROADINITIATIVE全球城市的動蕩與重

構(gòu)TURMOIL

AND

REALIGNMENT

OF

GLOBAL

CITIESin

key

areas

such

as

semiconductors,

new

energy

batteries,

key

minerals化、“友岸化”布局，降低半導(dǎo)體、新能源電池、全球化危機(jī)一波未平，一波又起CRISIS

OF

GLOBALIZATION

COMING

IN

WAVESand

medical

supplies

ona

single

foreign

supplier.

Asa

result,

the

industrial關(guān)鍵礦物和醫(yī)藥用品等關(guān)鍵領(lǐng)域?qū)ν鈬鴨我还?yīng)landscapeof

global

cities

is

undergoingprofoundchanges.商的依賴，全球城市產(chǎn)業(yè)格局正在發(fā)生深刻變革。COVID-19

mutations

and

variants

continue

to

wreak

havoc.

According新冠肺炎病毒變異不斷、持續(xù)肆虐。聯(lián)合國數(shù)據(jù)顯示超過

90%

的確診病例來自城市地區(qū)，人口Technology

race

and

innovation

competition

are

growing.

In

the

contextof

the

fourth

industrial

revolution,

the

pace

of

digitalization

and

greento

the

UN,

urban

areas

with

high

population

density

are

epicenters

ofthe

COVID-19

pandemic,

accounting

for

more

than

90%

of

reported技術(shù)和創(chuàng)新競爭日趨劇烈。在第四次工業(yè)革命浪transformation

of

industries

has

accelerated,

and

innovation

has潮背集中的城市是新冠肺炎疫情

的震中。猴痘病毒洶cases.

With

the

onslaught

of

monkeypox,

the

WHO

issued

the

highestlevel

of

alert

for

Public

Health

Emergency

of

International

Concern.Public

health

and

safety

in

global

cities

are

under

constant

threat

andchallenge.景下，產(chǎn)業(yè)數(shù)字化綠色化轉(zhuǎn)型步伐加快，創(chuàng)become

a

key

variable

in

reshaping

the

global

and

regional

competitivelandscape.

Governments

have

readjusted

their

priority

areas

of

scienceand

technology,

and

increased

investment

in

homegrown

cutting-edgetechnology

research

and

scientific

innovation.

The

innovation

landscapeofglobal

citiesisentering

a

periodof

rapid

readjustments.洶來襲，世界衛(wèi)生組織再度發(fā)布“全球最高級別新成為重

塑全球和區(qū)域競爭格局的關(guān)鍵變量。各公共衛(wèi)生警報(bào)”，全球城市公共衛(wèi)生安全面臨不國政府紛紛重

新調(diào)整科技重

點(diǎn)領(lǐng)域布局，加大本斷的威脅與挑戰(zhàn)。土尖端技術(shù)研究和科技創(chuàng)新投資，全球城市創(chuàng)新格局正在進(jìn)入快速調(diào)整變化的時(shí)期。The

impact

of

Russia-Ukraine

conflict

on

the

global

supply

chains

of俄烏沖突對全球能源energy,

food

and

minerals

continues

to

emerge.

The

IMF

projected斷顯現(xiàn)，國際貨幣基、糧食、礦產(chǎn)供應(yīng)鏈的沖擊不金組織（IMF）預(yù)測

2022

年全slower

global

economic

recovery

in

2022.

Inflation

in

the

US

and

someEuropean

economies

has

hit

the

highest

level

in

40

years.

Geopolitical球經(jīng)濟(jì)增速顯著放緩，美國和歐洲部分經(jīng)濟(jì)體的tensions,

frequent

extreme

weather

events,

global

economic

risks

and通脹已達(dá)

40

年來的最高水平。地緣政治緊張、極other

complex

challenges

are

intertwined,

further

exacerbating

the端天氣頻發(fā)、全球經(jīng)濟(jì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)等紛繁復(fù)雜的挑戰(zhàn)相全球活力城市uncertainty

inthe

recovery

ofglobal

cities.GLOBAL

DYNAMIC

CITIES互交織，進(jìn)一步加劇了全球城市復(fù)蘇的不確定性。總體格局：全球城市復(fù)蘇冷暖有別GENERAL

LANDSCAPE:

UNEVEN

RECOVERY

OF

GLOBAL

CITIES全球城市動蕩變革與秩序重

構(gòu)TRANSFORMATION

AMID

TURMOIL

AND

REALIGNMENT

OF

ORDERThis

year,

Tokyo,

Shanghai

and

Beijing

continue

to

maintain

their

top

3今年，東京、上海、北京繼續(xù)穩(wěn)居全球前三位，Global

transportation

connectivity

is

disrupted.

During

the

pandemic,positions

globally,

but

the

recovery

of

global

cities

remains

uneven.

Thecities

in

the

Americas

rise

in

the

rankings,

whereas

European

cities

fallandEast

Asiancitiesholdtheline.全球交通聯(lián)系動蕩。新冠肺炎疫情

下各國管制措施松緊有別，全球航空客運(yùn)尚未完全恢復(fù)。地緣但在全球范圍

內(nèi)，各區(qū)域城市的復(fù)蘇勢頭強(qiáng)弱不different

countries

have

introduced

varying

restrictions

and

the

globalair

passenger

traffic

has

not

yet

fully

recovered.

Escalating

geopolitical均，排名總體呈現(xiàn)美洲提升、歐洲下降、東亞持沖突不斷升級導(dǎo)致國際陸路交通受阻、關(guān)鍵海上conflicts

have

led

to

disruptions

in

international

land

transportationas

well

as

important

sea

lanes.

Besides,

major

international

events,such

as

the

Nord

Stream

gas

pipeline

damage

and

submarine

cablefailures,

have

also

disturbed

the

networks

of

global

urban

logistics

andinformation

flow.平的差異化特征。通道中斷，全球貨運(yùn)動蕩起伏進(jìn)一步加劇。此外，F(xiàn)or

the

Americas,

Chicago

and

Atlanta

witness

improved

rankings

dueto

further

strengthened

innovation

and

rapid

recovery

of

internationalpassenger

flights,

with

Atlanta

entering

the

global

top

20

for

the

first恢復(fù)，芝加哥、亞特“北溪”天然氣管道受損、海底光纜故障等重國際事件，也接連對全球城市物流、信息流網(wǎng)絡(luò)帶來擾動。大在美洲板塊，由于創(chuàng)新能力進(jìn)一步增強(qiáng)、國際客運(yùn)航班快速蘭大等城市排名time

with

its

busy

global

flight

routes.

Capital

cities

in

South

America提升，其中亞特蘭大憑借繁忙的全球航班聯(lián)系首includingBogota

and

Santiago

are

actively

seeking

to

embedthemselvesGlobal

supply

chains

are

being

reshaped.

The

frequent

outbreak

of

blackswan

events

has

accelerated

the

realignment

pace

of

global

supply

chain.次進(jìn)入全球前20

位。波哥大、圣地亞哥等南美into

the

global

production

and

service

network

and

thus

are

gainingmomentum

in

development.

In

Europe,

transport

hubs

such

as

London,Paris

and

Rotterdam

have

been

hit

harder

by

a

series

of

internationalevents.

In

East

Asia,

Tokyo,

Shanghai

and

Beijing

continue

to

rank

high,全球產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈供應(yīng)鏈重

塑。頻頻爆發(fā)的“黑天鵝”首都城市積極嵌入全球生產(chǎn)與服務(wù)網(wǎng)絡(luò)，發(fā)展活Major

countries

and

regions

are

seeking

to

diversify,

nearshore

and

friend-事件加速了全球供應(yīng)鏈重

塑的步伐，主要國家地力提升。在歐洲板塊，受一系列國際事件的影響，shore

their

supply

chains

for

security

reasons

to

reduce

the

dependence區(qū)出于安全考慮推動產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈供應(yīng)鏈多元化、近岸倫敦、巴黎、鹿特丹等交通樞紐型城市受到較大0607動蕩與重

構(gòu)：2022

年“一帶一路”倡議下的全球城市報(bào)告TURMOILANDREALIGNMENT:THEANNUALREPORT2022ONGLOBALCITIESINTHEVISIONOFTHEBELT

ANDROADINITIATIVEwith

stable

overall

performance.

Shenzhen

makes

steady

progress

bybuildingupon

itsadvantages

in

innovation

andadvanced

manufacturing.持續(xù)位居前列，整體表現(xiàn)較為穩(wěn)定，深圳憑借沖擊。在東亞板塊，東京、上海、北京等城市創(chuàng)新及先進(jìn)制造優(yōu)勢穩(wěn)中有進(jìn)。We

find

that

the

leading

global

dynamic

cities

are

characterized

byregional

clustering.

That

is,

one

or

several

core

cities

are

driving

thegrowth

of

the

entire

region

to

generate

a

cluster

of

global

dynamiccities,

which

plays

a

leading

role

in

the

development

of

global

cities.

East我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，全球領(lǐng)先的活力城市呈現(xiàn)區(qū)域性集征，由一個(gè)或多個(gè)極點(diǎn)城市聯(lián)動區(qū)域形聚的特Asia

is

leading

the

world

in

the

development

of

global

dynamic

cityclusters

,withthreemajorcityclustersinChinaandJapan

entering1成全球活力城市聚落

，它們在全球城市發(fā)展中1扮演著引領(lǐng)性角色。東亞地區(qū)引領(lǐng)世界級活力the

global

top

5.

The

city

clusters

with

several

core

cities,

such

asGuangdong-Hong

Kong-Macao

Greater

Bay

Area,

Northern

European城市聚落，中國、日本3

大城市聚落進(jìn)入全球city

cluster

and

Dallas-Houston

cluster,

will

become

the

new

paradigm前5。多極組合型城市聚落如粵港澳大灣區(qū)、歐排名小幅提升排名提升of

future

city

clusters

to

coordinate

development

and

unleash

potential.Cross-border

city

clusters

such

as

Vancouver-Seattle

cluster,

Northern排名不變洲北部城市群、達(dá)拉斯-

休斯敦等，將成為未來排名小幅下降排名下降城市群協(xié)同發(fā)展與潛力釋放的新形態(tài)?？缇承统鞘芯勐淙鐪馗缛A

-

西雅圖、歐洲北部城市群、港澳大灣區(qū)等，將成為未來跨制度、跨文化協(xié)作的重

載體。European

city

cluster

and

Guangdong-Hong

Kong-Macao

GreaterBay

Area,

will

become

the

major

platforms

for

collaboration

across,institutions

andcultures.圖2-2全球活力城市排名變化情況Figure2-2CHANGEINTHERANKINGSOFGLOBALDYNAMICCITIES粵要GLOBAL

INNOVATION

NETWORK:

POLARITY

AND

UBIQUITY東京

Tokyo上海

Shanghai北京

Beijing新加坡

Singapore倫敦

London紐約

New

York深圳

Shenzhen首爾

Seoul城市聚落

TOP5全球城市聚落多極組合型城市聚落創(chuàng)新網(wǎng)絡(luò)舊金山

San

Francisco香港

Hong

Kong洛杉磯Los

Angeles聯(lián)通設(shè)施網(wǎng)絡(luò)生產(chǎn)服務(wù)網(wǎng)絡(luò)芝加哥

Chicago廣州

Guangzhou迪拜

Dubai圖2-3全球活力城市聚落分布Figure2-3DISTRIBUTIONOFGLOBALDYNAMICCITYCLUSTERS巴黎

Paris阿姆斯特亞特蘭大

Atlanta哥本哈根

Copenhagen華盛頓Washington波士頓Boston丹

Amsterdam2全球創(chuàng)新網(wǎng)絡(luò)：創(chuàng)新極化與泛在并存OF

INNOVATION2The

landscape

of

global

innovation

cities

is

highly

polarized.

A

very

fewcities

such

as

Tokyo,

San

Francisco,

Beijing,

London,

San

Diego,

andCambridge

dominate

the

global

innovation

network

as

the

pinnacles全球創(chuàng)新城市格局高度極化，東京、舊金山、北京、倫敦、圣迭戈、劍橋等極少數(shù)城市在全球創(chuàng)00.511.52全球創(chuàng)新網(wǎng)絡(luò)Global

Innovation

Network全球生產(chǎn)與服務(wù)網(wǎng)絡(luò)Global

Production

and

Service

Network全球聯(lián)通設(shè)施網(wǎng)絡(luò)新網(wǎng)絡(luò)中占據(jù)主導(dǎo)地位，是全球創(chuàng)新“塔尖”。of

global

innovation.

In

addition,

cities

with

advantages

in

innovationGlobal

Facility

Connectivity

Network圖2-1全球活力城市指數(shù)排名及得分（前20位）are

concentrated

in

Tokyo

Bay

of

Japan,

San

Francisco

Bay

Area,此外，創(chuàng)新優(yōu)勢城市在日本東京灣、舊金山灣區(qū)、Figure2-1RANKANDSCOREOFGLOBALDYNAMICCITIESINDEX(TOP20)1基于全球活力城市地理分布與全球活力城市指數(shù)，融合DBscan算法與3I模型，識別全球活力城市的聚落體系。Based

on

the

geographical

distribution

of

global2智慧芽創(chuàng)新研究中心作為全球“技術(shù)前沿”網(wǎng)絡(luò)部分研究支持方。TechnologyFrontierNetwork.PatsnapInnovationResearchCenterisaresearchpartner,providingsupportforthesectiononGlobaldynamiccitiesandGlobalDynamicCitiesIndex,DBSCANalgorithmand3Imodelareintegratedtoidentifytheclustersystemofglobaldynamiccities.0809動蕩與重

構(gòu)：2022

年“一帶一路”倡議下的全球城市報(bào)告TURMOILANDREALIGNMENT:THEANNUALREPORT2022ONGLOBALCITIESINTHEVISIONOFTHEBELT

ANDROADINITIATIVEmarkets

and

developing

countries,

such

as

New

Delhi

and

Kuala經(jīng)濟(jì)體城市也憑借產(chǎn)業(yè)化和市場化優(yōu)勢，成為全Lumpur,

have

become

new

players

in

the

global

innovation

network球創(chuàng)新網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的新力量，推動全球創(chuàng)新資源要素thanks

to

their

advantages

in

industries

and

markets.

They

arespreading

global

innovation

resources

and

factors

across

a

broaderrange

of

places.

As

aresult,

the

landscape

of

global

innovation

featuresbothpolarityandubiquity.向更廣闊

的區(qū)域擴(kuò)散，呈現(xiàn)創(chuàng)新極化與泛在并存的圖景?！凹夹g(shù)脫鉤”背景下，倫敦、劍橋等歐美基礎(chǔ)科In

the

context

of

technological

decoupling,

the

rankings

of

research-研型城市排名顯著上升，而杭州、臺北等由于基driven

cities

in

Europe

and

the

United

States,

including

London

and礎(chǔ)研發(fā)能力相對不足，今年排名有所下降，處于Cambridge,

have

risen

significantly,

while

Hangzhou

and

Taipei,

which科技博弈動蕩的前沿。bear

the

brunt

of

the

technology

rivalry,

fall

this

year

due

to

relativelyweak

R&Dcapabilities.全球創(chuàng)新前沿網(wǎng)絡(luò)特別觀察New

Observation

on

Global

Innovation

FrontierNetwork當(dāng)前，全球進(jìn)入到以人工智能和物聯(lián)網(wǎng)等為標(biāo)志At

present,

the

world

is

ushering

in

the

sixth

wave

of

innovation

markedby

artificial

intelligence

and

the

Internet

of

Things.

The

competition科學(xué)前技術(shù)前產(chǎn)業(yè)前沿沿的第六波創(chuàng)新浪潮，各國圍

繞科學(xué)技術(shù)的競爭空沿前激烈，前沿科技領(lǐng)域在改變國家力量對比方面among

countries

around

science

and

technology

is

more

intense

than圖2-4全球創(chuàng)新城市網(wǎng)絡(luò)格局Figure2-4LANDSCAPEOFGLOBALINNOVATION

NETWORKever.

The

frontier

science

and

technology

are

playing

an

increasinglyprominent

role

in

changing

the

dynamics

of

national

powers.

This

year,based

on

our

observation

on

the

trends

and

guiding

policies

home的決定性作用愈加凸顯。今年，我們結(jié)合國內(nèi)外趨勢與政策導(dǎo)向，識別了人工智能、腦科學(xué)、量子信息等九大科學(xué)前沿，新材料、新能源汽車等and

abroad,

we

have

identified

nine

science

frontiers

such

as

artificial3七大技術(shù)前intelligence,

brain

science

and

quantum

information,

seven

technology業(yè)為代表的產(chǎn)業(yè)前沿作為特沿

及以獨(dú)角獸、代表性科技創(chuàng)新企別觀察領(lǐng)域，探討全frontiers

such

as

new

materials

and

new

energy

vehicles

and

several3industry

frontiers

such

as

unicorns

and

representative

innovation球城市在科學(xué)前沿、技術(shù)前沿、產(chǎn)業(yè)前沿三個(gè)創(chuàng)enterprises.

We

pay

special

attention

to

the

performance

of

global

citiesinterms

ofinnovation

inscience,

technology

andindustry

frontiers.新環(huán)節(jié)的表現(xiàn)?？茖W(xué)創(chuàng)新前沿：歐美城市引領(lǐng)全球理論創(chuàng)新，亞洲城市快速崛起沿以高校、科研院所等力量為主體，通Scientific

Innovation

Frontier:

European

and

American

cities

are

leadingglobal

theoretical

innovation

and

Asian

cities

are

rapidly

on

the

rise科學(xué)前Universities

and

research

institutes

are

the

mainstay

of

the

sciencefrontier,

who

produce

original

and

disruptive

core

technologies

or

ideas過基礎(chǔ)研究產(chǎn)出原創(chuàng)性、顛覆性的核心技術(shù)或科學(xué)前沿價(jià)值聯(lián)系

城市through

basic

research.

The

core

players

in

this

area

include

Beijing,London

and

Cambridge.

Despite

the

rapid

rise

of

Asian

cities

such管以北京為代表的亞洲城市快速（線）

（點(diǎn)）理念。該環(huán)節(jié)以北京、倫敦、劍橋?yàn)楹诵?，盡科學(xué)前沿技術(shù)前沿產(chǎn)業(yè)前沿

技術(shù)前沿崛起，歐美城價(jià)值價(jià)值產(chǎn)業(yè)前沿as

Beijing,

European

and

American

cities

remain

dominant

in

global市仍然占據(jù)全球科學(xué)研究的主導(dǎo)地位?？茖W(xué)前research

activities.

As

for

the

science

frontier

network,

the

connections沿網(wǎng)絡(luò)方面圖2-5全球創(chuàng)新城市聚落分布Figure2-5DISTRIBUTIONOFGLOBALINNOVATION

CITYCLUSTERS，歐洲內(nèi)部、歐洲與美國東部城市within

Europe

and

between

Europe

and

eastern

US

cities

are

relativelyclose,

while

Chinese

cities

have

strong

internal

ties

but

insufficientinternational

cooperation.的聯(lián)系相對密切，中國城市內(nèi)部合作緊密但國northeastern

United

States,

Guangdong-Hong

Kong-Macao

Greater

Bay美國東北部、粵際合作相對不足。港澳大灣區(qū)、京津冀、歐洲北部Area,

Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei,

Northern

Europe

and

the

UK

to

form

globalinnovation

clusters,

servingastheimportant

venues

for

thedevelopment及英倫地區(qū)集聚形成全球創(chuàng)新聚落，成為推動全球創(chuàng)新發(fā)展的重

載體。要ofglobal

innovation.3

九大科學(xué)前沿領(lǐng)域分別為人工智能、腦科學(xué)、量子信息、半導(dǎo)體、醫(yī)學(xué)健康、生物技術(shù)、新材料、新能源、太空；七大技術(shù)前沿領(lǐng)域分別為人工智能、通信、半導(dǎo)體、新材料、生物醫(yī)藥、新能源汽車、新能源。

The

nine

science

frontiers

are

artiācial

intelligence,

brain

science,

quantum

information,

semiconductors,

healthcare,As

breakthroughs

are

achieved

in

various

areas

of

innovation

in

science隨著全球科技創(chuàng)新進(jìn)入多點(diǎn)突破、群體迸發(fā)的新biotechnology,newmaterials,newenergy,andspace.Theseventechnologyfrontiersareartiācialintelligence,communications,semiconductors,newmaterials,biomedicine,newenergyvehicles,andnewenergy.and

technology

by

multiple

players

worldwide,

cities

in

emerging階段，新德里、吉隆坡等部分新興市場和發(fā)展中1011動蕩與重

構(gòu)：2022

年“一帶一路”倡議下的全球城市報(bào)告TURMOILANDREALIGNMENT:THEANNUALREPORT2022ONGLOBALCITIESINTHEVISIONOFTHEBELT

ANDROADINITIATIVE科學(xué)前沿技術(shù)前沿圖2-6全球科學(xué)創(chuàng)新前沿網(wǎng)絡(luò)格局Figure2-6LANDSCAPEOFGLOBALSCIENTIFICINNOVATION

FRONTIERNETWORK圖2-7全球技術(shù)創(chuàng)新前沿城市網(wǎng)絡(luò)Figure2-7GLOBALTECHNOLOGICALINNOVATION

FRONTIERNETWORKTable

2-1TOP

20CITESINSCIENTIFIC

INNOVATION

FRONTIERTable

2-2TOP

20

CITESIN

TECHNOLOGICAL

INNOVATIONFRONTIER表

2-1

科學(xué)創(chuàng)新前表

2-2

技術(shù)創(chuàng)新前沿

TOP20

城市??沿

TOP20

城市??12345678910111213141516171819201234567891011121314151617181920排名排名城市北京倫劍巴首上海紐約牛津東京波士羅馬香港蘇黎馬德西雅米蘭芝加莫華斯城東大圣劍首北埃深紐舊金山倫筑橫千葉圣何巴黎上海牛津柏林新敦橋黎爾斯盛德市京阪迭橋爾京因圳約敦波濱加頓世

里

圖

哥

科頓哥戈霍塞坡爾溫摩Technological

Innovation

Frontier:

East

Asian

Cities

led

by

Tokyo

arevibrant

in

innovation技術(shù)前Industrial

Innovation

Frontier:

San

Francisco

is

leading

globalindustrial

innovation

and

cities

of

emerging

economiesare

on

the

riseThe

industrial

frontier

is

led

by

innovative

technology

companies

and技術(shù)創(chuàng)新前沿：以東京領(lǐng)銜的東亞城市創(chuàng)新活躍產(chǎn)業(yè)創(chuàng)新前沿：舊金山引領(lǐng)全球產(chǎn)業(yè)創(chuàng)新，新興經(jīng)濟(jì)體城市涌現(xiàn)沿多以研發(fā)機(jī)構(gòu)、實(shí)驗(yàn)室等力量為主體，R&D

institutes

and

laboratories

are

the

mainstay

of

the

technology主要表現(xiàn)為以專利產(chǎn)出等為載體的技術(shù)創(chuàng)新。當(dāng)frontier,

whose

technological

innovations

are

mainly

in

the

form

of產(chǎn)業(yè)前沿主要以全球代表性科技創(chuàng)新企業(yè)、獨(dú)角unicorns

who

promote

the

development

of

technology

and

industry.

SanFrancisco,

Seattle

and

London

are

the

core

players

in

this

area.

Witha

large

amount

of

data

and

use

cases

for

computing

and

application利申請和授權(quán)方面展現(xiàn)出特節(jié)以舊金山、西雅圖、倫敦為核心。由于擁有大patent.

Currently,

the

world

is

on

the

cusp

of

technology

explosion.

East全球處于技術(shù)爆前獸企業(yè)為主導(dǎo)，進(jìn)行技術(shù)開發(fā)與產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展。該環(huán)發(fā)階段，東亞城市在PCT

專Asian

cities

have

advantages

in

PCT

patent

application

and

licensing.別優(yōu)勢，日本有

5

座Five

Japanese

cities

have

entered

the

global

top

20,

representing

thestrongholds

for

global

technological

innovation.

Due

to

continuousimprovement

in

technological

capabilities,

Seoul,

Beijing,

Shenzhen,ShanghaiandSingapore

become

the

top-tier

citiesin

thearea.scenarios,

Chinese

and

American

cities

are

vibrant

in

industrial量的數(shù)據(jù)、大規(guī)模的計(jì)算城市進(jìn)入全球前20位，占據(jù)全球技術(shù)創(chuàng)新高地，首爾、北京、深圳、上海、新加坡等城市持續(xù)強(qiáng)化技術(shù)沉淀，均進(jìn)入第一梯隊(duì)。和應(yīng)用場景，中美產(chǎn)業(yè)innovation.

Four

of

the

top

five

spots

belong

to

the

cities

in

the

US,

while創(chuàng)新活力充足，其中，美國在前五位城市中占據(jù)四城，中國城市上海、北京、杭州、深圳位列

8-11Shanghai,

Beijing,

Hangzhou

and

Shenzhen

are

ranked

8th

to

11th.

Inaddition,

cities

of

emerging

economies

are

on

the

rise.

For

instance,1213動蕩與重

構(gòu)：2022

年“一帶一路”倡議下的全球城市報(bào)告TURMOILANDREALIGNMENT:THEANNUALREPORT2022ONGLOBALCITIESINTHEVISIONOFTHEBELT

ANDROADINITIATIVE科學(xué)前技術(shù)前產(chǎn)業(yè)前沿沿產(chǎn)業(yè)前沿沿圖2-8全球產(chǎn)業(yè)創(chuàng)新前沿網(wǎng)絡(luò)格局Figure2-8LANDSCAPEOFGLOBALINDUSTRIALINNOVATION

FRONTIERNETWORK圖2-9全球半導(dǎo)體領(lǐng)域前沿網(wǎng)絡(luò)格局Figure2-9LANDSCAPEOFGLOBALSEMICONDUCTORFRONTIERNETWORKTable

2-3TOP

20CITESININDUSTRIALINNOVATION

FRONTIER表

2-3

產(chǎn)業(yè)創(chuàng)新前沿

TOP20

城市??Taiwan

of

China

(Hsinchu).

Chinese

cities

such

as

Beijing,

Shanghai,Wuhan

and

Hong

Kong

have

made

progress

in

basic

research,

yet

they1234567891011121314151617181920為主，中國城市如北京、上海、武漢、香港等在排名基礎(chǔ)，但技術(shù)和產(chǎn)業(yè)化方面礎(chǔ)研究領(lǐng)域有一定基still

lag

far

behind

in

terms

of

technology

and

industrialization.

As

the城市舊金山西倫圣紐首爾東京上海北京杭州深圳菲尼班加新加洛杉波士柏林巴黎圣保奧仍有巨大差距。隨著科研封閉趨勢持續(xù)醞釀和傳trend

of

deglobalization

in

scientific

research

is

brewing

worldwide,

the雅敦何約斯圖塞克

羅

坡磯頓羅

汀globalized

innovation

system

has

been

stretched

to

the

breaking

point播，全球化的創(chuàng)新體系面臨解體，全球創(chuàng)新生態(tài)斯?fàn)朼ndtheglobal

innovation

ecosystem

isfacing

great

challenges.面臨巨大挑戰(zhàn)。全球生產(chǎn)與服務(wù)網(wǎng)絡(luò)：生產(chǎn)更分散、服務(wù)更集聚GLOBAL

PRODUCTION

AND

SERVICE

NETWORK:

DECENTRALIZED

PRODUCTION

ANDCENTRALIZED

SERVICEfive

new

unicorns

have

been

established

in

Jakarta

since

2021.

The

cityis

known

for

its

vast

consumer

market

and

dynamic

entrepreneurial位。此外，新興市場和發(fā)展中經(jīng)濟(jì)體城市涌現(xiàn)，借廣闊

消費(fèi)市場和活躍創(chuàng)業(yè)生態(tài)，2021

年以來新增

5

家獨(dú)角獸企業(yè)。In

the

context

of

global

industrial

transformation,

the

number

of

cities

in在全球產(chǎn)業(yè)變革背景下，北美、西歐及北歐、如雅加達(dá)憑ecosystem.North

America,

Western

Europe,

Northern

Europe,

and

East

Asia

that

enter東亞上榜全球生產(chǎn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)前百強(qiáng)城市減少，上榜the

top

100

list

of

the

global

production

network

have

increased.

Meanwhile,Semiconductors

are

the

cornerstone

of

digital

economy

and

highlydependent

on

global

division

of

labor.

Since

the

start

of

the

US-數(shù)字經(jīng)濟(jì)的基石，高度依賴全球產(chǎn)業(yè)分全球服務(wù)網(wǎng)絡(luò)前百強(qiáng)城市增多，呈現(xiàn)生產(chǎn)更分the

production

network

is

more

decentralized

whereas

the

service

network半導(dǎo)體是becomes

more

centralized.

Among

the

top

20

cities,

Beijing

and

Tokyo散、服務(wù)更集聚的空間征。在前特20

位城市中，China

trade

war,

the

US,

Europe

and

South

Korea

have

all

increasedinvestment

in

the

chip

industry

to

enhance

supply

chain

security.

Thesigning

of

the

CHIPS

and

Science

Act

of

2022

has

further

exacerbatedthe

crisis

of

deglobalization

in

the

semiconductor

industry.

Accordingto

the

analysis

of

the

above

three

frontiers,

the

innovation

centers

in工協(xié)作。中美貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)以來，歐美韓等國紛紛加大芯片產(chǎn)業(yè)投資以提升供應(yīng)鏈安全，《2022

年芯片和科學(xué)法案》的簽署更進(jìn)一步加劇了半導(dǎo)體產(chǎn)業(yè)remain

in

the

top

positions,

while

Singapore,

Taipei,

Shenzhen,

Paris

and北京、東京仍舊穩(wěn)居前兩位，新加坡、臺北、other

cities

with

outstanding

performance

in

strategic

emerging

industries深圳、巴黎等在戰(zhàn)略性新興產(chǎn)業(yè)或制造智能化or

intelligent

manufacturing

have

maintained

or

improved

their

rankings.

In中有突出表現(xiàn)的城市排名穩(wěn)固或提升。此外，addition,

as

the

global

new

energy

industry

enters

a

booming

period,

cities的逆全球化危機(jī)?；谌笄把胤治?，半導(dǎo)體領(lǐng)隨著全球新能源產(chǎn)業(yè)進(jìn)入繁榮期，部分戰(zhàn)略資with

abundant

strategic

resources

are

embracing

new

opportunities.

Forthe

semiconductor

industry

are

mainly

located

in

the

San

Francisco域的創(chuàng)新中心以舊金山灣區(qū)（圣克拉拉、圣何塞instance,

Santiago,

the

capital

of

Chile,

with

numerous

large

enterprises源型城市迎來新機(jī)遇，如智利首都圣地亞哥，集聚了引領(lǐng)全球鋰電池技術(shù)發(fā)展方向的大型企業(yè)，發(fā)展?jié)摿薮?。Bay

Area

(Santa

Clara

and

San

Jose),

the

Greater

Tokyo

Area

(Tokyo,Tsukuba

and

Yokohama),

Europe

(Cambridge

and

Eindhoven)

and等）、東京都市圈

（東京、筑波、橫濱等）、歐洲（劍橋、埃因霍溫等）以及中國臺灣（新竹）that

lead

the

global

development

of

lithium

battery

technology,

enjoys

greatdevelopment

potential.1415動蕩與重

構(gòu)：2022

年“一帶一路”倡議下的全球城市報(bào)告TURMOILANDREALIGNMENT:THEANNUALREPORT2022ONGLOBALCITIESINTHEVISIONOFTHEBELT

ANDROADINITIATIVEhave

shifted

from

Detroit,

Cologne,

Berlin,

and

Tokyo

to

San

Francisco,科隆、柏林、東京，走向引領(lǐng)全球生產(chǎn)方式革新Shanghai,

and

Shenzhen

who

are

leading

the

global

innovation

of的舊金山、上海、深圳。同時(shí)，由于全球產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈供應(yīng)鏈格局調(diào)整重

塑，生產(chǎn)優(yōu)勢城市分布趨于分百強(qiáng)城市數(shù)量占比從

2021

年的

56%

下降至

50%，相應(yīng)中美、邊區(qū)域上榜城市數(shù)量增加。automotive

production.

Meanwhile,

due

to

the

reshaping

of

global

supplychains,

the

distribution

of

cities

with

advantages

in

production

tend

todecentralize.

The

proportion

of

top

100

cities

in

North

America,

Western散，北美、西歐及北歐、東亞上榜前Europe,

Northern

Europe,

and

East

Asia

has

decreased

from

56%

ofthe

total

last

year

to

50%,

with

more

cities

in

Central

America,

Eastern東歐及南歐等周Europe

andSouthernEurope

makingthelist.服務(wù)集聚化：北美、西歐及北歐、東亞三大板塊城市占比更加提升Centralized

Service:

Cities

in

Western

and

Northern

Europe,

and

EastAsia

Account

for

A

Higher

ProportionIn

the

global

service

network,

cities

with

advantages

in

service

tend

tocluster.

The

proportion

of

top

100

cities

in

North

America,

Western

Europe,集聚，北美、西歐及北歐、東亞上榜前在全球服務(wù)網(wǎng)絡(luò)維度，服務(wù)優(yōu)勢城市分布趨于百強(qiáng)城Northern

Europe

and

East

Asia

has

increased

from

50%

of

the

total

in

2021to

54%.

Following

the

trend

of

digitalization,

networking

and

intelligence,New

York

and

London

continue

to

hold

the

top

positions,

while

gatewaycities

in

the

peripheral

areas

like

Dublin

and

Istanbul

are

on

the

rise.

Due

to市數(shù)量占比從

2021

年的

50%

上升至

54%。在服務(wù)業(yè)數(shù)字化、網(wǎng)絡(luò)化、智能化趨勢下，紐約、傳統(tǒng)汽車制造倫敦穩(wěn)居前列，都柏林、伊斯坦布爾等邊緣門新能源汽車制造the

readjustment

to

the