高中英語必修4Unit3語法匯總課件

人教課標(biāo)版高一必修4Unit3人教課標(biāo)版高一必修41GrammarGrammar21.Lookatthereadingpassageagaintofindwordsandexpressionsthatmeanthesame.

Learningaboutlanguage1.Lookatthereadingpassage3boreastonishmenthumourperformer/performancecontentmentfortuneVerbNounperformhumourastonishboreboreastonishmenthumourperforme4charmentertaincharmentertain5bored,boringastonishinghumorousperformingcontented,contentfortunateAdverbAdjectivefortunatelycontentedlyhumorouslyastonishinglyboringlybored,boringastonishinghumoro6charminglyentertaininglycharminglyentertainingly7Inthe1990s,Mr.BeanbecameastarusingmimetohighlightdifficultsocialsituationsmuchasCharlieChaplinhaddone.Hismethodofactingwastoappear_________,lookaroundandthendoexactlythewrongthing.Childrenparticularlywouldburstinto_______athisbehavior.Healwaysmanagedto_______thosethingsthatpeopleareuncertainlaughterpickout2.AnswerkeyforExercise2.Inthe1990s,Mr.Beanbec8afraidofdoingbecausetheydonotwanttoappearasocial______.Ononeoccasioninarestaurantheorderedasteaktartare.Whentheuncookedmeatarrivedhewas________byshamebecausehecouldnoteatit.He_______apieceofmeatandpretendedto____amouthfulbutinsteadputitintotheplantpotbesidehim.Heputotherpiecesintohispocket.failureovercomecutoffchewafraidofdoingbecausetheyd9__________themealheseemedtoshowgreat__________inhisfood.Hewassuchan___________performerthatwhenhefinishedeatinghisdinner,thewaiterofferedhimthesamedishagainatonextra______!Throughoutenjoymentoutstandingcharge__________themealheseem10

主動形式被動形式一般式doingbeingdone完成式havingdonehavingbeendone動名詞的形式主動形式被動形式一般式doingbeingdone11RevisionTranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese.1.Talkingtohimistalkingtoawall.2.Smokingmaycausecancer.

對他說話等于對牛彈琴。吸煙會致癌。-ing形式作主語和賓語的用法RevisionTranslatethefollowin123.Walkingismysoleexercise.

4.Talkingmendsnoholes.5.Isuggestbringingthemeetingtoanend.散步是我唯一的運(yùn)動。（諺）空談無濟(jì)于事。我建議結(jié)束會議。3.Walkingismysoleexercise136.Headmittedtakingthemoney.7.Icouldn’thelplaughing.8.Yourcoatneedsbrushing.他承認(rèn)錢是他拿的。我禁不住笑了起來。你的大衣需要刷一下。6.Headmittedtakingthemone14一.作主語動名詞作主語時，句子有三種形式：①動名詞直接置于句首主語的位置上。1)捉弄別人是我們?nèi)f萬不能干的._____________________issomethingweshouldneverdo．2)學(xué)習(xí)新單詞對我來說非常重要。

_________________isveryimportantforme．PlayingtricksonothersLearningnewwords一.作主語Playingtricksonothe15②用形式主語it，把真正的主語——動名詞結(jié)構(gòu)移置句尾。但這種句子形式有一定的限制，作表語的只能是某些形容詞或少數(shù)名詞，如useful，useless，good，fun；nouse，worth等。如：1)It’sworthmakingtheeffort．

這事值得去做。

②用形式主語it，把真正的主語——動名詞結(jié)構(gòu)移置句尾。但這種162)和夏洛克爭辯是沒有什么用的。

_______________________withShylock．3)想再解釋一次有好處嗎?__________________________4)跟你在一起工作是令人愉快的。

_____________________________ItisuselesstryingtoargueIsitanygoodtryingtoexplain?Itispleasantworkingwithyou．2)和夏洛克爭辯是沒有什么用的。Itisuseless17③在therebe結(jié)構(gòu)中作主語，這種結(jié)構(gòu)的意思相當(dāng)于“Itisimpossibletodo…”如：1)Thereisnohidingofevilbutnottodoit．若要人不知，除非己莫為。③在therebe結(jié)構(gòu)中作主語，這種結(jié)構(gòu)的意思相當(dāng)于“I182)這種事開不得玩笑。

Hereis________aboutsuchmatter.3)無法知道他什么時候離開。

Therewas__________whenhewouldleave.nojokingnoknowing2)這種事開不得玩笑。nojokingnoknowin19常用-ing形式作主語的句型有：It+be+awasteoftimedoing做……是浪費(fèi)時間的Itis/wasnogood/usedoing做……是沒用處的Itis/washardly/scarcelyworthdoing做……不值得Itis/wasworth/worthwhiledoing做……是值得的常用-ing形式作主語的句型有：20Thereisnosenseindoing做……沒有道理Thereis/wasnousedoing干……無意義Thereis/wasnothingworsethandoing沒有比……更糟的Thereis/wasnopointdoing干……無意義Thereisnosenseindoing21二.動名詞作賓語有兩種情況。一是有些動詞只能后接動名詞作賓語；二是有些動詞既可后接動名詞也可后接不定式作賓語。①只能后接動名詞作賓語的動詞，常見的有avoid，consider，enjoy，keep，finish，suggest，dislike，delay，escape，cannothelp，imagine，mind，miss，practise，cannotstand等。如：二.動名詞作賓語有兩種情況。一是有些動詞只能后接動名詞作賓221)我不能不去。

Ican’tavoidgoing．2)你是否考慮過找一位摯友?Haveyouconsidered__________onespecialfriend?3)我們必須設(shè)法避免犯同樣的錯誤。

Wemusttryto_____________thesamemistake．lookingforavoidrepeating1)我不能不去。lookingforavoidrepe234)晚飯后你想和我一起散步嗎?Doyou___________________withmeaftersupper?5)人們?nèi)滩蛔〕靶δ莻€愚蠢的人。

People_________________________foolishman．這類動詞還有：excuse，fancy，giveup，putoff，risk等。feellikehavingawalkcouldn’thelplaughingatthat4)晚飯后你想和我一起散步嗎?feellikehavi24②既可接動名詞又可接不定式作賓語的動詞，常見的有：begin，start，continue，like，love，prefer，by，mean，forget，remember，hate等。

A.在like，love，hate，prefer等動詞之后，用-ing或不定式意義上沒有什么不同，只是側(cè)重點(diǎn)有些不同，動名詞表示泛指的動作，不定式表示具體的一次性動作。②既可接動名詞又可接不定式作賓語的動詞，常見的有：begin25B.在begin/start，continue之后，用動名詞和不定式，意義無甚區(qū)別，尤其是當(dāng)主語是人的時候。C.在動詞forget，remember，regret之后，用動名詞與不定式意義不同。動名詞表示動作先于謂語發(fā)生，不定式表示后于謂語動作，如：B.在begin/start，continue之后，用動名26Irememberpostingtheletter．我記得我已把信寄了。2)I’llremembertoposttheletter．我會記著去寄信的。3)Ishallneverforgetseeingthefamouswriter．

_____________________________

_____我永遠(yuǎn)不會忘記見到過那位著名作家。Irememberpostingtheletter．274)Don’tforgettowritetoyourmother．

_____________________5)我真后悔沒趕上那次報(bào)告會。

_______________________6)我遺憾地告訴你我不能接受你的建議。

___________________________

_______不要忘了給你母親寫信。Iregretmissingthereport．IregrettosayIcan’ttakeyouradvice．4)Don’tforgettowritetoyo28D.在try，mean之后，意義各不相同，如trytodo(設(shè)法)，trydoing(試試)，meantodo(打算，有意要做)，meandoing(意思是，意味著)。如：1)我們必須設(shè)法及時把一切搞好。

Wemusttrytogeteverythingdoneintime．D.在try，mean之后，意義各不相同，如tryto292)我們用別的方法做這工作試試。

Let’strydoingtheworkinginsomeotherway．3)Ididn’tmeantomakeyouangry．

_________________4)Yourplanwouldmeanspendinghours．

____________________________我并不想叫你生氣。你的計(jì)劃意味著要花費(fèi)幾個小時。2)我們用別的方法做這工作試試。我并不想叫你生氣。你的計(jì)劃30E.goondoing和goontodogoondoing繼續(xù)做一直在做的事；goontodo接著做另一件事。如：1)請接著做這同一個練習(xí)。

________________thesameexercise．2)請做另外一個練習(xí)。

_______________theotherexercise．PleasegoondoingPleasegoontodoE.goondoing和goontodoPl31F.stopdoing與stoptodo:stopdoing停止做，stoptodo停下正在干的事去干另一件事。如：1)我們停止了交談。____________________________2)我們停了下來去談話。____________________________Westoppedtalking．Westoppedtotalk．F.stopdoing與stoptodo:stop32一、-ing形式作定語1.單個動詞的-ing形式作定語位于被修飾名詞的前面，既可以表示被修飾者的作用或功能，也可以表示被修飾者的動作或狀態(tài)。如：

buildingmaterials=materialsforbuilding建筑材料-ing形式作定語,賓語補(bǔ)足語和表語的用法一、-ing形式作定語-ing形式作定語,賓語補(bǔ)足語和表語33drinkingwater=waterfordrinking飲用水a(chǎn)walkingstick=astickforwalking手杖areadingroom=aroomforreading閱覽室awritingdesk=adeskforwriting寫字臺drinkingwater34

tiringmusic=musicthatistiring煩人的音樂

asurprisingresult=aresultthatissurprising

一個驚人的結(jié)果2.-ing形式短語作定語時,放在所修飾的名詞之后,并且在意思上相當(dāng)于一個定語從句。如：tiringmusic35Theylivedinaroomfacingthestreet.=Theylivedinaroomthatfacesthestreet.

他們住在一間面朝街的房子。

Theman

standingthere

isPeter’sfather.=Theman

whoisstandingthere

isPeter’sfather.

站在那兒的那個人是彼得的父親。Theylivedinaroomfac36Anybodyswimminginthisriverwillbefined.=Anybodywhoisswimminginthisriverwillbefined.

在這條河里游泳的任何一個人都會被罰款。Anybodyswimminginthis373.-ing形式短語也可以用作非限制定語，相當(dāng)于一個非限制性定語從句，這時，它與句子其他部分用逗號分開。如：

Hisbrother,workingasateacher,livesinBeijing.=Hisbrother,whoisworkingasateacher,livesinBeijing.

他那個當(dāng)教師的哥哥住在北京。3.-ing形式短語也可以用作非限制定語，相當(dāng)于一個非限制38Theappletree,swayinggentlyinthebreeze,hadagoodcropoffruit.=Theappletree,whichwasswayinggentlyinthebreeze,hadagoodcropoffruit.

那棵蘋果樹碩果累累，在微風(fēng)中輕輕搖曳。Theappletree,swayinggen39二、-ing形式作賓語補(bǔ)足語

1.1)動詞-ing形式作賓語補(bǔ)足語常放在賓語后面，表示一個正在進(jìn)行的主動性的動作，強(qiáng)調(diào)一個過程或一種狀態(tài)。如：

Whenwereturnedtotheschool,wefoundastrangerstandingattheentrance.

當(dāng)我們回到學(xué)校時,發(fā)現(xiàn)一個陌生人站在大門口。二、-ing形式作賓語補(bǔ)足語40Wefoundthesnakeeatingtheeggs.

我們發(fā)現(xiàn)蛇正在吃雞蛋。

Ifoundabaglyingontheground.

我發(fā)現(xiàn)地板上放著一個包。

Thebosskepttheworkersworking

thewholenight.

那老板讓工人整夜地工作。Wefoundthesnakeeatin412）當(dāng)主句轉(zhuǎn)換為被動結(jié)構(gòu)時,原來作賓語補(bǔ)足語的動詞-ing形式便轉(zhuǎn)換為主語補(bǔ)足語。如：

Theyfoundtheresultverysatisfying.=Theresultisfoundverysatisfying.

這個結(jié)果很令人滿意。2）當(dāng)主句轉(zhuǎn)換為被動結(jié)構(gòu)時,原來作賓語補(bǔ)足語的動詞-42Theyheardhimsinginginthenextroom.=Hewasheardsinginginthenextroom.

有人聽到他在隔壁房間唱歌。

Wemustn’tkeepthemwaiting.=Theymustn’tbekeptwaiting.

千萬不能讓他們等。Theyheardhimsinging432.能用-ing形式作賓語補(bǔ)足語的幾類動詞:

1)表示感覺和心理狀態(tài)的動詞，常見的有see,hear,feel,smell,find,notice,observe,lookat,listento等。如：

Wesawalightburninginthe

window.Ifeltsomebodypatting

meontheshoulder.2.能用-ing形式作賓語補(bǔ)足語的幾類動詞:44Canyousmellanythingburning?Ashespoke,heobservedeverybodylookingathimcuriously.Listentothebirdssinging.Ididn’tnoticehimwaiting.2)表示指使意義的動詞，常見的有have,set,keep,get,catch,leave等。如：Canyousmellanythingb45Iwon’thaveyoudoing

that.Thissetmethinking.I’msorrytohave

keptyouwaiting.Ican’tgettheclockgoingagain.Youwon’tcatchmedoingthatagain.你看吧，我決不會做那種事了。Iwon’thaveyoudoingthat.463.see,hear,feel,watch等動詞之后用-ing形式和動詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語的區(qū)別：

Wepassedbytheclassmatesandsawtheteachermakingtheexperiment.

我們走過教室，看見老師在做實(shí)驗(yàn)。

（只在走過教室的剎那間，看見老師正在做實(shí)驗(yàn)）①前者表示動作正在進(jìn)行，而后者表示（或強(qiáng)調(diào)）動作從開始到結(jié)束的全過程。如:3.see,hear,feel,watch等動詞之后47Wesatanhourandwatchedtheteachermaketheexperiment.我們坐了一個小時，看老師做實(shí)驗(yàn)。（一個小時之內(nèi)一直在看老師作實(shí)驗(yàn)）②如果賓語補(bǔ)足語是短暫性動詞，動詞不定式短語表示一次動作，而-ing形式則表示反復(fù)動作。如：

Weheardthedoorslam.Weheardthedoorslamming.(反復(fù)動作)(一次動作)Wesatanhourandwatchedthe48

三、-ing形式作表語

-ing形式作表語時放在系動詞之后，用來泛指某種動作或行為，以說明主語的身份、性質(zhì)或情況。如：

Herhobbyispainting.

她的業(yè)余愛好是畫畫。

Myjobislookingafterthechildren.

我的工作就是照顧這些孩子。三、-ing形式作表語49Hisconcernforhismotherismost

touching.他對母親的關(guān)愛很感人。Shewasverypleasinginherappearance.Hisconcernforhismotheris50Pointouttheusageofthe–ingform.1.Doyoufinditfunnytoseesomeoneslidingonabananaskin,bumpingintosomeoneelseroundacorner,orfallingdownaholeintheroad?

sliding,bumping,falling作賓語補(bǔ)足語ExercisesPointouttheusageofthe–i512.Hebecamefamousforusingaparticularformofacting,includingmimeandfarce.

using作介詞for的_____including作_____賓語狀語2.Hebecamefamousforusi523.…Buthewaslivedbyallwhowatchedthefilmsforhisdeterminationinovercomingdifficultiesandbeingkindevenwhenpeoplewereunkindtohim.

overcoming作_________介詞賓語3.…Buthewaslivedbyall534.ThatwastheproblemfacingCharlieChaplininoneofhismostfamousfilms.

facing作____5.Heloveditbyusingnonverbalhumor.

using作________定語介詞賓語4.Thatwastheproblemfac546.Theirjobis“panningforgold”.

panning作_____7.Finallyhetriescuttingandeatingthebottomoftheshoe.

cutting,eating作_____表語賓語6.Theirjobis“panningfo55ExplainthefollowingphrasesinsimpleEnglish.AbagforsleepingAboythatissleepingAcupfordrinkingAhorsethatisdrinkingExplainthefollowingphrases56AhallfordancingAgirlthatisdancingApotforcooking

AstorythatismovingAhallAgirlApotforAstor57AmachineforwashingAsoundthatisterrifyingAtableforoperatingAleaderwhoisinspiringAAsoundAtableAleader58Choosethesuitablewordsfromtheboxbelowandfillintheblanksinthecorrectform.

1.Ican’timagineBilly______amotorbike.

ridingChoosethesuitablewordsf592.Didyouhearthedogdownstairs_______formostofthenight?3.Frankisverygoodattellingfunnyjokes.Hecanbevery________.4.Youcan’tstopme_____whatIwant.5.Hegavemea_________hugwhenhemetmeattheairport.barkingamusingdoingwelcoming2.Didyouhearthedogdow606.Jimhasreallylearntveryfast.Shehasmade__________progress.7.It’sbeenrainingallday.Thisweatheris__________.8.WhenIcameoutofthetheatre,Inoticedagroupofchildren_______musicalinstrumentsacrossthestreet.astonishingdepressingplaying6.Jimhasreallylearntve61Pleasereadthesentencescarefully,tryingtopickouttheerrorsandthencorrectthem.1.IamlookingforwardtovisitCharlieChaplinMuseuminSwitzerlandnextweek.visitingPleasereadthesentenc622.ManypeoplestillenjoyseeingCharlieChaplin’ssilentfilms.3.ThatcartoonpictureshowsCharlieChaplinwatchhimselfwatchinginamovie.4.Charlie’snonverbalhumoroftenmakespeopleburstingwithlaughter.

√watchingburst

2.Manypeoplestillenjoy635.WeareallfondofCharlie’searlyfilms,whichwethinkaremoreinter